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޹ȥǸԭɵӻˣҲˣɵӻܵ˱˳谮Ҹ
ɵܻоһЩֵֹĶ˳Цȴ׬˴Ǯɵӻ˹١
ˣŰɣȨ˾㣬ȢٵŮ
ɵٴôɵۣȻôһһӡ

½ǫԭǺܲãȥԽһƫƧСɽ壬һƯСš
Ϊ˽ţԽȴһС˵ȥŮǣȫ˶׷ߡ
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һүֱЩ꡷ղѽ~
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ؼ֣ǣߣ½ǫ  ǣһүֱЩ꡷ղѽ~  Ưѧղѽ~
һ仰飺СܱԽɳܺݺݳ
⣺ı


1 

Ǹòĸʮ綼ڶÿĸɴ˵ӹǽۿߵĽһˣһֱϵʮ껹δޡ
ѾЦ˺ü꣬ҲףЩʮˡвȱˣҲϡ
һ磬ףֱǴԼҺ½ҡ
ԼǴȽϸеһˣǼҵСԳֻȢƯţܸܲɻСӣֲˡ
½ģֻĸӶˣͥеȣ㲻ϸԣҲ½ǫľګɵɵģ飬ֶϲȫ
½ǫǰջ˱ĺˮ˲ûˣھ͵һ½ĸףδ˵˶ĳȢϱӳϲġ
ѵÿ߼ô֣֣Ҷ²ϼҿ϶ѡԳǼң˭֪ԸһܣҲҪ޸½ǫ
ߺܼĸҲûôһȥģֻܺͬ⡣
ٳ֮ǰĸߵ˵ˣ½ǫǸӣû׼޹ȥڶҪعѣҲԸ⣿
Ը⡣ȻȻ˻Ρ
ĸĸԼ˿ӣΪС½ǫѸҲҪ޹ȥǳ顣
Ϊĳж֮ʱȴ˿
ʵģһҲͬľԼҺ½ңѡԼҡ
Ϊһ֮⣬һҲŮףһ˼ֻҪĽҲģȢŮ˻ȥû취ˣŻȢؼҡ
ǼȢҲҪȢǿ׳ģһǿԸһũ
ֽС˾ڸó޵ͱʣˣΪһҪһ֮ʱ׵ġ
ԼҼãԳɳҲӢȻС꣬ǿΪ˴Ҳܳ죬½ҵĶԱ£̾ʹӦԳɼס
˭֪޹ȥ֮ŷ֣Գɱװ˹˹ģȴǸƹģÿθҪǮ˵ȥ鶼ȥĲġ
ȶ˻ǮԼҵļĹŶԹọ֮̈̄Ҫ˵һ䡰Ǽҳɶ˹ĵģǱ۸ˣŲᶯִˡ
Լҹ˼ĿӣԳȥ϶ǮȻ΢˽õĻϿԳʧɢĻӣ̾Ͱϻȥˡ
һ˵õȮ죬ԼҵģûʲôϵԳɽ˾ǣ۽翪ˣȻĸټԳĥ˼꣬ѾŪ˲˹
ϣЩԹҲΪԳôһϲ̨ĸ̫ˡ
ԳȴûߣȦԼһ͵ȵūͣԳȢ֮ŮӺͺȴ˶ֱǸħߡ
һεĻᣬٴ۾صԳɳ֮ǰϲĲ
ѡ½Ҳľһ˵½Ϊ˸ӳϲʵҲˣڴ˸׵½ǫˣ˹Ѹ
½ĸȻ濴һˣʵܺãԵĴĶûȱҲûŰ
û꣬Ǹҹ½ĸɱˣѼǮ͵ˡ
һѡ½ңܿԼңҲ½ĸⱻɱһáԶ޵½ÿ춼жԣġ

½ǫҵ̳˼ҵ˶̶ʱ䣬ΪȫˣֵҲͬС˵İԵܲһߣȴڶʮһ˳ȥ
ٴԼһũΧһжúɫõģϻϲ֣Ҫ£Ĵ߻һźɫϲƯСܣ
л˵
һƯѧղѽ


2 
ϲ
߼޹֮ǰ֪½ǫӹǲУҹҪˣԿõһֻҲûжྪȡ
붴ʱʮֽţΪģΪˣҹҪһ˴һͺֲܿ
ٿֲҲԼʱҪࡣ
뷿ڴ߹۲촲ŵˣſʲôʱ쳣ȥ˹ܾȻȲˣҲ˵ˣͺá
ִϵȻɫãҲʮӢǲԳǰͷģƫӲʵӢ֮ǰҲڴ½ǫ
ֻʱ½ǫǹձһĳɵģȫڸסĿʡ
½ǫΪʵԸҲãղȥӦҲǸѡ
̾˿˵Ϊκ˲Ϳϵ۾
͸һ㶼ƽǸ϶ͯģѵǻعⷵգ
˺񶼺ܾȣȻһεˣҲûˣŵ
½ǫüǰòСƬ̣ܵظţ֪Ҹ
߻һܵظ⼸ʱǻëվ㣬˵ʲô㻹ûأ̫żˡ
Լһȥܵظһ㣬һܣȽȴģŰҽˤһӡ
½ǫҪһѣ飬ȻģֻܿǸòСܷǳŹ۵ܳȥ
½ǫ°Ϳ»СӣȻܲƲôÿҲɰ
ǰȡΪУиѧֵڼҲȴһֱû̸
ԭԼֵߣһֵҲҪ󼫸ߣǳԵ˲ֱо̫ŵŵֲԴרһֱأŪ飬һֱǵ
û뵽Ȼ˸ȫϵţҲܻ
߳ŵʱЩϲƵ˻ûߣԭֵȺߴӷܳסˡ
ȻİÿһɿֲϢ
½ǫº󣬴ö˶
ʱ֣Ȼ½ǫԲѣ׶Ҫ棬Ǵ󲿷˶ҿɫڣ٣ܻܲѣڿߵķӦͱ飬ˡ
Ҳһֱ޲ȥò׼޳ȥˣͷһ˾ˡ
ʱиȶ˵˺˾䣬˭֪ǸɨǣͰˣҲ֪½ɩôģȢɨϲûҲ
⻰ȭͷ꣬緢ȥˡ
Ϊ£Сûٱɨǣʣʶĸоͷ
½ĸüˣޣȶˣ˷ȥ
½ĸı黹侲ʵҳһˡ
Ԥϵ˻ôһ죬˵ҲˣͶ·²뵽ôһϲ⡣
ڿߺµӣ͵ѹûо˶ӣߡ
½ĸ侲Ƭ̣ߵļôȵȣȽȥ
˿ķӦҲˣϲ±ɥˡ
Ҳм׵˼ңûȥǼңƯʲôãɲ˻Ҳˡ
л˵
½ǫˡ


3 
Ҿһһ
½ĸһ˽ݣȻҲµõô£СߵֹΪ˶࣬һһģҲô
е˵߿Ҳ˻Ŀˣ߿
ƽʱǴĳЦܶͶ࣬ܲ˾Ͳˡ
ǽⳡǣ»鵱ɷ򣬲˿۶ѡ
ס䣬Ͻ
ͬʱûμӻԼҲϢ
ӱͲԼҾס½ҸϢ÷ɿ죬߸մӻ鷿ܳûһᣬԳɾϢˡ
ԳǼСĺӣǱĸͽֳ簮ģֱͬǮҪʲôܵõʲô
ߣһȫ޲ȥϸӦȥ׵ʱж£߲ܾǼң޸һ˵ˡ
Գ˶Ȳϣο½ǫ㲻ҲǸɵӣҲвں˰ɣ˹ѸˡԳһ߳ߣһ߳˹ѸҲãѸ㣬͵Ի̼
ǰӦǲ֪ĺãԺ֪֮Ҫ
Գɵ˿ĭǸɨǣûȢȢðǳɶǳɶǶˣԺҪٵģ߸һϲ̨Ұ̫ˣɶԺȢǴټҵǧС㡣
һҲûţܵ½ȥ֣ҪѸ˻ǻۿ߳Աӣܿߺڼ޸½ǫӾ͸ˬˡ
½ĸ鷿Уӱ۾ڴϣ
˲ϲϵᣬǰ˵ߣֱ˵ϡ
½ĸ߬ס½ǫ֣Ĳã֪ӲʹԼһ˳ţ㶪
½ǫԭû˯һȴ˽˵ֻԼԽˣһԽһո˵ɵϡ
۾ǸŮ˵ʵ㲢
⻰½ǫû۾۾˵Ҳǳõĵһ鱨ˡ
ʮǰȥɽҰˣһ˵ĸˣǸ˻ﻹһ޲ֹӤǰһǸѾûϢ½ĸص̾˿̾ĸ࣬ʱɷûкӣԼĺĸףҲɽÿҶȥݣΣҲ㰲ԱߣҲĸӶžˡ
Ҿһһ¡½ǫ۾ǳ˵仰󣬿Բֹ
½ĸһǺܿͷӦĶûϽӵ˱ˮ溰˽
Ϊˣ½ĸŻẰôһԵĳöˣ󲿷ֵģϾ»֮ҹɷ˵»Ǻټġ
ԳҲų˵½ҾһӣҪ½ô½Ǻˣ֪ɨǣ˷ֻһöл½ľ֮Ҫ½˿¾˰ɡ
˭֪ǽ󣬾Ϳ½ǫһ룬ĺˮ
˼ÿ񻹱ǰվ࣬׷תͷߵķ򣬲֪˭˾䣬˭˵ÿˣŸģһ޹ǫͺˣ


4 
»๫
ԳԱߵ˶˵Ǹģŭ뷨Ӧ½ǫˣ˵ɨǣ׷ĪڵϿ˵Ѹߡ
½ǫ˷һĺˮҶڿǸٿߣȥʼľȹ󣬱һȻ˵ɵЦ
Գ鲻뷢չͻҷƢˣڴҵĸ˾䣬ǻعⷵհɣҿ˵ز֮ǰܾ񣬿ֻתۼš
δ˵꣬Ϳöڵ½ĸ޲ðԴϴ
Գɲ˵ǳģΪһϱӳ֮ǰûиԳɽӴĻᣬԳװƭˣ֮ŷǸˡ
߾һ֮ѾԳ˺˽ˣԳɵĻеκεľȣΪԳɱֵĻ˵ĳ
ϱӱԳɴˣڲڷԳɵĻԳɿһۣŵû
½ǫˮʱ˵Ļ˽⵽ԼԭҲ½ǫǰӵˮԲѡ
ԳǸһףѡԭԳɻģŻ˵ôĻ
߿϶Գ۸Ȼ¶ֺµ
½ǫ룬ߵķ֣ȥ
߱»๫ô˵йȥЩߣͷҿˣ߹ȥ๫֡
һҪջ½ǫȴһ񣬷·ڸҪ¡
˵һԵΪѰһֺ£½ǫߣȻǵӣȢôһλòӡ
ߺߣûٿߣתͷԳɣ˭Ȣ˭ģûȢôҲûãֻñ˿ܿŭĳ̬
һ㣿ԳͬкаԵˣ½ǫøߴǰɵҲɵǿܻȥվȻ˵Գɼһɵӣ
ԳĻҪ˶࣬޲ȥ½ǫţ·
ŭӣ½ǫûһЦ˵㲻ǼңʲôѲɵ˷蹷㷽˵֮ǰعⷵգҲ˵˱蹷ҧ֮Ҳͬ蹷һ㵽ҧˡ
ǹԳɳױŭˣžҪȥˣȴΧ۵˸סˣׯںǰˡ
ԳҲһ߳ͷߣżǮͬЩССܣƽʱҲ۸۸ɵӺԼˣڱׯں󣬾Сһ
ȥɱĸȥȶӣʲôǳɶǶˣ˵֣ⲻ𣡡
˿û㲻˵˶ˡׯںǴڴģ½ǫľ˾ˣ˵ĵԼңǲ£˵˻ԳһϽ


5 
ǳԸ
½ǫ廹Ų½ĸ̫ೳ뿪
ҿ½ǫûûֿҲ뿪ˣм˳ȥʱ˵ҿȥɣСڶ
˺꣬һЦ
Ҷ֪½ǫӣ϶û취ˣǾϲִɫЦ
ǱЦ͵͵شߣ뿴߾ӡ
ȻЩȢ޵ʱȢֿ׳ܸɻģȴҲϲֳƯġζȢһͻʵݵţֿ˯ֳƯˡ
ȷʵˣת뱻˿ӣתȴ½ǫ˫һۡ
½ǫƯСܺ⣬ڸǲסĶϲ
ֻǿһۣͻ˸ſǼ͵ߵˡ
δ˵ʲôǼ˾ŵûһٵ˳ȥ
ܳȥ֮󣬻࿴˶Էһۣʲôһɵô
Ҳ֪ôˣˣҿ˾ȷ
ѵһˣ
˵СͲи·˵ȱһ꣬ǵˮ󣬱ˮ˿ӣˣ
СֹţͿ½ĸڿǣֹס˻⡣
½ĸǫСʱҲˮͱ䱿ˣһΰѻ궪ˮˣһˡ
𡭡ǼҲͦģû£ε˵ǹϲˡ
˶뿪½ĸţС˵Ϣͼھʰ½ǫ¾ͳ
½ĸ˵뿪ˣ鲻ԭȢ޳ϲֻҽҶȰҪ˷Ǯ
ˣҴ˳׶ţӣΪϲ죬˺ܶǮȥ˽ӭס
ԭҲûϣ룬ô½ǫˣڡ
ڻ˺ö½ǫˣԺ᲻º֢һжֵˡ

˶ʱߺߣ˶ˣ͸ˣ޴ģվҲҲԣ֪øʲô
ϵ»๫һŲӦȥչˣЩġ
½ǫľִ٣£Ҳһˣ˲ҩϵζǺܺţȥ˯
Ҳζã½ԣĸˣĸչ˵ĺܺãһŵζûСԭŵ飬ô˵ůġ
Сʱڼʱ˶ȻҲģ󲿷ֵ˼ڵܵϣǰ޸Գɣ˵Ǳˣոˡ
û뵽½ǫԼŲҪζ˵½һӶܺãġ
½ǫһˣ޸ʵί㣬˵Ϊ˸ҳϲ޽ǳԸǿ㣿


6 
뿪
½ǫʻ˲侯
½ǫ֮ʱȢģԭΪ½ǫǸɵӣҲ½ǫȴƵġ
˵Ǵ壬ǸڼӣҲûԸȢҪȻҲһֱʮ궼ûܳס
½ǫɵӣӦûɡ
½ǫ˻飬Ժ˵Ǽˣﶼ̧ͷ
ϱԳŰʱܻعԼңǸĸûаǿͻԼңԼҿĸϣ͵͵ߵĻᶼûˡ
ĵ½ǫҪŶȥ
Ƕ죬ûǮӹҲȥسҵԼ·͵ö
һ뵽Щҵĳ棬ŵô˸£֮ǰҶ˵꣬˵ԸӦҲţǼûӭȢģ˶ˣ㲻Ե޹ʰҸϻȥҸϻȥҾ͡Ҿȥٸ㡣
˵Ҳϸģв˶Ǳ۸Ƶģû嵽ԷԼȦȺˡ
½ǫû뵽ԼһĵĻȻ˸ǿˡ
ǳôƯˣԸȻ˵ĵѵǴ˵еıܣ
½ǫԽǰҪҵǳæҪ̸ûʱȥʶˡ
ӴĴߴյˣЩ˶޼ϲǴС׻
ҲˣһΪ֪İáС˵С˵Сܸʵ0ȫͬǴֽƬ˿κҪ
ԸҪһţҲԸʵе̸
һС˵裬ǱˣΪⱲӶ͵Сˡ
û뵽Խһţĺֵá
ʲôˡ
ֶֻ˵һЩ
ĿһЩߣͿԷ̧֡
ʶıս۾㣬Ԥİû䵽ϣĸ
˾ȻڰϵᣬᣬڶԴճСƵģ
½ǫָŶԷϵˮδ˵Ƥ۵̶ֳȣԼѶԷˡ
һֱСģҲߣֻ㲻Ը޸ңȻ㲻ߣԺǱһˣߣҲ뿪


7 

½ǫ廹ţĺܣ˵ôһεĻ۵ķؿڲͣĴ
߼״˳˳ֲң۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
½ǫ̧ͷͶ˫ԲԲĴ۾ɹȵˡ
ò̾ŴǺãڼŶ˸Ưš
߱òˣʱ½ǫƢټ˴Ӱ׿
æվʱ䲻ˣϢɣңȥˮ
߻æܣȴ׼õˮͲ
ղ½ĸʲô׼ˣˮȵģá
ˮ£µģСĶȥ½ǫ֣ϰЩ£һԳɾʹ
ԳӤһź򣬶һ̴
½ǫʱﻹӰЩ½ǫụ̂лҲϢҪæˡ
ֻһŴǺܴ˯Ҫ첲Ÿ첲֡
»ȻҪ˯ͬһŴϡ
·͵ƣŵ˴
ӣԹԼǴСӶڽ˯½ǫκεӴ
½ǫͼΪʲôҪ˯ôԶ
⻰һ飬±򣬰ԼɸСһţ¼㡣
½ǫ·֪ҲСܺܵ˵ƭ
½ǫ˸䣬ĺˮ㱻廹Ǵִ̹ǵĺ⣬Ҫܱ˯ͺˡ
⻰쵽ը
뵽ϱǰ챻ԳɸϵԺ϶ǱԳɴˣʹվվϻԳһˮִ̹ǵĺڴ
ֻǵԼǳĺ䣬رܱԼ
½ǫĻͬܣѹסͷĺߣƿ½ǫıӣ˹ȥûұסԷ
Լ¸Էůѡ
ɵ½ǫԣͱ½ǫĴ§סûлеĺ䣬ů
Էȣ»Ҫ߳һЩ
ҲΪ²Żߣȴ庮䡣
߸ͬ½ǫˣҲûнƿ
½ǫô˳ɣϲߴӳൽԸȫǰϲġ
յ߷Ķ˵˾䣬Ǹ»鵱ҹûа취㶴ίˣպӣһӱ㡣
Ա߶㣬ɻС죬ⲻǣǾڶô
ȻɹһףȴɺܵԭԳǷ治УԳƭһ˯
߲ЩΪˣ½ǫͬһΪ½ǫҲˡ


8 
˸㲹
½ǫû뵽߾ȻôҲԣߵӻСŴкܱأû˸û;Լ鿴ЩϢȻǲ֪
§סůߣ⻹ǶҲ˸㲹ϡ
Ȼ˵ʲôȴһ˿δйĸо
һ죬ûһ˯ˡ
⻹Щ˯ĵһ죬ڶ켦һУ߾Ѹٵˡ
Ϊ»ķɣҪкܶࡣ
˼ôǰԼҵʱÿ첻Ҫ𴲣׼ȫ˵緹֮󣬻Ҫȥźĸϴվڷźȫ˳Է˶Ա˷֮ܳԵʣ
ȫ˰ᵽ˾֮ĴĴʵѾߡ
ػһϰԵȥɻ˱ĸ
ŵʱ򣬿ĸѾˣæ
ǰԳɼңżȻˣĸͻֳߵĶܶ㿪Ȼᱻĸҡ
ϽܹȥӶҪæղȴĸסˡ
½ǫĸ׽½ɶ½Զס
½ǸܸɵŮˣȻǸѸһ˾ӪһСŶĶء
ƽʱڼʱĴСǸɵģҲﲻ˶æЩϰˡ
סߣչ˺ǫͺã¶ùܡ
޴վſڣҽȥҲߣûѣҰɡ
ò㣬ȥǫ½߳ĻʵɻҲֻҰˡ
ȻΪγ׼Ϳļҵףû߰ɻֻҪǸɵӣ˿סˣ½ǫܵӱˮľС
ֻҪӱס۵ҲνοֻǶһˣһڷˣǰ˶١
߱˻ȥɫܲ
½ģ˵ҲǺȽˣټ߾½ô֪Ǳ˲ҪˣԶˡ
ϱӣԼҽ˾ǣҪôһѵĹźˣͰˡ
µ½ǫĲˣ½ҲȻȢһõˡ
½ǫѣһ۾ͿƯСͰ͵վſڵӣԲһϱĹѪϷ


9 

½ǫ߷ʲôˣҲش𣬶ܳȥˮһͷһϴ֣չ˵Ƶġ
½ǫڸ̱˲࣬ʶԼԷ˵֮⣬ֻߵչˡ
߰չ˺ãҲͷˡ
ǰԷ½ǫݣ½ǫ½ĸӰᵽ
ߺĸһ½ǫųԡ
½ǫŴԽĸ׵Ը񻹲Ǻ˽⣬ܰԭһɵĹ¶
һ˵ԭˣͰԱֻӦǸˡ
ɷ߽ʱҲȷʵίôװô
۲ˣߵͷվһԣ£½ºתͷվǱߵߣĲ
½ǫΪ½ϲߣҪ˵ʲôͿ½Ȱ˸ˡ
½վǸʲôأȻҶӳףǼҵˣ㻹Լɿˣأ
߱ºȶˣʶΪҪˣȴĸϽԷЩˣСʵҿһԣ
ǰڼҲһԷ½ú֣δ˵˭ҳԷҪֿ
ûУ߸Ͻ֣һԣ˵֮ϱֻվںźĸԷĸԺ֮ſԶꡣ
ǸŴ󻧼ĹأǴûֹء½˫ӣЩԣһˡ
½Ȼÿ仰ӲģҪ˳ܣȴůġ
ԭֿ˵Ҳ׵˲һܻԳһڳ֮ǰֵúܺദɳ֮ȴ޲ô
һ߸оԼ̫Ҹˣԭ½Ҳã͵ů취ߣȴû뿪뷨
ֻڴ˯ȺķˡðѾǳˣһŲ
½ڳԷˣҲҪӣȻͿڹ۲
½ǲҲֵĴţ֮Ҫŷɺ׳˷Լٳԣ
½ǫǸֱӣԴʲô˵ʲôȽϺãĨֻʵ䷴ֱʣǳˣ
⻰ӲŵˣûУĸңûгܣ㲻Ҫĸ
½ҪǼǵӻţͷһ£ųһ죬ˣֲö˵Ȣϱ
½ǫ
л˵
½ǫûлȴҪϱìΪڻ¡


10 

½ǫȻǸˣҲˣ½
ûȫУҲССģ½ǫ²ߺ½ɻ
½Ϊʲô˸ɻ½ȷʵеߣֲߡ
ȳ극½ǫһ½һģΪʲô߰æ½̫æˣԹȥĥȥˣȻʰԺӣ緹ҪůͣҪȥ﹤
һֱ޴վſڿţҪĸܲɵǾϵĴܺҲҸĸ˵ˡ
ݸ½ǫ˵Ҳң½ǫǰԳɾͲϲ˵˵ûӣֻһܿ˾֮󣬾͸Ӳˣϲ̨档
ſվһ½ǫڽ
½ǫÿθ˵ᣬǽֵʱ߶䶼ˡ
Ҹ½ǫӣ½ǫֵȵɵӵʱ߳౶ⱲӼϱӶûôÿӡ
ϱ˻ǺܶģϾȥǣϺͻǶϺͻòͨһأ½ǫòʾȻЩŵĹǻҪࡣ
½ǫȥ˹ȥ½ǫǲˮġ
½ǫҡͷߣҳ
½ǫ·ħʱش
½ǫҲûʲô̫ѵ⣬ͨļҳ˽硣
ͨⳡ̸½ǫ֪ԱŮ˻и˵ڹ࣬Ƕһӵ
˿ԸŮ˻߸ףĵλͣӵеȨȫûС
Ҹֺ̥ܵͣǸмƷļʷǳҲŮ
Ǿк˳˼ңϲˣһ˲Ȣ
һ㣬½ǫ˽⵽ӵ
һٻ˼ңǼǴΨһһģеˮƽˡ
˸ߣԺӣӿܻһЩ
½ǫԼڵĴ׵
ұһЩҪһЩЩĵԽϼҴڣүү̵ܵһȫҪ½ǫֻһһƯţʲôһЩû׸õ˵֧֡
ʵ½ǫ֮ǰ׬˺ܶǮ׬ǮҲûʲô̫ȤȻͬ磬Ӧ鲻ͬҲźȿͷӾˡ
ӣ½ǫÿպҩϾͱů˯ҪʱʱߵĶӣ˺棬˵ôӡ
߲ӣҲߣϾԽǸ˾ǲӡ
ÿαӣǳĲ˼ҲЩ£Ϊ½ǫĶӣڴӣΪԼû
һ˵ܻ֮ӣԳɸոճҲ˯һġ
ȴһֱûܻϺӣԼȫҶӲԳҲ´Ժ˯ڵϡ
½ǫҲûеְֵĻˣ½ǫȢÿֲ˵½ǫߡ
л˵
߻˱ԲĶӣԭԳɲС


11 
ǿ޵ģ
ԭȻˮزʵӲ֮ǰ˳Ц˵ȻӺܸߡܴɵġ
ڴһңÿȿ˰ҩ´߶ˡ
ƽʱ߻һߣԼˣҲˣһǼӰǹ㿪
о߲ŶֻΪǸ֣ŲԸһ
ǰһѧѾͷǳ֣ߵԸЩ񣬴Ӳ˵˸ӣҲǳڵתͷ
˶ֻͬһ䷿ǸԸȥ洵磬ҲԸһ
ҲûнѹǲϵŬöԷ֪ǵ⣬֪ǺܺദϤ֮ǸѾȻ˻졣
Դͬѧ·˵ʱɻ֡
ߵ״̬͸ǸѺ񣬲ദǲദ±±ȥľԭͥкܴĹϵ
ֻҪߴһ˺ܺദϤ֮߾Ͳ¸ˡ
磬½ǫɫȥԺߣ˳㿴ʲô
ʱֻ½򶹸
½׺ڶЪһ죬֮ʼӪҵˡ
Ȼ࣬һܵȥʮ鶹
˾½ǫɻһμܺĴ½ɩиģǫһŻˡ
½ǫû˵ʲôһֱȥˡ
һȥӱϴ·ˣȻǶ죬ߵĺˮڶϱɺˮǷǳ̹ǵģһ˼ҶˮȥڵˮˮůһЩϴ·
Ǽھˣ½ǫţĸæţСһҲͰˮ·Ҳôˣںӱϴˡ
ͷҲֻԼ·½ǫ·һϴˡ
վͿһϤӰԳɣ
ŵϽܣԳȻģ
½Ҿϴ·ҪǼ޵Ҽңһź㣬õôôԳԭǿ߳ƯȢؼ棬ûܵõǳģƴߵϿڵɫ
ȴ֪˵Ļͬƨϱȷʵûдӱϴ·
ȴҪͰͰˮԼҺӣô۸Уȴñ˿
ò׽ˮˣԼҵҲˮˮůһЩϴ̾ñˮϴ·ϴȫ˵·
Գһֱòӿٶȣͷܣܵſڣײһ˵ϣ·ȥ
һײЩȦ̧ͷͰ͵Ӿ½ǫ
½ǫӹһԣСִۣôôɵȥӱϴ·ָԺ׼ȥˣȹҲȥɽϿˮϴ·
ȻֻƽĹĻȴӯ
½ǫҵƯСɿˣüһԶԳɣΣգǿ޵ģ


12 
޷
߾½ǫϵÿ£ҪԳһ١
һ߱ԳɴˣԳµĴڣಡķԳɵĶ֡
½ǫûнѵԳɣǱԳɸˣ͸Ͻ½ǫߣûйϵ̫䣬ҸˣʲôԱ˵ʲôû
Գɸо⻰ȱ½ǫһٻûӣҪȥˣȴ½ˡ
½ƽСӶԳСʱ½ˣֺ··˹תˡ
ȥ½ǫߵַȥĿֿ˫ֻǱЩ죬û˿´βҪˡ
½ǫԽ֮ǰǸܲãʲô¶˰ǼӶ˻˾ǹ˾ı࣬ǮȥԱǮЩ˰£ȡ衣
øϲΪԼ£οô۰һҪߡ
˵´ϴ·ڼһȦҲûҵƷĶ
ǵùŴϴ·ǷۣǼУ֪֮Ǽϴ·õĶǲľң𾪲ľҪôϴ·ʱ򣬾˵ϴͷϴȻҲǶ
½ǫԼòľϴ裬޷ܡ
ԭԽ˾ʲôˮЩֻźȿͷͨ֣Ǽҵˮƽû취ŵġ
һֱôȥ̫ѷ紵ɹֵأֻȥӱˮϴ·ϴԡͰûУֻˮϴò˼꣬С˾͵ñ˪ĥֲˡ
Ϊüϴ·һЩϴʱģ׼ԡͰҲøϽһ
ֶʱϲһˮˡ
л˵
½ǫҲû취ףԽһ
ߣͣ


13 

߷½ǫԽԽãϱҲࡣ
ʼռ޹ʱ½ǫֻı˯ʱҶһʹ½ǫĻ﷭ȥˡ
ͬˣ½ǫֱ۷ǳ§ס֮û취ҶˣΪԽԽܸܵԷϵĲͬ
½ǫĸһԼƽƽģϸϸģظҲǱġ
½ǫؼȻҲխģļȴǽġ
ÿθ½ǫоǳȣϵȣǴеȣ˼
ϰԵ˳ӣҷֻɶԷš
ʱ򣬷Լ˶ſ½ǫϣ½ǫֱۻϣĽڻ
ܵһߺߵĴҪҾһǳԾĵط½ǫĵǴбƽʱҪ¶ˡ
Σգܾܿ£ƴͨҪ½ǫĻ˭֪⶯ȴ½ǫˡ
½ǫһ۾Ϳ˫ˮ۾˵СƵģãȻ޹ֺ¡
½ǫյ˵¡
ΪʲôӣΪˣΪϱ֮ԳɣԳɴû
ǸǶСһЩ˷״̬ҲֻСĴָǰ󣬶СܵĽԼ˷ܸϵк߳ܣԼܰࡣ
Ҳ֪ʲôڸܵľֻп־塣
Ϊҵķɳ̫ˣԲŻ½ǫ˵鲻Խչȥȴ߸㿪ˡ
½ǫûǿɿ֣Сɻ̫ɬˣֻʮꡣ
ȻﶼԵˣ½ǫԽǸ绹ǸвűҵͣҪúõس谮ų
һ֮һֱģ緹ʱ򶼲Ҹ½ǫӡ
ȥ½ǫˣ½ǫȴ˵Ҫɽ
񷿵Ĳ𲻶ˣǼģÿ춼ҪúöĲ󶹽嶼ˣܲ½ȥ
½ǫԽ֮ǰȭǳĺãԽ֮ԭѧĶڣԭҲǿ׳Ϊֵصԭ
½ǫҪȥ½Ȼǲģ߸һȥ


14 
Σ
ҲĲ½ǫԼɽϾ½ǫźãеˮ˵ľٳɲˡ
ԭǴ޽ѸģǺֱůҲͦãټ½ǫҲãᱣ֮ǰԳҪ۸Ҳ½ǫˣ½ǫһЩ
½ǫڣҲаȫС
˱ű¨ɽ½ǫϵ֦УġصĲҪܡ
֪½ǫ
һ½ǫ˵Ҫϴ·ʱΪ½ǫֿˣʱ½ǫ͸ͣ
ΪƯСɣԲۣҪǻͲˡ
Щߴδģ½ǫֻ˵˵ˣͷ½ǫҲøС
ɽһˣߵı¨ﱳһѵϸС֦һЩƤ
½ǫһЩһ辽ڱı¨
Ҫȥʱ½ǫ˵ϵһЩСӡжĽӡ
ҲͷǷֱ治ʲôаɡ
ǼǲǺþûгԹˣ½ǫЦ˵ץֻӳԡ
Ϊ˵ЦֲԻץʲôӡ
½ǫǰץڹԣǹҲʹһװͲжǹ֧һ֧
ڹŴԻԵ϶׬Ķ࣬ɽҲ֪ûʲôͶҲ̰ģֻһֻǮЩʽ𣬲׬Ǯ
߲֪½ǫʲôͿ½ǫ˼塣
ӦõȲ½ǫŲˣߣȴһЩ춯
춯ʲôҰײ
߽ŵ۾˾ŵӡ
½ǫˣص˺
½ǫһ½ǫȴҪȻˡ
߲֪Ҫȥʲôûа취
ûһҰĽ޹Ƶ˵ţǰ˵˱ҰײˣµĲС
֮ײüײˣߵ½ǫѾײˣĵ۾ˣ߬ȭͷҪǿԼվȥȴû
ûһᣬʧˣΧ÷ǳİһŲķ򿿽


15 
ϼһ
ߺµ˵ϣܶܡ
ԽԽҲֹסķ
֪Լûãû뵽ôûãܶܡ
˫ۣ˺һᣬûеʲôҰ޵ĿҧǸоһ˫ȵĴϣסˡ
߸ܵϤ۾Ϳ½ǫЦһӾӿ
½ǫﱧŻ˰ɣû£ѾˣǾͳŻš
ˣŵȥֲԶһֻ˵ҰҰͷ϶Ѫײġ
ղײϽȥ½ǫϣ½ǫ°ϵѪý˳æȥѪˣ
𼱣Ѫ½ǫȻȥѸղſĲһţȻͷ˵ҰŵľͷϣߣղײңɵľͶ㿪ˣûײңײ˼Լײˡ
½ǫ˵ɣǽЦƵģȴ½ǫһˣӦҲǾһҵĲ֮ŽͷҰɱ˰ɡ
ߴӻͳһδùú½ǫְĸ㣬Σȴһ̫ûˡ
ãΪҵСɳ⣬ԲôĸȻˡ½ǫ˵־Լ⻰˵ĲԣҲȫΪ⣬ԼҲˣǼôЩ춼ˡ
ǼҲǰҼҲ˵ǰҼң˶ôܳԵ⣬Ҳ͹ڲܳȣǼһ϶أǰҼ޹֮ǰҲԶܳԵõġ
½ǫ뵽ˣһŴƶɽ塣
Ҷʲô׬ǮĶ˿϶Ҳһ̣ô˵ǼϻȻȥȥϵʱɱ
ǻȥʱ춼ˣ֮ǰ½Ӻ߳ٳٲ飬ĲУӻɵӣӵķǸĽһŲһȥô
ڵĲˣҵȣۿˣסˣȥ˰æһȥɽˡ
˵ɽûֲǲ֪ǶǸɵӣţҡ
˵˵ǰɽҰǶӿ϶Ұˡ
˵ҰˣɵӹƿӶñŵһ߸ߡ
ȻԹ˻ǺŽģ˭¶Ҫæ
峤˵ɽҰûôҴϼһ


16 
һ
½Ŵ˵Ӱ˳ɽˣû׼ˤˡ
ȢķôƯһޣһֱȵʮųף϶ܸߣôԸ޸һɵӣɵǸɽ죬Ȼ˸Լ˰ɣ
½˵ӱҰײʱĻһ˿ҡ
ϾҰײ˻ǰ£֮ɽҰ˶û½ǫһôù
ͷ˵߹½ǫˣ﷢š
ȷʵƯȻƲָɲ˻Ļƿ
ǳϲӣҸԱү˼ҵС檣ӹÿ϶
½żͬ߿žͲǸ˵ʱǿߺ½ǫˣȫȫβĻˣһͷҰ
ģɵȻҰˣŴ̲ס̾˵˾䡣
һԵ˾䣬û׼Ǽģô䣬һҰˣպñء
ŴĵܵҲͬ£˵ôܴùҰɽǴҵģһҵģҰӦȫһ˳ԡ
½ǫ뵽һˣװ˼߹ļϣһʹ࣬ȴʲô˵
߸ղž½ǫ˵ҪôϽܹ˵ǸղſʱɽҰҰ˰죬ŽҰɱˣҲ
˵˼ʲǼٵģֻ뵽˵ʱյʱ̣Ʋס˲۽ǣˣ϶Ѫ
½ŵȥ½ǫ°ѪŵòУҿĶʹȥС
ǴûУֻȥϡ
½ǫȴĵץ°ڻ˻Σû£һŤˣȥҩƾͺˡ鷳ҰңȻǻû½ǫˡ
½Ҳ֪ôˣŵллҽæҼҳ⡣
⻰ˣҲû˵ʲôͻȥˡ
½ǫȥָ˵һ龭ȻͷҰõҰĻҲ½˵ˡ
½ҲͬĻղ˵ô⣬ȫóȥҳԣǸ½ǫһҰٿˣˮͷ£ʣµⶼֺãװ¨˵ʲôҲҪȥϣһ˳̫ˡ
½ǫ½ԼȥǸ⣬ûȥϣԼһҲߵۣ˶á
½߸ųˣתͷߣȻߺίڽ䡣
½ǫߵְҲ춼չңһȥɡ


17 

û뵽˵Լˣ๫˵ܻչˣ˵ȵˡ
뵽ϱӣÿԼҵĸʱԳֻԱѲԳɻȢܶˣ˵顣
ڵ½ǫ̲סǰԳԱȣÿԱȣϱԼѡ
һҲѡ½ǫǲǾͳϲ½ǫˣȻ͹ôõˡ
뵽⣬ʶ½ǫߴ˴ա
ĸȴ½ǫ˵ǰ߹ţȫΪ˳ϲ
㲻ϲҶһɵӣҲûԸ޹ǻȥϼס
ߵҪҲߣֻҪӣͺãǸҶӱֻСè˭èڴԼҵèܰæϴء
ֻǵĿһۣȻߣһҲ벻ӣҲʹӦˡ
ڶһ磬½ֺõһЩˮͷָЩæ˼ңⲻּ࣬ЩյͦĵģϾûأ½ǫͻˡ
һȥ˴峤ң峤˵ҵ⳵ãȥ⡣
峤һ⣬ܸ˵ľͰѳˡ
һ˽ҰȥЩõĶ׼һˡ
ϵĶȴǮĿ졣
½ǫҪĥӣ߼һûôۣҲࡣ
ȥ·ϣߺܾнһֱͷ½ǫ֣СѧƵģ죬ջԾһЩ
ϲʲôһ˶򡣡½ǫͷһôǣǰܸԱ
Ҹţ϶ʹŻǮ⵰ֻȻߡ
ҡͷܳԱͺܺˣûʲôԵġ
㰮ǣ½ǫһȦŴʲôóԵĶǺ«
ҡͷǺ«ʱȴʶ̿ˮ
ǰԼң϶ûԹǺ«ģԼҵʱ򣬵һȥϼܵ˴Ǻ«
ܵǺ«ǰһǺ«Ҳûй˵ҫĻֻǶԣҲûָҲǳĲ̡
߾ͼǵǺ«ͮͮģ滹һ㽹ɫǣƽʱǶûԹε߸󲻳Ǻ«ʲôζ
½ǫǺ«ʱʶľ̿ˮ
½ǫ͸뷨һ͸ǼǺ«
֣߰Ҫ㲻øҲԡ
Ҳԣ͵ңһԺòã½ǫչȥߺߵƲͷˡ
½ǫüǣֱ鲢ǿӶԶϱ̫˶ı飬һ˿Լǰ
ǰ½ǫʮ굥̫Ϥˣ;ԼǰŮѵĸ顣
½Ҳ˵һҲǺ«ԡ
½Ƴһۣ˰ɣСӵĶԼԣҡ


18 

ȴ֣ǰûϣȥǣԳһҰ˾ǣϻǼʹһլӡ
ԳһҰȥֱ֮ûٳһۡ
һΣôˣµĲֽ֪ŷŵˣʶ½ǫ㣬Ϊ½ǫܸȫС
½ǫ½֧̯ӣһ⣬һŶ
ҰڸвͬǮҲͬ
ҲвʶˣҰʣҲãʼǮġ
ļǮܶ˹ʱͲȫˣʣһЩõλõ⣬Լ½ǫ˽һ˱¨⡣
һԣҲСɲӣ½ͬ⣬˵ʣ˵
½ǲ߳ԣǲȫ˳ԣԼ˭ԡ
ǰЩô࣬½ҲҪһЩԵģԴ½ǫһֳ׳ϲѼҵ׶ˣҪ½ǫٳʲô⣬һǮòˡ
֧̯ӵʱ߲ҽҲҸĿ˵½ںŵţͺǼҳСˣСֻҪҲܣҳͺܿˡ
½ǫŶڽСߣݸһӣǮ
߶û뵽ô޵񽻵Լˣ
ңһ˰ɣûǮҲʶǮߵСˣǮ֮󣬶Ǯĸ
˭дӲʶʶһ׶Σ½ǫǮĺӷŵߵһǮǮ
½˸СƵģǳǻỵ¡
ûһ˶յ˵һǮǶʮǮ
ͭǮ½ǫڵӾ￴Ĳ࣬½ǫһ顣
ʲôʥĶָӲˡ
½½ǫôӣĲС
յǮˣ󲿷ֶͭǮҲٲӡ
ӼжǮͭǮٶġ
ߴʼǮǮľˡ
½ҲЩ˫۷û뵽һͷҰǼһĶ׬ǮԣȥԻˡ
궫½ǫԼһЩǮ˵ȥ
½һ½ǫ˵̫಻㣬һ˿̫Σˡ
һ˰߹߾Ͳˣ߱Ƚϰȫ
½ǫһᣬ߾ײ϶ǮԳɡ
æͷöԷԼ
ԳѾˣܹ˵ⲻôųף๫ôԶĵطҸմӿ˳˷һỹҪȥǰ㶫࿴˸ڴһŮˣҸʲôġ
һ£߲û㣬ǿʲôʺһҪ
Գͷñǿ׿Щ˾ǲҪǵ޸ңҽĶˡ
ߣһˡ½ǫǺ«ݸһݸһԼһûгԣ׼ŻؼҸ߳ԣЩûţ쿴˵Ų
Գɣ˭ˣ


19 
̣
һǺ«ͰŸˣбİԳɺЦ˵
ôˣȢȢˡ½ǫȻ˸ˡ
߿½ǫĻֻҪ½ǫڣͲԳˣ½ǫܸ޴İȫС
˺ͷɽǺ«ǹ֮ǰܵܳԵһҪÿɽ髵ĸͷҲܴܱ
½ǫһֱԣǲǲϲɽ髵ģ
Ȼȴ࣬ȴûˮġ
˵ϻ㽶ƻûп½ǫζǺ«Ҳ
᲻óԣȴ˵ҲԣǸĸ԰ɣһԡ
Ҳԣˣ·ǸҪĳ԰ɣϾҲˡ½ǫ֪᲻ãװӣǺ«Ҫȥ
żסҳԡ
˵Ǻ«½ǫˣϽͷҧһڣĿڸǰһһȥһֱﺬš
½ǫӣ۵Ĳˣֻһ洦ɼǺ«߾ǳԵʲô˼ζƵģǰ϶ܹٿɡ
ߵԴԺ׬ǮǺ«Ժòã
̿ˮĻˣ۾ȫǶδڴ
һԵ½ĿԼӣһɵӣô׬Ǯ
½ǫڻɵ𣿡
½ָָ½ǫղĶǻʣһҰû꣬㻹ȥһ㲻ɵ˭ɵ
½ǫԴ֮һֱ
ⲻҪԵģԺ֪Ҫʲôˡ½ǫ⳵ϣһ˻ȥ
ȥ½ǫ˳½߶ɵˡ
½ſں̣
Ҳվſڣȥæ
ͷ춯ܺ£½ǫԼ˺һᣬǾȻŵζ
½ǫǰҲҰ𿾹ӳԣѲڼ˸ܲҰһ
ǼûףֻһЩƽʱԷҲͳһЩӣࡣ
ǰũֳԹڹߵıӣҲģֻǼҵϸһЩ
źЩӣֱ˹ߣͱӵζֱðóɽ亣ζ½ǫˡ
˶˳ʱ½۾ֱˣû뵽ա
һӳԷʱͷһԼǱˣŸͷͷӡ
֪ǻҪԳɴȥˡ
һ޸½ǫȻҪԳȥܿˡ


20 
Ǵĵģ
Գȥ˶ķϵǮˣʱѾͷˣͰһӵ˶ϣѺ
ûʼһ֣һ߹
˽üĿȻͣɲʱķɣϻһǿһ۶
ԳԭǷԼ壬Ǹ˵۾֮̾ˡ
һִܾø˶ӵʱ½ǫʱĸоƣ˵͵Ұޣһ㡣
˸ϵĻƣԳɣģ
ԳɷڴԼʶĵͷ԰ҵôˣ
˭ģʡ
Գɸо˺ԼԼһ仰ˣԴ͵ðң˵ҵģôˣ
ȥ˴ʱƽ
Գһ⻰ЩҲģ
һˣô
˸һӣԳ̾ʹӦˡ
˵ǽˣôûԳɼǮۿ˵ԷֻԷ˵ҪӦ

ԼôĹͣ˶Ŀȥˣ½ǫҲ뵽ſڿ߸ţȥ
ǳԷ˿ϧߵͷС˵
ʵԳɳ˻ӣǺ½ǫ½ǫɱˣҲԳĥߡ
ʵԳѾϵڱˣ½ǫСˡ
˺˵ӻؼ֮Ǵĵģ
ԳĬ˺һᣬСĵ˵ɽ￳ʱ򣬿һŮӵڵѾûˣﻹһӤҿźӻţʣһˣͱˡ
Ѿˣ˵ıʹ嶼ЩҡΡ
֮˵һЩԳ֪˾ȻǵӣԼɽģǻӣ
Գе㲻ţΪԼһ㶼ϣԼơ
ҲԳİŮ˲񣬷帾ĺӡ
⺢İŮӵ壬ҵİŮ˸˵һ仰һˣͻԽԽԷҲǴ˵еķࡣ
ǺӸĸһˣ᲻ԽԽƣ
Ů˻õ·Ķ߬е壬ȥơ


21 
թƭŻ
Գ￴˿Χ۵ˣô˿ţҶ֪½ɽ˸ӣȴֻ֪½ǸŮϾȿǸŮˡ
ǸŮ˵ʱŮ˻û£ֿŮϵΣͰͷϴķΡϴӡ嶼°ˣǸҲûܡ
½ӱʱɿˣϳǺӡ
½ߺӵʱŮ˻û½ȵ£½䣬½˵Ůɽˡ
ĸŵĶԻ˵ȳԷɣɶҲˣλҲӦö˰ɣȥ
ϻԸԼİŮʵӱһһᣬ͵һٷʱ䡣
ٷĸ׼˲ʱ䣬ǳ극Χ۵Ҳȥˡ
춼ˣʱ˶˯ˡ
ԳŻһɽϽڿ˷أѾһ߰׹ǡ
Ů˵ֹͷϹܿĳĶͷҲܹˣͷܿһۡ
űסǾߺǿ޵ĳ嶯˽ǴߣԳҲҪߡ
ǿԳɵĵֵܽöԳɺܺõķϣһҶȥ˾
ԭӦڴһ£Ƿ֪£Ǿ˼£ϻϱ˹ȣˡ
ҹߣ˵ڶʱǼҶˣмǰֵ˸˵ˣλԳɵףԳɵĸĸĸ˸лԳһңȥˡ
½ǫһſˢʱһ䣬ôżôթƭŻ
·½ǫˢĲУһôëˢˢ˵Ӻˣôš
½ǫɵӵ۾ǸСᣬ𲻷Ƕʮٿ
ҲԼ˳Цάǵ̫С˵ŷëСˢվ½ǫˢ
½ǰҲˢǴûˢϰߣʱֻй۲һƶȺûǸʶ
ǽһ翴ӱ˳ЦҲŶӸˢһһˢ
˶½½ףܶССʱ򶼱ſ޹мҳŻҪǲ͵½ǣ½ĶСԽġ
˲ų󣬻ԶԽŲɣ½͸Ͻˡ
½ǫڣһԵ˵ԺҪи˸˵׵ǮߣҪģ˿϶ƭˣЩƭӻѺÿȥ¥ÿȥ
Ҫ֪ԳıϽˣƵñ½ǫŵü˯žס½ǫ°ڣС˵˭ҶߣֻһӶŷ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


22 
и
ƽʱ߶½ǫͷһ˵ֻģᡣ
½ǫܿģչȥСɵĶСɾ£ȴʵģһģиˡ
ߺߵĶ㿪ء
˵ģ㺦ʲôȻҲҵĶ䣿ûи½ǫߵԼĶ䡣
һԵ½ֿʼˡ
һˢ֮߻ȥ·½½ǫԼؽ˳˭Ҳ֪ĵʲôȥˡ
½ҲûţֻҪӱѷӵˣɶС
Ҳ棬½ǫҪʲôѵǺóԵģ
֮ǰ½ǫҰغóԣⱲӼϱӾʹδԹôóԵĶԷʱҧԼͷ
ֲĸأ̣ɣϾ½ǫķĺóԡ
磬ö½򶹸򶹸ʱͻһļҳǷ½ǫߵϡ
ڵ˵˼ԳɽˣƷˣԺܻǴ𣿡
˵ܻôƧģ˶Ըͱ˵ˣҪңҿ϶Ͳˡ
ӿ˿Ǳ߷·ߣ۾˵ãҪǵ޸Գɣ͸ȥĺˡ
ҾͿǸԳǸгϢģҼҹףöûӦںˡ
ӣҪ˵أ˵ע˭ľ˭ġ
˵ţͿ½ǫӳﻹһɫĶķģϲʲô
æɶأ˵æüˣоĸ㣿
ǣæϴ·ء½ǫ˵žͽȥˡ
ɶһ£ΪԼˣǴﶼҲϴ·ˣ½ɵҪϴ·ϴĸɾһһ
ҲˣûԼˣ֮ǰ½ǫѾϴ·ˣŲã½ǫ
ҲԳˣֻǱĸ˵ˮˮϴ·СĲ
⻰뵽һȥӱϴ·ҲûӣѵΪӣ
ͦһ½ǫĺӣ֮ϴ·Ļ½ǫϡ


23 
Ҽ
½ǫһ·һˮԺ
Ժϴ·ܳⱲӶûϴ·ڳ˶Բ۾
֣Ƕ죬ûлҪʱ˭е£޲ð˶ܹȥ
½ǫԺϴ·Ҳһʼֻӿᶼܹ
ǿߣҪϴ·½ǫֿһŵߡ
Ȼڷ첹·Ǿ򶹸˶֪Ѿͬһ·ˡ
û취ĸƽʱɻĻ޷ɨ
ȥɨҲĸ˳ˣĸĶգû˵ҪͲȥſ
еû±˵л·װһ
ͷһοϴ·ģȢϱǸʲôģЦʡ
ǣֻ㻹ǱæˣˣӰָ˰ɡﻰ˵Ưʵ⻰߲ɼ
Ů˻Ǹ֮󲻻ĻñĭӸ
ھҲۣҿ߷Ц
߽߬·ͷĲУ޲Ҹطȥ
½ǫԱŲŲߵԼͷȺΧ۵ӡ˵ɲعҼۣûۡ
⻰ڳ˶ΣȻЩ׵Ů˺͸ÿǼæҪչ˺ӣɵĻ٣ԵҲ٣ϻ˵Լ˾Լ죬
ô˵ҲιԼǵģܰǴϴ·ܸ
ΪûִŻߣ½ǫɵɶҲᡣ
ڵֱӱ½ǫĻƷˣҲɵӳûŻŮ˺͸飬˿ɲУµˡ
Խ˵Խ⣬˿еޣ˵˵ŷָû˵ʲô
Ҷڿ½ǫͷǿͷ
ԭ½ǫ캮ضģ仨ֻ̫
ƽʱϴ·òľңûⶫʼ˳Ц½ǫôϴϴɾ
ǺܿǾͷ½ǫǿķĶ·ز˼£ȥ꣬ˮĭ·Ϻܴһվôˡ
ڳǶзḻϴ¾ˣǺ޷ϴģ½ǫʲôǶûˣ
һﶼĶˣ½ǫʲôģ󲻣
½ǫ̧̧ƤǣרŸҼҷƵģֻһá


24 
С
˲ţ½ǫɵӾȻ
һ£ȫ崫ˣڴȥ
֮½ǫԺϴ·Χ۵ԽԽࡣ
˷ǿϴ·ɾôһС飬ϴһ·ûмƵġ
ҶĶˣô½ǫ½ǫԸ
Ҳú֣Ǯ׬½ǫΪʲôѵܷ£
ҲʣҲͦģҲһǿϴ·
Ҹ½ǫᣬ½ǫȴһ飬ƽʱϴϴҲϴ衣
ǼһûԡͰ½ǫ˵Ժ׬Ǯ͸ŵԡͰһ衣
ѾĲˣҪߡ
½ǫȴ˵һϴ裬Сޡ
СޣĶŴͣƿ½ǫˣʣһϴС𣿡
ԣҪһϴ裬Ҫˮ裬ݵԽԽࡣ½ǫⶺĶԱ˵Ҷ飬ҿôдģ㻹˵Ļ𣿡
ߵõͷţ๫˵ʲôҶš
߻Щڴ½ǫ׬ǮԡͰһ衣
룬ϱûܸԳӣΪûһݹ衣
½ǫ˵׬Ǯڼȥȫ˶½ǫϴ·ҪҪ½ǫǲ
½ǫ˵ͨһЩǾ˼빤ˡ
ߺ˵ԼҪ
ֻȥ½½ԭҲܶӵ£½ǫСʱ½֪⺢ǸɵӣֻҪ½ǫúûţӣߺͺǸ½ǫϣһǾͿˣûʲôҪ
½ǫһȴصĸ½˵װЩǣ˫ɡ
½⣬üͷһ壬ɵʱɰ
ʱ½ǫڴΧϴ·½ǫ˴θڣ˭߽
ԽôҵòԽҪʼóһô򣬴˿϶ɵĶãҲѹͼ۸
ʱ½ǰ½ǫһ٣ЩӰ嶼ǿ㳤ģӣôһ㶼£͸ôˡ
ҿҪӣϽţͣǮǸǱ̫С
½ǫ鲻Ը˵ǾǮһˡ
ѵͣ¸ȥɱһǮһ飬ѾܲˣԺϿ۵߰һ顣


25 
ջ
˺ٻǮһ㶼
㣬Ǯ鶹پûˣһһ£ȷʵȶˡ
˼ҵʱ͸½ǫˣ˵Ҫ
ʣµõԥԥԼҪ˵һ䣬ɶðһ·ˮ̾ˣҲࡣ
˺ֻܶ࣬ʮˣһģʮ˲ʮģ´پҪһ֮
½ǫЩʧЧ̫һƳһ̾ȫȥǴȫһ𷢼¸
ֵֻڴһһӶȥ
˶֮½οѾˣһɵӵʮġ
½ǫ̧ͷ˺һס
֮ĻԱߣһݵĿ½ǫⱲӶû׬ʮǮǷ
½ǫ뵽ԼԽǰȫ򾭼ˣ⽻֮˶̶ʮʱ䣬ͳΪȫˣԽٻû
½ǫķ˺֮ܶ࣬˵ûֻΪ˵Ŵ˵θڡ
ʮˣǮ׼ȥ
峤Ҫȥϣ½ǫ峤˵ˣ͸Ŵ峤⳵ȥϣٸŴ峤һء
˭еʲô¶ᴫķɿ죬ߺ½ǫű¨ȥ峤ҵʱ򣬴ֿʼˣﶼȥϵܿϣ
ɵһϹڣһ
ҷҪҪǣ׬ǮɡϾôÿ
ЩյСͨ죬Լ챿ܸǴһܣװԼί
½ǫȴνߵ߻벻Ǻ«εϾ͸Ǻ«òã
Ǻ«뵽ĿڸУ̲ס̿ˮ
ȴ˵Եġ
治ԣ½ǫҲ֣Ǿ׬ǮԡͰ
⻰ˣεûоܾĵ˵ͷ
ϣ峤ȥˣ˵Ҫߣһǡ
½ǫ˿鲽ڵϣЩһһİںãóӺ·
ߺߵĲ̧ͷС½ǫҪϴ·ô
½ǫĸ߽ͣй棬˭ǮҲǴģЧôǮ
һϴ·ҲͦϡģûһΧöˡ
˵Ǹôں棬ϴ·ⲻǸ޹ϰɡ
̫ͻˣϴ·Լϴ
һ˻ϴ·ôǵöɶ
Χ۵ʱȺͣһһָֻ΢΢ƿһ϶
˴ŻȲ
߸ŵС˴ŶϵԱ⻹ҪСסӣϵĿǣүƧʲô˵ҵѾײˣʲôҲˡ
רעĿŵǸ̯ϴ·꣬Ҳ»һûпǿˣôؾǵıʲôôȻôһ
ʲôС˲ʡ
ǣջ񡣡ָָ½ǫķ


26 
׼ҷ
С˸˼ʮˣ˼ҵһж濴һۣͿһϤ㾪гˣ˳ú
ԭֻСҦһĵطȴҵĺӣҡҡͷϰԵһĻȣǵı»ôĴԼӶϴҲѹػסСҦ
С⻰ŵˣԣү⻰˵á
к˵ãڻʵ϶ǰҶ˵˵³ȺߵС̯ǰ
ʱ½ǫѧδ·ЩС̯·һϴ·һ߽ķʹ÷ͺô
ΧһȦ˶ĿڲŸϴԣоⶫܰһϴɾһ
½ǫһǮȴĹһ࣬·;ңԶͷǮϲͼʣĲ࣬ܶͷһȾͽˡ
ԭ·ϴ·ͦ˼ģǮյҲ˲˼
̶һʱʱ䣬½ǫʮӾĲˡ
֮ǰԭϲ㣬ֻôһ㣬ڴĲãҲΪ
û뵽ۿžʣˣһӶ￴˺ð죬½ǫۡ
½ǫһɲۣ˽۾ˣҪôҪôĥ˰ˡ
½ǫȺɢˣһˣԼʱȥ档
˭֪ͻȻ˸ŹһѽһӸ˹ȥ˽ӷ￴˰ΣӸ½ǫһӣҪˡ
ǿӿͦ󣬹ʮ
ӱܣϾһӣʵͦģɿôǮ߻żСˣ鷳Ͻˡ
Ӽûôӣŵòã˵Ҳ
ŷ½ǫŸƯСɣû뵽СҦĺӶѾˣȢ˸ôòСɡ
½ǫĻоԣ뵽ǰЩӽթƭŻվЦˣ㲻˵׵ɣ
⻰һ£漴ԱȻǣҲԵ
ȥ½ǫ֣ô˵ģԣҾ׵ܿˣȥеǮӡ
½ǫмջ֣ݼԣƭס
½ǫ˵Żͷ˵ߣ㿴ǰЩӸ˵ƭŻýǮϵҪǱƭˣͻᱻڷȥ
ŵóһĺϽѷקСԲ۾Ŀǰˣ߿Ҫҷ⡣


27 

ߵСƽ˵ϸģ˵úܽ˵ʲô
ǽȴܴ󣬿֪ԼС屣κˣʶľôԷߡ
仰ú壬ΧС·˶ͷ뿴ʲô֡
ǿһƯķɻһߴ˧СӣǵĶվһŻˡ
Ȼټͬϲͬԣڣֵ˾ΪǮ˿·СӣҪǿУСӵķɲˣСĸƴסԼˡ
ɱȿϷ˼ˣ˵ĲˣҲͣˣ׷򿴡
˱Ĳˣ½ǫ˵ҲǻˣǿɷҸĵطúõ̸һ̸
½ǫ⻰Цˣ߻¶ԷҩֱϽߣֵ·Ȼ࣬һ˳ˣ˼ǻ¡
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ΪǸŮ˵ӣԽǰĸһģһ
ԽǰĸѪȥģֻĸ׵Ƭ
ԼԽ磬ĸҲԽ磿
ĸ֮ô꣬ĸ磬޷Լ裬½ǫЩѹ
Ҳܵ˷䣬ȥǺϵĻ񣬻ϵŮüۼ½ǫмơ
ʱҲţ½ǫ½ģѵǸŮ½ǫĸף
ڿԸ̸̸ô
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ʵ½ǫߣܿ־壬½ǫԳһǮ˾ͻȢòŮˣô죿
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ǮD˵ǸҲȥȻҲ֪귢ʲôҵĸѡ뿪˵ѡ񡣡
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28 
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ǮDԸԼһЩܾǮDףǸ
ȻȽϻڲأҲ˵
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Ҳôˣһ£һܲȥһǧ鶼δ֪ɱߣ˻١
ǮDõ׬Ǯ취طǮDǮ
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ֻҪÿһǮķֳɿƺ٣ͿڼǮ
ǮDҲ֪Լռ˱ˣ̫٣˵ҶԸ㡣
ͬǩͬͬˡ½ǫ룬ǮDֻһ򹷣ûռǮD˵ɡ
ǮDǮDǮֻǮDϵõο½ǫŻ˵̸飬̸ֻ⡣
һԵ˵ʲôģӶҪˣôôֵǮҪˡ
ŵһҶϣʱ¥Ҳʼϲˣ߿һûĲɫǾȵŴ͡
ζͣıˣӲĽлȻԼҪֳܱûӣ½ǫˣŵζ̲ס̿ˮ
½ǫһ߸ǮD̸⣬һ߹עߣСèƵģǰһĺ㣬߼һŽȳԡ
ֵĲҶӣȥһԵдͬȥˣ͵͵ÿӽСĵķֳ룬Сһͽ
ûгԹ㣬Ǵкӣдºץ㣬ĸȻû취º׽㣬ǼҲóץ㣬òץһҲСĸ׾ͻ˸ܵܳԣʣһ
ĸ׵̫ˣζȣӰ
Ҿ¥ȴܺóԣһζûУõĺ㣬ߵڻû취ȥʣµһСҲˡ
½ǫ֮ҲҶˡ
ͦнģٶӣҲûȥ½ǫдͬ
ʲôǺ֣ͬ¹ȥᵢ¡
½ǫߣܿͰѺͬˣǮDȥתͷȥչ໴Сˡ


29 
һɵӻʲô飿
ƫƧҲԲʲôɽ亣ζ˵Ѿѵõ˼ζˡ
Ҳ֣θ̫С޲ýÿ˶ˡ
ǮDֿ½ǫִȥֻŹǡ
Ʊغãֻ˽ӵǮ
´֪׬Ǯˣ˼ʣС͵֮ġ
׬ܶǮԳɼᱻ˵ǣ˻Ǽҡ
Գɼ˿ڶ࣬±鷳½ǫǼҾһѸŸɵӺĸãʱ˻ЦǼң֮˵ǹҲ硣
⵰Щִ֮ȥԡͰ
߿½ǫ˺öණ¨װˣȰһȰ
ĸôණᷢƢ½ǫֲ˵ӡﻹͻᰤӡ
½ǫ˵ʳ֮󣬴һľӣȥǰ֪½ǫҪʲôȥ֪½ǫҪԡͰ
ԡͰ˵شǴ˵ͿС޵Ķ߿ԡͰ
ΪҶ֪ԡͰСõģ˿ʱΪڳЦ
ǳ˼Ķ½ǫ󣬺޲òص½ǫȥźá
ЩǰŶص˸ղŰ̯λã峤Ҳպð»
峤Ǳ¨װ˶һľͰ峤ЩˣҼӻСôණ
¨Լžͺá½ǫʵҲһͷӣԺ󷽱һЩǽʱޣҲ֪ȥ´οԴһ
峤һǣǴﶼ򲻵ǣֻ򣬶Ҽ۸Ҳͣһ˹ڲųԡ
峤ĵǣǰѶŵ⳵ϣ·Զڱϰۻˡ
ǻش֮Ѿǰˣ˰Ұ׼˵½ǫǻˣҲˣܹȥ֡
ߵʱ򣬴Ҷ½ǫ߱¨װӣҶſǼҵЦء
ϾǶǺãҲǸϴ·Ķпޣȥ٣
ǻʱ򣬾Ϳ½ǫߵı¨ŵģﲻɵ¶˳
˵ʲôţڴﶼȥĶȥʲô
ᣬܶ鶼ں˰ɣԼۣ鷳˴峤Ҳۡ
½Ҳǣ˳ĻЩۺӣȥӹ½ǫı¨ôôأͷʲôˣ
½ǫЦ˵ʮӶȥˣһ׬ٶģЩǣ˸ԡͰ
Ա߿ֵĴ⻰Ŵͣ԰ɣǮһ飬ʮôٶǮˡ
ɵѻࡣ
һɵӣ㻹ʮͲˡ
½һ⻰Ͻƿ¨ϸŵĲ¶ļ⡣
ԱߵҲĴչĶ󣬵ߵĳӲǱǱȥˡ
涼ˣôණ
Ǵ͵İɡ
˵ʲôҶӲ£½Ѳϣ½ǫôٶģ
½ǫһԡͰùڼϣһǮ
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Χ۵Ŀɿڴչȥʣ򣿡
Ǯû˽ۣ
㻹ǻĲ㿴ôԶû⳵
ҼҸԣһЩģǼ¿鷳½ǫ߽ȥ
ֻ붬ȥ꿪Ҫڼֵصġ
ǶĲ࣬һʮ飬ȥ
½ǫǮDǩͬʱǮD˵һЩĳУ½ǫڴܡ
ҪĲ࣬һ͸㶨ˣҲûʲô£Ӧˡ
ȥ֮½Թ½ǫ׬ٻ٣һ㶼֪Ǯ
½ǫЦŰѶóźãⲻǿÿͣ㲹ӣӹҲ̫ˣҲӡ
½ͷҲԣ׳һЩҲøСޡ
Сޣߵˢһºˣߵðͷĵ͵͵ġ
½ڱ¨﷢ɽ髣ǣʲô
Ǻ«ԡ½ǫôϲǺ«ȥһҪԶ㣬ԼҲܾԵˡ
½ҡͷ̸˵ȹȥǱȥһˣԴ֮ҲûȥǱ߶飬ٲȥԭòѧļֶˡ
飿ﲻһֱ˵Ǹɵôһɵӻʲô飿½ǫԽ󣬵û鿼ƾٵ飬ôԼƯСᡣ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


30 
Ҫ
ҿͦõģǰѧᣬڿ϶ѧᡣ½Ҳûڴ½ǫܿȡֻҪϵü֣äͿˡ
߾û˸ϱ޸Գ֮ǰ˵Գɶĺá
Գǰװ֪һЩ򵥵ʫͰסˡ
׺֪ԳɾǸҷҲͻᱳʫҲϲ̫ࡣ
ʱ룬ԼܶͺˣͲᱻ׵ƭȥ
½ǫжĻᣬĽ½ǫ
½ǫԭ˵ԼͲȥˣǿĽ½ܶô
½ɵһĿ½ǫȥǱǧ˵⻰СŰϳ
½ûֱ˵ܶ飬½ǫҲˣĸǲȥѧöģǸ˵̸飬Żñˡ
Ҳ֪һ㣬½Ļѹתͷȥ
ѧдôѧҽ㡣½ǫҲǸߵѧҵģҪΪְֽؼҼ̳мҲͿˣ֮
δѧѧݸŴƾٵкܴĲ𣬵ǽֻǿԵġ
߻δڣ½˵ˣԼֲʶһ̱أȥһˣȻҾʹȡ
½ǫ֪˵ĴֻŻǸܵ½ǲ½գҲҪȥġ
Խ֮ǰԭǸɵӣд֣дһֺ֣˻ɣȥ飬꣬˵Լѧдˣû취ѧȥ֪ʶ½Ҳȥˡ
ͷ˵ãҾȥѧѧˣд֣ǲǸóˣ
½ǫ˵³Ҳ½ǫ˳
ǰ£ǲȥģ½ǫദһʱҲࡣ
ԼĲ˲óԣͰղ
½ǫԽǰҲιδһԼϲˣһ³߶ԷԸһæԷϲԵĲҲԡ
ԽǰܲãǮȴµһӣⱲɵȴһƯţһͬСĳЩƣҲȴо˴δйҸ
߳׺ͷһνЩţҲҷģͷһĿ¯Ĳ
Ż½ǫΪ½ǫʲôҪæ̧ͷδüôˣͱ½ǫһƬ⡣
߾һ£
ǰû֮ǰܵĸʱΧȥĸ׾ͻڹһιܵܣʱͦĽĽǿڳԵģĽĸ׶Եܵܵİ˾ûôˡ
û뵽֮½ǫǰͯźֲˡ
ͷС˵ֲСˣûô졣
СӾͲܱ˳ô½ǫ˵СõһȲĸ
һϳԹ˯ˣ߳Թæһˢ룬ͻȥ˱ˡ
̺˱ӣͿ½ǫǸԡͰᵽ˷
ͫ׵𣬽ֱվڴǰҲҶ
ֱ½ǫ̧һˮȫԡͰŻع
ҪҪС߻û׼
һ죬ݸ軺һƣ͡½ǫûǸỳУûбдʩ
ߵ̫ˣ֮󣬺ӻӪߵܲסԽԽ
ټȻˣ˻ûôŨĸ飬һ߷ĵϲ֮Щ¡
߲֪½ǫʲôߵɵվǣ½ǫʼ·ҵתͷ
˫˵ԡͰҲһɡ½ǫһ˯ôãδ·ӣȻ뿴ߺߣͰ͵Ƹˡ
ﰵ֮߷˲٣Լĥһˮˣ½ǫ׷ôˮ
ŵİ·һ£ȻܿӰܿ½ǫ¶ؼȻ񿴵óԵһԾ̿ˮ
̫ˣ̿ˮԵЩ󣬱½ǫˡ
½ǫüҵСɲҵˣ
߱˵Ļһδüͣͱ½ǫŵˮůס̾˿
л˵
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31 
һ
Сʱȥϴ裬ˣĹ̫࣬ǸҲҲûϴ裬Ҳֻܲϴ塣
軹ͷһΣδԭôֲ̹ܻСޡ
뵽ǰ˿ǻ˵׺󶴷ж̹ʱֻǼ˵ʱ̬ûǿ˵̹ʲô˼·ܵˡ
û̹һᣬԡͰֽһˡ
ȻԡͰ˫˵ģҲֻǱȵ˵ĴһȦֻһһ˵Ļ
߻û״κı½ǫȥ˻
һҶ½ǫĻ彩ӲֽŲ֪÷뽫ԼССһţԼ½ǫ
½ǫȴĶ󿿡
һ㣬ֻ衣½ǫͷ߱ˮȾĲǰı
֮ǰ˵ǰûݹ裬ֻϴǳȡ
ǿߵ󣬷ϾȻô׾ÿţƵġ
ƽʱǸܰɾˣܲĻ³ɳɻע
һ½ǫͦģ½ǫǴԽģȻСϰҪָ
СһŴСɽ˶ϴ裬϶ҲᱻӰ죬ĺζ
ʵ߻Ϊ̫ɾĸܵԼһЩϾһ±ѵĵط˭Ϊ˷ʱ˼
ǰڼҲϴӵʱ͵͵ģȻĸ׿ĸ׾ͻƿڴ˵˷ˮˮԼӺӱġ
ǰˮϴͺܲˣûˮ½ǫȻΪ裬רŸˮжǼЩᡣ
Ǻܿ͹˲ϸжˣΪ½ǫҪԸ裬߲ϰߣһѾǼˣﻹܽܵ˴ء
ԡͰһôһ㣬㿪Ҳ㲻½ǫԡͰϰÿ䶼ϸĵشһ顣
ϴ֮ߵĶ˵˾䣬ţÿһôƯ
Ϊ仰ڱһ϶û½ǫ½ǫҪ󶼾ܾˡ
ڶһ磬ѹû´˫ԼĶϣϸϸĴԼĶӣ뿴ûʲôͬ
еĸеĸ˲࣬ӶǹĹĵģ̾ͱĺܹģСƵģӾͳˡ
½ǫһԡͰ裬ͻСˣĶСˡ
ΪʲôӻǱģЩʧ䣬̫ˣСҲСһֻһʼٵһӲܿɡ
̾˿漴뵽ԺԼĺӣֿ
Сû˰ԺһҪúõİԼĺӡ
Թ緹½ǫͳȥżңżҲԶҲסڴ
·͵żſھͻˡ
߻ʱʱȥԼĶӡ
̫½ˣ½˼Ƭ̣֪ôˣϾӻŮˣ
ϲ£ףһ¡ƤԼȥߣҲһ
Ҵд˵֮ǰҪκˣȻױסȹһʡ
л˵
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32 
Ǽ߶
½ǫż֮ǰȴһ£֪ʮţһһŮ࣬Ů﹩飬ƽʱҲ̼ѧ׬Щѧѡ
úӶ˲࣬üӶûһٵģǴѧߵˣҿѧ˴뱲ӣôҲͷ˶·
ͺ飬ҲǸ½һ뷨úӻд־Ϳˡ
½ǫƿżҵĴʱѾ洫СͯСڷľľΧ˼СѣҲ߰꣬Сꡣ
ǰվһźˣһѽߣ˭Ĳûˣͻᱻġ
½ǫվſЩ㱣·һ׶԰Ĵѧ
ſվƬ̣иС½ǫָ½ɵˣ
СҲ̧ͷȥ½ǫеסЦе¶ӡ
üſڵ½ǫɵӽʲô
顣½ǫܸо¶
ʣʲôָָ̧ԺӣʹƵ˵ȥԺѲˣһȥʦĸ·ϴˡ
½ǫȻûԭļ䣬ŵĻҲ֪ôˣԭ۸ԭǸɵӣûн̹ԭϰ֣ԭѧѣȴԭ߸ɴֻ
ԭǸɵӣ϶ѧϰ֣һ½ǫҲ֪ҲҲԹԭд֣̲ᣬɰͻȥˡ
һǮһ治Լʦְ𣬻ԭƵʹЩ̫ˡ
ÿ¸ʮǮҹ飬㲻ңǼҸɻ½ǫһֻ֣Ǯ
šü½ǫǰ½ǫɵ˵仰˵ʼҲǲԸ̵ģ˵ǮΪʲôҪ
һԹռСˣƲӣһĬӵ顣
ʼֻ½ǫԺţȵ¿ξСһ뿪ʱˣ½û鷳Ҳ޼ɵָʾ½ǫȥɻ
ߣԸȥ˵ԣ֮ǰ½ǫҲûȥȹϲƣȻ֪½ǫ֮˵Ҳˡ
½ǫ˵ҪǮ߳ŭİϣպ㲻Ҫû˱㣬Ǯ
ҲǮ£Ǯˡ½ǫôױƳȥֻԼͷ˵һ·ĵſڡ
һ㶯Ͱܹ֣ź½ǫ½ǫﻹǮ̾һǡ
װȰܣʵԵģ˱ˣ½ǫΪʲô˵Ǯ
½ǫΧ۵˶ˣҲǸˣ϶ƤŲǮ
Ͱԭԭ˵һ飬ýζָţ㻹Ǹأ۸ɵӣʲô¡
ôѧʶѧȥˣҿûҼҶѧ飬ȻûѧἸ˰ǼҸɻˡ
ǺһǼֱǺ֣һȺøԼɵѧᣬԺ˭ѧᣬǮҶҪѧûôȥ
ŵ˳ֵģɤż󣬡ԩҼҷѧᣬôˣҵĺӶǷأǰæɵж֪
ûǼҶ飬ģҪƽʱˣǺı¿ηˡ
ԱߵֺֿҲ˵е
½ǫҪĻϴˣ˵Ļе
½ǫһʱҶҪԷ˵һţƣǵ߼ǣǮǸɻռıˡ
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еɶ¾ʹؿ죬½ҲϢ˵½ǫŴˡ
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Ҳ˹ȥȻķһװ˼ǿ׳ؼǸᱻ۸С
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֪黹ѧѧỹ˼Ǯֵ
ô˶ûһŵģǲǶҪܹǮҲ̫ˡ
˵һɵӾͱ飬ۡ
½ӣַŭ𣬱˵ǮˣֻѶӸؼҡ
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½ǫ۸ʱʶľͳ嵽½ǫǰ棬СС½ǫǰ
˵ҷɵֺõȥ飬ʮſţҲǸľԴըëСè䣬ܡ
ŵҲ£ܶϣҼܿţɵܿ𣿡
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ã˵ġ½ǫ߻Լ˳ëԭûμӿƾٿԣ˭Ǽҿء
Լ˱νؼǼ߶ӡ
һңԱߵҲЦȻǸɵӣȥμӿԣܿ״ԪƵġ
л˵
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33 
ȥģ
ã˵ģ־ݰɣҲнַ֤½ǫ˵
ź⻰ֱЦҪ־ǰɣھд㡣
Žȥֽʵдһų½ǫ
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½ǫȻĶԣǩֺӡ¾ôˡ
Цҡͷû룬ֱǩԼ֣װģ
½ǫֽϸպãǲװģͼˡ
߶½ǫ˾½ǫ˵ʲôţ½ǫ˵ܿţܿϡǿôЦ½ǫҲζ
½ȴˣǼδһʱҪΪȫ˵Цˣ꿼Խ󣬻ӭһĳ
ĥҪҪˡ
ǼҾͶĶأȥҲ˶Ǯȥ壬ǱҲùһѸŸɵӺûʲôõĶϱﶼǱ۸
ֻ̾˿ؼȥˡ
߸½ǫȥЩ˵ղǲΪҵĻ㱻ЦǴûҪȻȥڴ忴
ȥЩԼȿ½ǫԽǰô˵ҲǸУҵĴѧȻרҵͬԼѧϰ
û죬ӵ˾½ǫҪˡ
½ǫӸǣʲôʱȥϣ˳·Ӵһ̣ȥ顣
ԭΪҪȥӣ̫࣬ǵ⣬½ǫҪ飬ȫЦˡ
㻹ȥʲôŰ㣬𣿡
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½ǫż㵽ﲻһҪ˵ȥҴǼڲȱǮ˷Ǯ
ѽǡߺߵĲҿ½ǫ½ǫƣ˼ֱ˵ĶıֻǺߵ˵㶮ã֪ʲô
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ʲôۣȫϴɾˣϴֻ֮ģŮıŶȥŮá
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Ǹӽ۲ɣ˼һ£㲻顣
顣
˭˵ҲҲҲ顣
ʲôʱٳ̯ҲϣҲ׬ǮĻᣬ˵֮
⻰һľ͸ˣ򲻵Ƶģһʱʮȫˡ
˱Ǯ˾ʮģ˶һʮģĵĲˣһЦǮһ½ǫ´ܲܶһЩ
½ǫҡͷ´һʮ飬ˣһҪ顣
˵Ҫ飬ͬʱЦˡ
һס½ǫļ򣬡ҿҲˣŶʮſţҲǵ֮ѧźһЩˣĶ죬㲻˵׼ܷơ
½ǫ˵Ѿˣ˵䷽˵һӵһǮֳɣһķֳĿˡ
ֻЦЦȥҩ̣ȥ顣
ҩ̣˭ֲˣ½ǫ
½ǫ룬˽Ҳ˵˵ȥˡ
ǵҩ̣ſڵţ½ǫԼȥҩ
ҩ̻˵ҪһЩµҩѻƸסˡ
½ǫΪõĴʲԣŴôƺ
벻Ǹһ£ѻƸùЦɵӣôпˮȥȥȥⵢ⡣
½ǫ֪ԭˡ
ôˣ½ǫɫ糣ĶԻ˵˵ˣҼҷɣ˳˵˸ʵ㲹Ʒ
Ȼ׳ÿô϶Ҳ۳һĲֻǲԸ⿪˵ˡ
С⻰ҲֹͣЦôТģҸһЩ
½ǫ⻰Щ죬ֻˣȻ½
ҩȥָһͬȥꡣ
Ŵδ껹кܴĲǽ̸ⷽ棬ȻûС
½ǫʵƣû꿼ԵľӺϼ𣿡
ư֣ûֶСһһԺһ͸Ժѧȥˣûûϻ
½ǫ̾˿ʵƿҪЩ顣
Ƴ飬Ȼ֪Ϊ½ǫǸĺģĵƼ˼顣
ƼʱͷһɧԱԺöˣһܣӺȷ˿ȥżƵġ
½ǫ˾䣬ȥģ
ҲŲͷ˵ҪϣѾôɡ
˵꾹Ȼİ½ǫƳȥһأҲǸ˹ȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


34 
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Ӿһĵط½ǫҲûбȥ
վڵſŴȥķЩܽжôˣǸʥˡ
ͬ˲֪ʲô飬ֻ½ǫǼ鶼õˣͲǮĻƺϰæջţȺһˡ
Ȼ֪׷ʲôȥģǮƵġҪȻҲȥ컹ţ˵׼ſֻľͿˡ
½ǫҲЩ棬Ⱥȥˡ
ߵһլǰͣ£½ǫӸߣվںͷҲɿǰľ
ֻͣլǰ棬һ˵ģʣµǷġ
ôԣȴôĽݲ򵥡
½ǫǰͷվʮѧӣǿм˵ȻһΪǼٵġ
ҸоԼΣ˵ʮʱʥϵʦʥϻһƷѧʿķţǲڳ٣ĺѧµȫǶ
ӦҲΪΰɣǮƶ֮ȻƫƧ
½ǫǰ˵ĶԻܽƽ
㿴һʮҵƿӳ
ʮ꣬ȴ̬ȲΧƽ֮
ôΧţɴݵֻȺƳһۣ͵ս
һԸŵӼ״кͲף
ڰ֣˵˾ʲôլӡ
ȻȥˣҲˣȺȴδɢ˵ſմմû׼ܿ˻
½ǫﰵЦԼԸڳΪ٣մ˲Ҳ˹ˣ
תߣȴƳһ´˴լǰҼ롣
½ǫ
½ǫͷʺţΧ۵ЩѧҲһ𾪡
½ǫ̬ȲĴŴǸˣ˰մϱߡ
һΧ۵ʱ򣬻ˣȻȥȥɵÿʼ²⡣
ȥʲô˵ǰعүȥͣˣСʲôر֮
ر֮᲻ǿ׳ȱˣȥ
ô˵Ҳ͵ͨܲӰɡ
½ǫҲע⵽дһ˿ȣƿƵġ
ԼмƣһǮDͨĳϳҲйԨԴ
½ǫʾԼ󻹸ͬˣǹ±㽫һ˽ȥ
ֻ½λ뵽ƫȲԵģ½ǫ򱻴Ժһͤڡ
ǣڵ
½ǫ̸£ô
ǣʾԼĶ棬㳤úһˡ
ʶ½ǫżɽʱ˷̽棬Ҫؼңߵġ
⻰ͷЦˣǵʥϻһ޴˸ٶӻȥ
ǰ곤мƣǸĻ£ɱȴɽ
ЦʲôѵҲ˵׵½ǫ
Ҳ˭ҹ㣿
ǮD½ǫ˵߹۲Էı飬ǮDͬǮDһ棬ͷǳļҪӣǰλȻŰȴ䵭
ٴηЦ˵ǣˣ
½ǫŽɡ
ͷ񣬲ֹڣ˵ҲһȤ
½ǫƽʱöģͽȤˣ
Ƕ˵ţһѾ߶붫ŷŵϣ½ǫŵһϤζǣ̲裿
½ǫҨ£Ȼвˡ
ҵ䷽üĳﰴⷽģϵó˵ĺӣΣ飿
û顣½ǫû˵ʵǰԭľ˵ˣ˵׼ѧ
ֱüﵱȻϻۣҲ飬ԺҶ顣
㣿Ϊʲôѵ׵½ǫղŴ˿˵ľҲĳ˵ߣ顣
һʦ
½ǫǲԼ׵ζת˻⣬ԽӱܣԽ½ǫɡ
ǮDһͲ׵ǮD˵׵ʱЦˣڳⷴӦ˵֪˭׵
½ǫüҲˣûǮѧѣ˰ɡ
ͷһҪ˶飬Ȼ˸ܾˣҪǱͻϲˣǲɵ
سǮų˵ֲ̫°½ǫˡ
ҲɣҼסڴԶҼһĸͷҪչˣҲ뿪ǣ½ǫ˵ʱ䲻ˣһҪȥ飬ȥҵķɻᵣҡ
Ļֱۣվס

Ժ·½һӣʺϸС·ɫҲʡ
½û˵ҲûоܾӹӾ˻׼СӵĶǶڶǶͼ
۾̧ͷ˿죬ɫˣôûлʲô鵢˰ɡ


35 
ǣǶ
½ǫ²׵Դ̬ȫ̽
ֻʦԴĸ׵ʦ̬ô϶ǵöԷˣʱȫһʦӣһԴ溢޿κεЭ
£ļַͥͼ
½ǫһһ˵ˣҼȻסڴҵļҺͼ˶Ǳߣû취ᵽסֻ뿼ţûѧϰ
ֻһˣ½ǫϴһɵӵʣͬʱ˵;Ͷ͸¶һɵǲֵŴ˻ϣĲŴĸס
ĸΪŮӣٴĲŻҲֻܱȦںլ֮УΪ£Ϊĺӣѵü̳־޷ɵԸ𣿡
½ǫǵǮD˵ʥڳ⣬ǮDǮDʥ˲ǮƣΪʥ϶ûλܴİ
ĸҲʶϣ᲻ĸҲΪ˻϶ȡλ˲СŬ
Լĸ˽ⲻǺܶ࣬ûԼĸףĸ׾ͻģԸ˵
˵ĸҲǸУҵѧʱѧԣҵ׵Ĺ˾﹤ԲС
ǻΪŮӣֻܰЩͨһ˴ϣ
Ǹֻĸİˣϵǻĸİĸףͽ
ĸײŻĵıŸճĺ뿪Ǹ˺ˡ
½ǫǰʼɣǸ˵Щ
˵ôñλأ˵ô̹Ǹˡ
ԭǮD׵֪׵̬֮Ҳú࣬Ǹ˺ĸ׵˭ɷ֪ҡ
ڵݣ㣬Ǻ㣬ΪǿڶԼվڸλ֮ϣԼ¡ڣԴӦңҵĵô
ĵӣͽ˰ɡ½ǫЦ
ֻǸѧϰδİʦʦʽǸֹˡ»ĻŭĶ˲ͬȻϴŰýŮ˺͸鶪ˡ
Ը飬ҼҲ벻ˡ½ǫ룬ҿԻؼѧҲҵÿһΡ
ҲͬҪҲŰδٺãʱҲ޷չ˺½ǫ
½ǫ˶һЩ½ǫδɣԿƾҪѧЩҪЩһ֪ҲЩǰһڣδ̹ʮûɵˣ½ǫ˵֣Ȼøղ˵Щ˷ϻ
˼ݸ½ǫȻȥһֶҪЩĽʲô㱳˵
½ǫ˿ǼĸשͷݵһƵ飬̾˿ԽǰļҲûʲôѶȡ
ߵʱ춼ˣҵĹ¸½ǫͬһһеġ
ҵĳģȻ࣬Ƿǳ£ÿһ鶼˲ͬӵĻģƽʱ滨û֣ڿôƯĵģϲЦտؽĵƵ׼ʱӺǷųԡ
ȥ·ϣͬ˻½ǫ˽ʲôĿ׳ȥ˰ɡ
½ǫҡͷ˵ҪҶ顣
˵ѱ¨øǿȷʵż顣
ͬ˼״һ˵ͦģȥ飬Ժ϶˲ð
ڼҵȵĽۿʱ䶼ȥˣֻȥͬȥʣҲûиɵż
ٵİɣ֣߬޲ھȥ½ǫ
ԭͬӲǺܵģ֮ǰȥҲһΰҹŻؼң·̫ƽûнٵˡ
ôţҲˣżĲС
ҪȻ·ߣû׼ܿǡ
æͷÿԡ
ǸյڣͿ˻ˣһڷˡ
ܴ󣬸ղֵĹȣ½ǫ֮󣬾̲ס§ס½ǫĸ첲۽Ҳúͮͮģ·ҪƵġ
Сĸ½ǫԹߵʱ˵Ҫô춼˲Ż֪һᵣĵô
˵꣬ҧҧ촽оԼǲǶˣ˻ͺã˵ԹĻʲôһǵ½ǫô죿
޽½֮󣬴Сһ
½ǫûǸ
Ҳԣ£ʱ䣬½ǫߵͷȥ㽲췢̫ˡ
صҺж±ı¨ȴֱ¨أװʯͷƵġ
Ǵ˱¨ŷ֣װżܺ飬һеġ
ĸλĲͬⰲŵģ½ǫĸԵĶ
½ǫķָ½ߣһһ룬ҲʳǶ˰ɡ
ǰǼģǰԳһȥ˾ǣϸүһʹһܴѾ߶ǴСԵĽʳΨĻڴʱ
ڴʱֻԳһ۸ǵ˾ǣ˶ƲһѾС˶۸
ǰЩ̲ס½ǫӦһЩõĻ䡣
ⲻܹߣͯĲһһһӶӰõĶŤɷ˸ھǼȵԱСĵһķŵߵģ˵ҵͯҪһȥԸǸһӵˡ
߶ⷺ죬½ǫԵκģҲû˫ǿҧһڣڵɫĵһССĿɰӡ
˿˿ĵڿڻҲЩɢˡ
Թ½ǫǼ߻ط䣬һطͿϷһ߿𣬿ﻹиɫĲϣ̲סһۣǣǶ
ߺǶ죬ģҲ֪ϲʡ
⣬Ӧǲʰɡ½ǫߣǶǶߴҲ̫СˣӤģ߿϶¡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


36 
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ʣѧһЩǳԵĴ壬ֻһЩ򵥵ĻͼԼĺӣܺòÿһ⡣
̾˿Ȼմֲڣ½ǫˡ
ǸǶץ߬ˣźӳһɡ
½ǫǿ鲼ӣ˵ʵ㲻Ƕÿδ˵ڣ˾亢ӡ
ӣ˭СҪˣ׼ģ½ǫεЦЦ˼һΪԼġ
򣿡߱ĻЦˣԭᣬֻаƴСңô£ʱҴǶ
˵֮󻹲½ǫشԼߺ
סͬһƽʱ··ܿԷ壬½ǫʲôûʲôһ˵
һ֮뵽˸ղ½ǫ⣬ͷ˵Ǹ˵ĺǸԼҵĺ,֪ѽ
֪½ǫͷ
˵ʲôأͷһ½ǫͷĳ嶯ô£㲻Ҫ
½ǫ˵ҲԼ˵˻ǼһˣԼܻУҲߣʣµĶô
ȻʱѸкѰ죬ҲʮˣΣա
һ£Ҳֻ취һô˳İѺñȫ˽
ҪȻңǮȥ
½ǫ߾ȻôЩͷˣ˾䣬ѵ㣿
⻰ɬĴͷ㣬֪ʣⶺô
½ǫˣ֪ʲô㣿ϲˣ˭
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ż⣬бˣҾֻһݹ裬Ϊʲôƽ޹ʵң
½ǫͰ͵ӣƺʲô裿Ϊͻỳӣ
Ϊ˵ġίˣȴ½ǫȻЦˣίˣǲҪǮµ
Ѿίˣִ½ǫĻ˽⵽貢ܻӣҲ˵ûС
Ϣιȥ
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ȻûʣǴҵ֪кһ
߿ޱûˡ
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½ǫʧӣϽͣղ˵ЩϿġ
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߾ָͷ˵½ǫ˵ЩûпͼƬһֲͦ飬ֵطôɵأ϶ǳ۰ɡ
ɼȻˣÿԷ޶ҪҲҪģֻܼѵصͷҪСġ
˵ҪСϴ֮ﲻԸٳˡ
ڶ𴲣½ǫľˣչȥĵؿһۣ֣ͷΡ
Ͻͷ˷䣬ǰǳЦʮſţ߿ϵЩ֣˲ûˣ½ǫܿ
˱ͳЦǣЦ˶ˣһЦҲûʲôɡ
̾˿ȥæ½˵½ǫʼˣӣóԵġ
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½ķӺ͵ˣӦһССķӣʱ½ǫӣҲܺڡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


37 
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Թ緹߾û¿ˣǰϲ죬ͲȥũҰڼţڼҲû̫ѹ±ɲ˶ٻ̫ûá
½ʲô½ǫڶ飬ҲҽȥţֻµԺ﷢
Ĵӱ½ǫתͷ½ǫƿӶ֣
ҪˮҸ㵹ȥΪ½ǫѧˣϢһᡣ
½ǫȴҡͷ
Ҫܸ˵ܹȥһݾͿ½ǫһֽдʮ֣һϵá
Ϊ½ǫʱĥīδǿīͱ½ǫһʹ
ߣұʲôֲд֡
Ϊ㲻д֣Ҫ㡣½ǫߵֽ֣дʮֱַһʮ
½ǫÿֶһ飬Ƕƻʮ֣ѧǣòã
㻹Ҫ飬ѧдֻ᲻˷ʱ䣬Уôѧдֵģﲻ˵ʲôô
½ǫգգ۾Сܡ
߸о˵ʱԼĶܽ½ǫգߵ಻ļӿٶȡ
ǰδκйָоһÿҪѿƵģָоֲʹĸоǺġ
ʲôоֻǺϲ½ǫһҲϲ½ǫ֡
ע½ǫˣûѧɲȷѧϰ̬ȡ
߸Ͻع˵ᵢʱɣ᲻ڵָоֻܵͷĿ½ǫְֽд֡
½ǫǰ̹Сд֣Ҳְд
ϱӼⱲӶû뵽лѧд֣дֵĸоҲ½ǫֺܴҲҲܰдƯ֡
½ǫɿ֮ŷ֣Լ־ȻôĶдɶǲˡ
廨ʱҲûôд־ôѣ
ٿ½ǫдЩ֣ôôÿ
½ǫοտʼдģϰĶ˾ͺˡ
߿½ǫԼ棬Ŀʼ飬Ҳ˼ٴţͷд⼸֡
ʺīܹȻ½ǫ˵ˣĶ˵ֽī󣬶ڼҲˣ½ǫʱ˰뱳¨ֽúܾˡ
᲻ãÿֶдĺСһֽд֮󣬸ɴָմЩˮд
½ǫ߶һֵļƻҲԼһݱƻ
½ǫûйĿı죬ǼҲȳҪ࣬һֻҪ飬˳ˣܱ
⼸鲻飬˱ע½ǫǺܷѾ
еľܿԼѶõطעҲ˼
˼ˣ˳ˡ
ҲԼ˱ƻҪһȫ꣬һʮ졣
ֻаʱ䱳飬ʱˣҪƣ̫һ͵ƣƹ΢۾
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һñ۾Ȼ˶䲻۾
ѧһ죬½ĵĿ˺üۣ۵ĺܡ
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ʲôٴСӶϣһɵӻܿˣ
˷ǮˣǸɵӣٰѧĸľګ˾ͷˡ
½ûǺɫҲǵĵģӱͲô⣬һӸô죿
ȶ֮½ǫ˵Եġ
½ǫʳ˵ըӣЩ顣
˶һЩʱɹò˸ɣҲ֮ǰ⣬㣬֮ǰ½һΣ½ǫú㡣
½ǫԽǮǶܲãСɽ亣ζʲôˣͦϲũҲˣúʡ
½ӽʱ˶ͷһ飬һд֡
ǶϢһᣬ½½ǫԼ̫ѹҲ㣬ҪǺ±ЦǾͰᵽȥǰѷӺ͵ˣСӣסС
һͦϲ½ǫ˸ӵݸߣȳԣɽˮģ羰ãΰҲãҲŽᡣ
ûС͵ҲûåǴС͵ȫ˻һæˣҪåС͵˭ǣȥٸ٣ٸҲһǡ
½̾˿￴챻˳Ц㡣
½ǫҲһӶߣҿ״Ԫһ˰ᵽȥ
㻹˵½½ǫǰɵɵ衣
½ǫһҲǲμӹ߿ˣе״ԪڸĳѧĿƣֻҪѧϰҶˣѧѧѧá
УҲҲģԼǸɵӣҲܸ̳
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


38 
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½ǫδ½˵£Ĳִ٣˸߽һ֪ʶͰ¸ˡ
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ʶԼ˵ˣû˵ǴԽߣû˵׵Щ¡
ϴǮDʱ򣬾ͶԼǰĹܺ棬֪ΪʲôᱧԭƫƧɽ壬Ϊλ
ԭΪɵӣĸֻһտӣտԼĵһˡ
ĸȺĴԽע
һҵࡣ
ĸǱ׵ܶԷ˭һĸױ
ʱܸ½˵Լ飬½ȻҲһȫı𷽷½ߡ
˵ˣ½ģš
ĸ׵Ĺˣ飿½ԭ˵᲻ƭӣ뵽ǼôҲûʲôƭģԼ½ǫô֪
λжģ½ʡ
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ǮôôһǼǸǮɡ½ĵʡ
ѧϰǺ£ҲҪǵĳܷΧڣ̫ǳǮ½ǫʧʼͶ½ǫ롣
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ǮҲǱôһɵʲô½ҲĵľǸʥˣôΰˣ
㲻Ҳ֪ǸɵôҲûңһֱôʱ㻹ѼеǮóβȢôƯСɣΰˡ½ǫĵ½ǻˣһչһɵôꡣ
ΰˣ½ϰ߱˿䣬Ǳ˿䣬ΪԼһ̫ˣɵҲãٲҶ죬Ҳҷ𡣡
һԳӣ½ô˵½ǫģϽ˵ΰ󣬴˶˵ѷĺãһɵӻôߣô׳ʵҵӶôӣȫġ
˵־Լ˵ˣϽչ½ǫǸ˵ɵǴ˵ɵˡ
߼Žͣһ˵ôһƽʱ˵ô࣬»˵ʱͻἱģ˵ٶҲ죬Ҳ࣬ż
˵оԼĸǰԼ˵Ļôᣬ᲻ᱻĸΪḡ
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˵֮죬Ͻͷ
½ǫҲչ˵ҲõķɣƯԸֺãķɡ
½һߣǮҲҪЩȥۿſˣЩȥһȥϰ͸ӵģһңǰЩĸǺͱֵܶЦɵ˺ˣ˻ˣȥҲ,˭Ц㡣
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39 
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ÿѧ֣ѧĺܿ죬ȴͣĸϰѧдףдÿѡ
ʼñƲԣ½ǫ˺ü顣
½ǫԽ֮ǰѧ鷨ʹëʣдҲÿ
߱½ǫ˼ΣñˣдҲôˣԼҪϸ񣬷Ҫдĸ½ǫһÿС
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˺֣ͣǼſڵʱѾΧһȦˡ
ڵָʣ½ҵݣôôҲû˵ôء
һԳɼҲҲôô˵ԳǱģ׵ңӵȥˣⲻ½ǫ׵˰ɣ
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ӻ˵͸˵ˣиķҪ½ǫӡ
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ǵļȻţǵڶ컹Ǵ嶼֪ˡ
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ΪΪ½ǫ׬ǮŻ˵ЩƯ½ǫ
˵½ǫǲǱƭˣŶԸϵķΪɶҪ
ϢҲڼЦ˺ð죬̵Ǽѧ˵ǿɲܸ½ǫߵ̫Сѧˡ̤̤ʵʵҪţ˵󻰱˴ᱻЦġ
쿴½ǫһǷȥ϶飬˶ˡ
ƽʱѧͽôѧˣѵ½ǫʲôš
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˵С½ôϴ·ϴôأԭżѧİ
ҲˣҶڳͨ죬ű⣬ȴø˵Щۣ˳һԵӡ
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ӵĻĿ࣬ôôҪˣ
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ΪԼ˵Ļеͷ
ʱլµĴ½ҳˣ⻰ûбֳƽĽ𣬡ԲӣǼ֮ԽǾǿ֮ģǼòֶơ
λ˵ʱЩ£¶˵żȻҲ˵ֻûл
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40 
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Ҳţ⸽ϳסѾˣסڴҲ˷
ֿ½ǫջĺܣΪʲô½ǫôõȴûС
ΪûһʦԲһֱ־иʦͷɻڴˡ
һζıԹʦȴû뵽Լʦ½ǫǮ½ǫϴ·Դ̵СҲܷܡ
ЩСѵĵһ죬϶ЩӲܳͷأԼأƾʲôУûôġ
츳ܴСӣҲѹʹĺӣǱԱѧϰ
½ǫûȺɫ԰׵ţǴһ
Ȼ½ǫȥϿΣ½ǽ߸һȥ߿ʱչһ½ǫ
ʵ½ǵ½ǫһ˸İ˳ţԷһǻզ졣
½ǫҲһţߺ½ദģʽΣڼҵʱ򻹺ãڼҵʱһܲڡ
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ֻʱǸһѻＷһǳΣиӵҵͷϣͷˣԳɿ󣬻˵жд򣬵Գɲû˸˿ڡ
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½ǫ֣ⱲӶԸɿˡ
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ͺԽ֮ǰһԽǰʮˣûиκ̸ûԼϲģԸһӡ
һǮDûкɫǮD˸򹷵ĳƺΪǮDĵһӡ󲻺ã׿ƫǮDҲǸֳ黹ִżҵˣ㡣
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41 
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һԵԭԱǵĥīæȴˡ
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߸оЩ˵˵ĻҪȤֶϲüѧ˲ٵ֪ʶ
ԭǻעʱģ̫Ըˣ¿ˣһ̧ͷ춼ˣʲôʱϵûз֡
ߵЩ죬һǲԸŮģžǡ
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ߺĽ½ǫҲͺˡ
᲻òڣ½ǫʱ̹עߣ߽˷䣬֮ûˣȻñ滹ְ
ûб߸ı䣬ǿܲͬĻߺۡ
ڵĻͬӴ˲ͬǱĬ߷ı䡣
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ղŸһˣ⣬佱ˣ½ǫ᲻᲻ˣ
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Уһżﻰ˵ˣ֮ĹĵĲ½ǫˡ
½ǫû뵽ԼһЦ߸ˡ
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ǮDͷԣЩҪЩɻСõģǵֽۣȷʵԲһЩ
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е̫ˣŮõĶÿͼкܶ࣬һġ
ǮD˵ó½ǫĸ׵Ļ񣬡ܰӡ棬˶òͺˡ
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½ǫǰѧ鷨ѧ١ȭȵȵȣһֱȫš
ѧϰǿܹ˾ʱʱԣȫ򾭼ööְֵĺѶƲˣҲǿҧͦ˺ö꣬˾䲻ʱ򣬵ҲһĴҵ
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Ļʱټ˲;ˣҲӵĳˡ


42 
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ȴʧȥˣ˺һһ򿪾ᣬһƵļʻ
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ǻϵǻĵһ꣬Ȳ£Щ¸صϳȢǵŮŮʺ֮λҲ˱ˡ
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43 
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һڼǺŵƣֻܿһµһţʲôô
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˵̫е߶ҷǺ߻սʤǣ½ǫϨ˰ɡ
Ϩ𣿡½ǫս۵С˵һϴ裬ӻվҲվ϶Ҫ˰æǽƯСɣ˴ô죿
߱ĻסˣӸԼҲù˿ǿ
֪ˣ˿ʲôġ
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ҲС½ǫؼǰڴеֵصʱ򻹻ŰӣҲСĿΣЩ˵İûʲôÿģЩġ
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һˮһߴ걳Ϊ顣
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С̫崿ˡ

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ǻ¶ˣڼ죬ԺҪﻹҪ˵ģڼû컹ǳˡ
һŲ˵Ǹ½ǫûһɵˣӣ˲Ǯȥ϶飬һλķӿУѧ
ǰϻ¿ϴСƶǷһ͵ġ
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44 
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ϼҸĸһ㶼Ŵ˵ĻǸɵôͻȻ֮ˣ׬Ǯˣ
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뵽ǰܵÿγǺ«ԣǰŲҪԼǺ«óȥǷҵģԽ򡣡
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˵ܱܵ˸ˣԺʮòã
ܵһùǺ«УҪһٸ
Ϊ˺˵úúãԺһٸ
ܻܵ㣬ָߣ
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Ҳܹ˵׼ĸ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣôҪǰѸ޸Ǽ½ǫܻվ⣿
ΧҲѾΧһȦֵˣָָġ
ǲǶ½ǫһָָ㣬Ƕϼָ㡣
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ֻ߲֪ΪǾļȢû뵽ﻹ˵ֻ
ȻϱӣԼҴܲˣ͵͵ܻعңΪܳΪıܷۣȴǵְͻԼҡ
ΪʲôǸطֻܵʹ࣬˶ã˵ԼҴȥġ
ǵȴȥ˵ܿҲ˵ϱӻⱲġ
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46 
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½ǫ̧ߵͷ࣬Ժһᰮ㡢㡢϶㡢㵱ı
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ߺ±˶Լ𣬸Լ䲻ϱ˵ĺãʲôƾʲôҪôõ½ǫá
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ѵͲõôԺǵĺǸҲ𣿡½ǫ֪߲ᡣ
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;ҪкӣһҪЩûӵйĶǣϸ룬εһУ½ǫˡ
½ǫ˵Ҫ䱦Ҫػһӣѵ½ǫ͸ô
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һƯѧԤѽ-ôô-л2022-03-21 20:18:46-2022-03-22 22:56:22ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


47 
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½ǫһ, ̲סЦЦ㻹ǸأҪôż
㲻𣿡ߺòһΣͱ½ǫܾ, ½ǫЦ, оǳû, ;ߣȴ½ǫ
½ǫ, Ҳ½ǫĴţߣȴӲеˣǺ¡
С, Ϊʲôң˵⻰ʱ嶼ڷҲ, ǰ˵ʱͻַӦ, ½ǫһʱ䣬ƽĸ˽̸ˡ
, Щǫ̃˵, ˵ʵ̫ˡ
Сϧ㡣½ǫ֪ʮˣʮˣͶӦǼӵˣִ, ʮ˷ϵĶһѡ
ҲǶû, ôƯС˯Ա, ˭˲ݺݵ۸۸
ߵ̫С, ССһֻһϺӿҪˣٽ˵
½ǫߵģ̲ס˴꣬ڴӦˣ𣿡
ңΪʲô˶ңҲ˵Ͱ͵ģٸ½ǫ⣬ܳԽ͡
½ǫָָԼ죺һ£ĵ
⻰ëһɴ۾ˣ£Ǹô
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Ϊ½ǫŻǰ˭֪½ǫˡ
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ֻһǶѣ߾͸оԼ·Ҫ½ǫƵġ
ȶˣֻŽ̲ס˼£Ҫ½ǫϣ½ǫſҪܲסˡ
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½ǫɳˣ֪ʶôǿʵһνǵľûС
ղôߣǴС˵ѧļɣҲ֪׼׼ЧŻͦá
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֮󣬾͸Ͻ㵽һȥˡ
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ǵĸоȷʵǰ˽ǣˮͦĵġ
һݣԱվһºȻǣôСĿռ½ǫŵǵĿˮζˣһʯζŻ
ԽӰҲôû̸һԭ򣬿ɸղսߵʱŵߵģղųǺ«ġ
СɹȻʲôãСͶģ˲ԽǵӰ

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һҲԭΪ߼޵ԼңԺǾܸԼҳĺģ˭֪֮Լ˾ͱ˸
˵ǸųĺˣȥǮᱻԼ䳰ȷһ˵ôˣҲ˷ʳǵˡ
߱Լ˴ܻ֮ԳɹһҶˣ߸һؼңǾ̰߸ͻȥˡ
һ½ǫҪǶǺģǿ϶ͻ½ǫҪ½Ҽҵ׶Ϳ˲С
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ֻϷٺʣĹһ壬ǲԭ壬滷ɽ˵ɽǱһңǸԭ
½ǫĵطǿϱߣûôϵĵطʵĳЩطƣҲԵ
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½ǫǵǰģǻоӽˮ½ǫоо֪֮ѧרҵ͸ëǮϵûС
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ֻ̫Ȼũ壬ҪֵزС
Խǰٳ˵ũĶƵҲͦģֻûлʱ䣬һпվһЩũȼ١
һԺϿƾ٣볯Ϊ٣ĻʲôھͿɡ
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½ԼҪɽȥɣԼۣ֪ˣȥ峤˵һС
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ԱţԼвУ˵Ұһȥڵأʵܻũġ
½ǫһɽǴɽƽ٣ط䲻ȣе˺üأе˼ֻһС飬ҲǴԭȫһֵأ˵ӶܺùһЩ
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ͷ棬֪½ǫôȥ
۾Ҳ޷ƽҲ޷ƽͷһǿҵĸоֲ֪ô磽⡣
ϴ½ǫԽǲƣö߶ûѧ
ĵȴԼƽ˰ʱңٴαˣ߻û˯ţ̱ս˫װ˯
½ǫԼ˻ΪѾģʽ
ߵߣСɣٴβƽˡ
̧Ĵ˴ߵͷ˿ϸ
ҹĲ˯ڴ߳Եһ˵ͷҪǷڴԽǰ½ǫ϶Լ£Ҫ˵£Ҳ˵һ䣺̬
ͱɱ̬ˣһǸе۵ı̬
װ˯װĺۣ½ǫ˰ͷҲҶʵ̫ˣҪ˯ˣ½ǫЦһˣѵ½ǫװ˯
ҪҪ۾ľУ͸о½ǫ
ʵû۾Ҳܸоǹȶȣʱһģо½ǫĺϡ
ϸܣģܸܵ½ǫСģᣬ°һ
ߺϲ֣½ǫ䱦ĸоȻԼ䡣
½ǫĶͷһǣȻ½ǫϴ˯ˡ
˯ˣ½ǫĺƽ֮󣬲Ÿ̧ԼĶͷоġ

ʮ꣬ǿ½ǫ˼¨ȥϣ˵ȥˣʵ¨ǿյġ
ȥ֮ǰģʽȥͬҪҪһȥͬ˵æȥɡ
½ǫߺ½һȥϻͭǮȥ¹ӣ˶ٺõġ
֮ǰ߸½ǫԹһΣ룬ҪĸһȥͺˣȻиУһһˡ
½½ǫһˣĸ첲ˣܳԶ٣
֪Ǯˣ½ɲϰ߻ǮҾݵҲ㣬ȥԼ
ǳԵָ֮̾Ĳ˹ȻһǱԼͷĺóԡ
ǻȥ֮󣬴˶Ǯ
½ǫ˵˲ǮĽģмʵģ˵Ựġ
½ǫ峤·ܹȥ峤˵ԼҪɽ£˵˰æڣÿʮǮ
ʮǮ˵಻˵ٲ٣Ǵкöرˣղǻʵĺ޲ȥ½ǫ͵ǮʮǮ۾Źˡ
峤ü˵С½ˣɽôʳҶôˣһȰ׬ǮףĺóԺôġ
ҲȰɽϲֶʵʵĶɣ㲻˸رô
С½ȰȰɣһǮˡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


48 
ƲסҪס
ܶ˾쿪, Щ궼һǳԵ˼ȴ뷨ܺá
Ҫ½ǫ˵ģɽʳҲһ飬Ҳܶճɡ
ǲܵ, Ҳ׬Ǯꡣ
һ½ǫʲôʱڵ,ҪȻ͹ǰ⼸ڰ, ùˣ˵ʱ䡣
½ǫԭǲǰ, Ź꣬ŰҰˮֵ֮ڡ
һ¾Ϳʼ֣·ճɣȻֵڶʮճ, ֮Ϣ͹ꡣ
ڴһǰͰˣҲˮ, ԴĻһЩ
ͷ,Ǿ쿪ʼɣ˭߱
峤˵峤, Ҫس, ôһһȥɽɣɽҲǿţôҶܳԱӡ
峤ЦҡͷǴ￿ֵػ, ӹȥļﶼС, Ьѡ֮֯, ֻ½, Ǵ峤ߴ˵뷨ǸƫֵأҪ㹻ĵؿ֣˭ȥæµС
½ǫ뷨̫ˣ峤֪Ȱܵİ˰֣УҪܹĵȫлл㡣
Χ۵Ⱥ﷢һЦԣҪɽֳʳҲлл㣬ȫҶлл㡣
½ǫûǣǸ峤˵ʱͷ峤һ£ƽ䣬˭ҵĵضˣ˭ҵĵˣôҴ
ڶ죬½ǫͼֽˣѡһƽһЩɽ£滮˳ߴ硢λãڵķԼԱ߻Ҫһ̨׿Է¡
ʼû̫࣬飬ÿһԼʮƽףʮˣˣŪر
½ԱЦΪҪڸĶسŪôһ㣬һĶضûС
½ǫСǳ⣬̫ĵطǼҲֲǶĶһھ͹æһӣٶҪˡ
½ǫܴоЩеõȤҲǮЩǮ͹һˡ
Ҫǳɹˣ˶ԣ
Ǽæ˼ҿںõоҲܳɡ
иϺܹ½ǫⷨӴĿģ׼ֳʳ𣿡
½ǫ̫һʧ˲á
Ҫֱ˵ˣϺܲԽǲҴţԽǾǸ÷ӡ
½ǫ֮ǰ׬˲Ǯֱһˣİ취϶ãϺһҧҼҲŪôһ飬ŪôֵʱҲиӦ
а²ø峤˵ôڡ½ǫʣµǼңǣҪŪҲ⸽ڼԣԼҵĵأҿɲǮ
ǲҳԼǼһæһ½ǫǼҵĵһ顣
½ǫǼæŷ֣˼ά˵ϰкܴĲͬæǲǮģԶٷ´α˼£һҲշѵĹȥæ
½ǫԽǰľǮ£Ҳнģ󲿷˶ҲæҲ鷳ҵ̬ԸǮҲǷ顣
½ǫϷСһЩԽ¾ͻڵԽһЩ
δˮվɽ¿Ѿͦôˡ
Ǻܹ峤˿½ǫ˵ҪܳɣǴĴˡ
Ǽ죬½źˣȫҸңһڼ
߹½ǫԽǰĹϰ߲ͬһһ磬½߳Űꡣ
ֻ߲Ǹݰ꣬ǰҰȥҪȻ󰤼Ұðݵˡ
½ڼҵȥǼҰ꣬ñȥ˸ա
Ҳô񣬾ȥ˼˵ļ黰Ϥľ˼ҼԵӺȵ뿪
ֻݻߵϵܺõ˼ʱŴ
һ½ǫܶˣǰܲõʱ򣬶Ǳͽ绰ġŵġͶģһһѵܰҲø˭ɫ
ȴҪ߰ȫ嶼һ飬ߣ۲ۣҪȻǻȥ͸˵ȫȥˣ
ҡͷеģȥ˭ңǶܼǵõģȻǾͻȥǱ˵ǵл
½ǫ̾˿ӿڴͳһߵԿһ£Ǽӿȣһȥ
˿˿ǿߵĿǻڻ룬Ƕûб½ǫ
ʱ̫ˣҲûٸ½ǫ׹ˡ
ȷе˵Ǵ׹һ֮󣬾Ҳû׹
߾ε½ǫĸоǳʣ½ǫԸкǿǲͬ
Ҳ˼½ǫ˵ٸһΣ˺þҲûȵ½ǫ½ǫˡ
ţһ̧ͷͿ˵͵ܵܣѸٵĶ½ǫ󣬻ס½ǫӡ
½ǫߵԼ󣬵һڡ
ڼ½ǫ֮ǰ϶һһڱԹĸȻȥǰ꣬Ҳ
Ǽ½ǫ֮󣬾ŵˣ½ǫݺݵصǣҲ˲϶ˣͷܡ
½ǫҸʲôˣ
˿Թ޸ĸ͵ܵܣֻϣⱲӶҪټˡ
û£ˡ½ǫǣסߵ֣Ҳ߰ɡ
ߺĵͷ룬´£ԲҪ˵Ķڷˡ
꣬ȥ½ǫóֽд˸߲˿ֽд֣ҽ̹㣬ǵðɡ
ʣǵãôҪ飬Ҫ𣿡
һͲң֮ǰӲԼˣ˾½ǫ˼ֽдɣֽܹ
ɶ¶ԱԼá
Ҳһűʣû±ʡ
½ǫдԱ߸ͣߣǼģдĸ֣һ궼иġ
½һ顣
ҲǼģһ֣һ궼и½ǫ½˵
½˴ԼϵļƤ񣬡Լɣȥ
½ǫ߼ͣļаѸָдˡ
д֮߾˿дĻ
һ˿˿С
½ǫͷ¶С飬֮ó
ûùʣٵֽϽߵı黭
߷ڻԼΣֽˣ½ǫĻĺܺÿûоӣȥӱҲոţ½ǫȻǼʻǰ̬ץĺܽ
һ̫ÿˡߺֱŤ˵
һĻ֮һ½ǫʶǼҺûоӣ´ȥϣãԵҵ۾￴ĵӰ
½ǫ˵ŴսһʶһСǺܿ죬ĵذ˻ȥһСջˡ
еڴ˴յô½ǫ᲻ᡭ᲻
߿ŶԷ۾ͫ￴ԼĵӰЩ£½ǫ֪ʲô
½ǫǰ˵మ˶ӣ̲סнǵĳ嶯
ǰţˣʱ˿̣ƲסҪסߡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


49 
Ұ˼
ûŪꣿ˼Ҷˡ½Ŵ,֮ǰȫ˵ĶֶдģһһһһţдĿɿˣһʱܰȫĶд, ŷѧ˰, 
½ǫ⻰, عѸٵתͷ
߸˺һ, һƨϡ
½ǫ溰˾䣬˵ôҰдĶôأԭǴżġ
½ǫ˿Ŀ⣬̲סЦ˳, ЦߣЦԼ, û뵽, ȻҲΪ˶һ۾Խ
߱½һɤӸŵˣֺ, ǿ½ǫЦ, Ҳ̲סЦ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôЦƲס
Ŷ͸ȥſ⻹ͷһθżһ
ǹڵʱ򣬶µʱ, ҵʱǸĸܵһ, ǼıԵ, ޵ԼʱҲһ, һ֣¹µģԲ
ȴҲˣŵĸֻԼдء
½˾ͽȥԷ췹ϵĲʮַʢһֻһֻ㣬мˣը˸ӡ
ôʢĲˣ˵ǰˣ½ǫ춼ûôʢ
½óһС̳Լľƣ½ǫһֿ˿ߣ½ǫһ£Сӣȵġ
½ǫóһƯӣߵЩ簾̲裬滹飬
ûȹƣһԳŵζܶģͻᷴθֶ
ղ½Ƶʱﻹһ£½ǫסˡ
֮ǰȹ̲裬˿˿ģҲóԣΪ̲裬½ǫס죬ؼ֮ڴ´½ǫȥǡ
û뵽½ǫҲⶫ׼޸һôķôʲôᡣ
½½ǫһ㣬üӺùࡣ
ߵıӣҲ㣬ѡǼңѡҶӣ˹
߸о޹½ǫͺֻһɺϣ˼ץץͷҲûʲô
½ǫóֽһݸ½һݸߡ
½ǫǸǸߵѹǮµһǶơ
½Ҳͳ˼ǮǵѹǮ굱٣׬ĸࡣ
½ǫЦ˵
һԵǸ½ǫݸСȻСŵĶͭǮӡ
ͷģкüӡ
ǰߴûǮҲûлǮǮʱе㺦£øңҲûеط
½ǫҲҪѹǮԺÿһҪ㻨Ǯ
ôСߺµİǮ½ǫǱƣ½ǫİ
ǰ׸ģϰôǮ½ǫ˵Ժȥ٣ܼҵ¾͵ýǮûҲ֪ôǮʱôܼң
߸ˣ˵ôҹܼңӦĸܡ
Ҳܡ½½ǫվһսϣǫٵʱû׼ˣѧѧŵ㡣
ôûģ꣬½ǫȻţҾܿϣ״ԪҲ֮̽ġ
½һڵľƣаһ㶼
˵֮־Լ⻰˵Ĳԣ½ǫͲģô
½ǫȻҲ뵽һ㣬½˵ӣȻ㣬ûںѡ
˵Լûˣˣٺȵ㡣½½ǫĻ̹оôû׷ѣ⺢Ӷ¡
ĺĸͷȾƣһڡ
δġܹڣлķݡ
½ǫһ֪ˣԭϻ˰ġ
˽Ʋеȴ䱦һ۰
ԱĶҡ˼֣ѵΪԼãΪ˲á
ǵܵܲãԳһҲãá

ԷԵеã½ǫԺŪ˸СУԹ֮½ǫȥͷһۣҡ
½ƺ󾢻ͦ½ǫͷΣط˯ȥˡ
߸ŻݣûȾƣҲô
Ÿղ½ǫĺǰǮ
мСӣСĶУûǮֻͭǮжء
СﵹһСֽ½ǫĵıע
Ǯ㣬Ұ˼
󻹻һСģôֱ׵ĸףࡣ
ֱֽ
½ǫ˵ҪѧŹǮԺÿ¶Ҫ㻨ǮǮ֪¶ˣ±ȥ
˷֮ǰǿСǶ˳
ӻңңڣ鲼ǰãڹǶѣϴӱǶĲϺ̫ˣԺ϶ܸӴôֲڵĲˡ
߾ÿ԰ĳһɰǮá
ڴģϰײܶߣֻǿǶӰ棬ӰȥǸԼ½ǫдֽһ𵱳ɱƵİ˽ȥ
˿ﶼòȫϴǸСԼͷ¡
Ǯ½ǫûѣ춼ûڣҲ¿½ǫԱߡ
½ǫůůģѱﶼȺˣͺڱ˸¯Ƶġ
ǰ庮ֽű½ǫ֮ÿϱ¯ţֽűë˲١
ѵʱ½ǫϴգ˯֮ͿƲסıס½ǫȶ½ǫϡ
½ǫʱ򣬾Ϳ˸Сɡ
½ǫûгĻһ£ŵ´ȥˡ
׼ӣʮΪԽӣûнӣҲвƽ棬涼ˡ
ͷİ׶ͦ󣬴˲ԣǴûйԽӵϰס
½ǫԽǰǱˣһóԽӣ֮ǰиϷѣ˵Ǳ߹ͲԽӣԲ
ڵԲԣҲ⣬Ǵ̫ˣһƽʱܳԱˡ
ʱȶллˣ˵ʲôˣҲûɶʽС
½ǫ˵ӣ½Ա߿ţ뿴˵ʲô
½ǰû棬½ǫһİһС棬۵ĲˣСĵİһСŻ
ҺߦƤڰɣ½ǫ֮ǰЩ⣬׼ڵģԽ֮󼸺ˣģȻóڵĽӣȰҰ飬
½ȥ⣬⻹ȥƳ½ǫҪô
ܿ죬½Ϳ½ǫڰһ棬ۻˣǸܼӡ
棬ߦƤʱڰϡ½ǫա
½½ǫ棬гһСһСģߦȰЩСԲߦһСԲͦġ
½Ȼһ£ⶼǴѧģû棬ǰҲûӣôĥģ
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½ǫˣˣڸˡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


50 
и
Щǡ½ǫ˵Ͽ, ӵʱ½ﻹǲʶֵģҪ˵ϿýΪʲôʶˡ
룬׼һŵĹ, Ŵɶš
ʵ½ǫ̾˿, Щ˸е˵֮ǰҲǵˮ, ˺һӣʵǿǻԲ, ʵҵĻ뿪ҵ壬κߵһլſڣиƯŮ˽סң˵Ķӡ
½ǺԥľˣҶֹ񰡵ĻǳȤ,ȷʵúƯ, ˵ʲôˣ
½ǫࣺȻͰҽеǴլ, լﻹиҳһģһˣ˵, ߵʱ, ҲԸֿһȥ˼ҲŻǸɵӡ
ԣ˶ǣһ, ȻǸɵ,½סĵͷ, ڵֶ,㻹ʲôˣ
Ǳߺܺڣ䣬źܻ߶ֽС˷̣ڵµ˸£һЩͶ̥Ů½ǫԼ©Ͻס˵£Ǳסһӣᣬӡһӣҽ˺ööණԼǸ̸ҵģ˵һһҪȥ
û𣿡½һþ棬һޣǸŮҲ࣬ӻôСˣ
½Ȼûӣȴ½ǫԼӣᵽһĸʧȥжôʹࡣҪܻ½ǫԼߣصˡ
תһ룬ҲúԸ½ǫҲҪ½ǫص˼䡣
½ǫҡͷ˵ϣܺúõģǸڽҵĻȫˣһʹˡ
½סģۿ˵һǳˣȥɽϸյֽɣӣҲһݹȥ
˵ʱ򣬹վͷ
ԭ꣬ҹ̫ˣ½Ҿһڣ϶иꡣ
ƽʱȥ˼Ҵûŵϰߣ½ҵԺҲûйϣֱӽˡ
ͷţ߹ȥδţ˵⹴ĺģſһ䡣
һ˲ð֮ǰ֪½ǫǱ½ģ½ǫ˵ڵظ˹٣һʳ
Ҫ½ǫԼ˵ģɵǹ˵Ǿʹɫˣ϶ܳɡ
ﶼûüֱܻ꣬ؼңż˺һǰѸղŵЩѧһ顣
˵Եʱ򻹻ͼӴף˵ǽһիû˵˼
ҵҲǱˣˣ⻰ҲˣУôõ²һҶҲȥ
УȹǾȥҴ峤˵һ
Ǹ治סˣϸԼ˵ˣƹ˼ȫ˶֪ˡ

˯ѵʱ춼ˣڱһŷӦ
æĴӴץץͷôʣһˣ˯˶ˣ
·ЬӣܳȥʱŵһζһѾˡ
½ǫ˯ѵСɣͷЩҺģϻ죬дЩԺĿɰ
ȥͷϴϴ֣Խӡ½ǫк
ӣû˵ʲôӣǿһֺĽӣ̲ס̿ˮ
ɿܹȥͷϴ֣ٻʱѾ̽ӣҲںˡ
һȥɽϸǫյֽ½ߣ㺦²ڼǡ
һȥɡ߾һڼҲͦµģŷǡ
½ǫﵹЩףһһӣһͭ壬ǳԵʱСһ㣬ѵ
ΪʲôҪǮ棿ߺʡ
˭ԵǮһӣ˭һи½ǫصգգ۾˭иɡ
߾Ǹ˿϶ԼǸӣֻҧһ룬֭ҧͷ
ԭΪǰģʵĵİ棬ǰ涼ûгԹϸϸ۵ĿڸУ˵Ѿѵõζˣû뵽ͷôһӡ
ӸƽʱԵӲһǰ½ӻЩЩɡ
ȴ۶֭ѵΪһƤͷŻζ
һξķˡ
ƽʱԷ˹˹ģ±ĸǽԵȴе㼱˲ˡ
һŻعֲķ¿ӣҳԵǲ̫ˡ
ųСè½ǫϽٸҳԶʮҸš
߻ǰʲôóԵĶǸĸ͵ܵܵġ
ȥԼҵʱҲǣĺóԵĶԳɵģֲһڡ
ôóԵĶӦøĸͷԣζˡ
̫óˣŲ¿ӡ
һӲҧҧ˸³һһöͭǮ
ϣ½һɤӣǼиߣֲü޽ǼԽԽˡ
иôء߲ͣذ֣ͭǮ½ǫͷиӦǷŶԡ
½ǫӹǸͭǮȥˮɾͣϸϸĲɾӴ
öͭǮߵϣһ궼кˡ
߲ҴҪժ½ǫ½ǫȴ˵ժժ֮Ͳˡ
ϵͭǮûժȥ
½ǫչҪѸָһЩ;
ߺ˼ˣһ½ǫС˵ĸء
½һ𣬼ֱûۿ
Ҳ߳ԳͭǮͦõģһΪ߻˺ӣ˺һӷߵĶӻƽģ֪Լ̫ˡ
һӣߵĶҲûж½̫ûΪ岻УЦһɵӲᡣ
Ҽ˿ʵ̫ˣҪܶСŮͺˣҲУһƯƯģǸкóޣԺǼҵСóޡ
ﻹãܼ޸һЩ˼ҵޣõҲܼ޸ԳǮһЩ˼ҵޡ
½˵ЩĹǶȢޣֻøС檡
Ժ½ǫдϢģԺ󲻻һֱСɽҲ֪ǵ˻Ρ
½̲סһ£ߺ½ǫԵĲˣ½ǫһ̽ӣȥЩ֮ǰԪһͬһС䣬ഩһɽȥ
½ǫŵ½ӣ߸һͬɽߡ
½ǫẦ£֣ˡ
ԭͦµģס½ǫ֣ͻúܶࡣ
֪һķκεħܳᱻķܡ
һӣڵɽϣһ·أĹûУѾ½ܸõˡ
½ĹƷͳ½ǫĸͷҲһͷ
½һ˵ĶӳˣҲȢ˷ɣĺܺã㲻ˡ
½ǫͷʱ򣬷һЩԾĵطΧǱ˽ڿ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


51 
Ⱳ˽һ
½ϵ, Ϊˣ밲ο½ǫ˵ڿ
½ôҲڿ
, ûй, ڡ½ǫκҪ, ڷء
½ǫϵ½˵ķ, һ˰ˡ
½һ𾪣ƿڴ˭ôɥģ£
½Ҳ¿ϵȷʵ֣ŷһȦ˼ӡ,ƽʱ˹ѵڷص, , һֵǮĶûС
½ǫüƬ̣һԳɼȺ, ǲϹɽɽ֮ҹ, Ϊߵ̫̫û˷ʲôʱ뿪ģ
½ͷҲ£סڴͷĹ˵ҹ֣˺̧˸뿪, ˲Գɼҵ, ҲвɽЩزȥ, ɽ˵Ҳҩ, ôʱôڳôһӡ
½ӶԼɵӲźһٳ£˼Щǰˣ
½ǫҲùԳɼ£;ԳɱթƭŻƭˣЦһȻ¡
ѵȺϴˣԳðĺӣ½ǫ÷ǳпܣȻΪʲôҪڷأߣ׵Ľ
½ľԼͷҵɽôûͷأ˭뵽ǳɽϵһ·ģ֪͸øǣڲǣҲ׵ϡ
⻰ǳǳĻţһεˣȻ֪˾ǻϡ
ԭԳǼٻӣ½ǫĻӣ
ŵȶڷǸӦø½ǫȴңĺظϱӵ
½ǫ˻ӣҲٴμϣٴα½ǫȢЩŹŮ
߾½ǫ˵ƯǾиƯŮˣŮܸڽӴԼһԶк½ǫѡĻᣬ϶Գһѡɡ
½ǫ룬㵱½ԳɣҲ׵뿪ֹǸ˰ߡ
ǸǸȻܰƵϣһǸĺ֮ˣһɽСũܶԿ˵ģ˵׼ǿаߡ
ĴǶԵģǿվһĸ߶ȣܶԿˡ
ˣ˭õ˴ҹɽڷصġ½ǫ룬ڵϰֽˣȻпܲˣߣյֽҲԷյ
½ǫ֪ԼʲôʱҲôˣҲţһֻ
ǸŮˣһ̱Զ뿪磬ʵ磬Ƕûм棬½ǫȴãһֱػš
ʵУԼõ˵İ½ǫһֱҲúñ
߲ͷ½ǫ½ǫȦ죬⻹ߵһο½ǫۡ
ס֣ţ½ǫڣһֱڡ
ܸ½ǫ׵ǻϣⱲ˽һʧȥ½ǫ
ﰲοԼԼ½ǫ˵ˣ½ǫĻһ½ǫô֪˾ǻϵģһֱڴôϳ˭ǻϣѵҪ˵Լһ½ǫţ
ڶһ磬½ǫȥɽϰѷڿȻˣ½ǫһԾĵطǸӡ
Գһ뿪ʱǼǰˣӡܱôʱ䣿
µģѵ˻
½ǫȷԳһðǸ׵ȥȥˡ
½ǫµûдϴ뿪ʱȷʵûнϡ
ǺԳﲻģ˻ϵġ
Գһð½ǫȥ˾Գɻ˻ӣϺܳ谮үסٻ˼ǶҪͽᡣ
һҳϳ˻֮ˣпԺϻѻλԳɡ
õԽ࣬ǾԽĻţһһ죬Ϸ࣬϶ɱǣû׼ȫٴ
Գϼҵ͵͵ѷظϣŪǰӣñ½ǫһҷ֡
ʵԳﻹƻɱ½ǫһңھǻûվȽŸ֪˭æɱˣϼҵݸҶɱˡ
һ½͸Լйأһ½ǫ׵ˣ½ǫһķɳ˹Ѹԭ½Ҹ½һ
ԼҸһǮ½ɱˣʼҶ֡
ʱ˸ãһֱȰǮɱˣɱ֮Ǯȥһûʶǵĵطң
õĹƻ֮£ģհ½ɱˣɱ֮һˡ
һ½ǫûԼҲߣԼûзɱ½ǫһңֻʱûа취ѡ

½ǫ¹ڣȴһйĶûУ׵Ļ񣬻дһƪ׷ģһͬŵһǸط
֪һϣҪߣһὫӻΪһиۡ½ǫֽǮոɾΧɨһ£ɽˡ
صҵʱ½ڳ½ó庢Ӹ˵ΨһǸóԵġ
֣½ǫʱѾд˺öˡ
⼸ûѧµ֣ǰѧָϰһ顣
½ǫƽһ飬ߵԱߣ§סߵļ磬ôڷܣ
ߵͷǳ˵ʱҪɻȻæһꡣҾ룬Ҫҹʱд֣ǲǾдһ֣
˵˽ϰ֣Ѳ㻹һᷴڣ½ǫסߣֽдһִ֣֣֮ϡ
½ǫдԣյ߶Ⱦһ㱡졣
û仰ԭԼӦģȴ仰˼
仰һˮ䵽ˮϣﵴһȦȦ
仰׾ѧһдһ顣
Ҫ½ǫһӣֱ֪½ǫҪΪֹ
һ磬춼û½Ͱӽǿ㴩·һҡ
ǰ½ȥҪ·ȻǸڴ壬ҲҪһ硣
βͬˣ¿һһʱ͵ˡ
½ĵǰˣﻹڣ磬ɩɩɩŮޣɩһһк
ŮѾ׼ˣɩҵĸҲˣǸкҲȢޣһʮŮһк
ûּң½ǫ˾һҺסһ飬޵Ů޺͸Ҳŷͺǹˣһֵġ
½½ǫ߽ݵʱ򣬿ľӵˡ
м׷Ϸ֣СһЩĺӱ˱ţﻹͷ̫ˣƤʵ֦
½ϽкСûˣ׳ʵ˲١
ǶӰɣֳˣˣ
½ǫͷ˵׻ͺˣһֱ˵̫æ벻ˣһֱûⲻǹˣ͹ˡ
һԵĴ辪ȵĿ˵˵ôôˣһ㶼ɵˡ
½ôԸԱ˵ҶӴѲ˲ɵˣ˲٣ⲻ׬Ǯ͸˸¿ȥ϶ء
˰һɵܶʲô飿һһ߰ĺӳ½ǫ˵ϻʶôĸӣһСӶ硣
С½ǫĺӣﾭǰ߶½ǫǸɵӡ
ǰ½ǫʱҲɵģ˵仰ҪˮСӿ½ǫ
˨˾˳µСӺһ䣬ʵƽʱ˽Ҳ½ǫɵӣд˨˵ˣֻ´˨˵ЩǴ˽̵ģǶû
Ǹд˨ĺȴԼһˣ½ǫ½ǫ
Ĵ˶ܣﶼһԿţ⿴źӸ½ǫѿ
˨ֻǸӣҪ½ǫ½ˣǾһ˸Ӽƽϣ˵Ļ½½ǫ
СҲܹվڴ˨ƽʱǼСĶѴ˨ϴǸŴ˨һ½ǫﺰţɵӡɵӡ
½ǫ̫ˣĸʲУӾͻᣬ˶ôа
Щ½ǫ˭ż½ǫίԭ½ǫļҲǸܵһˡ
վ½ǫǰͷǼСӱˣȴ½ǫһ£
½ǫҲøЩСӼƽϣҲüС۸Ǹд˨ĺӣȻ飬ҿ㡣
˨мһɵӣܿң
ҪһɵӿⶼǲǱɵӻɵӣҪܴ
͵СкʤǿһԾԾԵҪ½ǫԱԡ
½ǫ˵˸ʫ䣬ֻ˵ϰ䣬°䡣
СкˣȻûѧʫǾ½ǫӡ
˨߬С֣ϳԼˣںһ仰˭֪ļٵģʫأҶû
ûǲڣ½ǫͷܺãСѧʲô
־㶮𣿡˨
ãҾͿ־½ǫ˸мλã˵Ͼ䣬¾䣬ߺʲôߺʲô
˨ÿζǴͷβҲ˼֪Ӳ½ǫûͷʼʣ˨Ӿˣָͷһ
½ǫ㵽ʲôʱ򰡣ѵҪȵǵСţ
½ǫ˵ֿ˨һۣ˵ʶ־ɵӣ˨ӣʶʶҲǸɵӣ
˨˵ֱޣ½ǫ˵ǸɵӣӿǿС赽Ķӣôܱɵأ½ǫӸǿˣ̻øҪˡ
ˡȥӣ˼Сúò״źһˣǾͱ۸ˣЪᣬһԷ
ղźôɵӵʱȫ˶ڿţҲֹ½ǫղźӶǵ̬ȣ֪˶ʲô̬ˡ
½˵ǰܱƲҪЩüƵ
뵽Щ½ǫ½
½ӦǴСͱƲ𣬿ǼԽƲԽ֤Լúã½ǫòܡ
ûǮʱЩݻƲǮˣǾռˡ
½ǫ̫࣬󲿷ֶ˳ϣֻһС֣½˵Ѷù½ǫûǸҪˡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


52 
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½ǫߵǱ, һѵݸţָģ˺ܾá
ְǷָ˾ˣϴξ˾ʱæԳɸϳȥıꡣ
ǲԷ, ȥˡ½ǫһ˵, ߳ȥˡ
½ղҲͦ, ½ǫһȥˡ
Ǿˡ½Ϊ½ǫǱһС, ﲻ˵Ҫ뿪
Ժٻˡ½ǫ۵Ķ½˵Ǹ䲻ǵĺá
ô˵Ҳǵݣ½̾˿˾ǺŻģǾô, Ժ˺ˡ
˺˺ɣ໥, Ʋǵʱ, ôû˺ÿҪǸղ뿪˺ҳЦҵʱ, Ѿ˺, ȽĻºࡣ½ס½ְ֣ߵ˵һ𣬡, , һ, Ӧûˡ
½γ֪, ǰ֮ǰԵܵǸãɩӽ֮Ҳ
׼޵ǸɩӸܵģ֮ǰ˵컨׹޹ȥ֮ŷǸóˣֻǴ򲻹½ȥȾƣûþͰԼˡ
½ס
ʱǸʮСǳ־塣
ܻؼ֮ȴɩǳЦ˵˷ҪؼңһѼ˶ô죿
ʱܵܺ͵ҲȰȥɣһѸؼסÿ˿Ц
ڼס˼죬ÿ춼ɩӳ˵û£˻ҪؼסڼҲԲȣ֮ǰӶûС
ʱ½ܲˣȥˣʱҪ֤˿һҲܹĺܺá
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½˵ǰйһѸļ˰ѵظˣˣļåǼåӾˣʹѸˡ
˵һϿǸѸɽҲû˼
½Ҳ¹ԼǸѸӣֻǿԼ˭һҵصģȥͰ˸ˡ
ԷһˣᣬæҲˣ᲻ͰǼ˵ĺӸˣüҵĺӳ涼ʱСӶҳţи˵ȶˣȻǮˣ˭Ҳ۸
ʱ˭۸ǿøһˣǵǶࡣ
û鷳ʼѼֵأѧӺùһЩ
ڣǱɩǳٺùʲôãҲûӣ׬Ǯֶǻһ˹ĿͿ㣬ֶǲ½ҵĺùĺһЩܵܺ͵ǲ
½Щúܲؼҵʱû˰ɼˡ
ǸҪǮʱ½һˣø½ҵĺǻǮԸԼܿҲøֶǻǮΪʲô
ŮˣСͱ˼룬½ôҲǶԵģ˼ҲôĺԴȫкӡ
ں½ǫԼ׬Ǯ½ǫϣȻÿĻԼֵصǮһ
½ǫ֮ȴȰѺˡ
һˣǮֶǻ
½Ҫ½ǫˣҲڵĺӡ
Ҵؼң׬ǮֵʳңҲ䳰ȷ˵߾ߵĵ
½һ·ȥ֮ҲͨˣҲûں᲻ΪʲôҪںû
ʲôݲݵģȥݣԺ˾ֻ½ǫ
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½ǫԭȥǱߣ½˵ڼҲû£ȥǱߣԷ񣬿˼Ҽûʲôæĵطæ
һ꣬ͷҲûиˣ϶¹µģΪӣӦùȥ
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ңǮDҲڡ
ǮDҲǹ¼ҹһϵǻ֮Ҳᵽ˾ˣֻϼҡ
ƽʱãÿֵʱ򣬼ʹףôˣٲⱲӶȥˡ
ķǰǳȥһ⣬һȥҪܿ½ǫ͸ˡ
½ǫ¿ıӶˣأ
·ߣ½ǫԼҵ¿ҼlvĥԼ۱ȸߡ
¿ֽlvСë¿ͦɰÿα֣Ľл
ʲô·ޱǮDָָ¿ͷһμ˸¿֣ô֡
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ʲôСҦ˵ǮDĹĵʣʲô
ҼأóǿԵƬ̣ȥȡ
½ǫ߸ع½ȥع¸׼˾µĵĺ̲衣
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½ǫϲ°Ϳߣ㡣
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ǿƲסġ½ǫǮD˵磬סס˵𣿡
ǮDСҦҲ˵仰ֻ࣬ܳԵԼһЩ
ôȥôãøͲȥ𣿡ǮDԹ
һԵع½ͣλĶԼ棬׼ġ
ǮDᣬ͸һȴôණǲƽ
ع˵ȻǲͬģϾλһЩͳطˡ
ֹһӵʱ䣬ع»ˣﻹ˸LV
½ǫ۾һЩİ
ԣСĽǸϣʱϲģ۴ʲô·ҪţҵҲòһŮɫԵ
½ǫСʱ˵ĸһˣԭǱĸ״ߣ
ѵ˸ռ
½ǫմԽʱҲһԼûпռ䣬ǰ飬öǶǴһռ䣬ռɶУ㡣
ڴ˰ֶֻһƿ˵īˮƿһֱ֧ʣһʼǱ
īˮƿǲģвֱҲִģñϻǶһŴʯʼǱҲִʽġ
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ⲻļ֣ѧġ½ǫӢѧĻȫܿö¼ĸ顣
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


53 
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½ǫӵһҳ
˵ǰһ뻹ڲ, Ӥޣһ۾͵һİʱˣҹӾ˻ȥ, ϸϡ
һö, Ÿ, ˵ǴұСһֱ, ԽǰֻǸװƷɴԽŷ֣öʵһռ䣬ռﴢǰƷ
½ǫ⣬̧ͷ
һҳ¿ʱ, ǮD߶ڿ
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ᵽ壬ᵽ𣿡ǮDżĴչʣ˵ʲôˣ
½ǫͷᵽ, ˵
ǮDϲ,ռᵽ, ϲң
½ǫ
óһֽ, ֽϻʽö岻ϣ
½ǫҡͷڡ
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ǮD֪ЦʲôҲЦ
½ǫԳϿö壬½˵ʱﴩŵûκΣ˵ˡ
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½ǫ̾˿ǵһ½Ҳﲢ
ףǸ˺ġ
֮ǰᣬõ껪ΪһУˡ
ǮDôģȰȰֲ֪ôڣԱ߸ۡ
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½ǫһ£δ˽ʲôڲҲˣֻð֮ǰ½Ĺֽһ飬ͼɻء
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˵һ˾һϴҸҵˣ
ͻȻʣƬ̣Щҵ˴𰸣һ½ǫ˵Σ½ǫúܺãǰش
ͷ˵ãĸ߽һЩ͵ʣԣҲǻȥ½ǫˡ
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ʱҦ뿪ˣȴֶǿߣвҦΪߣమˣߵҲҦǰġ
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İٴߣγɹˣʱҦѾһּȿ־УȿһƽӦɽ֣Ӧ޸
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½ǫصĺⱾʼǣеƽһجħĽĸĥ
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½治һϴ˰֣ҲЪᣬһ֮֡
á½ǫô˵½ˣӿ˽ȣһôһƬ
ǰȥũ棬ǻǮģȷַԲԣ֮ǰΪ棬ǮνֽĿһ˵ĿҲ볢Լֳʲôζ½ô֡
ѧˣͲ½ۣ½֧ˡ
ԽԽ𾢣ʾûȥÿɺˡ
ϻȥ֮۵Ҫſڴ˯ž
ҪǰҵۻˣԺܸܲˣ½ǫһִһ߶ߡ
һ죬㣬㲻Ҫ˵ôĻ
߰ѵϨˣ۵Ĺȥ½ǫ죬ЪЪɣǰڼЩũ֪ôɣǰôˣһҲӰ첻ʲôɡ½ǫԱְ֪ͦᡣ
ʲôãƵģ½ǫֱЦ
ˣˣ½ǫ룬תͷ˫ѩ׵СѾǽָͷԲ󣬻͸ŷɫÿĽҪȻýŰҲȲȱ
ȣæ֣ǿɲУһȻô죿
ģôᣬСԡ½ǫΪͬ⣬ˡ
ûκιͶȣ߶Цˡ
ðɣԡվڴϣýĲһı𣿡
½ǫûܵʲô͸ܵߵĽĺﶼģܺ
˼ƮԶˣ۹ȣҲֻǿа뷨صϣõûôȲСĵģˤ
ͷһ£Ų̽ļӴЩо½ǫ̹Ҳͷˣ½ǫʹ
𣿡ʡ
ԣ⡣½ǫ˸Ĵָ
أ𣿡ʡ
ԣǳһ϶Ͳˡ½ǫ߼
½ҹ½ǫﴫЩгȫֻһЩ𡹡⡹𡹵Ķ
½ͷһôĶѵϾܱˣ
л˵
֮ǰǮD²½ǫߵɺ뷨ĸ˿ԱʼΪ׼
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


54 
Ǳһ
½ǫڶ, ͸ˬûǰʹĸо
Ȼʮ壬ָľǿ졣
Խǰʮ, Ȼƽǿ׳, ҲǹʮͱȲʮǰ, ʱˣۺü졣
߼, ҲŸˡ
½ǫͷڴɵЦչȥһס߰ĽţߣҲܺõô졣
ʱĽǲ˿ȥ, ҪǱ˿ˣҪ޸Ǹ, Ȼ͵ϵסס
ȻһЩ, ߵĽҲû˿Ҫ˵С
ȻסĽŵ½ǫ, ǹֽ˺ߵġ
ջԼĽ,ˣҪȥ緹ˡ
½ǫ˴ָָϻͣһϸĸо
ﶼģŽҲģر, ½ǫ, ѵǸ
ǴԽǰ, Բκ˵Ľ, ȾɸĽȴͬɾƯûκεζߵģ½ǫвκӦĸо
ϴϣȥ緹ȥɻ
һ죬½ǫһƬ½ǫ˵ʣµȫˣķ½߸֧
ߺ½Ҳһأͷһؾ½ǫԼռˣôС
½ֵؾȥɽǱѾڲˣ׷׸Ǵк
½ҲǺ˼䣬ȥ
߲ᣬһ£Լ
˭֪ߵַ죬ûֹʮ꣬ô
ﲢЭòһˡ
½ǫͷĶһ֣Ǹ֣ȫ껹Ƿǳǳѵġ
ȫһٶȲżӿЩҲ˺Щ졣
½ǫŷ֣ԭ½ߣ۾͸жԼ˻ܷ
Ͷȷʵܶ壬ȻմˮֲǱˮҲôʲôиɣЪŻЪ
½ǫ߸ũ¶ĵģˣ֪Լ֮ǰѡжôĴ
߳һֱȫ˳Цǰ˳Ц߼޲ȥ˺½̫϶ɲ˻ѹѾˣȻҲһʶľΪ̫ˣܸɻҪߡ
ʵݱҲ˺ߵģԺøһĲС
ȥ֮½ǫ½ģ
磿㻹Ҫ½ûжĵˣɽҲǺʵǸ½ǫ˵ˣϱߵһУ¿ȥҲҪһ硣
ľС½ǫ˵ǹȥһ˰ɡ
Ҳüûеط๫ڸǵһЩĸײС
ǵĵ½ǫû뵽½߶ûû뵽һ㣬֮ǰ½ǫȥʱ򣬿ǰҰڵ㡣
Щ˵㲻ǳһô㻹ܳԵк棬йҲΪϣôرĶࡣ
½ֻһҲڵ㣬Ҳ
㣿㻹ðׯҶˣɱϹŪˡ½ġ
ϹŪһأУ͵ųԲɡ½ǫˣ죬ʹһˡ
ʵͷ½һģǵú㻹ˮأŵׯҵ㲻ðǸµĵˡ
½ǫܶ飬ʼ˳Ц˼ɵӲŸɡ
󶼳ˣǣǸ½ǫһȥˡ
ǼҴм˼ң˵㣬ǿ˲ϡ棬һͱȥһҿ㡣
½ǫ㣬Ҫ͸ˡ
ȽϹһЩʮĵʮĲһСͱˣʮǮһٶ
½ǫҪ½ǫ˵ڵЩ˶סˣΪ˸Ǳڵľ֣û뵽˸ɵӡ
ЩҪģɵӻô׬Ǯһ֮硣
½ǫ֮ǰ¿Ϸ̳ӣרװõġ
˲
Ϻ½ǫ˵Ҫ˿߲´θһЩ
½ǫ˵ҿ϶ģǴ˿ⷽãҾͰǶƼ磬͵Ǯɡ
ϺЦ˵ллͷһ˵㣬ôɵ¶һݣô˸ѧ
ȥ·ϣ̳ˣһֱţ̲סȥС硣
ÿһֻССģܻãܿɰ
̲סȥһ£°ô۰Ͱ͵ĳš
ôӣ½ǫ뵽Сʱ򣬰ְִȥг˸ԲεĲСףѡС浱
ʱ׶԰׶԰٣ʦǻȥ۲ռǣѡԼֲˡЩ̻ȥ
СġӡСèСģֻһС㡣
СͿʼѧϰС֣Ļʦϣ̳ΪȫУСеĽ㡣
½ǫͯȻûĸ׵飬һøףĻǺֵܿġ
룬ߵͯ϶ȱʧģûгȱʧذ
ƻŸҲֻС㣬ȻСʱû˰Ҫһߣȱʧһȫ
ص֮½ȥ̳ЩС磬ģôô࣬Щȫŵǵȥ
һȫܻȫȥɣ½ǫ룬һָ㽴
ɡ½֪ԼأȫɣҪǽճɲãȥںȥ
½ǫȥʱ򣬻кöû磬½ǫȥиµС½뵽ʲôµˣҲ˵ôҲһ𷢼¸
½ǫ֣¸˵ϣʵɣҪҪҲԣ
⻰չ˾䣬Ҳ˵ģ
½ǫڵĺôָ˵һ飬ǸǳŹˣ½ǫ˵ģ϶ġ
½ǫ˵ͷͷǵģ¿ףڶԼȥ硣
Ǽҵ¶ǹ˸Լ򣬻ǼҵҲһЩȫŵ˵ȥˡ
ﲻ˿֣û˸ѧѧҲһǮ硣
ڴ½ǫڵҹҲ£·мĳһɵӣǻҸʱʳֲҲˣ㲻ɣ
һˣҲЦ½ǫɵȴһֱվ½ߣ˭˵½ǫĻվæ
˼С½Ǳһλˣأʮ껹ǸţƾʲôЦС½ɵС½ģкĸǷأǮ£۸С½
ҡƽʱϴĸˣҲ˵ֻﰲοԼ˵мڸһ帾ƽϣֻûǸҲҵôõʦȻͿȡˣֵõһ롣
ۣЦ˰죬˵ǲأ˼ѡѧҲѡģٿ㣬ʮ˻ǸţȥˣöඪˣԺ󻹻˭汾£
㡣ָð죬˵һ۱ȥ
ղŹЦ̫ħԣö˶ΧΧҵݣҲվڹߣһ˵ġ
˳ܶԼһױ£ȻҲǴˣСΪԼǶˣøһ
Ծûѧⳳܵı£һȦΧųֱһιȥˡ
ﶼŵˣҲ̫˰ɣС
ְ˽ŵİˣһ̧˻ȥ
ڴзĴ˺һӡ
½ǫҲ˵ˣſȷʵûкõĽԴűģܶѧȷʵѣҲˡ
½ǫ²һǰ̫ʱˣ˭ԼһЩָĲŰʱԼԼøõĻϡ
ˣҲڵˣûôæˣ½ϽȥǱȥѧϰ
½ǫǵи˵ϲ㣬ʹЩȥؼҵ˰Щŵţ㣬ԼԺҲܵʡ¡
ǵſڵʱպ֪ʱʲô£һֱü½ǫߣ˲ˡ
ſڵǰɣ½ǫ¿һ̳ӣҸ
»ؿԿǰſڵǣͷǸ̳ӵĸƿִʲôҲ˵ԺҪٴˡ
ֻһЩֵǮС㣬½ǫգգ۾ء
Ҳѧء
úúãܿģȷʵء
ҪȥڽǸ˵ͦϤģ½ǫתͷһ˾Ȼš
֪½ǫǽߣء
Ϊʲô½ǫӣ½ǫﲻһ½ǫǸ츳顣
Żǲǰ˵ֻǳΪ̫ˣŲżһɵӡ
ߵǰǺܹΪʲô½ǫӣ½ǫǳɵӣ±ܻԼ𣿡
ûΪͻȻĳһʶ˵ѧӽԿҽѧ˲ݡԱѧʣƽȵġҲԽһͬ
⻰ϲΪҲԱӣᷴڣϽһͬȥˡ
ã׼Ρ
ȴ˵ΪʲôҲǸһ𣿡
ղ˵۵λѧʣҽѧ
½ǫôºͣţ䣬䣬ȫˣ˲ܱһǲǣ
˵Ϊһѧ㲻ǱһЩǸӣ˸ûз߷߲ƽ˵ƾʲôѧѧأƾʲôܹ˵ô˿ĵӣ
㣬ǿʶǿܽ½ǫ飬ܽ߶顣
Ϊξø飿š
ԴǵñֻӣԣӶŮ˶硣˵
½ǫӳȥһ仰ѸŮ˶ˣôˣҪǷִǲ˿Ҫֵġ
ɺƽͣȻ˵Դҳһ⣬Ǳһ£߲ѧ˼µѧʣֶϲȫ˼ʮѧʣȻǿɡ
شıãҲӣشԺ㲻ҪٳҵǰһҪߵǸ
һ⻰ЩżѧȵţŲӣ
ҲģΪһôȵĹ˵ӣҲû룬Ӧˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


55 
ɷˣ
½ǫ, ߵļ磬Եģһ㡣
ҡߴСܵĽǣ, ˵ʱ, ûﲻԡ
, Ҹ½ǫץַԼ,ҵ֣ͲẦˡ
߽֣ûôˡ
⧲ιһĹϵıһѾ
ȻŮ, Լӣ˵, ڼҲ׽
Ǵ֮, ΪôֻһŮҪΪȫֵ, ûԸŮ޸, ޻ˡ
ڿ½ǫһӵĸôᣬ֮ͥҲܻ˾¶ôܵľٶоǳĲܡ
˵߲֪ܣͻԻˣڴ֮ͥ, ǻ߻δ˵, ͳˡ
ΪĿ, ֻܰ뷨ų, ۾⡣
ûʺѵ⣬һ½ǫ𰸣Ҫһʱ䣬ټԱ˴𰸣ô˵棬Ҳ˼˵
ֻԼСֹ˼䣬ûҴ˵
ľԴֱӾץص㣬شֱƫˣҪǲƫҲܴԡ
Ҹж͵Ķ飬Сÿ춼첻飬ҹϨ˯δһֹͣ
ҿŬѧȥĶû٣ԲôϣΨһһοǴΣϹèӣѺѹˣǰд˼ƪĬдһƪд£ſš
ŵĴ𰸣ҡҡͷľɵҲߣ뵽𣿡
߽ŵȭͷ˵
ŲĵõۣܻβסԼıƢָôѵĿһôܴóľࡣ
ңҲࡣȻƽʱģһ۸ĿģҲСƢģһֱҲ᲻
ԱߣаȫУ·ȥ֮˴
Ȼ࣬㵹ǻش𰡣ҵǿܴñǿŸͬһӵģǴ˭Ҷϰˣ֪
߻Ǹûе͸ȥ飬˵ģֻѧϰ˶̶̵һʱ䡣
һʱ䣬½ǫҲмʱ䡣
⼸Ҳչ飬һһεģʣʱ½ǫȥũÿ½ǫ߹ѧ飬ʱĽѧʲô
߱ĵӴһЩټ½ǫŵӰĴ˵˳
شûô壬ЩԼ뷨½ǫͷ˶ԴԼղΪʲôûôĻش
ţɷˣǸԴûл飬ûлҵͽһ
һᶼû𣿡Ųģٳһ⣬ҿ϶ܱȵù
ٳһⶼһӵһۼţ˵Ļ֪Ǹӹš
뷨ظ̰壬ֻԼ˵еҲȥϲˡ
Żͷı˳ȥ߸˵زˡ
ҲţΪԭ򣬺ķøǸ˵һϿΡ
ںˣ˱ˣϿʱŷ˵ˡ
ĵĿ佱ߣ㷽ŴĲѧʵ츳
𣿡ͷ˵ǿ׻ֻһ⣬ٳ⣬Ҷ𣿡
һЩ½ǫղôͬ߸űԣΪ߻ӮһֱԷƱ
һûʲôŶܱȵĹһĴǡ
ңĺ𣿡ûеʣǸղ̫ˣҪһЩҾʹˡ
ô򵥵϶½ǫѧô꣬ôǳ֪ʶƾ⣬д⣬ԲôǳԵⶼ
߲ѧãܰôãֱţ½ǫûдԽǰѧϰһѧĿ졣
ϧ󻷾Ӱ죬ѡǳխܳŹɽﻹã߿ţܸũ
Ժ볯Ϊˣ߾ֻܴںլ֮Уͷ¶档
ھ٣֪߻ʵԶģ˵㣬ʱߵԼҲһЩ
ЩҪ֮󡭡
ջѾڸ߽ղŻش֮ˣԼ佱ץץ׼
佱뵽Ǹѧô꣬Ŷ˵ˮƽѾŵĸ߶ˡ
Ȼ뷨ĳ֮󣬾ŵľսģ޷סԼеǵС
ߵԸԽǱ˿佱ѧϰĶԽǿ
ʵҲûʲôԶıҪҪøĶмʶҪ½ǫ̫ԶûлģҲ½ǫƲ
֮ǰ˵һֱеӣǿ֮󣬼θӳܣв
˵˵ҪԺˣ˹٣һûܶҪ٣һ¾ǰӸˡ
ǰԳɽʱҲһԳһұⲻǣ˶˵ԳȢôһݱ΢̫ϧˡ
ϻݱ΢Ҳˣһɥηη̧ͷֲʶһ䲻ӡ
ʱĸŮȻȥѧö飬˼ҿؼҽǶ֡
ڼԶٱѣ顣
ɻϴСţδΪԲûǮȻЩΪͷѾĵײ࣬޿κγΪϽ
ϣлһЩԹޣԹһͻᱻ־û
뵽һĻϣ̲ס͵͵һ½ǫԭ½ǫ׵
һϺ½ǫžˣ½ǫȢһ֪ĸ᲻ûôˣҲ½ǫֿ
֪½ǫףȴ赲½ǫϣ½ǫʧӵĻᣬ½ǫ
½ǫûи˵ʼݣҲδ˵ɱ׵£ΪԼ赲½ǫٻ󣬾˽䲻½ǫ
½ǫ֪뵽ʲôˣоߺȻͦģ̧ԴǴŵˣҪˣԺǻشߡ
߱ĻЦˣȥǲҪ˵ˣ̫Ҫӣ˿϶һȥСǼǲڼҵʱȥۼҵӡ
˵Ҳǣɵÿˣ˻ĺܡ½ǫԺø˸ùϵʹ˿Ҳһ
λȥ֮ǰ½ǫȥһףûвףдɵףš
ͨ˼ҲҲ㣬ⶫǮ˼ҵĵ裬ǮҲ͹һЩĶҪǮӣҪÿһЩļǮҪǡ
½ǫѡ˸ױϻŶ䲢ףһָкϸ壬Ҫӡ
۸ŵȶˣ½ǫӣҪˣ̫ˡ
½ǫ˵£Ǯ㲻ϲôһ
ҲҪ߾ú˷ѰֲԲȣȥȣܲء
½ǫȥʱƲ۾ˣ㲻һ۾Ĺĵģ;ţɫҲۣβҲܴһرСƵġ
ߵһαһˣĶˡ
һһ㣬ϰ忴Ķ࣬һЩʯ
˵ⶫںӱܼһӣɼȻ͵ģĸ½ǫһȥѡˡ
㽿󣬴ӵȥһֱһСš
½ǫţģִֽŵģ϶ҪӸˤˣȴ˵Ϊ̫ϲˣҪԼš
½ǫ뵽Сʱְִȥ㣬ʱ׶԰ôСȥ·ϷҪԼ㣬аְְæš
ʱõģСʱССҸ֮ᱻůһ졣
ǳ֮Ҹ
ʮ꣬˰㣬꣬Ҳʮ꣬Ǹӣǿǿڵͯ꣬ůϣʮʮʱ
һʲô£뵽ڵҸʱ̣ϣġ
ھͻȥ𣿡߿˿ǳϵĶ֮ǰ½ǫЩ⡢ŹǣмѼůˣǰʱԷźܾã˳ԲͻˣҲûܶ࣬͹⼸
ʲôȥ½ǫ˵
ʲôҡͷûĶ
ÿ¶ǮһǮ㻨𣿡½ǫ㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵ʲôôҪѧˣԺ˹٣ʶҪܵġǮᣬôѧˣҵģ뻨ȥһǮԺÿϣ㶼ҪһǮ
½ǫ˵ʲôʲôȻ᲻ûһǮ½ǫĻеĻʹΪǵĽûǮ
ʱûҪĶڤ˼룬뵽һ
½ǫȥЩССѼС죬ǻȥɣԺͲˣҼҲ㣬ԵǮҲʡˣҪһֻͼͷͺˡ
ۼҺԺһֻһ˷أҪ˶ö֡Ǽ£ҪȥţҪ飬ûй½ҪѼЩ͹ˡ
ζ̫ˣʵѼζҲͦ󣬵ޣζҲر壬ҪǶ̫࣬ζ̫Ӱ춹⡣
½ǫ߽һĹǣ߾Ҳеȷʵ̫̰ˣмѼԳѾˡ
ᵽԵģĵ۾еһ˵С£ͷŹ˵˵ǣǲҪ¡
½ǫС˵Ȼ˭˳̲ס˵
Խǰֻëְָë˵ڰְ˵껰֮лش
ϧ㲻лûа취߻ӦҪܵõǲȤء
½ǫôţͿС˦һβͣһˮ
û𾪵ĿС㣬Ȼֿ½ǫ˵ʲô
½ǫϵˮһ֡
½ǫһ£ߣ׼Сʲô֣
ûҪ֣ĿҵҪƴ֣֮Сƾʲôȡ֡
룬ָɫĽ˵һֻƯӡ
˵껹ùֲ˼ģŵ½ǫ𣿡
½ǫɫС㣬βرƮݣͷ·˵°Ƶģ䣬̫ȡˣ̫ˡ
߱½ǫôܶΣǲϰ½ǫôŵĿ佱
˵Ҳʲô֣ǿ̫ƯˣŸȡ֡
һأȡʲô֣½ǫָһɫĽʡ
߿㣬ûģǿһֱΧתҲͦӢģһ͸ˣͽСڰɡ
Сڣ½ǫ̲סЦ˰죬Ҳ̫ƫˣС˵öģ
С˦һβͣ˦һˮ
߲˲ϵˮðԭղ˦һˮһΪ˦ģ̫ˡ
˫ֳ½ǫҡͷС˵СڰСڣʲôǶԵģ㴭Ǵġ
ͷ½ǫᴭ˵ˮʹˣˮӦòᴭɡ
㵱ȻҲᴭֻʹ½ǫ߽һ·ôˮ´ġ
˻ؼ֮½½ǫôԵģ𱸵˵жǮҲ㻨ġ
Ҳôã½ǫ˵Żӻͳһ֬ݸ½Ǯ꣬
һ̫̫ʲô½
㲻ϣʮʵʲʮ꣬ҿЩϵķ̫̫ǶãʮҲںǸˡ½ǫ˵߻ݷȥˡ
½Ǻ֬Ȼ֪õⶫҲͦϲġ
ʱ᲻ã֪ˣⶫͲˡ
Ҵͷĸ͵ĸ˻֬˵ñ˴˷Էȥ
ѶСպãԺ½ǫˣ½ǫȥ˴֮ãû׼ʱһٵﲻء
½ǫβ׺㣬ר˸׵ļӣ׷棬䶼һζˡ
½ǫһЩ췿ĶµĴףרŶģ˻ñףֱӷڱϵıףϴǳ鷳
һȥǱߵʱ򣬾ͳȥ˲÷̣ר˶˱ףû
쵽ˣó棬˴ʡ
֮ǰľҲ˶µģڴľǶģǰʱ任һµģϵֽҲµġ
Ȼһ£߿½ǫ״װʣЦ˵ﲻũСԺˣķ䡣
𣿡½ǫߵһᣬȥľңӡ
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ӷǰó˱ԼմıʼǱƤ֦żӡ
ãдÿµ룬ʲô١½ǫ˼ƻꡣ
ꣿǸӵĺȣ컨ǮܰӼɡ
Ϊѵ˵Ҳò꣬ҼȫҵĻԼÿ׬ǮͶӵģʳ棬ԼЩѼ졢ǵ˶ٵ
Ǹӣһ԰ꡣ
ԺҪٷ˵ˣ˼ϸ壬Ժܼңҷġ½ǫȽôˣѽĻ棬ԼжǮ½ǫжǮһжٴ
߼ǵ÷ǳϸд˺üҳһ㶼ۣúȤڸоһˡ
½ֻСʮֻСѼʮֻС죬ϲĲˣںԺڳһСطŪ˸ʣǷŵ档
СһǻܵСë׵ļһ
½ǫͿ˱ǽΧСëǡ
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㿴ƽʱιС𣿡½ߣˣԺ⼦ѼǱˡ
һҡ˵ǰڼҵʱ֪ôιǡ
½˵ĸιǳʲôһιΣͻȻ߾ȻҪ׶ˡ
ʱĺܿ죬糤ԽԽߣ͵һƬ
˶עɽϵƬĶ򣬻½ǫˡ
û뵽ǲõϵĵ糤رã׳ʵ½ǫ糤ñȱ˼ҵĶãȥҵ֣Ŀ˳һЩ㡣
źлٹһܳˣ⼸㣬Ǽ㶼Բɡ
ܶ˶еĸҲûС뵽˵½ǫ˵㣬йܵϣԺ棬糤ø׳ճҲܱƽҪһɡ
һţڻδջļڣѾвۺˡ
л˵
ҳģһᣩ
췢һСʮ£55£۵С鷢һ
.л2022-03-30 22:16:27-2022-03-31 21:27:49ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
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56 
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żôڼͷ½, ½ȴ˵ȥ½ǫô£ҪǼ벻ˣһ
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½½ǫ飬ģ⼸úĻܿãҲķ´ٿ㿼ʮſϣҲ㡣
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½ǫЦЦû˵ڴĿߡ
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ʵ½ǫͿ԰߸½˵һԼ˵
ڼҵʱǺܺ½Ҳ¸½ദ
Ҫһӵļˣ½ҲǶŵԸֻȣƽʱҲͦߵġ
½ǫ߸½ĹϵһЩĸġ
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뵽һηηӣСղŵǲҲǳС
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˲رʧ䣬µȻˣֻǣֻǼװģΪʲôҪܾңΪҡ
ǹΪѣֻ֪ܣ϶ܾι㣬㲻æǲ˰æǲǸоҪǱ˾ܾˣ춼ˣԲһֱҿڣ
ߵͷ˾ܾһǳǳʹε飬ÿ߿֮ǰԤжԷ϶ܾͲҿˡ
ܾҲν˰æ֣æ˵ѡ񣬡½ǫ֪ԼٶĴ߶⣬ԺԼᣬԺͶˣԺÿ춼Ұ£һѡԵľܾͬ⣬֮СܣΣ
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ѹдˣСƢӣǳ鶯
½ǫϡĲУǼѧܾˣԣԺҪһҪһʱܾҪǴӦˣԺֻԽԽ
⻰Щż๫Ųˣҡ
תͷȥˣղǺߣĹĵĺߡ

˶֪½ǫˣҪһ²ŻЩۺ˼֪½ǫڼң͵͵ƻһϣȥһˣͿиӰ½ǫҵԱ߰εӣһɤӣֱ׷˹ȥ
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ׯЩ˵ǲԼҵģ̣˶ͦ
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½Ҳ˹˵Լҵĵӱ˻ˣȥϵ˸͡
˵ļ˲ˣվ½ۣ½ֱһһסӺͷԴײһͷͷĿ˸ͷ
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ЩСӴС½ӰУû뵽ֿ֮½ˣ½ͽְСԴŲɡ
˶֮󣬴峤ڳˣҲһˣҲ֪½˺жܱܿͱܿȴ֮ٳȽϰȫ
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峤ˣͷ㣬˶ĶһЩٵٷһЩѾ˵֮ǰ˶ٶԼģ˲ˣ˸ǼҲһ顣
⣬ҲۺˣΪ½ǫһô飬Ǽ˶࣬ڵȻ࣬ǰͷĲࡣ
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ĹָֻӣŮ͸ûеؿԷֵģǼҾһˣûһݣû
˷֣͵͵ҩˡ

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߱ôѧʵСѧĶܳؽţҲš
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붼һȥĻƣεһ֣һԭ͵һŮӵļӰ
ǮDŲĵĸԣҲôΪҦǷޣÿĺϿλ
һλ˴ŮòɣŻ磬ǧŮӡ
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ҲûҪ飬ҪǰŮ˵رãлƤ֬һϸ壬ûκһ˿覴ã϶кܶŮá
լеŮõĶȻõĶҪһЩ
֪ǮDôģҪ˵һôԭҵˣǱǼ˽̳ġ
˭֪һ֮󣬲ûΪ򹷣жٽôһֱδȢޣö˰µˡ
ѧʶµһʶʲôģ
ȫµĶȫλҪλӳʲôģܶȫظϹܵһ
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ԱŶӵͷȥƣȻֻһӰȴԵƲ۾˼ˣŮӱ㶼ӹ֬׷ۣȷʵȢˡ
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صʱǮDһʣӿĶ࣬һǧӿһľȻ·硣
ЩŮʿҲŸĸãԼãӶڵĺܣ·ҪۣеͷϻҪȻҲҪһ
ЩĽǸеļˣǸŮӡ

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½ǫΪ˺Ͻ˼һܿһ
ⳡͯԣȿһϿš
½ǫԽǰѧĲĿƣԹŴƾٿƶȲǺ˽⣬ѧϰ֮ǰΪһľţ˵ͯΪֻͯܲμӣһͨЦ
ͯûƵģͯѧʵĵȼĵȼ
½ǫſڵʱΪ˺öʮԡ
磬Ҫһ볡
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ףҽ϶С
ң˵Ǹ򱦸ôұҲ˼Ƕĺܣʼۼ۲һӣһ̧򣡡
һֻӵƯ㣬ԶʷǳУԱһ˵̾תͷȥ̲סѯһ䣬ʲôӣ
ϵˣˣһƾƳߺ½ǫĴź£Ȼ˳òǳٺãҲ˵
˵ˣҲٴм˵꣬һһԶˡ
ץץͷǵˣ
½ǫ˵ӦǮDû뵽ƷǾȻղƷ߼۸֪ϲĻӦö໭
뵽ԽǰһŮϷƽʱܿŵıþȻϻǧǮΪ˳һSSR
ÿջգĿƬмʮSSRƬ
ǰҲϿƬͬȼǿäһӦûɡ
ǵְָ˵ǰǣļﲻͬ⣬ѧѧصרҵҲһֱû롣
һ֪˹ǣҲܿİɡ
л˵
һµĺѷͣлҵԣô-л2022-03-31 21:27:49-2022-04-01 22:33:07ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
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57 
ѴӹˣǾ͸
οԽеķǳ˳, дĺãҲƯûгֳ½ĵĳԻڿ״
γɼȻ˸һ
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½ǫĴû䣬֮֮ٲμӾ˿ԿϾ˺Ͳֱ濼
뿼Żһʱ䣬½ǫĲ¼߻ؼһˡ
һʱ䲻, ĵӶ࣬´οԻͿոˡ
½ǫȥץ, Ҳ÷, ɻʻͦߣóɻһٶ, Ҳ, Ķࡣ
½ǫ½˵ǼҲԲô࣬ͼ˰ɣĵطʮǮһҪôԶǾǮһ, 𣿡
½סҪ۵ĳ嶯,ǻˡ
½뵽֮ǰ˼Ǽҵĵӳú, 㳤÷, ǼҸƻԴЩûӡ󣬲ǡ
ô˵ĵطȥҲˣҲûȥ㶼ϱǸӵ㣬Ҳû˻Ǵ
һЩǣǮһ㣬Ҳ׬١
½½ǫȥʱ䷢¸һԣ÷Ӱ췢ӡ
дȥɣǱ׼ԣĻòܡ½˵½ǫͯԿ˸׻ˣ¼ũ½ǫ󣬸ɶٻۡ
½ǫһʱ䣬һڼ죬ߣȻһˣҲġ
һԵһ䣬ߣҾͲȥˣڼץ
ȥҲﲻæͷϰ֣Ļȫ½һⲻȥ
½½ǫأ
½ǫҲǵҵʱͦнǰϴ·߷ʱڣͺһַŵ˶Ƶġ
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Լ½ǫԼԼԼԼ
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ҲÿԣѧϰĻʱûôȣڼæȥѧϰˡһ˵ô࣬±½ǫܾˡ
Ͼ֮ǰԼÿҪ½ǫ£½ǫѡһܾ
֪㲻һһ½ǫͬ⣬ʣĸһˣֻιιѼǿĹҪټ㣬ðĸ
ʵ½ǫԼʱͰĲ֮࣬Ͳ½ˣǼֲȱǮ˷ѡ
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½˵İɣڲڼңҶ۸СɣҲػ㵣ĵġ
½ǫҵߣҲġ
ˣһ֪ôÿ޲ð˩ϣߵﶼҪϡ½û˭ҵߵﶼҪӻ߷ɵģҲһݡ
ҲûãӾܹĺá
ĸô˵ˢľͺˣѸٵˡ
֮ļ죬½ǫ·ÿȥ㡣
ƽʱܳ˼٣Ǯһ㣬ִַʣһһܳ٣Ҳ
ö˶ܵ½㣬ǮһЩġ˿ڶ˼ĶһЩöÿ춼½ǫſ㡣
кµĴ񿴵Ŵ·½ǫϴŴģ֮ǮȥϿԣûУզһ㶯ûأ
˲֪Եƶȣ֪ʱ䣬֪½ǫһοͯ
ǵԼͯʱ޲ðҰĸߴˣͯˡ
½ǫϢĻˣ֮ץ㣬㣬һ㶼ǿˡ
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˭֪½ǫȴһ㶼ûԼͯʲôҫģֻǸƽƵĸǸ˵οĲţ֮ͯͯܿš
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½ǫ˵һһӦ½ǫ˵ѣ˵û˵ѣһܴ
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Ȼ̶һ꣬ĶǸֲʶɵӣǸߴʮſͯ϶ᱻǳЦġ
ŰȭͷֻһͯѣʲôõģһԿϻ˵ء
˵ʲôأ߲ˣ๫ô϶ܿϣҴδζܿһ㣬ÿֻܿ󡣡
˭˵ҿˣһǱ߱һΣֱߵô˵裬ȷʵһûκˣοʱԶˣ˼ǵõģ
Ȼ˵ġվĹĵģ˵Ҳ˲٣ǻ๫ʱ򣬾ͻǺ£㲻᲻֪ɣǼԺԼһͯԺſԵһ飬֮⣬Ϊӣ¾浱ӡ
˵Ȼı飬ˣԺڲܿĶλ֪Ҽ๫ҪԣҼ๫ˣô֪
ǺһԼ˽꿼žǮһһλᣬɰסˣʱûϣţƤ˲ճ
˵һ˦ˡ
߹ƣǰ˵Ƶģ˶̧ͷ춼ˣȻһλ˵๫ڲžǲһˡ
ҿĸˡ
Ӳûг٣ڲҲһƽʱ˵˵˶Ҫİͣڼĸ˵ҡ
ÿ๫ͷ·һˣƢһͻס½ǫǰͷڲҲˡ
˵֮عζ˲йˣЩڣԼ˵ô࣬᲻̫ˣ˻᲻½ǫȢ˸ĸ๫ˡ
½ǫĹסָһ㲻˵Ҫŭô͵͵Ǽҵĵӡ
ҪǸҾͣҾ͡ԽԽҾ͸ȥȡ
½ǫЦߵԴϲߡ
ҪΣˣҲվǰͷãҪǸȡ
ɽؼҵʱ򣬹׷˵Ҫ㶼ˣǶϧߣӽɣȶûɶɳԵʱȣóˡ
Ķתͷ½ǫŲǱˣô
½ǫƬ̣ϰԵʹ㣬ֱͺˡ
ɿһԾԾԵӣԼ
ϾԽǰǮȥأ˹٣Ժڵ԰ˡ
½ǫ飬ǼҾˣҲԲ˶٣Щ㻹ûȫȰѳˣʣµĵȳòǳһ֣һ㣿̫̫ˡ
߻δ˵ʲôһС½˰˼๫üķɶɵ㵹ãʲôóԵҲúúѧѧ㡣
һҲȢ˸ɣ⻰˾䣬ȢΪɻôɻȢؼҵڹţΪǶС½һԩͷ
ȢŮˣȢһԵ̲סԹΪҲ˸ҪҸ֮󱻴ĥҸôԲϺõĴϺõģܿҲˣһöģ˵Լԩͷ󡣡
ôˣǺӲΪԸȢҼҵǼҲˣǼҸɻ쾭塣
༸һͬɽĺӶͦģҲֻȢҲͬ˵Ļ˵˭ҵǮҲǴģǸǮ൱ڰˣ˲Ҳһ˻ȥ֮˼ҸɻôҼҷҲ൱һǮˣ͸øǼҵţһӡ
ǼӵķɾںͷţҲǸոһĻ̫ɹͨ죬۵һĺȴҪ裬һ䷴Ļ˵
ľΪ˵Щ뵽һԼ֮󲻽ţûˡ
һȻǶοֲļ֮УҲܿƵҪǶοֲļ֮С
֮ǰһ˫ůĴĶϣڵһ˲䣬ֻܸܵԷ¶ȡ
˫ǰůӱĻ˳ס
ܵ½ǫսһ˫˵˾仰
Ϊúܽһ˫ֵĺҲҲ˵Ҹǲһ

½ǫ֪ʱǹϵġģ˵˼ǳ¾ɵģʵղЩ˵ĻŵδУҲǴڵġ
½ǫǸʱǿƼʱҪȽ̫̫࣬ɻкܶΪȢ֮ӾǼҵӶˣ͸źĸĸһӣһԹԡ
ǸʱˣҪ˵Ŵˡ
ѸıЩ˵뷨ֻܹܺԼһӶҪֿࡣ
½ǫڼ˼㣬㻹ͦ˿һˣʣµ˵ԡ
·϶ȥҡ
⻹һһȥңһȥҪȥóʱ䣬Ҫóʱ䶼ߣ᲻ߣҲ᲻
һվڼſڣ֣ŶԷ˭Ҳ֡
½ȥæһȦ½ǫûأ˵ҳ緹ûߣԺҳ緹ǲǻûߣû˹ǣվͷˣſڣʱ˳Ρ
߸Ͻ֣һ߰ɣʱ䣬·Сĵ㡣
ˣڼҪչ˺ԼʱԷҹǵøǱӣԼ½ǫˣһߡ
ߴһʼǾ͸ðᵽȥҲˡ
½Ѿ̫½ǫˣѾӦ˸ֱ½ǫ¿ȥأ±ǣúÿԡ
½ǫ뿪ĵһ죬ȥιӺСڣСǳĻãһЩ
½ǫ˵ι̫࣬㲻֪жٳԶ٣ι˻
һֱǵãÿιʱСιһͲٷʳˡ
ӳԷСÿθܵˮĲͻɿסʳʼ߶СһʳԹˣСڶһЩһ߻СڰʳƵǱߡ
ʱ𾪵Ĳˣæ½ǫʱ½ǫ˵ԣ˵ǻ᲻ɾ֣񻰱
ʱ½ǫûй㣬Ϊ½ǫþɺϣôˣûﻰ˵ߣ￴Ļӣ
߲˼ЦЦǣѧϰʱģ˵ֹ¶֡
½ǫиֶŮСʱ֣İ͸ͯ飬࿴飬ܹѾʶ֣ʶԼ飬Ҳ׼ӡ
½ǫߣ㿴ĻӽʲôҺ棬˵
ߺ˵һһ㾫ˣ˾ˡ
½ǫˣԭ鰮ӣֲ߲˼
½ǫӺͷס°ʹļϣˣͷûһסС㾫
ˣڴ߱½ǫţ̫ΪˣŰѴˡ
ϴ׼ߣ½ǫȴĸˣ˵ԭı㣬ѴӹˣǾ͸ˡ
ʲôߵĻʵһ룬һͱ˿С
½ǫͷסͣ´Ŀҧ̲סĺ
Լͣ͵ѹôι㶼뵽£̫֪߳ˣ
ѸٵķʳȥιѼ죬ڵʱЩСѾ˲١
½ѼӺͶӱȥԼ棬ŵҸȥСﶼҰݣӲ٣ʡٵϡ
߰Ƿֱ쵽ͬĵطȥȥ֮˾Ϳˣ⿴ţҲ͵ϽǣǻŻڴЩݾͷǳ㡣
֮ǰ˵ϻ߳һ㶼ԼЩݣԺ̫СҲܳȥȻȥҲˡ
ԺԺкܴζŪᶼ
ҪԺӴһЩãԺܣһͣصļʺҲ̫ˡ
ߵ˵ҲѼԱߵһ
Ҳ򳤳ɵļѼ죬ʱʱɱܷ㡣
ʱ߻½ǫ۹˵Ѽ죬ЩѼñÿֻܴӵȻôҪ˳ԵɴļѼɵ洦ܣѼӺͶ컹ȥӾļݿԶȹֵһڴļݱȽҸ
ʱ½ǫЦŸ˵ԺǼҲҪЩˣ̫ļݳԵʱѹġ
ȴ˵ᣬһɱأԺļѼ춼ɱġ
½ǫͦԾûɱݣ߾Ȼô̲ߡ
߱˸ĴָҼС顣
߱죬˵ˣȡЦҡ
߻˻Դô£Ϊʲôÿ¶뵽๫һôú¡
Լ๫ܿͻˣ֮ǰҪüÿһ£ܽġ
ĺܺã˯ʱһ˹¹µ˯ڴϣǹ˼ˮһ㣬ӿ
Ӹռ޽½ǫÿ϶ᱧ˯½ǫҲϰߡ
˯žŴʷ뵽Ŵʵʱһȥġ
½ǫҪʲôɫ˵½ǫʵҪǳɫģ͸ͺˣȻɫĻÿռıգˡ
û˵ȻĿ½ǫѡ˸ɫĴʡ
֮װʻһװ֮󣬴˾ͽ˴ͷЧ
죬Ǹ죬㣬˰Ѵʷ֮һƬ·ҹһ㡣
һ˲߻е㺦£Ǻܿ죬½ǫһĹϸһ½ǫ˸֣״οգƹ͸οյĿ϶ӳճڰĿռ״Ĺ
һȦһȦģƯ
߻δĳһ˺һᣬȦģۿת
½ǫϽֵ֣ʱѾˣѸӦԭҪ߲Ķĳֽסߵᡣ
ôһͦзģôˣƺѿҾޣĺֲܴڣ͵ƻ˸ƲãԺˣÿһЩġ
ǲÿ̫ˣҡͷҡͷĶ˦˳ԼԼ⸱ӸЦˣЦ˵û˶ôãÿζôãҶãҸ䲻ϡ
һõĶ㣬Ϊϡ½ǫЦһЦְ̧ᣬ޳Сèˡ
߸ԼָԭǺָǴʱȴǰᣬСģ°ƤƵġ
磬Ƕֻ˵Ļ䣬ÿ̲ס΢Ц
½ǫҲߺֺڰСռ䣬Ŵʽ˸죬ڴüСǣ͸˿ӽЩοյĵطϣ棬͸ͼڴǽϣܿöǵӰӡ
Щǰɫϲϵģϵʱ棬Ҳ͸һЩ¹⣬һ˯Ҳúˡ
۾ð죬ﶼ½ǫĻ䣬˯ˡ
˸½ǫı׼ı˯ȴжһͷͷϻһ½ǫ·
·ﻹһֽֽ߽ó´ҹ⿴һ֡
дš˰ɣȱͼҺܿͻҲ㡣
߿ֽϵݣֽؿڣͷϵ£֪û˯žû˯žʱûҡ
ҡͷУҪʱڣǧҪңһҪ뿼йصݣһҪ

½ǫѧϰ۵ʱҲߣ߷·ĳ۵ʱͻжѧϰ
ʱŲסʱͻʣֽϻߡ
ʱߡЦߡߡίίߡ
СQͷһֽܻüߡ
Щߡŵ棬ż̧ͷһۣǾͻ᲻
һҲĻ⻭絹ȤߣȻͷСͦ񣬺ǿɰ
ΪһԭͿɰſɰˣĻҲʹſɰ½ǫ̲סЩԱ߻˸Լ
߲ڣܿ
οԽеҲǳ˳ϴεĿ飬һ½ǫԲŲæ
ԽȲĻǱߣǱ𣬻ؼȥ
ȻѾˣߵȴܻȣؼҵ·
ſڵʱÿһͣſڡ
ĳݷùöΣлˣһ涼ûм
ʱſڼһλͽܣùϵ˵׼ͨ½ǫĹϵ
Ȼûй¶˭ȻѾٶ꣬ûԼǸˡ
ټĵǶڳΪ٣ݹϵԺ;Ҳܸ˳һЩ
½ǫظ֮ǰͱˣԷŹٷ֪Էˡ
Է񣬡λ˿ҪҼʦ
ǰϵ˿¹½ǫֻվ
ûЩȻɼû½ǫſ϶ǿˣżүǲ¹ġ
Ҳʦġû½ǫǱܾ֮˵½ǫģ½ǫ˵ũѧϰ
ԣ½ǫϻϽؼҼߣǸˣҼԶһЩҪЩϻȥ
ô㻹Ҫؼ𣿡ȡ
ĵˣҪȥˡ½ǫ˵
˵ǼǱɽ壬ճɶôã˶װ˵
½ǫ뵽˶Էǹ٣ɶԷƹķ϶иʹЩɽ岻Ͷоˡ
½ǫ׼һЩʱ
û뵽ַЩȣַˣˣ
½ǫͷˣúܺá
£ٶҪúÿСļͥסַ˵ȥ
½ǫΪǿ׿ף˼һô˵仰ȥôƫƧɽ￴
ɳģֻǿĸ˵˼仰
Ǳ˳֮󣬾ȥ˵һҲȳɼˣ¿ȥˡ
ӣ֪½ǫԵӣǿԳˣ½ǫҲٵһʱ䣬ȳɼٻ
֪½ǫȴ˯žһأһͻȻء
Թ֮߾ſڣװʵһֱԶ
һֱԽԽڣҲûп뿴ˣαʧ䡣
½̲סһ˯ˣˣ˯һͻˡ
ߺãſڵһСᣬһͷĻ˷䡣
·ڴϣǼ½ǫ·ͷ޷˯
ͷܹû˺õģ뱧½ǫ
˵Ҳ֣һԳɣԳɾȥ϶ǮȻƣԳڼҵʱľս
Գϲڼң˶ˣоܺúõĻһˣδйƵģ˯Ҳ˯ţһؼҵĸо
һֱ˰ҹŲסˣԺĿҪ˯ŵʱˣΪԼˡ
ղ˺öΣ̫½ǫһϸС춯ͻΪ½ǫˡ
ôεգΪһҲǻþΪ̫ˣֵĻþΡ
ǰͳֹڴţΪԼţʵ
һֱ½ǫסŶԷ¡ζжԷߵĺ͵ѹ
۾ǰ糾͸ϻķһʱ侹ȻסˣðŻع۲ۣҪҪҸ㷹ȥ
½ǫû뵽û˯رסߣҪҾһᣬҺ㡣
Ѿþû½ǫˣԴ½ǫǱߴ˴գŵöϲ˲䣬Ҳˡ
л˵
ǳҸл2022-04-01 22:33:07-2022-04-02 22:51:40ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


58 
ϵʹ
߻ͷһôֱ׵ĸ½ǫ˵仰, ʵ̫½ǫˣ½ǫڻ֮ҲƲסԼˡ
еޣѹ, ϲ, ½ǫһߵһЦ
½ǫ˺þõ·, ƣǿС, ϵƣͶʧˣһϵ·Ҳֵˡ
½ǫ߿ޣϽùӸᣬҼǸСްⲻǻô, Ҫˣһ۵ġ
߰ϵɾ, ر½ǫ, ˣø½ǫһ, ԺҲҪֿôˡ
ԺҲҪֿôˡ½ǫͷ˵
ߵ͵һ, Ϊ½ǫ֪뷨ˡ
뵽ʲô½ǫͰ뵽Ļ˵˳Ҳ̫ˡ
ŵĿһ½ǫֲ½ǫ֪ʲôֻΪ½ǫǡɸ뵽һȥˡ
ָ½͵͵Ĵ, ѵϬ
Ҹѧôʱ, ˺ܶĳ, Ƿǰ, £Ϭʡ
ˣϢɡ½ǫ·ٵĻ±סСɣڵ߷ֿһһ롣
˳ſ½ǫĻһͬˣѾˣȴ̲סһÿһġ
Գɼûôôż֪½ǫΪʲôô׶½ǫ˵
㣬Ծͻˣڳɼҿ϶ܹûҪǱɵš½ǫԽǰԼһסôꡣ
Ÿһ˲һ꣬޷Ӧһ˯ˡ
ҵĴǼҵĴҪ࣬һ˯͸Լįˡ
ܻؼұСɣ˭Ը˯Ĵ󴲡
ǣӦסһٻģ·ڲߣ֮ǰŴ⳵˳ˤ·ߣڶϲű˾˻ȥ̲ס߶Ȼ֪Ǹ˶ϲ߶òôõһٳʲôûˣҪˡ
´βˣ½ǫͷߵĶͷһڣԺȥģһҲֿˡ
صĵͷҲչȥ½ǫңֻ½ǫǱ߿ĸ

Ȼһ絾ӻҪȰ²գǴ˶ȲҪ峤ڲæʱɽϵĵظˣ˴Ҳȥ
峤İЧٸߣһҲûа취ʱôĵظ꣬ǰִ£峤ϴ¸صһ
εǶǵһνӴԼҼﶼûֹǺ˽⡣
Ҳȥ֮ǰֹ˼ңǴÿһɽµĽǶȳȿȶͬЩѡ
峤֪½ǫˣ½ǫȥæһ֡
ͳ˴ˣɽ¶ȣڶٿȻ󻭳ֲͼ
ָֻż峤æȥɽϰЩҪڵĵػ
ʱ˭쵽һҲܸһЩȻԼ˭һ˭һС״
һصĿպù˷ֵģĿطָһҵҪ峤½ǫ¿һ򵥵ķֵص£ɵклҪ˭ҷֵ̫˭ҷֵĲã⵽Թ
ֻн峤ȥŲ˵Ĳ
峤Ҳôģִ»ҪԼܽ½ǫȻ˶·֡
峤ոҵѵطˣ󲿷˶⣬ҲвģǸ½ǫҵӵ˾ͷǳĲ⡣
˽ŶŶۿű˼ҶôһƬأǼұˣֵֻôһСƬĲС
ļǿ˹ñԼãͻ첻ðǹñҺõ˻Ĳң⡣
ӺСϴʧܱͷ֮󣬾ͲٶˣֻݺݵԹ½ǫ
¶κεԹޣ˶أߵᱻ˷Ƶķţڴﶼ̧ͷ
ӵؼңš
ͷԱ߸ϽŻƷ֮Ļǰˡ
ȴס·˵˵㲻ְ½ǫļŵӣ½ǫͰһҸˣηֵش峤ٷһ룬ͷδ̫ˡ
Ŷÿüģû߿࣬ô˵·ҵ֪ԼĿ඼ǣҾ·飬ְţǹģɵʱ˭Ҳ˵峤ֱӾͷҼһĵأˡ
ŶǣǼʣȥ½ǫĵӣŻŸĳץӡ
벻ǼҵһҪŴսи취ô峤ѵظ㣬㡣
ʲô취ŶȻСôһûˣҪأҲܵӴһء
ɷ涨ˣ￪ѻĵضҪϱٸ漰ʳ˰⣬С£Ҫ׷峤´ΡŰŶһ£˵
Ŷû뵽£峤ûϱٸ
Ȼˣǽûô춼Ҫ²ǹ涨ǽܿѻĵء
̫ҲȲ𣬶ţȽʱѾʳˣ˳ܰ˰ˣֻҪûȥٸٱٸҲһֻ۱һֻۣҪ˾ٱٸͻȥ峤˵أȥٸ
ûŶ˵ȥٸ״ԭҪȰʮӣһ˶ȥٸ״˽½˽½
ŶȻ֪ӵ飬Ҳȥٸҹү߶µţбķ𣿡
ûȥ٣Ż峤ȥ峤ּأ峤Ҳú£ÿȥȥˣˣв峤ˡ
ŶЩĵţΪʲôҪ취
ⲻǿôңҲ½ǫǰ仰α仰ʵС
ָ˵࣬ŶԭЩԥȫͱŸϴˣǴ峤ƽֻǰԼĵû
ҪһûûԼҵĵأ峤þ۸ǿһĵأһβȥˡ
ȻõɶҲûУǳ쵣˻ȥ͵
Ŷȥ峤ҹΣÿζ˵ϻͱ峤ϳ峤ҵŶȥˡ
峤˵֪Ҫ˵Ǳһأʱ峤æĺܣûʣµһظ
Ŷۿű˼Ȼڵˣһػû䣬ٵȥˣ˰ѵضʳͳˡ
Ÿ⣬Ҫɵɵȥ峤ſڵţڴ峤ŵʱ·ϰŴ峤ȸ峤ߣҪ˶࣬峤϶Ĩӣʱô峤㵥̸̸峤϶ͬ⡣
ŶţǼˣ±ɡ
峤ţȻͱŶסˣŶס˴峤Ĵȿߡ
½ǫ·ɿһĻŶǼҵӵ½û˵֪ô£վһ߸Ŵһ֡
֪ô£򵥵ĸ½ǫ߽һȥ֮ǰ޵ôĻΪ˭۸ˣͦأܰһѾͰһѡ
ϾǰҲǸرϣԼʱиվԼ
˵˳½ǫڼҵʱ͵͵Ǽҵӣ˲ԼΪֵģĿǸһۣСֹ˵˿ʲô˻»֣ܳĲʹ𣿡
½ǫĹĵӣ֪۵ĵӣƴߵıϣ˳˳ǲڼҵʱ϶εһˡ
Աһֵ½ǫĻЦ˵µˣͣ˵˭ҪŶ˵Ͱ˭Դ
½ǫ˸Ĵָ
˵½Ӷǣǲ֪жߵжԴжþһһС˵һĻ֪СʱŻжҡ
ŶԼ˰죬Чס˿̾վŸ˵Ƿظһ飬ô˰ɣҪǲȥٸ͹ԹԵİѵظҡ
ſôţˣ˼ǣڸ峤ߣ峤öӣȻС峤˵ҰѴ峤û˵ĵطв
ô˿أû֪ɷƴ峤̫
ɷ̫ʵһģٶˣƴһλһδ峤ʼӾʹٵķ
ǴĴ峤һδ峤ֶӣ峤ҪԣǽӰƶȣǹӵķҲǴѧģͨһδ峤Դ̡
һδ峤ôһδ峤ôѧ
ƫƧСׯһû˹ܣٸҲһʳ˰ʣµľͲˣĴ峤շ
峤飬ǿ϶֪ҪŶ͵͵в峤峤ܾͱвˣˡ
ȻߥŶȥ½ǫǰҫ˵ҵĵӣܴԺۺ½ǫҪƻ½ǫĵأҲ¸Ŷһ³ˡ
ǧû㵽ŶôȻ˵ɷ֮󣬴˶סˣ峤ΪǣȻðôķա
峤ģͰ塣ӳҪŶס
ƫƧСɽ峤ĻȨܴ󣬿Ըݴҵ½ǫ˵ʮǰһԳ͵Ů峤˸ǽˡ
ڴץס˸С͵ȫһС͵ɱˣûϱٸģ߹ٸٸҲܡ
ʱǳڰҲпᣬĳЩװݵһ˸ˣ֪ѲĹ²鰸
ڴһ㣬ͻᱻ۸ҪҪҴùϵµʱվæ˵飬峤Ҳһ档
ŶԵãûվ˵˰סͻˣ˿ӡ
峤ڰ֣û£͵ˣȥٸ档
ʵ峤ҲǷģΪϱˣˣʳҲֺˣֱӽ˰С
½ǫѧɷ֪ôһ£峤˵ˣô峤ϽȥϱΪǼҿˣȥˡ
ϱݰĶأ˭£ô峤дϸһЩϱʱҪһ顣
峤˵С˼ҵϱ֮󣬵µõ𸴣½ǫҵĿԲ
ȶʱϰʳ˰ϾУǰкöζôɣٸһֻ۱һֻۡ
峤û⣬˭֪ϱ͸𸴡
֮ǰ½ǫ˵Ǽ½ǫ֪Ҫϱ£õµţõ𸴡
½ǫ峤Ǽʳո֮ǰõ飬˿
֮ǰ˵峤˵һУ峤ΪֲҲ˵Ūû⡣
֮ǰҲῼɷصݣһֱûпɷˣô峤æȥˣȻԺµѱͲˡ
һԵ⻰ʶΪ峤˵ѣԭˣŶȥҴ峤֣ѵҪ½ǫһңȻȹһ˰ٹʱװȥЩ˰١˵©졹˵Ǵ˽ȥɽڵʳ
Ȼÿٶɷдĺϸ񣬵һʮǮͿԲϣⶼͨڣһ½ǫǼҡ
˭֪ûոӵļڣ峤ѾϱˣѵûʲôɣǲŻô
Ű˼ʱ򣬾ҪϵŶµ峤ңҲŵߥޣô˵ģҪԼ֪ʲôɷ
⻰һ£Ҷ֣ͣ峤üû⻰Ǽ٣Ϊ峤֪ɷԭдʲôݣҪ˵Ŷˡ
Ҳථ棬Ҳź½ǫЩˡ
峤Χ۵ȺѰһȦҪ͵͵ߵš
иɤŴĴ庰סôҪ߰˻ôŰ峤Ƕð㾹Ȼͱӡ
Ǿ֪Ŷݹϵô˵
һ˵ʲô㻹ôŶС½ģۺ£ҪǴ峤ȥˣǻôС½ҪǴҶϺӣøлС½òþˡ
ҼҼʲôŻϡ
ıãĺ÷¡˵
ҺãЦһţһͯҼҶã㣬һЩϲ̨ĶҸûʲôüʵˣŶӱģͷϡųһͷĺװļ˵ѡ
˼С½տԣ϶ܿŻ˵
ԣ߲ͬˣҼ๫ô϶ܿϡ㲻ؼҺúö飬ԼѧϰÿźҼ๫ʲô
ﺦˣԼѻﲻϱȥٸٱҲҵĴƲƲ죬˵ˣܲܿϻ˵ء
˭˵ûϡһİ˹һתͷ˺󷽣Ǻ󷽲֪ʲôʱͣһ
ĳƿ̽
ûдٷֻ˸Сˣרſġ
³󣬳½ǫ͹ˣүֻ֪ȲһͲͨˡ
ʱ򣬴峤̽˾䣬С½ʦɡ
Цĺܿģݵ϶˼ƣҵҵһûеĸ߶ȡ
Ҳ֪ĸ߶Σֻ֪Ǹٵˡ
ǰ˵ӦҲٵģһ½ǫҽܣǳ
½ǫ
˵꣬ǻĹһƬЩƽʱ٣˵ѾǺܴܴĹˣһ޲ſڵϣҲһĹ˵ϡ
ʵйˣһȨүվţȴվҲվ
෴ģ½ǫȴֻûй£Ҳû¶ֵı
Ƭ̣Ͻ£ȴ˵Ҷɣҽ뿴½ǫֵ˵ɽپΪȤ㿴ǾͰҵͨˡ
˲Ųŵٵͷ˵ġͰͨˡĻүԸǿǲܸү
´ˣٲٿҪˣǶץȥ
⻰ŶվҲսսأ̧ͷ
´ҲûйǣǶ½ǫ˵ǫοĲǸס
ˣ߸˵˫۷޲ԭرQ¡
´Ц˵ᵽǫȢ˸ķɣˡ
⻰˼£ϱԳɵʱЩٵĶ˵䲻Գɣθ½ǫȻٿˣ
˵Цһᣬߣ㵽½ǫ
´ûٵ٩ߣǿ˲Զǳ˵ģǸںõģһƬͦ׳ۡ
֮ǰ˵յ˰ɣӳûͦá´˴δַʽʳˮСҲ𣿡
ֻҪʣֲ˶У½ǫЩǵʳ´ˣղ˵Ļ㶼˰ɣҲɷΪ峤˵һ֣û뵽ɷɾҲ֪飬ҲԸ⽻˫˰
⻰һ˫һʳý½ˣôȣ
һԵĹҲе㼱Ϊ½ǫһֵģҪǷ½ǫҲ÷ŵ˵عүѾڵջ֮ǰ˰ܲͨͨڡ
վںͷǵĻԸˣ˵عô˵ģ϶ҪصķУ
ʱϢ½Ҳˣعү˵˵˫ˣҲУҪץҶӡ
ӱʳʲôҪǼеʳƽƽǳ⡣
峤Ҳæ½ǫ˵С½ʼֳ֪ⷽܲʳֵģʼΪֲûбҪô鷳ϱعүᷣ
´˰ڰֵôܷǣǫİŴҳ·ǮֳǫйصⷽãҪƹȥЩɽĵطİվоˣû׼ȫʳҪüأ͡
´תͷ½ǫ˵ҽ˵һһڿû˵ѣһȥ͸֪˵ʥϣƹķӣϿ϶ص㡣
½ǫ⻰סˣԭΪϽĵؽƹķû뵽Ҫ˵ȫƹ㡣
Ҫǻʵһˣס֣Եʱ򣬻ֶ죬Ǹˣֱӷ״Ԫ
´˵ĺϢˣ½ǫ˵ⷽã׼Է飬дô뵽ķԼѺ;飬ϸķͼϾǸũ񿴵ģ϶Ҫͼ࣬Щĺã˵ǫ㻭ͼĺã˵°ɡ
½ǫͷ⣬Ǯôó´Ʒѡ
£ǮҸóȼӼʱһͬȥʥϹĿ´֮ǰüΣ˵Ҫ½ǫƹķ£ͼˡ
ķģ˵½ǫһ飬ҪʥϿҪ½ǫ
ʥϲʹ½ǫע⵽˻ʶĳȵʱʥּʱ򣬳ͲǳˣҪ
´⻰ӯǧл󣬸Ͻ½ǫˡ
½ǫ´żҲ֪˳´˵뷨´ҪݹҪ´˰ڻǱ߻죬ǻݻ˫Ӯ
½ǫѳ´ؼң˵㣬Ұѵĺô˵ˡ
´޲ڣϽֽʼ½ǫ¡
½ǫо´˾ͷ·һߣʵرϸ˽ˣѡԵĻشһЩ⡣
´˵ˣ컭ӣ͵´Ǳߣ´û̻ȥ½ǫȻȥдˡ
´˳ٶȷǳ죬Ҳǰʱ䣬ͰˣӡˢѾǳˣ˵ӡˢǵģƹ㵽ȫôӡ鷽㡣
´ӡһ飬ʮϾ͸ϵģͼ׼û͸һ½ǫһ
½ǫûؼҸһ𷭿ȿͼֽ֣ӡˢĺܾϸСϸҲӡˢȥˡ
½ǫסĵͷ´ˡ
߷ǰͷͷ£߰ҳô
½ǫǰ£Ҳһũҵ飬дôʲô
˵һ仰ͱע£˵СǳħɫʵС
߰ҳֽݴ·ǣһ½ǫĴʮ֮ǰһֱɵӣ·߲ãҲ˵һˮԲѣ꾭һȥĸһԼʧһ꣬Լһķ
˴Цͷһһɽȥ̾ͳߡ
½ǫдû𣿻ϲ۾𣿡
ߣҵǾдͦ˼ģǻдĻã´֮ǰǲдӣ
½ǫܵǣȥķģⶼ˵Ρ
ɳ´ȴ˵ģҺȥͳôߵĵӣ̫ˣֲɵӣĻ
ڼҰæ굾ӣһ㣬ûʲôæˣǼҼµļѼ쵰ȥǱߣ˵õϢϿ´˵մã´ѲҪͶѾ·ˣ·;ңԶҪٵһӡ
ʱ´˻˵ɷпѻĵصɷеĲ֮Ϻʹֹ󣬾ΪϰõķֻҪʳո֮ǰյٸɡЦŶ½ǫ˵һıĴ°
ǳ´ģı½ǫ֮ǰԼɷ͵˰©˰ˣڻϸɷ︺ûˣھúö飬ȡտ״Ԫ
´˵ӡһ˴಻ũ񣬶ǡ
˵ⱾͼĹŵӻģ֮ǰһֱǸɵӣһôˣķӣõ˻ϵļν
Ǵˣ֮ǰǸֲʶɵӣһĽ̵Ϳš
ԭܶĽĵӣǺǱ飬ϸµͼֽĵúֲò
һڣһ߶һʮҲû취š
Ϊͨ˾̶ֳȣ½ǫǸţֻΪǰʮ궪һ꣬Ӳǵʮɵӡ
ǮD֪Ȿ飬һ˳ߵ٩½ǫǵĴţؿǳˡ
½ǫû˵£ˣ
ǮDóһƵ½ǫǰһ飬ȫˣּ֮Ӱӵ飬ȥ飬ϰķֳɡ
½ǫ򿪺ӣװӣ˲飬һ
һԵ߱׻۾öǮ
ǲǸˣԭ˵ˣһһǮֳɣʮʮӣˡ
֮࣬ǰķֳ̫ˣһ׬٣ҵĻⲻȥġǮD޲ÿһ鶼½ǫһǮ
˵ţعͨ˵Ѿſˣ֪½ǫ⣬ֱʥּ
һֻ÷ͷ£ȥſڽּ
ʥּǺ⡣
ǮD֣˵ԼĲʱ򣬺ʥּһѡ
½ǫǺ棬ǰӰӾ￴ʥּʲôָУҪúһ¡
֮ܲǰҲԼ˽ӹʥּּĹǻصֹֹ֮ǰҲԳ˵ôȢ˸ϲ̨ˣϧݡ
ǧҪֹ
ʲôʲôſڵʱվŵľֹ͵һͻ½ǫĿֻţסִֻ֣˴֣һЩ
½ǫͷһμ̫࣬λ㣬ʮˡ
ȴԵʮᣬƤĸλһ
ֹһ۾ȺƼ½ǫԭֻΪ½ǫøʱĻ̫ˡ
Զ߶ӣǮDʱ߶ԭΪ½ǫˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


59 
ͬ
ֹʥּʱ, ½ǫһ£Ӿǰɤ˵ͨû͸Ź, ˲ýӽƵġ
ʥּͷ佱½ǫһ, ֮ʹ͵Ķ, лƽмƾҪõ, ĩβúö飬ϣճΪ֮
ֹʥּԷ½ǫ½ǫָֹܰףб, ·˵һ㡣
Ȼ½ǫû˵ֵֹ֣ʱ, 뵽ľ, ˡ
߿ֹ๫֣ûгԴ, Ϊ๫վ֮, ֹ๫Ҫ߰ͷ
ֹȳ˸߳࣬½ǫһװߣĿֹ߾Գһ׾š
½ǫԽǰ˵̫ͨ˶ҪһЩ֪˵٣ֹǮD, ǮDѾܿܶ, ֹȴôĹ⻬, ûκơ
ֹ½ǫʥʹ͵Щﶼ, е˼ȷʵúö飬ۼϣ㲻Ҫϵġ
ס½ǫô͵ͨڵ⼸ŵҲüأͨ˼Ҹһ㶼ʮһųȻתȥ߸ɴ˽ʮ˳һ
ϾȻ⽻ֹһ
ⲻֹô˵ʢ裬϶ˣϻԶĹǮDʥּ֮¶˶ֹᷳ·ϵֱ뿪
үû뵽ҲֹȴǮDƿʥּˣϽ
ǮDҲǻϵֳϵǻ󣬸ǮDү
һ˻ϣ˻ϻ̧˵ĵλǰ˲ܲμӿƾ٣ʳסжƣ׬ٶǮҲܴ޳Уֻܴıͨ˺һЩסլӣмˣֻмݣʳҲй涨׬ٶǮ˾ֻܳԹ涨Ǽʳ
ûԸ⾭̣ҵľ÷չһֱʥϻλ֮˵ĵλʳסжûƣֻҪǮôô˰նǰһ롣
˰Ҳֻе̵˵˰Щֱ̯߰ģԼԺСĲ˰
ϸոյǻǼ꣬ǮDϵĹϵгΪϸЩɷ˻һӣɺǵĹϵֽˣû֪Ϊʲô
ǮDȻ뾩Ҳסˣʮ궼ṳ̂뾩һ
ۼһߣϽҪȥģǷǰáֹ˵ʱ۾ԥһֻǧĺ꾫
½ǫһ⹫ҪԼؼңֵľսˡ
Խǰ½ǫӾߵӰ涫Ƿɣոǿ
½ǫֹĽӴ֪࣬ԷǺ˻ǻˣǮDôųӣû׼ĲǺˡ
ʲô㻹ҪС½ȥУǮD½ǫԼϽȥɣôԶ㿴ûʵһ仰£õô鷳
Ͻۼҵ£Ū۾֮ۼҿܲ𡣡ֹ˵ʱǮDͷ˵ʱǴһɸ߰
ǮDһץֹ죬ף㣬·ɲߡ
ǮD⻰ǴＷģֹûзŭûȥƿǮD΢Ц˵ۼһϲֲߵ·
ǮDɿ֣ƿŭĻȥˡ
½ǫ֪֮ʲôڣ½ǫҲоõֹĲʲôˡ
½ǫǮDӴһˣȻǮDǸˣΪȴϲ˭Ǹ˺ã˭ֱӰдϣһ㶼Ҵţױ˼ŭ
ǣ˸ͱƭҵˡ
ɫˣ·ԶסһȥΣֹһ˵
סң!ûһǮDֱĳˣСϱƵָ˵컹ûңû㿴Űɡ
ûΪл⣬˶࣬סв㣬ۼҺ˿ջЪϢ߶š
˵գһ뿪ˡ
ȹϴ֮ǮD½ǫ˵ɱƭˣ˿ɻɻˣ
һԸŵ̲סͷҲֹϱֹ˵Щûǡ
Ҳ˰ɡǮDҵ֪һ㣬˵ǸǰҺöΣҴ˷ǳ̬ԭ̫࣬ϵǻ֮Թ̫ࡣ
½ǫȣû뵽ֺˣԼôݣΪȨƣΪ䣿
ʲôǿ䣿ǮDһãȻʡ
Ҳǳ棬һ֪Ŀ½ǫ
½ǫһ书˵˹Թ
ǮD⣬ŵ̿ˮ
ǮDȵʣûˣûǶΪʲôã
ǮDߵС̲ס˵ү⹦Ҳûù
˵ͱǮDԴΪϵİ㶮ƨ˵
С˸Ͻסͣ˵ˡ
½ǫǮDһ飬ΪʲôҪȥ̫ࣿ
ΪȨƣΪƶû취˱̬һɣǮD½ǫĶ˵һԻ˼֮á
½ǫҲһԭֹ͢ʷô̼
Ǳ߳˲ٵĿǮD̾˿ⶫ۶ĺܣһҪСССģţƾǿİĻϲԲš
ǮD˵ͣˣҪ½ǫ׵ˡ
½ǫûΪһ仰ΪǱǱʼдˣпӵˣᰮ
ϸǮDһ𳤴󣬻ôûǲ⻹д֤ʵ
Ŀǰ֪Ϣ㣬һλȨأ޳ܣǽԳɡ
ҳǸõķǿԳ˭ԳɾסھֻҪ˾֪Ǹ˭ˡ
ǸԳɵ֤û֤ƾԳһҵĻԣܻһЩǰһЩξİһɵϳ׶ӣһ̲ߡ
ıʼҲдǸ˵̲ߣִֶ
ϸ½ǫĸоûô´˵֮ûţǽŵĹ̫ԵֳһȻپƹ㡣
ɷ֪ɷ񣬾˸ˣôǸǵľ
˶жԣ½ۣջҪۼ֮յĽۡ
꣬վڴǰһһش·϶ŢҪҪٻȥǸֹͬô
ֹ˵һᣬ½ǫסˡ
½ǫ§Сɵϸ°ʹߵļϣ跽ĲԽԽˡ
̵ĺáǰ裬ϰߺȣ͸ѧϰѬ㣬Ҳѧȼ㣬ԼѧϰʱҲٶ˵ԺõõҲ๫Ժ٣լЩӦܵȥɡ
ʱʲôᣬ϶ҪЦЦûϵҪǸҷ˻˼ңǼҵĴ˵½ǫҵķʲôᣬǸӣῴġ
½ǫ֮ǰΪѧЩΪԼѧû뵽Ϊѧġ
½ǫжòˣԺһŬĹ٣ǰͽ㣬ѧѼ˭Ҫǲ㣬ûи˵Ļᡣ
͵һЦˣЦЦָжޡ
һԳɴ֮ԭˣ˱䣬Գɾϲ̨棬ܸˣԺͰصԺסѾ߶磬Ǹ
˲۽ǣСĵ½ǫһԺ˸˵䲻㣬᲻ᣬ᲻ᡭ
߲ˣЩҲûãӰĸ顣
˵Ҳûʸ½ǫֻ˽½ǫǻ׶ӵ鿪ʼ䲻½ǫˡ
½ǫҪһˣϽҪǱ˸˵䲻ңҾƨ£ܺԼеû춢ű˼ҵ¡
½ǫ֪ڵʲôΪ½ǫԽ֮ǰˡ
֮ǰĴѧͬѧ˵ΪұŸˣұԭرĿЦ
ǴѧͬѧӴһʼ׷ǹ꣬ҵֱӽˡ
̸սʱŶǳã˵ʲôӦÿӰؼʱ·һСԽ֣ؼҶĸŴҹԡ
ѧʱΧ˶ףǣǺˣҲᣬѼĺܺá
еϰ֮˼ͬ£Щͬ˵ôãߥ˵ϰôˣҲ̫ˣȥҹߵ
һ£Щͬ»ôϱ˵̫ôΪ̫ˣͷȥǼ
Щͬ߶˵ҡ
ˣľԼңĽͬ£ͬ˵ǻؼŶùŸǻЬӡ
ŲڱƲˣÿؼҾû³ܣ΢磬ŴˣŸ飬ˡ
½ǫӣԼŶٺãЩѵļߥޡ
ӦֶĵˣߥǴϲ̨棬ǴˣӦȢõģ㿷֮䲻ˣͰ߸ˡ
ôܣֲɵӡ
˸ƻǹ񫣬ҪˣôõСɻЩ˸һ𣿸ܣֻ䱾ĳЦ
½ǫߵ˵ģѡѵı׼ܸߣƷ
ƷС˵䲻㣬Ǹ˾Ʒ𣿡
½ǫͷϲʲôˣȰ֣ǺѣҪϲ˷涼㣬Ȱ֣˾ˡ
Ĵɣ½ǫûߵĶ£أ˵㲻ãϼ߿Ҫһһģ죬˭Ҳ뿪˭
߶϶⣬ЦҪ㿪ȴ½ǫøˡ
Цġ
ղŻ˵һӶֿҪ𣿡½ǫ
ЦᶼˣתҲȥ½ǫ½ǫ˾ͻˣ˭֪½ǫĶӲû⣬ֻаİ˿鸹
ȣ½ǫŵĲᱡŵʱʹ˼ò÷Ķ䡣
¸ĲһҲ죬ǳᱡ˰˿鸹˲ˡ
׽ס½ǫ֣Ҫˣˡ
½ǫЦˣϽס֣ˣǺȲ衣
߿๫ﴩŶ£ЩĽ죬̫࣬ȵҪ
Ǹһ˶ûУҲ
½ǫ¸ߣһҪȣԽǰһڼңǿſյҲ᲻£ǹŴﲻ£崿Сɸŵ
ĽĿԼߣǲҲˣҲ̫࣬ٴһ㲻˵ġ
ǡߺߣ˯Ҫһ£û˯ʱô·Ҳȵģûϵ
½ǫ֪ŲһԵӣҰӡ
紫ߺһЩҲ÷̫ۣ½ǫ˵ô񣬲ӻ
߻·һ£½ǫͣûٸˡ
꣬ȵĺܣ·ߣҲûлȥ
еؽѣȻ治סǿ԰ѹӷڵؽóԵʱĺ
÷֭ڵؽţÿ춼ߺ½ǫ͹
⼸죬ûôˣ·ҲˣһŻ¡
ԭǮDҲţǼǱߺȻ½ȥֻһǰǮDǧĸ½ǫ˵һҪС˵κλ㶼Ҫʲô£㶼Ҫ
½ǫֹһθоǮDĺӵ裬ůĵġ
ǰһ½ǫףҪٷҲйְģǶĳȨСܶԱǣҪ˵ˡ
ϴγ´ȥǴŻ˲ٴδҪ֪һ٣˵
ôΪսսء
˵Ҳд⣬˵ỻ·˵ӣȥ˴͸˵ĺѣȥ
½ǫʱ䣬ӳ´˳鵽ʥֹּǧ͹ôʱѾո˵ӣҲµһȥˣߵʱ򣬵Ӷ˲٣ǻȥľɫ϶ֹҪǿڲźһЩȥôһû׼϶һۡ
ڶ磬ǳʱѾһ𲻷㣬½ǫҲר׼һ
½ǫڻ׼˵Ĳˮ·á
ףҲò˵һ䣺ܵ
һǰһĽ˴ӣͣ½ǫſڣ˶֣¸ϻһλ١
˸źԶĿ֣źҲˣϽܻؼҹš
һ½ǫźžͶһӡ
뻹½ǫǱǮڼʱܸ߶ôǮΪʲôҪΪǼң
ԹʱȫûΪʲôƲ½ǫ˵½ǫ϶ţҲû½ǫȴҪ½ǫǷǮ½ǫȥѵʹ
֪½ǫǮһóôǮֱҪ
ܻӶЩŵӵĵ˵ҪȻǻǰǮǼҰɣ½ǫʶ٣ƤӣŪǣץô죿
Ҳŵʲôû˵ֱ˹ȥ
һߣ½ǫûŷþûмţһˡ
Ҳ³ˡ
׻·ǶĹˣһĹһȣǸҹƵġ
½ǫҪǰ˵۾һ壬Ȼһֱ°סˣ¶һָǿǳơ
½ǫüǿ
Ҳֹǿ壬ȵŴͣ壬ҲһԳɴŵǿ壬ֹ徹Ȼǿһģһ
һǵԳɰֹѵ廹飿
л˵
ǮDһװˣӵĹװ
ǮDҦϲϡֹϲϡ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


60 

Ǻ, طȽӵûжĵطţֱȥ￴ɣҲó֮ǰ뿪½ǫ˩, ˸ơ
ֹ¶ö, Ǹ½ǫ, ҲȷĿ½ǫ壬Ҳϳ, ȴûѯⲻ
˸µȥǱߣ½ǫְĸ׽ķ;飬Լʲô¶ҪôڣҲ˵ˡ
߳ݵĿԼ๫, һԼھֹ˵Ƕ, ְ, öԱ˫ȷ
๫ȴһ㶼ηֹ, ˵, Щٶ
߸һᣬûԼʲôɵɵĸҲûɶãٿôȣ½ǫ˵̫໰ɤʹ, ½ǫҪҪϢһ, ؼҺȿˮٻ
½ǫ, , ۵ɹ˵˵Ȼȥɣ̫ȣƤɹˣۡ
û¡߲˰ѺһȥñɣЩˮǺȡ
ܻؼңһ·Ϻö񿴵һ˼ңǸ˭
߽˵ֻһϵѣû˳´˵飬ʲôӣ๫Ҳõģ˲ǻˡ
ҵǻǻˣֻǻǲǴ١
Ȼ˵˾ϵͨˣǴǻǲţͨôǹɹ

߱⣬Ǳ߾ʣ½ǫˡ
½ǫжˣҲſˮ㣬дϸۼ׳ۣһ
ϵ½ǫ֪ʡ
ϵã˵ָָ壬ϳ壬ʲô뷨
뷨ûʲô뷨ܸܲ˵׵ɣǾܡҲǼٵİɡ½ǫЦһȻǹ¶кܶ໰Ҫ˵
֮ǰǮDǣűߣҪռȨʣ˵
Ϊʲô׵ɫѵõЩŭ̫࣬ԲкӣҲ̫ࡣ
ҵ˼ˣ½ǫ˵Ӧÿ´˵ɣ˵һգˣȥ˵ظ˵ķӣ˵
˵׵˭Щ⣬û뵽Ǹ¾Ȼġ
½ǫûش⣬˵׵Ǹ޴ˣô׵ء
⻰˹Цˣս½ǫ½ǫ˵һȤ
ôȵ죬սʱ½ǫɸоһͷ·һѪӡ
д٬½ǫ󣬶״յ̫ˣһǳûзִеľ룬˻붼û룬ֱһȭ˹ȥͷƫȥ
½ǫǱʶһֱΪոǿһȭû׻书ûж㿪Ӳǽһȭ
װϳһƬϣƤҲһ飬Ѫ˳
ָϵѪͷµָѪһֻѪѪ
ؿһۣһƢ˵λöһģһ
˵⻰תɽ
½ǫ׵˸ԨԴӦȥʡ
δڣһ˹
ֽסǿ塣
Ѿ߳ȥʮԶױ˵ģһԳ͵ģ֪к֪ܶڻʱϣ´μھʱһὫȫ㡣
߻ûȥˮͿ½ǫѾˣֹ뿪ˡ
˼뿪ҲˣǶΧ½ǫô£˭
½ǫͳһھֱ˵Ǹҹӣ˳´˵飬Źơ
ֹȻʮˣǳᣬʮ߰˵ӣҲûҹӵݡ
˵ͻˣǿûֿˣҲˡ
߸ֹôˣͿ½ǫͷһö壬ôˣֹġ
½ǫоö壬⻰̲סЦ˳ôܣҵġ
壬𣿡½ǫԱߣҲȥö塣
ֹ˵ġ½ǫҲûмĸ׵峤ʲôӣֻھƬпԼͼ˽ļٵĻ˵
½ǫ֮ǰͼֽóǰϸϸԱȣһģһ
ֹ˵ԳǱ߻ģ˸һģһġ½ǫҲһĿŶȡ
Ǻ񣬷ŵȥʮӡ
ɷڻǾ޼۵ġ
ûпĸ׵ıʼǣ֪Ҫԣܾ͵һĸúأ¶˻˲ʱʱ̵̿Ķó㱻˵Ҳᷢ֡
Գɶûĸ飬˾͸ܱ˲ˡ
ǵĸ׵ıʼдпռ䣬Ȼûϸдռͷʲôôռ䣬пĸóһЩ粻ڵ߲ˡ
ĸ׻ֹֻĸʱûֺܶĲˣľҲǷϣֻڻֹţ⣬ÿʹ֮У͸ûлֲˡ
ռ߲ˣûʵҪͷͳһǹֱӰǸ˱ˣĸҲ
ϸһ飬ûκλأָиͨһģһҲûнκοռ䡣
аٷ֮ʮĿǼٵģٷ֮ʮģǸռֻĸãκ˶޷롣
߳°Ϳ½ǫܸܵõ½ǫĸף㲻Ҫѹˣһ϶ĺҸġʮа˾ǼٵģǮ岻ôҪֹ˵κλ
ǮҲ˵һҪ㣬Ҫһֹͷס㣬Ҫʱ̱ѡ
ҿҲǺˡ½ǫ崧λؼңǿɿ켸ˣһҸ㿴ǼҵССѼǣ˵˲ٵһһһԺҲ
߻һԺٶԵӣЦ۾гߣղΪֹҪԷɱֻһ㣬Ҫˡ
֮ǰǼֳ׽һֵ˰ʣµûһȥ󷹣½ǫ뵽ʼдҪͺˣŪż࣬ϴ׷ɶóԡ
ûʲôֻ̿ˮʲô󲻹´ȥϣǮ๫ԡ
ƽʱ߸ԼܿţҲǸҲ½ǫ߾ȻʹǮжòˡ
һǱ߳ԹĶûģҪģһ߸һӡ½ǫͷߵļϣҲһѱҵСɰĸо
ߺվ๫ȥˣпվͶ౳飬ϲʹôô
Ҳһȥ½ǫ½᲻÷ף֡
½ȷʵ÷ףԭȫˣǴǲ׵ģֻӡ
½ǫ˵ԣ˵ӣóԵõġ
½Ӳǳ躢ӵģͰЩ׸ˡ
ƽʱా࣬ڵʱһηɽ첻겻ڵģ½ǫȻһİ׷
׿ֳģ˷ѡ½۵ں溰
½ǫ½½ѹŪȥһ룬˷ѣյļô㣬ҵóԸ룬ҲأҲó룬ɻ࣬ԵĿ϶Ҳ࣬𲽣һһȫ˳ԡ
½Ŀ𲽣ô˵ǷͰأ
ˣۼһʳֶװ£ҡ½ǫ¸ڹ͵ǽǣѹĸ½˵ʹһƽȥһ£ƽܶһһǧǼҲǮˡ
İͻƽһʸδһһƽһǧ
Ǵﻨ٣һܹһ꣬ǹķǳһ꣬˼ҼʮǮһ꣬ǴǼһЩ˼ңǳνףһɲ·߰껻һ׶ˣһǧӶǴ˵ˡ
٣½òѷڵϣð춼ز
ͨ˱ֻܿţ½Ҳˣ±͵ߣﶼʣ½ǫС˵ǧҪ˵ǮԼغˣˣҿס
á½ǫҲ¸½ѹԺ˴٣һѿһԺˣ͸ˡ
½ͷȻָ㣬˵ûǮʱΪ˿סǮȰǮǵĹǮˡ
ЩˣԺ˹٣϶Ҫ׬Ǯģǵ˵Ǯʲô
˵Ѿŵ׷ζˡ
½ǫûһΪ׷ζô
ߺܾˣԵĶ½ӣʼܳԸʣǾ˾;ñӴֲڣЩɤӡ
ô۵ɤӣҲ֪Щӻ᲻ʹÿγԷʱ½ǫܵߡ
Ҳŵζˣ̿ˮĸ๫̿ˮվԶһЩ
׷ζ̫ˣվԶһЩҲŵġ
òճķ½ǫԵĵ緹ķٱ
һһķȫˣʼ½᲻óԣҲۣզ˼ԡ
ǿ½ǫڴڵĳԷԵ̫ˣǿžͲĲУҲˣһ˳롣
½ǫЩԾһϵô½ܳ뷹ôȻҲ룬Ӳô
֮߾һֱԼĶӣͣĴá
½ǫս˿̲סȥ˵ˣҶš
Ķ㿪๫ķ̫ˣ̲סͶ˼롣
½ǫ߸ɢ˯ʱãܵ˯ž
Ŵ·ϲ·ƣҲͲԵ̫ˣյ·һ
½ǫߣҲܳԵ׷ôûθ󡣡
ڱ˼ͣ˼ôࡣִ˸ãϽסԼͣһᣬоöˣż½ǫ˵ҵķٺóԣҲû๫ķóԡ
УԺ½ǫߵֻ֣ʮָۣеػš
ž߽˰߷żǸС֣С죬߻ͦԸģϾЩɭ
½ǫߴ˴գ๫úڣǻȥɡ
½ǫĴ˿ָһ㿴ʲô
תͷһ˼ө棬ղŻͦµģ͵ؿС⣬ûӦһһ𣡣
ǣ½ǫЦ˵ө棬¡
۾ϸŷө棬Ǳ߻кö࣬һƬͦƯġ
ߺƯ߿ƬƬСҲûôˡ
һ䷢ֵģһֱ½ǫһ̸̸ֱҪ׼ЩСϲô
ƽʱҪѧϰҪɼĻ˶æĺܣɢĻᶼ١
½ǫө棬ýᣬʹ
֪ϲϲ½ǫЩСĵߣղŻ߸һЩġ
ϲû뵽½ǫнŵʱ򣬺棬Ҳܸж
½ǫֻ˻Σлл๫
Ϊлл๫½ǫ˵ذû˯žҹò˯žˣоؿڷλһȣԽԽ̣˯һǰһ׹⡣
۾ٴ۾ʱԼһֿ
ֿܴһŵĻܣİڷһţƤֽӡ
ЩֽӶǻɫģֻеһŵĵһɫ
½ǫ뵽Ϸ棬ɫĴδҪܽһƷ
ԽǰͦϲϷͷһμϷһһδϷ
ȥǸɫֽӣ뿴浽׷ʲôȴһ͸Ĳ
ƿϳһɫŽС֡
ռϵͳ6.0Ѽ⵽һοռʹǷעΪһοռʹߡ
ǡ
贩ԽĿռ䣿½ǫЩȷԼΣǽĿռ䡣
˼Ƭ̣ˡǡǸ
ϲ½ǫɹעΪһοռʹߣռϵͳһοռʹߵݣĵȴӡ
½ǫһһܼ̳Ķ
ָҳԱиʹ˵ǳǳС·һƵġ
ֵ㿪һǳҳ档
ʹùעһЩĽͣϸ
½ֻܴԼĺŮֻҪǺԣĿǰ½ǫǵǰѾλʹߡ
ÿһλʹ߶ܽһʹߣֻͨʹԼõƷ
⣬½ǫüԭǼһдԽĻҲ˵ǰ˶ԽҼ˻ͦħá
¿ſԭֻ̳ŻᴩԽҴԽǰ޷ʹġ
ҿռĶҪõͨСͬԴӿռõҲͨõռ䣬ʲôԴ棬ءݻˡ
ЩҪܸߺܸߵĵȼɣҴһֻܴռ֮󣬱߲нռļ䡣
½ǫһµȼҪһټܴˣ֪첻졣
տ˵飬ǱҲˡ
ɣһݣעա
ĿǰȼΪһǷ񡣡
½ǫȵ㿪ϲ㼶ӣÿֻܴΪһƷó幫
ֲһٿţǷܡ
Աһͼ
ų͸ˣȷϡ
ܳɹʱ䲻ޣɽ㼶ӡ
鿴ԼĵȼǱʾҪ񣬲ڶ
ֻܿһʣɼһֲ
½ǫĵͷ԰ˡ
ڶ½ǫؿڵ壬Ϊˣ˼ҹΣеˡ
˸Сɱ˻ͷ˯
ôһ߸ˣԺ۾֪Լ˯ͷˣ˯ȥܾˣ
ϽӴ๫ôң̫ˣ㻹ûιмѼҪιü񼦵Ѽ쵰Ҫȥɻˡ
˵ŻŻææ´һһһ£ˤ
ԻĿŴߵһͷ๫ʲôۼҵôһҴδĶϳˣ
½ǫ㱻ʱˣȹעûˤ󿴵ĵһ
ԭΡⶫ÷ڿռôѵΪӲԾ͸ˣ
ռеӣԣǵССĲȫ⡣
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


61 
ߣ۸Ҽ๫
ʲôΣ๫ʲôˣѵȥ, һⶫʵͦСģĶ
½ǫĶҲûôˡ
߶, չȥǶȿһ, Ҳûζ, Ҳƽƽ棬Ǻܺÿ, ¸ˡ
½ǫԱߣ˵ʱ˵˵α˹ȥ˵, ͽȥһ, Ϊ, ˭֪һġ
Ŵ˺Щ⽨ŵĹ֮˵˵, ߻, Ҳš
ǻߣ־ò̫׵
֮ǰķ˵ǵظĸ׸Щһ
ԵظķҲǴԼֳģֵʳҲǴҼĳԹġ
һ, һִûмԹʳ, ʹž, ˵ⶫǴӵظ, ˭ҳ԰
д˵˵ظĶͻزˣôţ϶ⶫ
ļƻԼһ֣Ҫչһ֣Ҫƹ㵽ȫء
ñһɣ˲£Ǳɡ
ͷ½ǫĻش๫˵ʱĲˣ볢û๫˵ǰóԣǲܽ๫Ĺ⣬Ҳζ
½ǫҡͷȻĸ׸ҵģģĸǱûʲôֲﶼˣĸǱ߳Եһλɽ͸ġ
һ
ûһӣ˷ܵĲˣϽ๫˵˵ô¡
½ǫ˼Ƭ˵ұɽȥ׽ֻӳԣŪϲûи㡣
½ǫ˵첻ɽǼҸɽҸɽǴˣԶһЩɽϴǷҰɽ
Žɽɽ˴ʲôƲҲ̫Զҿʯͷ£òҵһʯͷǱһλͷŹȵţ˵Ť˽ţŻؼҡ
ʱͦģһˣͱţָĴ·ߡ
˺ԶԶ￴һСӣŷڷǰһ˵ɽɽţĳã͸л
˵ɢˣ̧ͷλźͷӶˣΪΣ֮Ŀ߷һ
ûƤϿöйƵ๫Ҳ֡
½ǫ֣ҪǴһȥͺˣҲ뿴ɽųʲôӣһΣһҪһ𡣡
½ǫɲܱ֤ΪԺ֡ҪкööΡ
½ۿŶˣ˻ӷȥӵţ̫ˣŸƿˡ
ſ֮½Ϳڵ϶һǱ졣
߻ǳ˷ܣǿʲôϡ䱦һ
½չȥƣǿһЩûĶɫҲҲûʲôŵζ漴ĿһۣɶأôҲţ
๫ղš˷ܵذѸղ½ǫ˵Ĺظһ飬ֻǰ½ǫһɽץӵĸ̫ˣȻһ๫ɽץӡ
ȻûҪ½ǫԼȥģҲ˵ĸᡣ
ԴӼ޽֮û½˵ô໰½ø档
֮½ƲƲ죬½ǫɶʱȥˣɽˣôء
ﻹûʱҾȥˣץֻӳԡ½ǫ˵
½⻰ˡ
Ӷ߶֪ģҪ˵½ǫûе˯ȥɽɢţ˵Ϊץš
Ҳûߣ⺢κ²Ը˰æҪ˵Ҳ½ǫԼϸȥɽץӡ
½Ҳ£һţⶫҪôԣôͨܺóô
óأ½ǫѿ˼ţһһʮţֳһٿżֱСһʮǳԣʣµֵȥ
Ļλˣ½ûԹⶫɽ̸ģҲ̬ȣⶫܺóôҩİɣ֥࣬ˣһſܲβ
ۼҷӺͷǻһƬ˵ôȫˡ½ǫǵп֣һкü飬ﶼܻһҲܽʮпܡ
ۼҲԲˣ½һˣ׼ЩСײ˳ԡ
Ǵ˺гȥ˵ģһ㶼ԼֲˣҪô԰֣Ҫôǰݺŵĵطֳ֣Ĳ˶Լԣ͢ղ˵ص˰ֳĲ˲ԼԣóȥҲղ˵ص˰
һ˼Ĳ˵زܴ󣬵½ҵĲ˵رȽϴǼֲ˵һƬԭǸȦ½޽ʱֻȦûп޵Ǹʲôɣô
ˣ½һ˴ŸɵӣҲûľȦһֱɷĵط
½ǫɵˣܰżɻҲܰæ½ͰǸȦˣЩܲСײˡ
ôһƬȫҪˣһ㣬档½һسȥǺʹ
ǼȦԱ߲һСƬôǱֲ˰ɣǱϺãԺĵңұعҪְʮ硣½ǫ֪Լһܻܲܻ١
ȻһҲýĿֻҪֶʮС
һ֣ûо飬֪ߵʺϲʺֲȰʮֳ֡
һݶʮԣһʮŷڵؽãĶʮÿгĿ飬ֽ￴
½ϵֿ˿ӣʮôֳʮŵ磿
½ѧˣ½ǫÿ½ǫӲʱ򣬾µʱø֧֡
˿ɶҪʼ½ǫɵѾˣĲٸѹ
УְɣȻɽŸӣһС½
½ǫԭô½п֣δ˵½ͬˣ½ǫֲ
͵Ļߣû˵еûš
Ǳ½Ҳͦ˿ġ
Сû飬Խٴ뿪½½ܵĸŵĸо
½ǫ·Ž߰æһȥؽ
ʮӺŴһЩ糴ãʣµȫŽ˵ؽ
߿½ǫ˳Ҳĸ˽ȥɱļûأҪɱĸ᲻ģңǼϴļѾԵĲˣʣµĸļðҪ¸²ܳԣҲ᲻ھɱ˳⡣
÷ż⣬ҲܳԵóԵҪҪԣ½ǫ׼˿׷ǲˣ½϶ͬ԰׷һࡣ
߱½ǫһСŵţﻹһǡ
֮ǰɽ髶Ǻ«һ룬ˣǺ«ϵһǿǲ̣ûǺ«Ǹ½ɽ髾ˣûǺ«ԣǳԵҲͨǣ½ǫưǡ
Űǣ½ǫһƤ¶Ĺƫɫ
ֲǺܻƣǵۻƣû߲ˣζˡ
ôԻ᲻óԣ
Ųܳԣ˻ӡ½ǫתͷǵĶһеԼָ
ѸٵתΪ˲ģٿǱߡ
ȴ汦Դ½ǫÿһõ
½ǫ˿гϸϸ˿·Żˮϴʱˮûǣ˵ĻǣһɫĳƵģΪʲô
ǵۡ½ǫˮϴһֵۣ뵽ۣԺֶˣõ
ԽôãҲûмûۣܸеعϷۻ׷۰ɣЩڴ϶ûмӦȥǱûгԹ׷ۡ
ҲûмعϣתͷߣԹع𣿡
ҡͷû˵
½ǫٴ˼Ҳع϶ûС
½ǫͷ߲ˡˮٵĿ
Ϸ˵߲ˮӦ÷ǳḻŶԣȴճǼˮ
Ŀǰˮֻɽ髡÷һЩ֪ɽӡ
Ǳ߳Թ棬ȹ÷Լϡ
ʣЩˮʲôƻ㽶÷ȵȵȵˮᶼɣ
һȼҪСһټⱲ
ĸ֮ǰֻ˶Ϊĸ׵ıʼпĸ׸ϲΡıЩûмȤټϺǸ޲ˣûɣûʱ;ȥˡ
ĸһټͿ԰ǸװռĴҲųÿսȥĥһ˭Ѳ飬ĵһöܲˡ
½ǫջ˼ʳʱ뵽ǸĵˣӰĲ˵ĿڸС
½ǫѡСԳһڸ࣬رĿθ
˿ϰװ׵࣬һȫԳˡ
ԭ½ģƽƽ˿һȶûзţܺóԵȥû뵽оĿڸС
ҲûгԹóԵĶͣˡ
һڰһ˿Ե˼ףʱˣԭ緹㴮ţһҳԵô㣬Ҳ̲סѯʲô
˳˫ӣԼһ˳Ϊ˿
һ۾ˣȣûʲôθڣⶫðҳ˷ģֱ㹴ʳ
඼ˣ½ֻܸ˸ӹǱӰѹʣµһЩ˿֭ųˡ
߳Ա½ǫɽǱߵ۾Բˡ
С½øҪǴˣɽţҲؼңòôõĳʳ½ǫûУܸܲҲؼȥ
½ǫҡͷУڻܸ㣬Ҫӣֳ֮һһø㳢һʡ
ҪǮģѸ㼸ԣӿɲҪ߱ҲǮ¡
½ǫŹرǿϴҲΪĹ´Ӷǣɹﴫȥ϶ҲһĿ졣
ͦˣ½ǫһüǵһ
½ǫӦˬ죬˵Ҫֲķ
ǰ½ǫ˵˸ϢŲˣ²˴ˡ
ˣʲô½ǫþûмˣҲûаǮҲû·żС½ǫûϣҲ
ڰ֣ԴܰԼΣ֮ǰ˵һţȴˣɲǵðô
½ǫ̲סЦ˲ϲĥˣҲϲĥԼ
ԱƲ죬С˵ã˭۸๫أӦ˰ɡ
߻ˡЦŸ߿Ц߶ø뿪
ߵſڣͿŵӼҴҵĹˣôָ֣ŵӻȥˣ뿴˹ʲô
߿ŵӹˣʶľ๫
ʱ߶֪ԼСƫҪԸߴ๫
ŵһҪ£½һŵסðŻعվſΨΨŵŵģûǰš
½ǫ˵ŹҼˣѾˣŹɡ
ҷŹҶʲôˣ½ǫĪ
ҲԱ߰ǻֲС½ģ⻰˵ĺС½ȥƵġ
ʶô٣ظˣ˵ŴӻͳһͭǮŵϣǮһˣǧҪҼ๫
½˵ŲĲᣬŵ˵ˣǮûȥ๫βɣˣԺٲ
ôҪЩǮһֱ˵½ǫŹǣһ½ǫǮͻᱨһ
ǮˣһϽˡ
ҡͷΪԴԼģԭǵСԼԼŲˣԼСˣ;ñ˶СĲɣС½ɲһ
߱ʾͬͣԱߵͷҼ๫ؿ㣬ǮҲᱨǵģ๫̫ˣܱЩ۸
һԵ½ǫߵĻеЦô߿бǰСֿˡ
ЩǮ½ǫã½ˡ
Щǵ½ʡԼøԭѧõģûǮû
Թ֮߻ȥ֣½ȥ￴½ǫȥ
ǵҪгС飬ŷѿֽ֮
֮ǰоؿڵЩ΢΢ȣ۾ռ硣
ռŷ֣ϵͳһϢ
㿪Ļϵ䣬浯һֲֲᣬǳϸдֲʱ򡢷ϱֲͬ·ݡ
½ǫõö֮󣬾Ͳִˡ
յ͵ĴӣֻܷһƷŷ޷Žȥ
Żʽһ򣬰ѼŽŷŽӣʧˡ
ΪһҲһϧС
ͷţԷڵؽﴢ棬طŽռ䡣
룬صҲƽˣǰƽóֱռ
ˣĶˣռĶˡ
л˵
췢һСɡ
ʮӸ۵СǷһʮǰ۱µС鶼кл2022-04-05 23:20:16-2022-04-06 23:20:16ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


62 

½ǫÿ춼һʱȥԺ, һˡ
ǳ緹ʱ䣬ûô磬ûпʲô
ǹĵλ, ȫ˶֪ƬֵɽŸӡ
½ǫôȥ, ǲ뵢￴ʱ, ȴ˼
ôֵأǲƼô, ǸǸ
ܲǱôɽָģû׼֮ء
Ƹ֥һ˵֥һһžҪһǧӣ᲻һҲһǧӣ
ôãҪȻ͵͵ȥһʲôӣ
ɱ, ɽŸĶҪ͵, ٲ㡣
۵, мȥ͵ƵҲ˵˵ҪǶ, Ҳҡ
ǴС̸˲, ηĺܣƫƧɽ壬ǵų̶ȼӱǲȥ͵мɽ͸½ǫ, ȥĵ˰ݡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴ, Ǽ˻ȥ·ϼ˼Ǯ, һ˷һǮ, Ǿɽˣһݡ
һʮʮٵģö˶ݣڴӵĶݡ
½ǫվԼԺ￴ͷĲΰȺ
ͷһȦʰɣһǰѸճûߵȻˡ½ǫܵģһٿΪЩŵĴʧܡ
ģһС׼ţǺϣκһ磬⵽Ӧ
Сͷװʲô½ǫСŵС黨ƿһ϶뿴ʲô룿
źö˴ԶӱĴӹģȥǵˮ˳˵ˣǹ๫˵ֳ֮Ҫȥôͷ½ǫ๫Ϊװʲô
½ǫҡҡͷûʲôҸһȥˮ
½ǫÿô񣬻
½ǫæ飬ҵ½һЩȥǱʱѺƢĲᣬд겻׼˯
½ǫ˱˳˳Ȼóö壬ڷ֮ǰȸ
ĿȻ˹ȥ壬ôᵽˣ׸ģ
½ǫͷ˵ԳǻģΪʲôҪҰûǸˣɲţ
ҡͷҲа̫׽ͺá
½ǫͷֽȥдˡ
̻߲֣Ҳߴˣǵ߲;·ѧЩݣʫ
߶дʫ߿ЩʫǶȴоЩʫʫ棬ԺҲдôʫ𣿡
Цŵͷߺľ˵š
ˣ߿ɲԳˣǸͨͨĸиˡʫ˵ģҲеġ
ҪҪΪȫһλʫˣ
𣿡߾˵ĳΪʫ˵Ļջ롣
Ϊҵĵӣ׼˵СģߴʼǸηη˶˵ҵĸڿ˽˶ӡܶдֵĸгɾ͸С
ĵӣǣæ֣Ǹ½ǫһģ˳ĿΣһֱԼ½ǫĸӹƷûгϹԼļֵ
ҽôãʦ
ǲǣĵӡҪ֪һӣЦģҲΪˣżæŵĽ͡
ҡͷκ£˶ҵУʲô˸ҳɿޣֻҪվĹߣʲô˶ֻ㡣
ǸҲ𣿡߼ֱͨͨĵ𣿡
һֱ˵
һԵķд½ǫԽԽòԾԼСԱ£ǂz˶ڿԼǼ
ʲôҸ߽Σġ½ǫѧϰ̬ȺܲԱߵѧϰ̬ȸãʲôѧʲôʱҲǳ죬ӲӺŪ
Ҳģ˭̫ˡ½ǫһ˫أ̫̲סΣʵǳԴˣ߻ᱻ˸ˡ
εҡͷ㰡˼ѧϰϣΪžͶ˲иˡ
½ǫͣѾˣͲùˣרѧϰԹôȳ֮һЩ
ʣӿһɱˣǵûҵǣѾԵҦһֵ˰ɡ
ʱҦһɽ֮УҦĺܶ࣬ѧǶģȴǸ׳ա
ɽ֮ҦһһСľݣһһζһģſһƬ˵أо
˳Ŀ죬Ҫü£һʼССҦӣ˵а¾ͿԳˡ
ɵڶգҦͱǿ°ߡ
̾˿Ӽл˵ԼѧҺȻһЩҪ

֮һʱ½ǫĹҲû¹ÿζ⣬ѧдʫ˺ööԼʫȴǰۡ
½ǫ佱ʫ
ⶫҪκû츳Удʫ½ǫʫķԵ͸͸ġ
ʫȴǳӲ壬˵ѺҲѺϣûи顣
ߵЩãһЩ֪ʶҲǺġ
ܱǿ䣬ĴǣʫҲԽԽ
˵ЩʫţԺ߳һʫ
½ǫǰ̫ˣⲻðԵģĴף߾ǳĹذҲǾͲԴˣһȥ߲Ǹô
ļڵܳˣ½ǫڵؽûŻɣȥɱֻ԰ɡ
ʵˣǾļûɱ̫ϧˣһֱĵš
ԣҪǣҪŻˡ߽͡
½ǫƲ˵ƣ֮ǰըһӣһʮؽ¶ȵͣż¶⣬ȥɱȥ㳢֮ǰ
ߵͷܹȥץֻʵļҪɱʱ½ˣ½˵һСɱʲô
߳ǰ˾ʱĸ˵ѾһСˣҪæɵڳףͶʮˣȴĸ˵ǸСӣЩޡ
ң̫ˡ
֮ǰͨ˵Ѿѵõζˣ½ǫζͲһ
γʱͬһγԵĴʱ˿ǴģڶεӺһֿڸУζҲǲͬġ
⣬г˴飬ֻ֪ĿڸС
һմУԭⲻҲǸ˿ǰǴİɣĿڸУһһͱѹˣܵĿڸкŨζŵ˵߲㱻ιȥ
½ҲͬķӦǼӺùˣЩԡ
һڼ½˵ϲζ
òˣڳˣ½ǫųͷȥ˼ȥ˵ֻΪҪȥݡ
иⶼˣǰ춼ˣû㲻ǰɽŸֻ˰ɡ
ɽŸԣǷֲ˵ĶһŲ˵ЩҶӣܿϧûͦãҪܽͺˡ
û׼Ҫ꣬ɴϽءһүү˵
ȻǾͿ½ǫóͷһţһæȥţ㳤ҲòϾɽŸĶСⱨӦ
½ǫ㿪ǵţΪǵĹʵ
ǿԱߵٵĲˣŽ˵ͷȥͿӸŴСС߰˿ֹˣﻹûק˶˿
Ȼܽô࣡һȥܷʮһӾ
һһŵ֣һſгС飬ܳüء½ǫ֮ǰ̫ˣ֮ǰһķݣһһöмݣҲûôĵأҲ֡
ɶ⻹п֣һԵĴүĶˣȻûгζôһ㲻óҲܱ˵ɽŸģôѳԣ̾½ǫ۸
ʱȲȫڻȥжٿ֮ٶ۸񡣡½ǫԤһӵܽͲˣʮ˰ʮţ㣬ڳٿ
һڣ½ǫܾˣҲǸһСľǡ
ȻҲܳԣǲÿҲ״ţԵʱ򻹵ð˵ĵطȥ
ԭһڣ⻰Ҳˣ˸Ա߼ڳһıȥڵؽ
˵ӣ½ڸѿǣûרŵĻҲǸû½ǫæ
½ǫ˸һ죬һֱ˲ڰƬȫ˼ҡ
;½ǫߣȲҪˣԼ˳ͱȥˡ
ȴ˵ڼҺ棬߼·£ࡣ
߲Ӳһİ˻ȥϸ۵Ĳˡ
½ǫҲȥжˣһֱӲȥˮһⷦ
ˮպˣ·Ͱתͷ߹ʱ򣬿߸£ѿӣǰļһƬʱ½ǫۻˡ
ɲôˣҪȻҹЩǣ½ǫ߱ˮ۵Ľ§ҪΪʫ˵ģۻ塣
˵ʫˣ䶼ˣ㲻Ҫ˵ңǼ£ܽʫˡУڴҼһ㣬ԭǼҲǮˣӦòˡ
½ǫ֪ڹתƻ⣬ߵָ֣϶ˮˣ۵ĲˣдһʫҲʫˣԺҪúðϧԼ֣ĸʫ˱ĥˮģ
Ҳûĸһġ̲ס죬ǰٻ죬ﲻͬ˵ĻҲţﲻ˾ͻ˵๫ǲҲҲũʲôˣһܰԺЩᵽؽȥһܡ
δ˵꣬⧲ı½ǫס͡
߾ȵŴͣø½ǫɳ֮
ǽǶǴ·ģ컹ͷһʱ½ǫסͣ±½ǫ׳ӦʱûκεڵԷȥЦŵߣԡͰˮڳȥһѡ
½ǫѹԡͰıԵײҶˡ
Ϊ½ǫһзӳˣһܴ󡭡
ǰû½ǫӹǵʱ߲֪ԼôַӦǱ½ǫףÿαףӿ֮⣬ÿζвķӦ
ôξ֪ܽϲһ˵ıְɣŲϲ˾ͲַӦ
½ǫʱķӦôǵǶϲ
½ǫˣΪǱŵãƿһЩλã֮䱣һľ룬ҪҸ걳𣿡
Ѹٵת½ǫ걳
תʱһʵղΪ½ǫֱӸҪأĳڴͬʱҲп־ġ
δ֪³˿־壬˵ۣ֪ܲܳŵס
½ǫʵ̲סˣһѳֲסҪ˵Ͻˡ
һһõ飬Ҫȫȫ׼õʱ
ڲһ˱ܣҲЩܡ
ս߶ƽʱԼô
ʲôߺ£ǸȻ˸һ٣ǴС̵ķʽ˲ͬǲԼģԼʲôҲ֪Ϊ⣬ԼˣҲǴԼ
½ǫôûʲô
½ǫ̽֡
һҪʲô
ܺ£ҷս˫ۣȻ¼ϺߣȴܷϣܵⱲӶûļµĿ֡
߷ǳĿ죬½֮½ǫ˲ָ˵˵֪ҪôˣԺԼҪҲԽңʱԸΪ񡣡
ߺ˵һ仰ǰû½ǫһƬհ׵ĴˮҵĲӾ˱ֱһֻҿС

ڶһ磬½ǫȥȻһǧ
ȻСһжٿСһЩģ˵ҲǴɹ
û˿ţ˿ռ䡣
ռĲѾɹѡ
һ壬ɹĽ
ϲ񣬽ѵˣעա⸽һִעա
½ǫüͦã˳־͵㿪ִ鿴
һǧԭЩģֶһǧţôôˡ
Ƿһ񡣡
ǡ
½ǫԥľ͵ǣȻϹˣͷҲʺֲˡ
ŪõĻܳˡ
2ֲһٿ㼶
Ǵӡ½ǫ²һСĶǴӣҲãԷŶԺҪǰҶЩ
˳һ£һֲ񣬡ס
л˵
ˣ㡣
и¾Ҫµͼȥˡл2022-04-06 23:20:16-2022-04-07 23:56:39ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


63 
һ𷢲
Ǹö, ҲĶ࣬Ҳֵģ½ǫЩ⣬ֻЩʱ̫, , , ôʱһһټ˵ⱲӶ޷ˡ
½ǫһߺ½˳ڼ, ûڿռͣܿȥˡ
ȥֱ֮߶һڴ
Ⲽڴ󣬹Ĺҵģ²װСһЩ, ȥĴȴԣĴС
ΪһҲԳһһ, ⴥ, ½ǫĻͳˡ
ⴥзѣһĴ, ϵŲڵ, ζǺĴ˼磬۾ʱſ˲ѡ
ЩѹƼǧˣ֪ɻΡ
պãֲֲҪյղæ, ׼ľͷ, ӵ, , ӷڣֲӡ
ȻڵͼϷǶȴûôů治ֲҲͦ䡣
ȣûож䣬ʱ굽Ҳûжˡ
ҪǾˣɲ굽Ļͷ
¯ӣŪûжûֳһ鱻Ѭ͵òʧˡ
ԽǰڱѩĶũҲֲ߲ͨˣȥһ߲˴ժ԰ժˣʱιһ£ϴһǽǽһ¯ӣ¯ջ̻˳ǽߣ̴ðȥǽȵġ
½ǫܺ棬һǼôⲻܣǼ˸ũ弸ҼһֻǽӺҲһͶֻǶǶ򵥡
½ǫſԼͼҸǷӵ
һмӣ飬ԣͰߵӻ½Ӷ𿻺ͻǽӣҲůͣûú̫ϲˡ
½ǫһǧڵؽֳЩԺ׼һˡ
طʱˣȴڱﲻԸ
Ҳڱûȥ½ǫ˯һ
֮󣬻£߸оֵܶطôܽ½ǫȥ
û½ǫڱ߷ߵĴ˼пץץͷƽʱ˳ģûˣڵʮָӡ
ŭкߣЩдøС
½ǫߵߣƿһǣųһСŵߣˣ˯Ļ
!߽һĻסԼĶ䣬ĵ˵Ҫϵˣˡ
½ǫֱᵯһ£ǰ˵СС¶ܲסԺôС
ҡҧ촽˵ˣȦȴģ˼ίС˵ҿСġ
½ǫڴߣߵͷʵҲԲģҵĸ׾Ϊҡ
˵ͣ£ĸѲȥǴԽǰ£˵һĸ׵ͬ˵ѡ
ĿڵĸΪңҲǾһΪңҪӣǱ㲻ҪˣҺﶼ㣬һӣҸҪ㿪ĽĹһ
ҪСԼġ֮ǰҪʲô˵˵ˣ½ǫܾˣͲǿˣҪСȴܼᶨ
½ǫȻߣҲߵѡҲԼ뷨˵ˣҸж㣬ٵ꣬ȵ˾׼Σ
๫һĸ£ܺߣܸо½ǫأܸж
ǿ𣬷ˡ½ͷ
߸ϽӴȥ·Ϊ̫ػ۵ûվס½ǫæס·ʲôˣЪţĻ
Թ緹½ǫһ࣬ȸ½һʢһ룬潽һŨŨļҲϣЩζˣǻ࣬ζպá
Ҩһ׳˳ζ۾˲ˣôԺпҪóԣԲԣиζ֮ǰ˿ӻζóԣͬζȫһôôóԡ
½Ҳ޲ڣô࣬Ǵȫ˶ųԣ
½ǫͷôҳζζܾҪҪ򣬱Ͼ׬ЩǮס
ҲӦˣ½ͷûЩ˱ϰ߻ͶǼô࣬Ǹø˶һЩҪԵĶۼУҲУû͵ıҪֻǼУҪǲͣ˸ǵˣȥ
½ǫˣҸһͬȥȥ嶫ͷǱߣȥͷǵýǴ룬Ǽҵ겻á
֪ˣôˣ֪½˵ڼ￴ңҪûˣæкһ¡
ߴû£Ȼͬˣǰæʢһԣ˵仰ѣɶһ˵ֱѡ
ĸѵýôҪôܾܾӲͷƤҲϡ
ȻӦԴúΪѣĸܿģڲĸûõˡ
½ǫЩҪǾΪѣȻط䣬ԺһᣬҺܿͻ
УףǷİ½Ұɡ
½ǫЦԴһѣã߳ˣЩˡ
߲˼תͷҿˡ
½ǫ½ȥ֪ͨ˼ңҾԷĻ֪ˣͲô鷳İҰܡ
ûһ½½ǫͻˣһΧˣһ˴˸룬ǶļС룬´һһ벻֡
½ǫһһﻹţһһϣҪٲһ
ܴһ͵ʮ
ÿ˶ʢһ࣬ϼŵζ̫ʵˣҷôõĶ
ǳһ࣬ζŨڸܣǴδԹζе˸ߵһγĸо࣬Ҫιȥˡ
и̲ס˵Ҳ̫ˣǳԵĶҸоҶҪˡ
ߵĵҲˣվȺͷҲ볢ɶζ
ǰЩǳԵô㣬Ҳǰȥζﲻȥ϶˵ǺôҲĸô˶磬һԲϣ
ߵĵܵǣػΣҲԣȥ˵˵һԳ԰ɡ
ܵǸӲģ֮ǰ۸ߣ½ǫǸɵӣ϶Ҳ۸˭֪ᵽ壬һΣ͹ˡ
±ŹԣΪǰ۸߲űˡ
ſվ˺ð죬˶õһС࣬Ũļϼ˿ˮˡ
϶ŵȥҪһ룬ǲԺţ½ǫһۣͱŵջ˽ţ½ǫһ˵Ļ°򣬸Ͻźˡ
½ǫûд˵İãһܵô죬оĪҲûи˵͵ʲôûп
ҳ࣬½ǫû½ǫǽ˼Գųըųԣһ߸߲һųԣըӳӱҲУҲ˿裬ⶫ˳ԣųԲС
û鷳ܶʳﶼҪ˲ܳԣǳʶ⽻Ҳġ
½ǫֳҽһֲķᵽļǮ
ǸϡȻһһ׼һҲ̫̫˴Ҳԡ
ļ۸ǳŵǮһͨһǮһСһǮ
˸ճ꣬ζûɢȥأ۸ҲûоùⶫɽŸģöǮ󣬻úܻ㣬һŴĻȥи߿ֵȥʱ߿磬ʮ
ⲻ൱ڻǮ󳤳ʮǮôɽŸⲻҡǮô!
Ҫʮģ
ңҼʮ
ʮ
ֻҪ𣿡
Ҫ٣½ǫҪҲ
ԱǮǮյֶˣԺһı٣Ҳһż¶ûˣûóˡ
жǮ½ǫ˵ˣͷһ˼ﶼôǮˣͱ׬ǮˣԼ˳԰ɵ뷨
½ǫһһ߸˵˵ůˣһЩɣһһЩ׼ͷľ¥͹ȥЩ˳úóԣ϶Ǵ򣬵ʱһ𷢲ơ
˸˷ܣ֮ǰ˸½ǫһЩ˼ҶܳԵϱˣҲ֣Ҫǻȥָʮţ¾գһΣһǮǾǺüİ
֮ǰ˼˼ҧҧֶ˼ؼ֮Ҳˣ͵ŹֵȥٳҲ١
˶ˣԺҲˣһǮǮý½ǫ
½ǫȴ˵ͭǮµ˽Ǯɡ
һǧءÿ¶ܵõ½ǫǮÿζжǮӣѾ˺öǮˡ
һͭǮģԵúöö࣬е㲻գƽʱǮˣٸǮá
Űɣ½Ա˵ͷǮӦã߲ǴǮˣһǧǮ˰ɡ
ûУ߻æ֣ҾǾ๫ôֻһǧǮȫˣҲ̫ˣǰæһƵġ
аæ¶ֻһĿģߺϺӡ½ǫǸ߻ƣɣһˡ
ˡ½ǫĻжıӷᣬźӻ˷䣬Ѻϸպã½ǫ˵һܳȥ½ǫ๫ղôۼһ𣿡
У½ǫƭ˿ǧղֻһ֣ʣһǧţһٿʣµĵȹʱȥңǮDǮDо¥ھ¥ƹһˡ
ĺãЩ˾ͶǴǴӵľҲͷչˡ
ʱͰֳʱˣʱܰԼҵҲƹһȥ
ûˣˣΪ½ǫҪȥǱѧϰ˭֪½ǫæˡ
ǲͣػͼֽȻ˸ڴӵĽ˹ͻǽӣԼľ˼ķûӵĴӣ˵Ҫֲá
߿๫ææģЩۻӡ
½ǫľ·òƵģͼֽҹˣල˸ҵ䣬ܳسѧϰϻ򻭲ס
˵½ǫ׵ʱĴչȥʲôӵĲףȻҪ
һסˣ½ǫĲֻǲˣǻһˣһ˾顣
⻭δ磬ϸڻĶǳϸõԭɵĸס
߸Ʋ۾֮ǰõǼҲˣ˻ò񫣬½ǫ󿴡
¿ͷǣҦ˵ظǸˣһְλЩŮǰϵ
һ磬ظҲ룬ҦҲһͬȥˣаҦЩã칬֮Щ̰͵͵ܳȥһ£С߽ŷһСɶСĴϯҪõķˣǱ߿
Ҧȥæ˵ˣæ˺üˣȾġ
￪ʼ˵ÿһϸڶĺϸֻҪ⻭ܸһģһĲ
֮СɶҦĲ˶ȥɻδԣһӵʵ飬˵ҦһظС٣ķɼҵĿڣҪˡ
ܶҦĲˣҲĲ¿ڣȴһɾƷˣЩȵۺܸߣĵλͣ˶Ϊ˰ͽˣҵı׷׶סˡ
ܿĳλµϲɾɾȴĿҦػЩ޲ڣʳӡ
Ȼɾĳ࣬½ǫǰδİְʱģиϷҲǰĸϷ˲䡣
һĹĸ׾ֻǸظһССĹԱְӡ
½ǫ°۾ûлܾþͣ˱ʡ
δǰ½ǫҲϴһĸѾˣ᲻᲻̫ã
ĸǰԸǣҰǣҲԸ½ǫתסߵסĸ״񣬶һͨŮˣ˶ͨü֪Ǹǻ۵ˡ
½ǫ֮ǰǸ˲ѹĸףĸǸŮӣ԰ĹϣҪͨЩ֪ĸǸвŻˡ
ʼܻ̫ӵľ飬´ûȥ
ʼһЩˡСô˽ϲ֮ҲŻȤȥ˽顣
½ǫĻžԼ뷨̫ˣȥĸеɣôܽвء
ˣ½ǫҪôＸȥϰµ˸˷Źȥ˵Ҫæһȥ顣
ǮDǱߣ֪£ļݳ½ǫļҡ
½ǫȥˣ֮ǰ½ǫֻһ֣СˣŸ˦ӶһЩ
½ǮDȥȻᣬȿȲ衣
ǮDһ۾ͿϵĻǻеϸھˣ֮ܿУ¾ģҦȥӣȻ½ǫửôϸڡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


64 
ּ뾩
½ǫʱ, Ϳ޵ϡﻩǮD
߸Ͻ˸ӣǮ壬ʲôˣȱż˵Ǵһ취
Ǹĳ, ǰĳô, 鷳, СҲǰȥѯ
տʼǮDʱҲҸǮDӻ˵, ǮDÿζһЩС
ĵģһЩСΣĲ;꣬ǲ豭, ˵ʼѧʫ֮󣬻ͷʫ߿
ǮDᾭ佱, ˵ʱȫûгļ, ǸͬĺƵģһЩȤ顣
ö֮, ߶ǮDҲϤ, ˣ˵仰
½ǫ߹ȥЩûСĵ㣬ˮ棬໭ġ
ǮD⻰޵ĸ,߻, ½ǫô, ˵˻𣿡
ֽˮ½ǫճ
ǮDЩ,һֱСأôܻŪСҦĻأСҦȥ칬ˣȥˣ˵ģ
½ǫ
˵ֻԼģ֪ôЩЩ칬ϸڣЩͨһЩӾģ˻칬ȫһ
ɴˣֻȥ֪١
϶ģһġǮD½ǫ´εʱܴܲңǲҸ˯һŴСҦεʱ򣬾˳ң
½ǫһˡ
ҲȰǮDûõģҸ๫סһҲδЩΣӦֻ๫һܸĸһ
ǮDÿϧܿȥζ½ǫЩˣ⻭Ǵѧģǰ
µĻע⾳дʵż½ǫֻ磬úʣӾҲǳǿ
½ǫСѧʱڽжڣԺңǮ˸ʦרŽ
ѧҲǹЩĻ磬ǹֹŷĻ硣
ʱѧ˲ٹŴķ̡죬ⱾסŻĵӦ֡
ֻʱѧ꣬ǱԼϰ͵͵ѧģ˸¶ϰֲ׼ѧˣרѧϰӦԸ߿ȻͰǮͣˡ
Ȩһ£ǮҪҾ͸һ꣬ȸ߿֮ѧϰֻܹܵĵ
߿жھͽˣҪҵ׵Ժ󣬵ѧĶԼģôҲǡ
츳½ǫǮDһѧӣû취δλʦץֻ˵츳Լоġ
ˣҲˣȥӡˢ飬Ե飬߸׵½ǫóŵĴͼݸǮDЩӡСĿƬÿһӷһţǼƷܸͣܲһӣĺֿŪ´޶ֻйһʣʱûˡ
½ǫǵôԽǰԼұó鿨ر񣬶һſ鵽˻꣬ҪռƬÿһܽҲûа취ĸƬ
ⶫ͸δ׷ǵӦԮɣõСĿƬӦû㣬ҪһЩĺٻŴһЩġ
뷨˵ǮDǮDһĴȣ⻹ñ˰֮ǰϵһСӰͼͱˣöȥղأ⻭СĴģһϼܾ͵ñ⣬ҵֲܱ֤ÿ˶ܳ鵽
½ǫЩ⣬֮ǰΪĿ죬ΪǮDĺãӰ󣬻ǮD֮ǰһĸӵĹ£ټǸʶ
Բô࣬ʼǮDûôʱ򣬼۸񻹳˵һһ顣
ԭôԭΪǸĸ׵ļӰ
ǼӰôÿҲǸ򵥵ļʻΪʲôô˻Ϊһʻ
Ȼ뵽ĸ׵ıʼǣʼᵽмӵˣɺ߼ķİ
½ǫû뵽ǼˣֻһӰҲôɥʧǣΪ
ҲǴϵĳħǿռһʲôϵͳпԼĻ񶼻ɥʧǵİ
ǮDѾȲˣˣоöüҹӰӵˣȻŪꡣ
½ǫżԼ뷨ˣǮDڹǰô࣬뵽һӣģһҲ˶סʱⱾ飬Ҫ飬ǻоŰٿȥҳӰЩѧˣȹڼҾ¥ȿһЩˡ
ǮDĵӣоԼҵ˸үɡ
֮ǰոռ½ǫʱΪԷǸũСӣۿ½ǫҪ½ǫؼңԴǮԼ׶ţԺҪ½ǫˡ
̸Щ½ǫ͸ø̸۸ˡ
ϴͷҪļ۸ͣԭЩģֻṩһûǮûЩǮ˵Ѿܻˡ
һβͬЩҹӰӵϳģҲȥֵġ
ȻؽЩǿռĽû֮ǰڵ߰æҲнһǧ
Լ۸Ҫ߳ࡣ
δļֵǳĵͣǵһֵȻҪ̧ߡ
ĺ¶ӽЩĹ
ļ۸һʮӣһŰٿţȥ֮һҪ̧߼۸Ӧδ۸񶼲ή˶ˣϼ۸ˣҪڵʱ̧߾̧ߡ½ǫ뵽ǮDһһ˷ǮDʮһţǮDɲˣһʮټǧԣϴӲȱǮˡ
ǮDҲģϡΪ۸ܺҺҪ˵ʲôһǮһţҶһɵ
һŵ߳˳ǣ˵ҪǮD֪๫һǮļ۸ˣ᲻Ѫ
๫˵ˣô˶ȫһԣ˾ͲἵǼǮˡ
߾๫±˼ǼǮ๫Ļ£ҪԼԣҪ˶ԣ֮ǰ˵๫ƷŸʺ٣ˣղŲܿࡣ
ļ۸̸꣬ļ۸½ǫҪһǧӣǮDĲѪ
˰ôһǧ̫ˣҪƽǮDƽʱȻûղİããһͻʮӣǮDǾǮûˣЩƽƽ棬ֵôǮˣ
½ǫĻͼֵʮƫƫ½ǫȴֻһǧֲǴ˶˵Ǹɵӡ
һû˵ԺÿȥһһķֳɣͨһһĵķֳɣǴ˿ƬģҾҪֵķֳɡ½ǫ׬ǮķҲ˻ȻǰʲôҪıһЩ
⻭ĻĸףǵĴԷȻҪյĺֻܶ࣬ϧǮܻĸϡ
Ҳ֪ĸ󣬿ɲԴԽԭ磬ǰС˵ǾһԽ󣬻صԭ縴
ϣĸҲԾһƽٺ»صԭ磬Ǹĸžۡ
һţ٣ҪǮDһǮǮDܴӦ
ϾǮDҪ˹ɱԭϳɱ̵ȵһϵгɱ๫ȴҪһǮ
ǮD붼û룬һھʹӦˡ
֪׬Ǯ飬ɱǳĵÿɱҲʮǮһſƬŪ棬ʮӣһһ飬ָ½ǫһ룬ҲѪ׬
̾ǩ顣
ǮDڼԷľ磬ǮDǰҲԹֻѾжʮûԵˣٴγζǼеζ߳Ա߿ޡ
Ӱ½ŵˣ½ǫֻ͵͵½͡
һٷ꣬½ǫҲûϽ뿪ɣ˾Ҫˡ
ǮDһװô½ǫͰ¿ǮDһһСˣ˶ݳȥûʲôѡ
ǮD½ҳʱ򣬴˶֣ǮDôһ󳵵ˡ
½ǫС½һôأ˵ôһһ˵ıһء
߻ϰ˺棬͸ˣȻᵽ˼Ĵ˴ӣص๫ͷ
иүʣ͵Ļģ˶Ǯ
ǮD˵Ǹ̼֣ġ
˼ô׷ۺˣʶǮ
½ǫҪڣǮD˵һһ
ʵ۸´֪½ǫ׬ôǮۺ죬½ǫǼҵǮ
˺ӣ֪һһԴ˵ôһҲˡ
ĽĶҪˮˣиСվǮD㻹ղҼһС
ǮDüȷ´λҪˣûӣ´ξֻĿű׬Ǯˡ
Ҳ˵ǸСɵһֳʮֻ׬һȼܱ֮ʮӣô㣬⻹㲻ô
Ǽ½ǫǸǮD죬Ҫ½ǫ˵˻
ĸ½ǫһǮD뿪һǮDһεĵ
ʵǮDһβˣ½ǫǮDȥóһŵׯ֡
ΪˣǱﻹϸ˵Ḷ́ȫص˶ܵǴʱǮDˣҲһ
½ǫǮD˵۸񶼲ήͣʵ㱣ص˵ˣήۣҪǣʮӶһ
ǻ֮˸СֹǲɵһӣǮˡ
ƽʱԸ˳Ӳ½ǫϣ˸ͲˣҼ๫ŲɵæһˣΪôһ׬Ǯȴ˵ɵûİ
ߵЩ󣬺ö˶ǵķ򿴣Ĵɫ¾ͱúܲÿ
ʵܶ뷨½ǫɵһȴǮʼ½ǫ֪һӣŴҴǮǡ
½ǫɵֻٲ˺ܸм½ǫһ¸
Ǻܶ˶½ǫɵȴ˵ֻ˵ӰǺ½ǫĹϵһԺ½ǫк²ô죿
˭֪ܵ˼ҸǰˣҲͦˡ
½ǫôҲæ߹߻󣬡ǾɽŸҵģһ˶ԷָңǴӸԣҶϺӣԱߵǼӳЦǴˣҪңһ׬ǮĻᣬұ㲻ˡ
⻰ҲˣϽܹ½ǫǸ
¾ôȥˣ쿪ʼҲû˸˵½ǫɵӵĻˣﲻСҲҹ˵½ǫɵӣҪ˵ˣȥ϶Ҫǵĸĸһᡣ
׬˾ǧһǧǮDһһƱһٶȥһӵķֳɡ
һһŵƱŽ˴ռĸʣµĸӶŽˡ
˷½ǫڼæˣܶڴǽһ
Ǽ䷿͸ˣʱǼӵʱ򣬴˾ΪǼ뷭һӣ۾ˡ
û뵽һʱ䣬Щˣ˾ͺĹһۡ
Ͼ½ǮˣҪѷӸǵĴһЩҲ֮е顣
Ǵ˹ι۵ʱȴֲûаѷݸǴ󣬶һǽŪ˸¯ӡ
ԭ½ǫ˵Ӻ½ﶼŪϻ𿻺ͻǽӣǼϻͲˡ
½˵Ҳ£Ҳô䣬궼û£æˡ
ĸһսҪ𿻣ֻҪǽӡ
ǵķģðмǶǽһ£һ¯ӣůӡ
˿˼죬ǿŪˣŷǽЩһЩľöŪЩǮûˡ
һЩ︻ԣģ˵ļͥĶˣǼ˾ŸͷŪһ
½ǫǮŪ½ǫҵǼ˶󣬻һٶġ
һٶںܶ˵ͦģ˼۸˵ˣҲмĶģǼ˽лؼȥŪһ
½ǫǼԼҵ˽ȥ˻֪
Щѿ֮½ǫ˲٣ʼרעѧϰ顣
տĻ
ÿȥղ𣬸ˮһܴһ졣
ⶬ䣬ͷһɫﶼ͵Сѿãůͣл𿻣ڿһ̶ȥˡ
˼ʫ½ǫˣÿЩ
ûһᣬܾΧһȦϹģ̲衣
ֹһ½ǫҲˣһ顣
꣬½ûдӻңҲûлңһԼꡣ
ȻֻˣҲ֣½½ǫעʱ͵͵ι˿ھƺȣһھͰ߸ȶˡ
ߺȶ˾ƵûˣƷ裬ǹԹԵһԣͣشá
ߴõʱҲǷǳϸСģʲôСڽлƵġ
½ǫԱ߿˺һᣬĸι˵ˮߺˮʱҲرĹԣֻ룬һСһСڵĺš
½ǫߣҲģСôôôɰ۸۸
ˮˣ߻ûֹͣá
½ǫֽߺˣκĸһĴá
½ǫܣסߵͣסߵıӡ
ܵĻŸ첲Ҫѿ½ǫ½ǫڻ
һСᣬоܲˣ½ǫɿ֣߻Ǵá
۵Ĳˣ۾ſ½ǫϣҲԱ߻ĸˣֱ½ǫϣСƵſ½ǫĻ˯
½ǫ֪ƤҪ֪ʲô϶Ҫü춼˼ˡ
½ǫֻÿٵıߣǻȥ˯ˣҲ˯ɡ
ӰѾŮ½ڷſڳǺһ
ŵô˸ã½ǫ°ֱͣ۾½ǫĻ˯ˡ
½ǫСģ̾˿˳磬СһԼǸСأôС

ʱ䣬½ǫǱ׵һоˣҦ˵ͼΪ˷ͼкܶԸ
ȥ󣬺ܶ³˶ȥŸѧһˡ
кܶŮǸҦŵǼһģһѡ
ܿ죬Ҧͳȫʱеķ꣬ŮǴŴ緢ȫģÿõҲϴԡϣԱøһ
ȻעߵĻˣûͷĵĶ֪ǸʲôôôóԳ̶ϵɶ޲
ȻԹԣ֪ĶЩǳԲġ
˭֪ǮDҵ¥ͳ²Ʒ
¥򱦸һģȫضУҿĸطвУ͵ÿطûǮDҿ¥֪ˡ
Ʒǰģﻭ˼ˣ¥ͳ˼ˡ
ΪһֻоŰٿǮDһٿֵȥʣµİ˰ٿܵٿţʣµٿŷֱŵֵȥ
һЩķֵֵܷʮţСһЩľֻʮš
ÿ˵ĲǳСͱ˵Ǽ࣬װһֻöԲССУһ˳׾ͼˣһʮ롣
ӣλһλֻţ˾ûˡ
ĲƷҲСĿ˳ھûˣ¥ĶײͣȲƷһ׶ǧһλ޶ͨ˳Բ𣬵ǮҲǶ࣬޶һ충һ춼Ա
ȻСȴ£Ұ̶ٷְٻԭеӣ¥ˣõ˼㡣
ϴθ½ǫλְˣ˵飬ҲЧһһλ½ǫһ飬Ȼٸ½ǫҪһЩһͬʸʥϣû׼Ҳǰһλ´Ƶģ˵ˣһҲˡ
λȥ½ǫ˵⣬½ǫҵʱ䶼ԵĲˣʣ¹Ҫֽˣϡ
˵һˣһһ͹ȥ
⻰ҲֻʧĻȥˡ
ʵѾԵˣһǰ׾͵õϢ֪ǮDҵľ¥ԤԼĲƷһʱȥԤԼˡ
֪ϿڸǮD˵һݣǮDҲӣ֮ǮD᲻ϡ
ñ˵ԤԼģһݡ
Ǽ֮⣬һǱ½ǫ
ڿǷϵʱ͵ؾ·𿴵Ҧһ㡣
һŷƤһſӳ
ζеһģһǵöʮǰҦһֳӵڳҲϵһЦǰˬʡ
ˣǮDˣһֱûԲԣϲţϲеڶ˻
Ѿˣϻ½ǫ̫֮֡ǰڳ٣̫࣬˵̫ͨ࣬ɸǰһдһƳ̫Գū澡
½ǫϲ඼˻ôˡ
֮ǰ½ǫߣ֪½ǫ˵ǸɽŵĹ¡
ԭԭĸ߸˻ϣһ˵½ǫĵӣǮD֮ǰεĻԼ½ǫġ
ԭŷʹĶͷΪԥҪҪɱȥǮDѲ飬ҦǷҡ
֮ǰǾߺǷҦġ
׵Ļ͵̧ͷ˵⻭ģô֪СҦʲôӣ
ףүĻ񡣡
ܣŻ޿ĸоͬüͷĸˣֻСҦҲֻСҦֳ˵½ǫ᲻ᡭ
׹˹ǣ˵㻹еӲµˣôʾˣǻٲ²ӾͲҪˡ
˭֪ϽĻ׸
˵ѵ½ǫСҦתСҦȻˣ콫ٹҪ
ףûô
£½ǫλӣѾȢˡѡ
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ף£½ǫǸѵõ˲ţֻϧȻ£ʱĻ٣¸һ䣬Ӽ飬ҲרĶ飬ЩУ볯ΪЧ
ȫ½ǫ϶Ҧת
ʲôҪȷǰŲС
׼ϻڳ˼һֱүؾôĿǰΪ½ǫ£үΪ½ǫȥ£½ǫ뾩ˣһҲһͬ뾩
鲻ּ԰˽ӻʣ˵дʥּдʥּ֪СҦתŰͰ͵ȥƧ޲óѣСҦ޵ߡ
ʥּдҲûйϵȵ½ǫ˻ǰƼƵ֮󣬾ͲΪˡ
½ǫյʥּʱֵЩոսֻǻδ󣬹Ҫٵȸ£ܳԣôһЩˣӡ
ƻٵҪ뾩ϿΪֲˣŪ˸ǽӡ
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˵µˣڻͻȻǰ뾩ﻹͦġ
뾩ʱҪȵ֮˵Ҳ֪Ȩϣ뾩ʥּҪǸΥʥּ˵ҪԴġ
׿Щҿ԰˵ȥ֮ǰĸûֹٲˣҸͣ˵Щˣ֤͵
ɣ½ǫҡͷغҪ·ϳʲôʧЩӵŬͰ׷ˣһҲˣЩղǽˮġ
Щ·ˣߵŬҲŰ׷ˣףҲҪʱ䣬ٸһµʱ䡣
Ȼ˵˾죬ȴûа˵ôƫƧʱ̫ӦҲ
һ±һ£ֻǲˣ뾩·ҲҪһңʱ˻ϹҲȲ㡣
֪ˣһ¡½ǫǰʱժժ֮Ҳ꣬סţỵ
ɹɸҲʱ䣬˺ŵʱԾһЩõӺԵܱׯֵء
ǲ֪ڵĽǷ۵ؼΣ᲻ǰڵǮҲһǧˣ֪ЩǮھǰô
ѯף˵òģϸһʹãֻǮʱܷȥʱ⣬Ǯȥ
ȵǰȫ뾩Ǯܽ½ǫͷ
һ½ǫ߶þסˡ
֮ǰǮúö࣬๫ǧĴˣǮ첻ϵǮˡ
ôҪȥֻͦŵġ
һҪ뿪ϤĴׯȥһİеĿ־塣
һǶ˵جΣһ˾һ˶ܲãƲܣٴξ
»ϸ½ǫܿ½ǫ
Ȼ½ǫ˵Ϊκ˵ǻϵĻʥּ½ǫҲû취ǡ
ԭ½ǫ˵ȥ߻ſٹҸĺӣڿǲˡ
һߣԳһҲõϢ˵ַֹ뾩ˣֹҪ½ǫ뾩
Գһһ̻̲ԳʶһЩѣеһЩֶˣǰͽԳӣ˵Ϊǡ
ԳɱأҲɱ
л˵
ҦڹŴǵЩ꡷


65 
žǷ
ɱˣȻǿ, ҪԷı͢û٣ְСɱ, ǶƤ¡Գ˵ҵĵնƽ, ƽʱ, źϹ֣ǹ仨¥ǶǮ, ҲʶһЩˣƽ˭鷳ɱʲôˣͿæ
ǰ︸ײӣĸ, вܵˣֻӲ, Ը⿴һ, 
ɺƽƾƽЩ˵ӵܵİԳ֦˳ζͶ, ˲, Ӱ룬֮ƽڼĵλҲˡ
ƽԳɽɱˣȻǾæɡ
ʲôԳžƱָھͱıԵĦ, ƱеľƵһڱֵǧ, ȥĳ, ҲٵǮ, һӮĴˣû˸ӮǮӮǮòʧߵ˶ǹԴöȶõģΪˣһжΪ½ǫһС
ó½ǫû½ǫԳɱһӶ½ǫλûȥ
ûʲôֻһɽҰ򣬸һĸʿֵĺãҪ뾩ȥʲôӼ࣬ˣôԳЦһ
ƽϢҲͨ˵½ǫо﷨ӵ½ǫȷʵôһ㱾£б£ҲǸصС˵Ҫ뾩ˣ뾩·ϱɽ˽ˣڰ·ϣػҲ顣
ãҪǰˣٲĺôԳ˵¾Ʊٺˣս빬Ūǲá
Գɽ֮󣬻ĸ⣬һסڹ⣬רŷһס
ֻҪϿͻԳ빬
ڲԳɣԳһھﶼǺߵģû˸ǡ
Գɻ㣬綼Ȣţ뾩֮ͶŸˣԳɵĹȢЩͽԼҵĹԱŮԭˣ޵öׯںʵ֡
õܵܵ˻ӣôܼũĸ취ɷ룬Ҳӵס
ԳɵĸҲ̫ˣκλ϶ӦأԳɵĸԳȥ˵λڷҹĲãǽӵϾȻĴӦˣͷǰǣõعٸһ˴ǰʮӡ
ǰʵֵׯںԩҲ޴ʮӣҲûǮ˿ڣһмһȥ˿ãȣûȥˡ
Գɵλ˾ǹӣ˺١
Ϊ֮Ůӻᱻָָ㣬˵ټޣĭͲˡ
ԳɵλݵλͬˣвףǶۣ˭䲻ǡ
Ѿʮ߰˵ͣٵȼ꣬õټҲ١
ԳҲةҵĵŮף׼ɻ顣
ةҵŮɣԳɶſȵϲȻǷ治УȴϲŰˣеõС
ֻةҵŮ˵ڼء
¶ˣֻҪֺة࣬벻޶ѣȳɻ֮󣬳Լҵˣںլ֮Уڲ
Գ뵽Լһõδ½ǫƻͷ꣬ޱԹ½ǫ޲½ǫ

½ǫˣһСĵժ˵һٿһٿţ˳ϵͳӣʮ
׼˾ȡȻ;˾û취һˡ
˿һٿ˵ðæˣ˾ֲһٿֳ֣һЩƽദıȽϺõĴʣµľˡ
ûпոˣֻ˵ǺöŰɣȹ½϶
ȥˣԺӺͼҲ½ˣֻʣ°Ѷʰ˾Ϳˡ
˵Ҫһ뾩
½˶ʮˣȻõĻкܶ࣬Ҫ뿪ˣЩ᲻ãʲôţư裬̸ǣļѼҲ᲻˻ˣҲϣǲϡ
½ǫ˵˺üˣЩ֮ҲУ·;ңԶЩ׸
½᲻ã½ǫˣ½ȥɡ
½ֶ̫໹ҪУҪ˳ЩǮɱҪЩưĶ࣬Լͷˡ
ÿ춼üģֻ½ǫʱżװû£װµʱ򣬱ôֵû£Ҳ͸¶֡
ʰʱ½ǫǲʲôΪѵˣ˵˵
ҡͷûУǣ᲻
ָĶ½Ȼ꣬Ķȴкܶ࣬룬ӺСҪôⴲʣӣӣЩأǲûа취ˣ
ԭڵЩ½ǫ˿Ϊ岻Ҹһأԭ᲻뿪ʵֹߣ½ǫҲһĸ顣
ܲһӶڲߣԺҲҪȥӺСڴϣҪЩĿˣʣµЩҾҲþˣȵ˾֮ٽ˰æһµģõĸ㣬Σ
ߵͷﵣĵĸͲЩĵԼ֪һ޸½ǫǷı䣬ͬһһǰҡ
½ǫ˼ȥˣһڼҼʰ˽Լ̧ͷһۣԼ
һֱͷ
һᱻ˿ֻóȥˡ
˸½ǫڼҵʱģ½ǫˡ
ߵ˵ҪȥˣǻϽ๫ȥ飬ǲǾҪסլˣһڿ϶æǣǰǹܹܼңһլʲôģҸ׽ˣǰ㣬Ųᱻ½۸
Ǳһر߬ŵ֣̫ˣֱ߰߬˼ӡӡ
Լ֣˵ԺҪˣ۸ҵ˴½ңǡ
ǣô۸ˣǸǣ㳤ôǴͳģһڳԵһںȵİιģ½ҹʲôˣʮ꣬½ʮ𣿹ĵ˴ģķǺˣﻹҪǰȥ߬ߵ֣֪Ƕܱܵȶãܵкӣ㿴˭кϴ·ЩǸ飬ǰɵĻ㶼࣬Ķ㲻ˣ½ҾͲɻɿˣһıȥһ죬ǼҾͶˣ
ӱ̬ܵȣβҶûǲãҶˣùҺܵܣһȥӣǼӣǲȥǮҲУ֮ǰ½ǫ׬˺üҲҪ͸һǾҲ㡣
ԭЩҡС˵ǸĻ͸ɡ
ܵкӣ󣬲ܸɻҳԵĴĶǿҲӦõġ
ﻹ߶ǵøжĸһжǸĸģ͵һţ𣬲ȻǰǣǲТ˳
ϴʮ꣬ί˵Щʱʶľͻҷ˼Լǲ̫ˣТ˳ĸӦ顣
˵Ǽ仰ȻѹǣѾ½ˣ½ˣû취ٰڶ ˣһû취Ҫˡ
˵֮תͷܻ˼ңܻȥڼ˺ð졣
оԼΪʲôܿģϱһӿ໹һҪȥһξ˵׼ҪپһϱӵĿ࣬Ϊʲôúûţأ
½ǫڸ˼ȥ·˵ߵȥˣ˻˵˺һĻ
½ǫӿٶȻؼңصҵʱſڴϣ۾Ǹտ޹ĺ죬͸һɥ
½ǫ߹ȥڴ߶£ſڴϿߵ۾ߵĽëˮһʪģˡ
̧˴ߵϾҪ뿪ˣ˻Ļͣȵ˾ǣµĳУҲһµ׸ȥԼնϡ
߲ͷ½ǫ룬ԼĿԻһµ
ȥ˾ǣҪ½ǫֿˣֻһƬڰ
ûһ취ԶĽ½ǫߣԺ½ǫ檣Ҳ뿪
½֮½Ҹ̫ûвһֱڴҪһУоԼһң뿪ҡ
ҪҪʲôķԼվȽŸüÿ˻˿Ҳȱٵġ
һһҪ½ǫĺӣԺ½ǫˣҲ뿪½ǫΪ˺ӣҲ½ǫֿˡ
뵽ŵ̧§ס½ǫĲӣչȥס½ǫ͡
⻹ͷһô½ǫסˡ
òԾôģôɥôס
һߵ˵ʲôڵľٶ
סߵĺ󾱣èƵİ࿪һξ룬ʲô
߸оʱ䲻ˣһЩϱС
ȻҪһŰףıҲûжѡˡ
ΪһЩԼĶһ̶һЩԼĴ¡
һ˫̶ֲͣߣǲǰߣͷֻµ顣
ɬĶ½ǫ˵ڣ㣬һ
½ǫ⻰ﶼըˣǲ˵ʲôˣ
ҡͷô֪ոû˵ʲô
û˵ʲôôô½ǫ˱ĸ˵ǲ˵ȥ˾ҷ֮ͲҪһˣһҪӣܰҰס
߾ͫ͵һ£Ȼûиô˵Լȴˡ
Ҿ֪½ǫԼ¶ˣҲ׼ô΢˵ʲôҶ뿪㣬ķ˾ͳĺģҸ䲻㣬Ӧ޷˵뿪Ǳ΢һסҡ
½ǫ߻뷨ܴԭΪ󻷾Ӱ죬ġ
ɷȢС檣ҲԴףҪȵĽܣЩΪ˱ֳԼȣҪɷ檵¡
ߴСֻгȻΪǮ֮ȢС檻ȢˣֻҪ˺ӾܰסԼ˵뷨
δĺܶΰ˲ŻþԼȥƫƧɽŮֻܽ˽ŲܵЩƽĴȻ
ǰֻ֪ߺãȥﶼߣ߶֣ȴûЩɵ˼ժȥ
ҪĲֻһζĳߣҪԼǿһҪĵľһܺõˣӦ±뿪
½ǫ½ǫ۾ʱһıƽ½ǫǵһ˵Ҫ̫΢ˣǰ˺޲ðȽԼı΢
ʵ˵ҸӣԼôģ߾Լ½ǫ
Ŭĸѧϰ֪ʶ½ǫ˼ȴɲһϣҪȥˣпھȢôһĸô죿
ϼҾݣ½ǫû뵽ԭ⼸ǷϵԭȻ
ǣǻأּ˵ȢˣҪô죿û˵ϱӵ£һֱӰµ飬̲סҸ˵Ψһ˵ˣֻ½ǫˡ
½ǫΨһεˣΨһߵˡ
ϣôܡ½ǫͣһ£ҲܣλȨأɵˣпܾǻϡ
ǻϣѡһȽﰲڰȫĵطھнһջɱֱӴ뿪ǣ취췴ɱ½ǫ˵·նɱ˻ϣΪ׵ǻϣͷ飬ֻǱѶһȼ
ŴɱϵӻôҪѡһ·͵Ȼûӵݣ˳ɱϡ
һһ㶵ģӦøŻٻΪʲô֪׵ǻϾҪɱϣ
һ֮Ͻס½ǫֻͣô˵ҪǱ֪ˣҪɱͷġ
½ǫ֣һڣȻ֪ҵܣҾûа취뿪ˣҪ檣вܸ淢ңҾͲˣ
߸жҪᣬҪ˵Щ̫ɵˡ
½ǫ˺壬ˣٿ۾ˣһȥι㣬ӺСڻΪҲǽ㣬Ҫԭˡ
ߺһתͷҲŲǽ㣬Ҫǽ㻹أˮȥõô顣
ɽôһĵطǼδӵиء½ǫ֣̲סָ
ҲҪʲôأҾҪ๫Ƭؾͺˡ߱½ǫһ֮־÷ŵԼô黹δôʲô
Ҫ๫Ҫɢǣ๫ĴǣҲɻġ
ڶһ磬һھžǷˡ


66 
ҹϮ
һ뿪ʱ, ȫ˶ǡ
֮ǰ˵½ǫɵӣûôΪˣּ뾩ˣôɵ, Ժ½ǫ϶ٷơ󸻴
һӡ, û׼Ժ󸻴, Ҳմմ⡣
ҲһеĶ飬Թ, ƾʲô½ǫá
ʱֻôһСɽ
˿ѪӺӷŽȥˡ
ŵŮԼ˵, Ա룬ÿ˭ұǼҹĺ, ҪԹ, ȥƻ
½ǫÿ춼Ϊæ, 㿼, ϴ·ũʱ䶼õϣŲѴѵʱڱԹϡ
˵°

½ǫһȵϸ, ֮һͬȥ
֮ǰ˵һ, Ա, ½ǫܾ, ڣͲ͵ֹϸ״ԼߣͿԸһ߱߿羰һЩҲ޷
ǳʱǴҪʱ䲻ȣľҲˣһƬȻ
ΪȥǣǼҽûֵӣһӣ·Ҳر񣬲ôƣ
ϾƵĸ·һ˻ܱ߿羰Ҫǲˡ
·ÿһ羰õĵط߳һʫ
½ǫ߸ۻˣӲò⣬Ǿ̫ҲװӸ۲ˡ
ĵģĥʫӵҲͦɰҲû˵ʲôɨ˵Ļ
һ·˺öʫ˵ȵ˾дһμǣߵʫҲŽȥμдĹŵӡ
ĳûᣬԼһʫĹŵӡ
һݣ˶ƫʫȥܻõơ
ǰдʫŵμȥһȻͻȿߵʫƫȥʫȻ֪Ǹһ
һ˲£֮һ
֮ǰߵĶǺߵ·˵Ҫɽɽﻹɽ˳û
˵Щ£ǻδͱɽ˸ɱˡ
½ǫ·ʱϲ£ȫҪ
½ǫѧȭһС治Ķ֣ûһ׳ϼҴڣټҲûսһΣգһû취סô˵İȫ
ҡͷȥǵıؾ֮·궼û˵ɽ˳ûϢǲصģɽˣҲǣֻٹ̶ӡ
½ǫմԽʱң׬һЩǮ֮ҹһЩԼװһѻ֮
Ǻڴ̫ݣûΣУЩ뷨ǰӦЩ
дϣʱĶܱأûкֵ־סģҪһģԼãԸһѷ
·ϣûκβϣֻܵ˾Ժ
ͷмѲ˵½ѳͷʱҲܵ
һɽʱƽ˾ɽ˳Ұ͡
½ǫ½ڵ˸ӣЩȼ߸в⣬ɽ֮ǰ·һӣ˲⵰вˡ
ʱ½ĲУ˵·ˣô
һ๫˵ʲôúã๫һȰ½˵·һֱԸԵ˶ûˣҪЩӪ
ɽ֮߷羰续½ǫտ
Ȼ֪տɶ˼ӦþǰѶųԣôԶ
һҰ⣬һͷһγ¶ӪСƵģ˲ûס
ûд½ǫ˸һЩʯͷڻϣһͣƬȵ棬˵ϣһСۡ
ȿ֮ÿ˶һСƬȳζһ֪ܲܳԵϰߡ
һڣһĻζ֮ǰҦҳԹҵڻǵõһγĳǼǺֱԡ
˵⻰ʱ½ɱǺһԣһЦ½ǫϽˮ
½˿ˮʲôоҳ⣬ҧͷһڣǺ۵ģҿɲˣһʲô
߳һڣҲ½飬оͷ·ҧһڣ̼Ͷ΢΢ˡ
ǳһ֮ڶڣֳųһƬ̲סԵڣԽԽˬԽˬԽͣԡ
ûһᣬ߾ͳԵ˹˹ģ촽΢΢ˡ
½ǫԱЦҪȻԵˣһ¡
߹˲̫࣬ݹĲˣǿԵĲˣϪˮϴ΢ĸо
֮ˣ½ǫûԾˣȻóԣҲ̫ܳ࣬ԶСġ
յߵĶ˵һʲôСֻһߵˢĺˡ
๫Ȼ˵ԶƨۣǴԽȥģôƨۣҪҲۡ
Թûһᣬ̲סˣȷʵƨۣģȷʵǿ
·߲ˣҲ£ھǷǳڣӦ๫ģٳԵȴ๫Ȱֳ֮һЩ
½ǫҲûа취æ⣬ֲλܲܰһɣ˲ñߵɱ̬
չȥߣ´λԲˣ
ίίٳһڣӦûɡ
½ǫЦıǼϲһ£Сè
û˼ңֻԭعҹ˯½ǫһһֱһ
½˯½ǫͷ˯
ȻûδԷ꣬ˣֱҲ䣬ֻǻó档
½ǫü֦һĹǼܣ˴ʡ
᲻öǴˣ˾֮أڿԵܷóɽҲܷЩҹС硣
Ҳ˴ıʹĸɲݡ
ҲҲɲݣ½ǫ֪·ϻ
ԴһЩϣҲأʲô滹
⻹ͷһɽЩ˷ܵ˯ž½ǫҪҪȥǣٻ˯߾Ҳá
ôҹɫ˯Ҳ̫ϧˣһ·˼Ŵµһʯͷϣ˿ϵǣŽ֮Ĵ㡣
Ҳ֪֮Լʲô˵Ŵһ¼
½ǫҪȥϿΣ¿ɲǶҪͷˡ
½ǫ˵ȵ˾լӣһλԺҪҡʽǰ¡
üȻϸһʽ˵һլӣܻܲϿٿѸǮӶɡ
ҪǿԣȥͷׯӣׯӾͽϲôȻǽ֣ùЩȥׯֵأǣҲùЩʲôܼҼҶѾСŷʦЩ٣ȫܣ½ǫߵ֣Щۣȥ˹Ӽ࣬ƾͲ֮ǰѧϰǰˣֹ˵ȥӼѧסУֻһ壬ȫͷˡ
Ҳ鷳ģ⣬Ҳҵļңһᾡġָ߬˵һ˵Ҳҵļֻ˵ʱ͵͵۲½ǫķӦ½ǫûʲôӦĻȻһ㣬˿
֪ô˻æԼܹܲסˣʹ˸ɻԸԼˡ
˵ţ½ǫһŲҪͷǲˣоŲԣԷŽżƵġ
̷ӦΣգ§ߵļһߵȥǲŹϣͿһ˹ȥ
һճĺˣҿ½ǫӦ죬ǰѵ˹ȥǰһϣǺܴ󣬵ֱӿ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


67 
þ
˰εĹ, ½ǫ˳һƣƵһԵĲݴԣ˾·ߵĲݴԶа˸, Һ, ˤ˹ȥ, ҲûнˤۣҵһܺõĲ֮
֪Σ, ˻ŵʱܻ
ʶľȥ½ǫȶˣվ
ƽ½ǫͬ½ǫǰ˵䷴ĻͿ, Ҫȥ˵С
ߺȻ뵽һΣ๫ɽҰ, ҲǶ, ๫ҰɱˣŹ
һ½ǫǸ, ˵ԼõС, ӦøһΣա
ʱ½ǫȴ˵ҺûгȻһҪӦҰһҪû׼Ϊ, ˡ
Ǵ½ǫ˵, Ҫһͬ, һҪ, Ҫߣġ
ȻγĲҰȴǱҰҪ°ٱȥ̳֮Ϊ˵Ŀ꣬ץסв๫˵׼ԭ๫ǿѵģΪֻܷߣһץס
˼룬๫ģﲻ๫ҡ
½ǫǱȴ˰εͬʱһ˺˵ĸ߳ȥ˳־˺ĵǺһ˳ӵ˺˵ĸ첲
Ϊһ紩Խˣ֪ɱ˶ԷпܱԷɱ
ʶıܿԷҪûа취ȥɱˣҲ˶ԷֱۣҿúûмµҲòˡ
Ÿ첲ˣ½ǫǰٸһ
õ˳֣Сʱ翴ԵʱҲѧϰ
ѧĲǵǣúӧǹб˧һ֡
ɺ翴ˣٸѧϽɱȥ
½ǫǸ磬ǴĻˣҲֻзɲƲǸ˿նɱ
½ְ½ǫЩȥɱˣͲѧϰκαˣѧȭ
½ǫһûпжԷȣһ֧Ԯ˿еĳӦϣ½ǫ󶼱ˡ
Ȼǰһλ
½ǫһһѵ֦Υʹ÷һһᣬϵ֦ڿնϡ
ֱ֦ܳϸҲ࣬Ϊһ㣬ֻ˸ǹͷ
½ǫͲСׯңһֻ֦סСıܿԷĳԷͷϥǻ߸ؽڡ
˼αУŭĺܣٶԽԽıƽ½ǫȴΪŭ˶½ǫĵ
ûȭ
½ǫһ˵óģԽǰȥȭݸд衣
Ҷǵ㵽Ϊֹģ£˷ܡ
úܾûˣлҵɳ½ǫ˼£Էôרҵ󲿷½ǫˡ
ھ֮ʱ쬼ķ˹½ǫѸǼ֧Ĺ
Ϊܼ𣬱ǰһȭ°ϣǺ˰ڵء
Էܴ󣬸½ǫಮ٣˽סԷȫѹס½ǫûж½ǫ
½ǫʱѲҲ֮ǣԶĽŲ
ǵͬˣѲ˵Щ˵ͬﵽˣֻбɱ
½ǫһ֪ɲУĿǰΪֹҲֻ취ˡ
˿½ǫڵˣŰɡ
䣬ͿǰƾճһָϸĽ˫Ŀ½ǫһ˶Է۾˲ҽŹһߡ
֮ǰԹռĶͨóƷոóʱڿֹͣŻأҲʱ½ǫץס˻ᡣ
֮ǰʹ͵Ľϸ˵۾ţһô֣û취˵۾
˴ڵϴ½ǫֽ̧۾Ľ˳˳ֻ˵ϵĵ׼Ǻ˵࣬Ӧȥ
ʱ䲻ˣǲɱԺͻᱩ¶ӵпռܣɱ˶˵ЩѶȡ
ȥǵû취ǰݾԥ˲䣬һַ֧˹ֻһӦ֧Ѿ
˹½ǫʶֵ̧ǰ֧ǳǶŵϵĺ˶ֱӴǺ˵ĺǺ˵
ΧĽŲҲһɫ׵ƥﻹһѣ״ʮϤ½ǫһ۾ϳִơ
½ǫǰ¹½ǫɵһΪǱɽ˽ӵͨˣû뵽ջ񡣡
ôҲϵ½ǫ֪˲ǻˣеĳӵһԡ
γԣ˷½ǫǰϸ½ǫòҦҲʵۡ
½ǫ̧̧°ָͣǰѣĶһ㣬ģ
½ǫԭһ󣬿ûüû뵽ǰΪʲôûƹ㣿˵ƹˣֻǾӻܣͨ˲лӴ
ûģָ㣬ǸĶ˺ܰϧģô֪Щ˵һʱȥˡ
˵ҪȥûΣա½ǫΣսˣȥһԵĲݴߡ
Ҳˣǡ˻δ˵꣬½ǫ˵ĸ
ģҵѾȺͳͳΧסһܲˡ
⻰½ǫ΢˿ǲݴ̫ڣԼҲˣһס֣ŷߵĲ֮
ߵֱ϶ܵ˾š
½ǫĸ첲ǿվȻģ·Ҳ߲ˣСڴʲôɱɱصʬ壬ѪζŵӶҪˡ
ô£ȥ½ǫûˣĺϸÿطһֱ۲նͷûˣȥͷͷûѪûѪȥ·ûƵĵط·ҲûƵĵط˿
ǽ˵½ǫĻֹסСˣû£ȻҲˡ
û£๫ҿء½ǫͷϲŵļҶӾ޲ˡ
½ǫ߿޵ģۣҲһӵͷ
һĳʲô⣬ǣңΪ˺Ҳһ
߽ٺٯٯǱߴ׵üţû뵽ȸ˻ܱһĹ
ߣǫİѵòĳɤӸߺ
ӣߣģ֨½ҲżĴ󺰡
ҲϮˣ½һͷ͸ǿɡ
ҲԸô书űˣúһӱЩץץɱɱ
Ȱǿʼ½ǫߣѰҡ
ˡӦСֻ½ǫæһ
½ǫǱлĵط֣
һ˻֮ЩʿǸ׵˵ץһڣǷҪʡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


68 
Ҽ๫
ǵǸŵĺˡ
Ǻ˲ǰ½ǫӾ￴һй, ׽˾ͷɱɱҲǲĻ˵
ûжԺֻ̣ǽΧס, ˾ʲôˡ
˵, ϴɱһ½ǫ, û˵ԭ
һǾ£ϴ˵ԭί, Ҳʡ
½ǫ֪ΪôˣΪʲô֪
Ǵ׵˶Щʿ˵˴ȥʣת˵û뻹л㣬һ, Ҫȥ
Žδ, Ӣ¡˹,ŵлˣҪȥ, Ҫ뾩
λŽϢĵط, ԾǵϢ̫ͨ
Žδ˵꣬ͱˡ
ľӪ⸽ҲǸĴɣȻһֱ͢׷ȴҲ׳, ɼǵ֮, ȥľӪס, Իǳɽ
Žһ,һذʹҡ
ûҲûоòͷǽֵµıæһȥľӪ
ӪǺܴҲмǧˣǴǴŵ׺ͱԼӪ
ǺǮӦǾ񲿶ӣǲ֪ΪλƫƧɽ֮С
½ǫûжʣֻ뿪󣬵ѯһ͸λŽϤ
ŽǷӪʣļŮֿӪʣԼһ䣬½Ҳһ䣬½ǫ߷ס˷һ䡣
ӪʿɱǵСöˣ˵̺Ҳܴ󣬴ǰ滹磬ϻв͵ġ
ЩŲһֱ½ǫԱߣֿһľͻò
Ϊ̾ҪϨ˯˭֪˸ˮ߾ˣ裿᲻̫鷳ˣ
СǼˮʿ
Ըͣ˵ʱЦǺǵģԱ߾ӣˮܷ㣬ǽĹͣˡ
˵뿪ˣ½ǫ·ϻһЩϣղŴ򶷵ʱµġ
ԭЩߣˣŵĲУϽȥ﷭ЩҩͳϴҰһԣ˿ˮ㻹ǲҪϴˣҰһ
ûϵֻд࣬ġǰ½ǫȥȭݴȭʱ򣬴Ҷ㵽ΪֹǻһЩࡣ
ÿδȭȥ裬ûʲôӰ졣
һԡͰԡͰǵ˵ģǼҵǸСֻܽһ
ͷϴ裬ߵֽŶ֪ֻ½ǫ
½ǫҲûΪϴҶ˺ܾã̫ˣ˯
½ǫ֪ߵԸסڱ˵ĵ̲ڼҵʱż𼸴Ρ
֮ǰһǳסԼסʱ򣬶׼ʱոһֱһ
һΪ˼һûаȫУʱ߻ϲճ½ǫڼһȥιιѼˣһȥӱˣһȥˣ½ǫʱҵҲǺѵġ
ʱߴܡ
˿ٵϴ裬½ǫֱ˯ƫҪҩͣ½ǫҲ˷ߵһƬģʹӦˡ
ߵֺΪũһӣûô⻬ҲǺֲܴڡ
½ǫִУԭЩ˵ĵطһۣڶоˡ
ܴ󣬱Ҳɹ̫ůһ̫ζ
ߺþû˯ôıˣǳŴıûлǣסҲһЩĥͲôˣΪǸ½ǫһ˯ôһ㲻
̲סչ֫Ը½ǫһˣƽţֽŶֱֱġ
½ǫſè
èǴèɢ׽ģƽʱʱҲֻܿè˯ſǽͷſڵĵϣëĺܿ
û뵽ԼСèֽĸֱˣë׵ġ
ůģ½ǫ˱Сèɹ̫֮϶Ҳζ
ŹСèζ߼ûèҲûŹСèζЩץè϶飬ǲ㱧ŵġ
½ǫ§˵ǵ˾ǣֻСèôߣֻСèһֻССè
߷Ӧ˵ʲôһ£ôԽ˵ԽˣҲˡ
ߺѸٵķ˸˯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬ѵһЩҲûףҲŸûá
Ժϴ½ǫס˾ţϢһᣬȥЩԵ
ôһ˴ţϽ·½ǫһͬȥ
ԽڸһԷ½Ǵ֣ӪԼԡ
½ǫһһ顣
ѾˣһҹҲûиʲôõϢԽ˵ſ½ǫռĹ򲻴ʦӺˣ
½ǫ
ֻ֣飬ҿǴδ̹
Խ֪˵ȻҲûжʣ㰢һܡ
˵óյǰƵ󣬡ܸȤ͸㣬ûùġ
˵꣬ͿһʮܹԽԱߣЩ˵ҸҪ˺öΣ㶼ûиңڵǸ
óã㲻ó㶼䲻׼˷ˡԽĸǸ˵
ƲƲ죬ͻǰҵĵףҺôҲٽ˵ҡ
Խҡͷٽӣˣռλ½СҲʹȻȻ
ɣè򣬻ǲóˡ½ǫͳѧ꣬רҵѡֵĶ֣ǱȭţǿԣôСС˵㡣
һͲˣȭžͱȭţӮ㣬ͰҵǰѸҡ
ԡ½ǫþûȭǳ򶷹񫣬ý꿴СǴӾгضʮ߰ˣһ䡣
ҲӮһټҲԼҲν
ߵЩֳ̧ס½ǫ䣬๫ϻˣСһЩ
ģǵ㵽ΪֹҲ˵๫˵ѾվҾһ
Ҿֻ½ǫ˵
һԹЦôˣ˼Сӻ
Цĳȴĵ緹ԲȥˣŵľָͷǶˡ
̫ˣʲôֻ˴ȻԲ๫αԷᣬ۵Ŀ˰졣
ˣĿԼ๫Դʱ򣬳ȭҲͷ·ǻָһ㡣
ߴʼĵıɳݣżضŶԴˣ޲ú͡
ۿ·磬߸Ǵĵһ˿С˵ûУҼ๫


69 
ɻ
ԷȻֻǸʮ, Ҳû½ǫӸߣ½ǫҲǷǳġ
½ǫѧȭѧ书һ·, ҪΪ̫С, ½ǫȷԼܴĹ
½ǫԼ۸һС̫ƽ, ɴЩ˸ƽ֡
˴ĺ, Ҳˣ½ǫ˹֣Ҳ
ٽ̫ˡ½ǫҲ˹֣һǰ½ǫ˳ֽǰѸ,ѻǸðɣ, Լ
Լ꾪ȡ
, о½ǫǰİù㷺ǳ֮ǰܶమöְѹ, ˴ѧ֮, ϲʲôȥѧȥо˲ٶ
Ҳʮ𣿡۾
ԣӦÿԡ½ǫ˵
ǰѣܱӪõĵ, , ֻҵʮ, һ, һѱãܰѸ㣬㵽ʲôˣ
Ķӣģд硣ŽŶӵı˵
ţ½ǫ֣ܸоŽǿҵӳԸԣʲô磿һǸ˰ɣôҵܵܣĪʮ꣬Ǹͬ䣬˫̥ⳤҲ񡣡
Ҳǳ棬۲ˣȷʵǸӡ
ûһ๫ƵģĪΪˣ֮ǰ˵ڴи˹ֲʮ껹ֻа˾СһߣҲ
⻰û˵˵±˻
ŽЦŰ֣ʮǰһҸɽ·ҰޣҰްĸĸҧˣǡ·ɱҰޣˣĸĸ֮Ҿͽˣλϵ
ԭ½ǫû뵽껹㱯ҵɵмۡ
ãЩչңѧϰ书ЩĻķ˴ҶȻʱΪСʱġ
Ϊ˲дҵģÿ£װӡ
ǱԵʱ˵Σ̻㲻ٶڹû𣿡Žʡ
ܺãȻŵʱá½ǫ˵ŴӰͳһ֮ǰԭΪôѧϰ˷ںö˶ѹµ档
½ǫҲýͣ͸ĸ׵Щһõ㽰ɡ
Щִ̫½ǫλλûгףһλ̫ࡣ
ĸȻˣǵл޷ִʹ࣬ΪõĹʵڵģҲܶٵĻǵʹࡣ
ŽûȻȥϴɾ֣̾ʹ
ָŻ˶˵ûУﵱԸ񣬻̫ˣ̫ˣûмԻôʵ
ʵ½ǫûмԼ裬ְָͨԼǱʼеݲ²ĸ׵Ը
ЩǸĸ׵Ĺһõ㽣ͬʱҲǸԼġ
ŽĶ˿ԣ˶Ҳˡ
½ǫͣĸͶιԱһЩЩ¶޵ģҲûԺ˯ãڻѵãһЩȥٻҪʮ·
С˵๫ˣǲųԹ˿⡣
½ǫһǲһ
Ž飬þòܻ񣬹˺һŶ½ǫ˵˵ҪȥȥӼ飬Ҳô̫ƽɱǵǾھҲ뿪ӪĻȥ
ıȭ磬һᱣǵİȫ
½ǫ֣᲻̫鷳ˣѾ֪˭ˡ
Žʣ˭
½ǫԳɡ
֣ʶĲһ¡
ϱԳɺⱲԳɻҪ๫˶񶾣
ҲͬռȵҪˣȻ»Ա¶ֻҪɱǫܼٻĺӣɼٵվǼٵġ
ԼĺӶϴ治֪ôģԼİŮҲߣ治ˣðʱôŽһӶһѷ졣
δһжȲѡ½ǫҡͷǱʼǵдĺϸԸᣬÿ𣬾ĿڰһƤ
뾩꣬ܶಢ˽⣬Ҧʲô˵ˡ˽ıЩ˶һЩҲֻһѡ
Թ½ǫһȥ½Ǳ׼ڶվͳǻһߵϢ˵ˡ
Žһȥӱɢ
뵱꣬ŽҲ߳Ƶһλʮŵʥ˻λ֮һƬСطʮǧʲô𣿡
ԹŶ㣬ʥһáŽԳЦЦȲҦ£Ǻ˵誴δʥϣǺ⣿
ʥϵǻ֮󣬱ϢǺͨʥ֮ǰŵֻȢҦһˣɺֱԣ˸ͨӣȢ˻ʺͺܶŹŮкܶŮӵĵλѹҦһͷ˵£л಻ƽ
Ž߬ȭͷȻԶţǵƴȫǸλã⵱а誵ĹأãˣҲˣɰİŮˣ첻κвΪλҪ԰誡
ΪȨƣΪ˳иϳЭЦҡͷŮһ㣬һԵҦûһǿĸΪ֧ţȻЩŹŮϵõȨֶ֧ࡣ
֮ҦڹйҲǺܺã۸һλ£˫ۿƲסͨ죬Ȼ֮ʥԿǹ˫֣ҦܹѾˣʧ˵ġ
Žһߵ˺ӱһʯͷǰ㽾ˣԸĺ󹬣ȴֵ³ֱǣֱǡ
ŽɤӶɳˣһʱ֮侹ȻѡһʵĴˣκδʶ޷˿̵顣
Ҧ͵͵ܳʱǱˣҲǰ㽾뵽ռҦʮҲԿ˳
ھҪɱŽŭߣҪս빬Уǻʵ۵ͷ­
˫ɿݵץסĸ첲㵥ǹƥֻ»δͱϵ˻׽ȥʱƽ衣
ô죿ƽţǱ׽סҲҪƴһѣɱŽĺֱ
ҡͷɱһʱôλģһء
˼ǣŽüƬ̺ͨˣ˼ǣǷǫλʵۣ
ûǿˣһȡѵٿһΣҲɱ˸ﱨ˼˵
㲻˵ûи׵˭ôŽʣЩ˵ˣ
˵ģҦһʼǣݣ֪࣬Ҧ֪ΪΣδϵ䣬ǫ⺢ӿ˱ʼǺҲ㣬ŭɶҪɱˡ
ûȥҲҲ׵ݣֻ֪֮Ҳ١
뾩ض֪ϾŽܵġ
ƺΪǸĿģ踺أѾ˽½ǫƷԣ֪⺢Ӳһ嶯ˡ
Ȼ˾ǾͲҪ;ϡŽط˶ʮˣ̩񰲣û̴ҲڣûίΪⱲӾȥˣοҪɽˡ
˵ãҲ֪ıʲô糣ߺ½ǫûвʲô쳣
һִһ죬磬ļǵĶ飬һͬ
ûѡ
ԭŽҲ½ǫһƥ½ǫܾˡ
½ǫǻģСΣͨгһ
һ߸½ϾĸӣܻЩڣмţ˶Ρ
֮·˳ܿ͵˾ſڣԤƵʮ춼Ҫ죬͵ˡ
Ϊǳ⣬½ǫҲƵĸ·˵ʲôҰտˣտԺ˾ǣԺԺտҲС
Ҫǰȫȫȥ˵ȥ˾ǻӦǣҲһְȫϡ
ϢԳɲŵõϢ˵Ǵδɱʧˣȥȫˡ
˵ŽĶĸ½ǫһͬ뾩Ž½ǫ
Գ⻰ˤ˼ӣǷôС¶ã
Ϣŭлᣬ˾ɱ㣬ءƽЦĴյԳɶ˵˸취Գ۾̾ˣҪ죬ڻټ֮ǰ
ƽ¶һڱصõЦݣ·ģ֤˾ǵĴš
½ǫһ˵˾ſڣſڵЩ˿ôҲҵ¡
ҪŻҪ³̲飬İ࣬Ҫǵ˶ʲôٿǵǲͨҪ
һ㶼ûʲô£½ǫǰЩűⵣġǣģ⳵ȫ˳ͨˣЩҲ㿴һܵĺܣõ˶ʱ䡣
Щţ֮ǰ˵Գɱ½ǫ֮ľһֱܻš
һԳ˻֮ھǺߣҲƫ˴ļ˷˴Ҳ׷ԼҲֳ
Ҳ֮ˣֻǱѵ˼䣬˰¾ǳͷˡ
ڻϲ֪½ǫ׶ӣԳɵ˻ӣԳɱ½ǫ
½ǫˣҲ½ǫʬף½ǫҲǰ
ŵ߬½ǫĸ첲³ʲô¡
Ⱳ½ǫҲѣļˣˣʧȥ½ǫҪܡ
ʱ룬ҲһӹôңΪⱲôõ½ǫ
뵣ţֵǡ
鿴ǴĶһӵǵһȦ˵ǴĶЩɣץȥ
˵ץȥ飬ʵȥ˾ͻزˣֵط˵㣬ǰ;ڳſŻһЩ̡
ÿ˵ȥ֮󣬸̾ͻǮ㣬ǮǾֱӷˣΪǡ
ǽն½ǫǣҪľͲǮˣ
½ǫһоڹΪѣҷ뾩ȥӼ飬ʥּΪ֤ǹΪң»֪˹
⻰ȻЩ㡣
Եһ˵ڵƭʥּұˣôȥͨǸɻץȥúʣ
˵ʲô߶ˣȻСñô๫
½ǫҲ˵ǽã˵ǲɻ˭أ
Խǰжݺݺϴգûϣ˵ǲɻĺ
Ĳˣ󱳱ŵĺӧǹǰ棬ҿ˭ҶСүҵĿɲۡ
ҹسǻˣǶץȥһ
ҿ˭ҡ׵ӳﴫ˳ǺºͣӲȴܴĺԶסÿһˡ
½ǫʲôڹŻЧ
׵Ļºһᣬһж̫ӳ
Ȼ̫࣬ȴ⾩ŷɥһˡ
ⶫףǿһ֮֮ϵĴڣҶ˵Ȩةࡣ
ة಻ɱˣ׿ԣֻҪøɱˣֱɱˡ
ƽ񡢹Աǻ׹ݣֻҪøɱͿֱӶ֣ǴȥʣվŽȥųȫûȫʬܶԷйҲãйҲãǱԩҲã޷ų
ɱ֮Żȥͨϣ˵Լɱ˵ɣϴǶΡ
Ҷ˵ǻһѵΪڣŲ˸˼ϵĻλȡ
Ҳ˵ϲ׵ĵû϶Σɱ˲ɱˡ
ΪڣǴȥˣٹ٣ֹСҹ䡣
ſЩˣŵýղǸֺӺͬŵֱͨһڵϡ
Ƿǳĺڣ֪½ǫжţһٸӣҲҽӡ
˳ſڣͷŵǣɣҪ˷Ϲ𣿼Ȼ˵ʥּΪβȲ֤ʥּжʥּǲǼٵģ
СǵʧְСǴˣӺͬ鲻ͣؿͷͷˡ
һģԭֹֻΪʧְûоɱ½ǫġ
׵һ仰ŵ˿ӣ㷴ǲʲôıϵʥּηǲ췴ˣضúһôĿġ
˵˵ҪǻضѾ˰ˣ֪׵Ĳ죬ѾûлĻˡ
ǲȥȫʬȥ˶ʱֻʣʲôͲ˵ˡ
ͥڣϣǵͬﴫϢ̧̧֣ˣǵϴȥϸϸʡ
˻˵;ͱϣһˡ
ڳĲǺЩŶҪǵİ̼Ƕŵˣ޲ܡ
˱˵ͬץȥֻսսشԭأҴһ
½ǫҲ⣬֮ǰʱ׶һƵģ⻹һμס
߸Ǻµ½ǫΪһֹһμףٴλһĿ־塣
ˡߵ½ǫǰĵ½ǫǰЦʣٽҲˣ
üô֪ٽ
ٽԼԷģǽٽ
ҲֻǾӪ֪ǰδԷҲûȥӪô֪ݵģ
˷Űǣֲǻˣӵɻ
Ҹʶдʱҵġ˵
ԭЦͷøղŰɻ˺ܲ˼Ͻÿ·
׸½ǫ˵Ҹ˼լӣȥϢ죬ٳѡϲլӡ
ô鷳ˣһ½ǫش𣬡˵ˣסǣҵĵӣסҼ͹һЩ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


70 

ײδǿ,ҲãסǱܱסǱҪһЩ
£һ½ǫʱ, ײǵôתͷˣ
ѵǰ֪ڳſڻΣ, , ˣҲ, 뿪ˣ
˳ţ½ǫŻȻˡ
ھҲһլӣǵʥϴ͸ģֻڻϸյǻǼסʮǰ뿪֮, Ҳûл
뾩û֪ͨκ, ǻϢͨĶڳſӭ, һ˳ǣͿ˵·ռˡ
½ǫ², ھ, һǣЩ˿ˣӰֻЩ˻вЩȻ, Ҳǲ, ȻҲʲô, ϶ǰ, Ҫ鷳
·Ե˶һķɣյĵʲô֮ö겻ͽܵҲյӵġ
Ƿ½ǫòˣǸ佫Ǹׯں
ȴͶ͸¶ŸϢԻվһλεεСɡ
ȥһμǣμĩβдӵϵһЩɣоᵽλӺķɣᵽλΪȴ㲦һ£ܴӴֲʶĴҰдʫвŻĸһӮһλš
ȻҲдλĳ࣬ҷ׷׺棬һλ佱ĸ
ôһȻͬ죬ƯСͲ˵ˣ˵ľͶͺţ˫۾Ҳǳ
ŻʫܶЩĲӾͿʼĽ½ǫˣǾԼӷûвŻؼ֮˵һȥһλвŻĸǼֱɰ¡
Ⱥλˣλھӣӱɵ˵ط
Ӹһһߺ½ǫܡ
λʦ硣˵λŷ񰺡ǰء¡
½ǫ͵͵⼸ˣŷ񰺿ʮӣһɽӣıȽСյʮСͷƵģӦĴӣʮʱ˵һӣڶʮʱյĻϡ
ǰʮңһٵģֿ̰ĹԱ
ֵģƤܰףЦǺǵġ
ͱһЩ쵽ʮӣһϮ£һַӵӡ
λһ˶ϲͽԳɵˣǹˣûͽԳɣǾȥԳɼҴʥּ߼Ρ
λʦӦзǵˣмڱϥİͽԳɡ
ҲΪ߸⼸λʦˡ
½ǫһλʦ
߳λҵĹŵӣԺҲǵСʦˣԭǫҵĹŵӣǰв֮ˣΪҵĹŵӡ
λʦ絹Ǳûʦԣ֮ǰʦչΪŮӣһλʦõı֪ŻŮ
Χ۵˾;סˣ׷׵һ֮Сۣոӣ˹ġ
ôܶأѧٺãҲˡ
˵вŻʫ
ʫѣ㲻ҲʫֻǸʫһͨʫڸˣԴҲžڲͬӶԱȣ϶С˵⻰˼ǰȥΪӣܾˣû˸ְ취ʲô͹صڱйȵȣ۶ûһƾʲôɱˣ
֮ǰ˵ڱӮһôӦ֮¡
ƫԶŶѣҪҸһ𣿱涨ͯſԶǵطԱ⣬ƫԶܳʲô⣿ǱߵźͯοһϢͨ˵Ǹ˵ǿеһдó˵ǹӼѧĸڳΪ٣ȻϢͨĺܡ
˶ΧļٵģֱΧסǵĸоȻģ
ԽԽߺ½ǫǶˡ
½ǫüҪȥۣȴסˡ
߶ҡҡͷסǣԺǻ˵ֻ
ǰǵͷôˣ˵Ǿ飬ʹˣǲŻô
̾ˣеæҪʰҪҷӰңôæЩ˵ˡ
ΪˣΪԼǸݶԱЩΪǸͻҲе
Ҳ뷨ǹﱻ͸뷨ѾϴˣίҲΪǺġ
ǼλʦҲü˵Щˡ
⼸λʦȫǳ͢٣ְܱͣͷλĵְߣǼλ¸鷳Ͻͱˡ
δߣִӣʫһ
ΪЩ˲˵ˣǾ͸ˣͻȻͺϿͻȻʦѧһãȻ޴ֺ¡
Ҫǣڳ˵Ŀⶼϣ߽ŵðߡ
ô˿ţ£ԼʫЩЦ
ǲʫǾ๫ʦǶҪЦ
˵ʫĲҲʶʶ
ĲҲûйϵУһǶҪ󲻸ߡ
뷨кܶ࣬ǸֻҪʫͺܲˡ
ղŻкö˾ߺ͸ͨͬ
ǱЩƲߵ˴£뷨׾ͱˣȷʵУϸһ߻¶˺µɫ;Ҳˡ
᲻аɡ
ǣһ̫ɽˡ
Ҳп۵ʱ򰡡
˷ѺԴҪĵӣڵʮʫ
½ǫЩ˷񶨺ͳЦĻԽԽ£ҲڷСɾ
ǽձΧ߿϶ԥվ˵ǱΧ˱ߣ߾ͲΪԼˡ
߸ۣ½ǫˣְ̧ıϵǰˣˣʮ˭ٴߴ٣ھͻͻǡ
˿е׷ü̫ҰˣֻǼЦŵú
ڳû˵֮½ǫŻͷסߵ֣£ֵڲŹ꣬ʫͨЩѧʮʮҲûʸЦ㡣
ڳĺܶ⻰ЩǷôһ̣Ҳ̫ϧˡ
ǸΪʳߵ˿̬ȵת䣬½ǫᶯֻ֣
߱½ǫ֣ƽ˲٣ҲȥЩˣͷ˼Ƭ̣У¾һʫ
Ǻܴ󣬵Χ̫ˣǱˡ
ҵͷĵͷƵĹƣеóֽʵ¼ĥôʣͣؿ˵
½ǫҲŽҼҷɾôʱõʫŰɣ
һԵ֣Ϊعʶ½ǫڿţȻʫʲô˼ǻͦϿڵģȤɩ
ʦҲʫܺãʫһ㣬һֺůĸо
߳˷ͷˣˣ߰ɣٲȥ춼ˡ
һҵլȥˡ

һߣ׽½ǫ뾩Ϣ˻ϣ£Ҫټ
ϰڰ֣Ȳ
ûü׼½ǫҦת϶Ǽһߡ
ټڵ½ǫǸˣܲԼ֮תһˣҪһӣ˵
Ȼһͬˣʡ
ףǡ
̾˿ĸܸӣصʦҲİŮ˵ĳˡ
ʱ޲ɱȴȰɱض¶˵Ĳ
ǳйԱǰչ٣Ϊ²μӿƾ٣б˿á
ǶˣŽǮDة඼᲻췴ûֹǡ
Ȼ֪Щ˵һϻλӲ˻λܰһΡ
׻Ի˵ҪƴﲻҲҪ˱湦˲Ż˵һλ
϶׵ĻΣȻȡ׵Ľ顣
ʱҦǴ֮󣬲ûɱ˴լӣҪ٣ٺ»
ϧǹֱ뿪˾ǡ
ЩΪֻǲȨƺͲƸΪߣЩӹ׵Ķûϵ룬һҸס
˵½ǫˣȢ˸ɣǷΣϺܲˬ½ǫҦתǸˣҲø˳ס
Ǹܲˡһ׶ߵۺܸߡ
һμʱ⺢ӳúƯҲ½ǫǰӣԸҲܿɰȾЩضĴҹ鶯ࡣ
ӻͳһֽݸϣǷɽʫѧϰʫһ꣬ܶʱôõһʫֻϧݡ
ӣǰͯѾ״ԪϧݵûܴС飬ֻܼˡ
׵Ļû뵽˵Ҧ˵ĻʱϸҦ˵ѵһŮӣŮֻ֪ƽϺլЩ飬ûж־ԶҦ
˰ЩŮ˹ںլǶʶ֣ǹֻǹܺլ飬ˣǵȨֹܣ˭ЦһЩ
Ҧ˵ǺլҲѴһ£ȴæۻңľţԼһ¡
һʱȣ͸Ҧ˵˻ʵۣһҪŮӺ͸һ
˻ʵȴʳˣǾ¼ѶȥΪǰԼ˵Ļ̫ɣŮ˸һͱ˵һȣֻ߹Ĵڡ
Ҧ˸ҲûжҡԼ뷨
ΪЩЭЩҪּӦҦʱͻ󣬲ʮѣʱҲǻϣûоϷһ˵ҲͲˡ
뵽̾˿ҦΪʲôôǿȻˡ
ͷȻڶûиıԼ뷨ҦЩˣ˳Ҧ˼ǲҦҲ
ԼЩǷҦϲҪ
ҦŵʱЩνֻҪҦߣһҦЭŮһǻ
Ҧˣˣһ߰׹ǣ˵ܶ޷κεĻӦʼ˼֮ǰļǷֵá

½ǫѾļңļһͦ󣬾㳣ûھסҲ˴ɨԺܸɾ
˸׼˿ͷһһ
ҵլиܴĺ԰˸ɫĻмɽ˹ɡ
Щ費ķ˵ǻ͵ģǾǻϲķ
½ǫЩ֪ˣϲ硣
½ôĻ԰˵ϧôĵطҪЩ㵾ӶãЩݲݵʲôãԲȵġ
Ҳŵͷزʳǿϧˣ
ǰ½ǫû԰͸ֻһ
Դ˿ռ֮鶼ˣֵأӵиأ˸ֲߡˮʳ
ǱҪģڿ֮ǰû̫ʱȥֲĥһԺӵķӣԺףҲ
Էʱ½ǫôԺҪǮ
ߵһ꣬Ҫʮ
٣ŵðѿӵϣҵķֻһԳɼҵ֮һ󣬾ȻҪʮ
๫ڷʱ˵Ҫһôķӣ๫Ҫʧˡ
½ǫȷʵͦʧ䣬ǾǣضλãһЩҲȻġ
ϸһʽ𣬶ڹӼԱСһЩĶլӣֵؾͲҪˣи·СԺӾͲˣҵ¿ûطʱİ·ޱŵ
½ǫ⻰ݣƫƧһЩλأ
ƫƧһЩҲСԺӵģӴһЩģҲֻŸ¿·һСĲ˵ءعش
ЩׯأһҪǮ½ǫ֪Щ׵Ķûع˽Ķ࣬ɴֱع¡
ع£СһЩҪʮһЩʮһпܡ
½ǫ⻰ûѹͷһС
֮ǰһϻϸһ޿
ֻǴ޿ǷŵǾƨˡ
ع֪½ǫһϲֵأׯ˿϶Ƕ³ͷޣСһЩׯһҪǧһһᣬҿ԰æϵ
ǧ½ǫԥƬ̣ھСһסţȻһׯһЩǮӶЩ
½ǫÿУع¹ֵҪǮ
ع£˲ֱֵغãǩǹҲ͵ˣǹһЩǿͷһ֮ǮȫԼ׳ЩĺҪһЩӸıһЩӾͿԣҪƯСѾ߾͹һЩҪ
½ǫһ⻰üͷûеءӹ˵ĸ¿ǮҲ̫ħˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


71 
ۺ
½Էʱһֱڷ, һΪ˱ӣŲͬԷ
һҲϰ߸ͬԷԼǸĸ, ʧ, ½ǫǶ
Щδ½ǫ˵, ½ǫĲˣΪ½һЩ, Ҫѡӡ
ڶһ磬½ǫһұȥլˣǵ·Ϥع´˸һЩС
½ǫѾѻԼĴ㶼½ˣ½Ҳķһ, Ҳ޿κΣСһЩν, ֻһһ, һҲҸġ
ߺ½ӦӼ฽ķӡ
ǹӼλýӽʹˣǼ۸ߵ, һֻĴԺӵС, ƺһûéйé
ҷСֻܷ´̺һֻܽһˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ½ǫѧ֮סӼ, ߺҪס, طСҲͲ, ھӵҲ, ֻҪһ뵽ÿСҪһȺŶéʹ
éҲûи䣬СɵƨɲǵñһȺȥԼûúƹأټéǸӣһһŻȥˤҲñй
½ǫ֣ûҪסӼ涨ѧ߱סᣬ²һգԶһЩľС
е˵ƫƧһЩνҪլӣҪСԺӣéޣҪסķ䡣
½ǫҪ󣬵мķӡ
ǵķʹԽԽʹԶԽˡ
ʹĵطҲƫƧԵҲĲࡣ
ãǵĳ˲һʱһƬķģмǻʹΧĸ߳
ߵķӿûôӵˣʵŽӽʳǵĵطҲֹһСԺӡ
ֻЩСһЩԺӶҪʮˣ߶СԺһһ
˸½ǫ˵ֻҪһʱʶҲһˣϸһ뵹Ǿתܿ¡
֮ǰϵķۣСԺֻҪһһԽۡ
ǵ˾ǣһֻˡ
ǵſڣ˷ǳĵĸǽ⣺ֺܽһ־ǼУǱʲô򵽣·Ҳƽ̹
߻δסլӣߵſڣȻûҵĴŴ󣬵ǱǴЩҪɶˡ
ֻһţϲ
˳ӣСĶ˵ϲ
½ǫ⻰ߵͷ˵ǽȥҲͶֳϲȻýۡ
û뵽๫ôо飬ĳּ˼֣½ǫʲô˧ˣ˾ӵġ
ͷãһֳϲӡ
½ǫһߵԴ´ٰңԲֱݵĻˣһϲͺãʼ۸񣬾Խǰǰ㡣
ƿŽȥһǱŷסĵطŽȥһεԺӣ涼ӣ󣬵ӵС֮ߵԺӾԵúܴˡ
ԺӲôԺﻹпھ˵ԺҲֲˣŪѼҲС
½ǫһ⻰ԭѣֻǸˮ̫ˣҲ٣ֻҪеؾʳˣôеطˮ
½ǫһȦȷʵҪҲгݺʹԶԭϵķ仹ҪһЩһһ˵ķ䡣
ͷһǱһ䣬ǸŷͳסģͷһԸ󷹵ӻѾס
½ǫûҪҪѾߡ
ԽǰﵹйܼӶˣŮУǵǵǹŴ
Ǹɣһ˻˼ô죿ǵһЩ͸ӻæſڿŵѡʵˡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫ߶һҲԼȥЩԵ
ӾôˣǮ½һЩǧӣǩ֮ⷿӾǵˡ
ŷĵĺϲ£죬ȥʱһһġ
ֻϧ̾סȥȻߵøġ
ǻȥʱͣˣǮDҲˡ
ڴſڶš
ۼҼǵү˵Ҳ뾩ǣĴԣЦ۾ȷʵһϿ͵
ǮDÿοͺܷ߾ߣΪҿģ
ǮD˵ţͿ½ǫǻˣܿĵĶ֡
ǻˣǮDȻѾǿʮˣɺܻãݻҲֻڼ½ǫʱŻ¶ڼʱǼⳡϵЩʱǺġ
뾩Ǵ˲ȥǮDҪߡ
ȴһ£½ǫһӣǻϸǵһʽ½ǫ˵˵ȥˣѡеô
Ѿˡ½ǫ˵˵ַ
λòãҲ̫㣬ϸʽȷʵ̫٣ҿڣҿһЩ˵
õ㣿ǮDǱλ̫ƫƧˣˮģֿܵ࣬ھмլסס
ҡͷллǮ壬ˣҺϲڵķӡ
˼ҵķٺãҲûйУԼҵķСҲаȫУúڡ
ðɣ֪ô˵ǮDſϧһֱ½ǫһҺõȰ½ǫȰߣûа취˵ǡ
ţ½ǫò˼꣬ҪĶͶܵõ
ǮDף⵽Էʱˣȥɣûķ
ǮDôӣҲûЦ񣬴뿪ˡ
½ǫǻصլȷʵ˳ԷʱǮDԼһˡ
̧ӣһķıȫģ͸ǫѧ񡣡
½ǫüô࣬Ҫüꣿ
ҲȫдõģǮD§סļ򣬡ǲף໭һЩ˵ֳҪ𣿡
ǮDǸ׷ķ˿Ȳĵ½ǫߴ߸塣
£м½ǫûʱ侫¥ǿԸǮDк׼ڳׯֲˣЩ˳֮ľ¥˷ҳÿҶҪֳɡ
ԿԡǮDڿǿүƵģȻǮDѾ׸ˣ˭Ǯأڳׯӣֱֱ͡㣬ҲڸǮԺЩֳۣ㿴Σ
ԣҪס½ǫ룬ҪҪ˷ԽǰҵֱӼ̳˼ҵĹ˾ʲôȱְһжŪˣЩͻҲԽʶ
ֹ˾ʱҹ˾ѾܴˣҪĲ׬Ǯôס̳ĲƲͺá
ڲͬˣһжҪԼ
̸ˣ⻹иߵǮDһΡ
ͷŮ˶ΣҲ˱Ů˺͸ܿв˷ͷϴɫ·ӡ
ǮD͵һʺϸģǰЩӵһ䣬Ҿ֪ʺߣͽ˴ˣ㿴ϲϲ
߿ǺΣǺܿŵʽһ֧Ӵ֣һӣԼ塣
ȷʵͦĶֻףǮD͸ȫǿ½ǫϡ
תͷ½ǫ˼½ǫͷˡ
½ǫҲóԼ۸ǮDЩչ˳ģ岻ͬ
ۣȷʵ󡣡ǮD˵ذպãһúƷġ

½ǫˣǸոհܶ࣬һ֮ȥӼѧ
˵ȥ˵õģ
˷ӣȻûסȥһ˶ܿġ
߸˵˯ž۾ڴɵЦ
½ǫְԼؿڣ˯ɣǻҪȥľҾߣرǼҾֳɵľУסȥʣµĵȰȥ֮ҲС
ߵͷȲ޲ھȥ¼Ҵ˯
ԺȥϿβڼңҲȥǱϿΣ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ¹Ρ½ǫ˵
ߵͷȤдʫҲǡ
С˵ﻰ֪ܵʶ
һûж飬˶һ飬дʫҶͨĸͬ˶佱顣
ǵڶһȥҾˣ½˵ǿҪȥʰһ¡
½ǫ˵֮Ǵɨͺã½˵Լеķţ֮ǰڴÿ춼Ҫ˰뱲ˡ
ڴʱÿ춼Ҫ԰ҪºͼһѼѼ졣
Ÿ·ʱ򻹺ãǵס֮󣬾Ȼ鶼˰æˣ˵ϴϴ˰æ
ʵܲͷҪ˰æӣ޲ȥ
ΰңһҪԶִɨ½ǫ˻
ҲϳʲôԼΪʲôҪǮ˻ùǷ
½򼸸˻㼦Ѽܳ⻹µá
½Щͷ½ǫߣۣһ⣬Ӵˣʲô뷨ȥɣҪؼȥɻ뷨½ǫҲ
½ǫҲ֪½˭Ҳû취ı䣬ֻ˳½⡣
ȸ¿½ȥķӣȻȥҾߡ
ǵ۹󣬵ǶʽȴҪ£ҲһЩ
ŴӷԼһЩư裬Щֳõģͻ
ôһѶҪһӡ
½ǫϳʱһǮ˶ӣ˵¼ҵװʽ
߻˵òô࣬ʮӾ㹻ˡ
ˣʮǴļ۸ھ﷭ʮ
ȥҪȥˢǽ
ˢǽһûмȩǺ׵ǽƤҲбס
ȥ˹ȥˢǽ˳ѷԺһ£ǷƬҪлĻһ£©ꡣ
½ȥ·ӰԺӲݰˣҲ֪ⷿӼûסˣӲݶа˸ˣзҲȥӵ
⼸һۻˣ˲£ڰȥˡ
ȥʱ֮ǰ˷ܸжʧˣʣµľֻƣ
⻹ЩҾûãҲûأгׯûأ뵽Щͻ޿
ݹڴʱ½ǫûʲôоƣԴתˡ
½ǫսСɵĲᣬʲôζôõĲһ
ûи½ǫһϴ֮ǰסһҪϴ裬½ǫ϶ῴȻͱһϴ
ϴ費ڷˣרŻֳһ䷿ϴ裬ϴ½ǫŷ֣оһڡ
ûʲôһͿˣְֱ̧½ǫϣƿõͬһ
ΪʲôһЩ½ǫְԼͷ˵ЩۻСɣСɴСࡣ
ǰɴδߴ࣬ۺˣϢһӰɣ´οɲô׷Ź㣬ǰס
˯еߺߺһ̧ס͡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


72 
ѡ
һ, ½ڼĥӣǰ뱲ӶôģʵǷŲһ첻Ϳġ
۾, Ҫȥé, ȴ½ĥ, Щȣ, Ǳгģ׼ȥЩ˻أæˡ
գʲô׼һƬԺڳ, ֵСˣԺҲûǮˡ½һԺ, Ժӵ̵ǵש, ;÷ǳϧɷӵʱ, ù˰ԺһΪ, Ūһʮ״··ֻ˲ߣʣµСؾЩСˡ
߲ǰôҸһ½˵
ߺͷҸһ֡
½ǫһ˵ҪԺֲ˵顣
, Ǹһȥׯ, Ǳߵط, ЩʲôԽ, ֺ͹Ҳ̫Զ½ǫ˵
죬ǻҪԼ˳ԡ½ǫ§סߣҸһȥг
Ҹһȥ½֣һ
ǰڴʱֻйǰִյʱȥϼƽûֿļС
ϵ·̯߰ļУǶ಻࣬Ҳȫģһǹûʲôˡ
ɾļоͲһˣ絽һֱ˲Ž
Ҿļкܶ࣬ĸĸͼУиСһЩļС
ǼҸľһСһļУַǳĳܺڶ
Ǹս֣ľڵİӡ⽡
ζӾ͹лˣԭƻǹЩ˻ȥ緹
Щ߲·ˣ๫ӣЩȥȻԼˮ
½ǫ˵ֱˣ½Լԡ
˭֪½һǵı飬֪ԣհ˼ңĶûȫ԰ɡ
˵꿴˸Сһģε̾˿Ҳˣ͸СһаӿҪƾٵˣСһŲᱻЦô
Ϊ½Ŵ˹½ǫʮɵӣ֮½ǫˣɻᵣ½ǫɵӡ
ѡһͦ˸λ£˼
½֪Ķǰһ۸񣬰һһڵİҪǮҪʮģ֮ǰһڰӶǮ
ǹЩҲ̫ף½ʹʹҲûС㹻ǳԱ
ΪǮİжóԡ½ƵƵҡͷһֶ˵ζ̫ͨˣϵĲ࣬ĺãôҪôߡ
̯λѹɡ½ǫû뵽磬ЩĽɫɱѹô
֮ʱ򣬲˼Ҳܹ½صһ¶ļ۸񣬶ȻҪʮǮһ飬ĶڴҪСࡣ
ⶹССҲ£ѹģֺͻơ
⻹ûˣһ鶹ȻҪʮǮ򣿡û½˵⻰ʱС̯λȥʮ顣
½۲һ£̯λϰ׼˶ʮ嶹ÿ涼ʮ鶹
Ƕÿ׬Ǯ룬һ¾ء
֮ǰڴʱÿõʱһʮ飬ʱ飬Ҷÿʮ飬ȥľԼҳԡ
ߺ½ǫȥĲˣȥ򶹸
½ǫǵ½ĥôôҪȥ򶹸
ѵ볢ⶹʲôͬ
û룬ȥ˺͵ϡ
½򶹸ʱ̯ģ̯ҲǸѸйͬԣĵû
Է˵ŽǣǰҲģҴأΪ½ڱ˼﹤˵ģҲû½֣ûš
û½Ͱҵ̯λ׳ˡ
ԭһСС̯λȻҪӣǱٴһЩҪȡ
ƫƧһЩĻˣҲи̯λһһµġ
½ˣȻ࣬ÿȥ̯λѻ׬Ҳܻ㡣
ʳģҰˣÿһҶǹӦ
һҴһЩ̯λÿ컹Ĳ͹ݾ¥ͼʮ鶹׬Ļࡣ
½Ķһ뵽½ǫĻҪˡ
Щģ˵˿϶Ҫ½ǫܾ˵

ͷһôļУоʲôʡ
һҲǣԴӽ˾֮󣬾Ҳûлš
һ޸½ǫ㹻ɣϱҲ顣
һľôܳԵĸ
һҪĶˣΪ±ȫԼСң๫˵ʣµ鶼ԾĲԼСҡ
ȥǱϿΣѧ֪ʶ飬ʫ
๫öСС
벻ѣ½ǫֱѵģþûԹˮ̾߹ȥ
ѣϿˮûгԹĸȥдһһɫ򣬺ܺÿ֪ζΡ
̯ԥӣժһŴݸߣλɳζҼˮر𡣡
ֱҪҧ½ǫסˡ
½ǫƤϸϸذ¶ɫĹ⣬͵ߵߡ
½ǫϰ߳ҪƤΪƤɬӰĿڸС
߽ͽζڿУڸҲδģֻ۾ҪðһſСˣóԣ๫ǶһЩɡ
½ǫһģǵˮͦһҪʮġ
߾õɴ˫ۣ뵽һʮǮӣʹĲУ๫ˡ
๫ѾѷŽ˲Ҳ˵๫ˡ
ǻ˸ˮ˵ӡϡӣҡ
½ǫû뵽ˮ൹ͦģڻܿˮɡ
½ǫһЩĲӶװˣ½ǫĲˮߵĻһϡ
½ǫ̾˿˵̫ˣоϴͺˡ
ԣҪܰгֱӰѶڳڳϣҲܷ㡣
ʲôľȲҪˣǿռӦ
񣬹ҲҪȵһټ̶ֳȰɡ
ǻȥ½ʱ½סˣ˵ȻöӹǮ⻨Ǯִŵӣҵ׾Ͱܹˡ
Ҳ½ӼᶨҪСľġ
ؼ֮½ǫ߰Ϸŵţһ
ߺµȥòˣȴƮˮϣʱôôܸˮϣ档
½ǫӣҺӶϴ˷һһԺԡ
ЩˮûкıҲûк𣬵½ǫѾþûгԹˮˣо
ߺ½ûԹʲôˮ֮ͣ
½ܿס˼ھͣˣԵ㣬ʹˣЩˡ
ѶӳҲԲô࣬ԲͷŻˡ½ǫ˸ӰƤݸ½
½ԹĵһۣǼһˣͷ¿ǿĿˣ´ʱ̫ࡣ
ȶڼŪѾͺˣԺٶ¶ỵˡ½ǫȥ
ȻûʢģһһȣܳԵҲһܡ
пȿܺ죬е࣬½ǫϣҪǿռܸṩ־ͺˡ
½ǫҪӣ߿ô࣬һŵģȿҲ࣬߾ú鷳ˬԺӵӵ鷳
˲һ𣬱˭µԶ˲ʱᴫЦ
һԵ½һ½ǫļ򣺡ȥѧɲҪЩͬ£ᱻЦ
֪½ǫЦŻش
ߴһˣҲúࡣ
ԽǰΪ˹˾ӱҵ͵װصӣڹ˾Ա߳ýʱ򣬶Ҫֳӡ
úۣһҪһڶԷǰαװˣϧʵûԽԸԳˡ
һţ磡ڼ𣿡
Ľ֮ͻؼҰˣǼھҲнܾû˻ˣؼҿ
½ǫȥţЦŴСڳϣµôһ𣿡
ڼҳԲ𣿡½ǫ
ڼҳԺ͸ɩһһ𣿡İŵϣ½кͺϣԱߣɩӣһ˭µԶ
½һС
Ժߴߴģ½ȥûĶˣ˵ЦоҲͦá
ʱе˴˼˹½ǫǿǿûеġ
֮ǰ½ǫе˵ҪˣǾѡˡ
е֪½ǫĵӣһǮD׹ϵǳһүһǲȻҪȥңܰЩ͵͵ˣ˴
߻ͷһξ£Щţ֮ǰ½ǫˣһŵģܿԼ۱ȸһЩ
Ȼһϴ󷹵ӣƽʱһ˵˵
˼ǵĽΪ½ǫƽʱڼңߺ߲ȫ
Ͼµĵطﲻͬһ֪ҾһһѸڣϹ͵ô죬ſ˿ţЩá
Ǽһˣǲ㣬һǻҲУҸӹⶼȫˡ
ҶߺҲһЩôۡ
е˴˺ӣѡ
ߴǼѡ˸ʮңʵֵġ
ѡӵʱ򿴵һףһԳɵĸм
ȫʲôֻǵôҶӡ
ڳջģȼߡ
˵ɷͺӣ˹ѸӺͼҲɷļֵܸռȥ޿ҲûǮֻ˼շתȥԳɵջ
֮ԶӡôΪӸԳɸϵЩ˲ͬ
ԳɼҵĸöѾС˶۸ߣΨ͵͵͹ͷԡҪȻôãˡ
ٴοӣһ󼤶ָ̾˵Ҫ
½ǫ˺󼸲˵ȷҪȻŸɾľګŸһЩ
ҪᶨЩԵ½ǫͬͬ⣬Ҫˡ
½ǫټߣƽʱ߾ͻԼ뷨
ô֣ӦԼɡ
½ǫͷȻѡ㡣
߸ղŻ½ǫͬأҪ½ǫͬ⣬Լ˽Ǯ
½ǫȴ˵ѡܸжȦͮͮˡ
½ǫôˣ˺ò޲ޣԺҲѡԭҺòã
ΪЦй㣬ǡǸжġ
С˵˵Լˣ˸
ѡˣǸŵĴ岻ģǹӶϵҪٷһǮӡ
ӾͱȽϱˣǩ
û취ӲǾˣǾͷһƫƧСɽģڴȥˣֻܳһƣۿžҪҪȥ߶ͷˣ޿κֻ취Լȥ
½˵̾˿뵽˵Լ
ɷҲûкӣ۸ںŻס˴ˣȻҲóū
л˵
췢һСŵ۵СǷһô-л2022-04-16 23:16:45-2022-04-17 22:59:04ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


73 
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ճ, ǾˣǼ̫֮ǰһ˶, ʣһ, ʮ˻Ҫһơ
õʮ, ʮˣʵׯں, ϳҲܿţȥ̸ŷסˡ
ԭޥʮʮ, ϸ֮·ʮ꣬Ǿ̫, 񲻺ÿ, ټ֮ǰũһֱũÿɹ, ԵһЩ
ʱͱһ, ؼǩͿֱסˡ
һޥԳɼҵʱѾйһҹֻǼҹûˣЩūתˣȥԳɵ
һԵɺ, ߸ı, ûȥһԭҡ
ʱޥûȥľ, , нĺܡ
ߺĴȥסķ䣬Ȼ˵ķ䣬Ҳͦġ
ԭ˷סĸˣֻޥһˣӾԵôˡ
ޥæ֣ʹã̫ˣһˣôסôõķ䡣
߿˿ⷿ䣬ȷʵ֮ǰڴסķҪãǸ๫ķȣͺࡣ
㰲ס°ɣ䷿ҲûԸסˡִȥ𴦿ǳƽ󷹾УԺˮˮˮˮֻղҪȥ
߲ԶҼ¿óݳһȥԺӣ˵׼ֵСƽʱԣӦûֲ˰ɣƽҺһЩͺá
ޥæͷӦһúøɡ
ǼҲûٻϴ·ЩƽûµʱϢ߸춼ԣ˺ܺã๫Ҳ㣬ġ˵ȻطϢϢʽϹ
߶ޥ飬ΪϱΨһ¶ˣޥڹô̲סԼ⡣
½ǫ֪ȥЩ£ҲûлʲôǼ߾Դߵʱ򣬾ͻ̲סɢԼ⡣
Ȼ˵ޥڶϹһ·֮Ϳʼɻ
һˮˮһ⼸ϴ·ϴˣȻֿʼ
ҲרҵĳʦĶһЩũҲˣһұǴɽģԵҲũҲˣղ
һҪһԼԼгææģ½ȥҪȥæ
½Ҫæż£ΪɻУ˻ȥ
½Ҫ޵ӣֻôӳ
ƽʱ½һ˵ͣˣЩţõøϽһ̯λ¸
׼ˮ裬ǰ½ǫˮ๫̫ˣǰ͵͵ȥˮˡ
δȥޥ˵ˮѾպˣǿ衣
ˮ࣬½ȥһݣָһݡ
ޥ̫ۣҲûһݣô½ǫһϴˡ
½ǫѾܾûܸСһϴˣ־ΥʸС
ɰϨ˲ŽԡͰ
Ķ࣬һԡͰȻõģȴ֮ǰõĻҪһȦҲýһˡ
½ǫȴҪСɱڻſϴ衣
ЩģŽ˺öȻǸɻģҲǸˣ̫Լۻġ
½ǫҲͬ⣬Խǰ½ǫҲ뼸Ƕвͬķֹɨֻȥɨֻ԰ֻԺӣޥһ˰лˣֲǻ϶ۻġ
Ѿ߻һ𣿡½ǫҲڵʱ顣
ֲʲôǧС㣬õѾˡ߾˵˵ЩҲ̫ˣǻˡ
̾˿Ų˻ҲУڼҲǮˣһҲС
ǼҲ̫ʹΧھӣ󲿷ֶһе˿ڶģһҲ룬Ҳˡ
Ҫǲ̫ݳˣ
ǾӦһӣӦǸЩ£ȹһ֪ǼǸദģͲнˡ½ǫϴʱ۱˵£Сﱧ˱㶼׽ˣǲˣ
һŬЩ½ǫ̬ȣǰһ½ǫôˣ
߱Ǹ˵̫ˣҲûˣϲ๫ˡ
һ仰˵ССģǷƽһǲ˼˵ֻġ
๫Ϊ䵭ˣż˵˵Ļ๫
˵꺦½ǫţͷ½ǫ
ǸżֿͰ͵̫ˣ½ǫס֪ǼȻң´βҪ¶ֱ顣
Ϊʲô̧ԼԼ¶ʲôˣܳ
ûףͿ½ǫս
Ϊңһ̲סҪ㡣½ǫ˵סߵ͡
ߵ۾͵󣬴һƬհף嶼סˡ
ѾþûнӹˣΧ··˺üȡ
ԹԵС̫ˣ½ǫղܡ߱½ǫץ磽һΡ
ߺڱֲ½ǫˣ֪½ǫС϶Ҫ⻹Ҫֵ飬û취ôĽܡ

½ǫҪȥӼѧˣһ磬ȥׯӿǱס죬ȥ
˵һȥ½˵ңͲһȥˡ
½ǫԭΪ½ôϲ϶һȥׯϿ
ҲǣǸհޥûԣһǶˣ߿ң˲ûѼҿסѼֵǮĶ͵ô죿
ȥһׯӻ֮ȥ¥ˣǵö
½ǫΪ½ڵļžңʵ½½ǫǳ֮ȥҸ̯λ
෬ҵ˼еĹ£Է˵һ̯λаµڣһµڵģһһµڵģĶȥˣʣȽ˶𣬲Ȼʱͱȥˡ
½һ£û̫Сģֻ̯λѡһСһЩģСһЩҲҪǮһ¡
˶ֻ࣬ҪڿһЩǾе׬ġ
½ǫ죬ǻ¶Ҫһ½ǫʱ
ûټ½ǫҲȥ½ǫ͵͵ȥһ½ǫ
õϢ˵½ǫţվ½ǫſڲԶš
ûãͿһһˡ
˵һ۾ҵԼҪҵˡ
½ǫ̲סԼôƵˣ
˸ӣ벻ԭˡ
½ǫüۼҦӰӣֲãֲǮDҪƧȥԭǶϳ½ǫ޵ĺӡ
ķ裬֪˲Ҳδ˵
̫ףܿ͸ҵ˽ڡ
ײ˵ţԲȰ½ǫе͵ӼѧֻҪ½ǫǾˡ
ǮDǾĲ
ĲУҲûֱȥ½ǫϡ
ϴ£Ǵȥϻñ˳Ц
㲻˵ˣ˵ǮDǶ˱ضڵſЦ
Ȼ֪½ǫԼĺӣȴϣڲϣҸڣ˦֮ܰ½ǫϻ
Ͽ½ǫԶȥıӰжٻǴεģӣǸʶԲ㣬ʾԲ㣬úò㡣

½ǫһȥǱߣǮDϣǮDȥׯӡ
ϳ֮ǮD͸ߴкɫ
˵ɫã뵽ԡʱ½ǫ£֮ǰһŶ֮ڶ˶ˣϵǿŶҲˣԼƤúˡ
ǮD˵ɫ£ͺߵתͷˡ
ǮDôˣ½ǫµˣ⣬ھﲻԼլӣΪʲôҪסҡ
סԼʲô˼ǮD֣ÿ춼˵ң񣬷ˣӦɴ㵽С
Ҳкܶʦݷá½ǫ˵
˭ͼ˭˭˾ǻʵ϶˵ͲĺܣǸˣôǮDڱϣҸȥׯ϶УҪȥǱЩʲô
½ǫóһӣЩѾһЩϼǱһЩû׼Ҳء
ǮD˺ģչƣӺãӲӵģɫÿҪôԣ
½ǫĿﵱûֳֶ𣿡
ǮDҡͷʱ򶫱ߵģΪ˻ϻλѾ̣ʱЩģ
½ǫû˵ѣĸ׸óĶ
ﵱֻûǸˣҲѾ˰ɣû׼ڶ׸ˣӵءǮΪһֵĸš
һжǸĵƻˣǸΪһ˽ĸ׵ɣˣ½ǫˡ
ǮD½ǫɫ֪½ǫһĸˡ
ĺӣûþʧȥԼĸףǮD룬Լͬ飬϶ʹɡ
ЩסǱߣ˵һƻ½ǫϻλļƻ
ƻǮDѪڡ
Ϳʥϲˬˣһʲô취
ȷʵŻϵǻֻǮвͬ˳
˵Ѿ˵ŽԥҪҪ£̫Σˡ
д˵Ҧߣױ¶ǵλãŵһһ룬ǲðա

ׯӲǺԶһ͵ˣͺ֮ǰڴסʱȥһ
ׯѾˣЩ߲ˡ
ׯͦ󣬶֮ǰ½ǫǸôˡ
֮ǰ½ǫΪǸСũ֮߳ػгƬĹдƬĲݵؿԸ棬Ҳլӣʱסƽʱũĵطס
լҲӶˣǺܶ࣬ǮDߣӶҲһЩʮ˴ɨӡ
½ǫָһƬׯӣ˵СһЩׯӡ
԰СׯӣǮDطأ㲻ҪҪСģҿЩ
½ǫָָǱߵĲݵأǱߵĲˣһ֣ҿϾܳһӣЩǺģұ֤ߵÿһضﾡá
һ˵˵ЦЦĵׯӴſڣǮDûǰ֪ͨʱģŵֱӸ˵ׯԺ½ǫ֡
ǸյſڣһŮ˵ĿǮDüߵС˵ȥô£ôʲô
֮ǰһߣûôңǮDоһδ½ǫԼĵ̣ôңЩ֮ǰ½ǫ˵ׯӶöţ˵ƵģЩìܣһ³
ͷһİĵطЩ๫ӣһɣŪ֮ȥٳʲô⡣
˵½ǫ뵽·ǱԳϮ飬̫֮æȥԳɵˡ
δׯӻȥҪϽҵԳɣȰԳɸˣȻҪģĵԳ˺ļˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


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ûһ, ǮDߵС˾ͻˣ˵͵˶ׯĹ½ѵҸ˵ү, ȷͷ, Ժ˽ȥ¡
˵ʱ, ߺƿ˳ͷһۣһʮҵСѾͷͷѪ, һһϡ
͵ʲôҪ򣿡ߺȻ뵽һԼΪĲˣ͵˵ʣʣԣС˿ˣΧȭߡ
ʱԳɵķ, ȴ衣
ﲻģĻί, Լֻ̫, һЩǲҪķ˰ˣҲᱻ, ΪʲôҪ
, Щ˲Ϊ͵ԶǾһӣȴȺū裬ܴеõһЩ̬ˡ
뵽ǰԼۿ, ̲ס˵˾,˶Ұ
½ǫΪǺ²Ż, §סļ˵͵˶ҲûбҪ˽¶̰, ôңѵׯϻʲô˲õı
ǮDɫѿΪ½ǫĻΪ߱ŵôģҲۣһ̫ˣׯſڴɱɱģû˷
Ƕͣ£ȥһʡǮD˵žƿӣС˺һͣ¡
лҪǡСվס
Щ˴ׯӱʼûмǮDֻǮҵĹܼҡ
ǮDҵׯ̫ˣһЩǵλˣׯӻǹܼҸ˵ˣԼôׯӡ
ׯǸĻʹȫūǮDģ֪ԼǮD֪ǮDү
ЩūǼǮDϽڵϣͷ̧һ¡
ģ˵˵ô¡ǮD˵
һʮ˹ǰ£үˣҰ͵˶ǺǽܶˣǹǳԵģȴ֪͵˸
ǲׯӵˣʲôȨǣǮDǸͷѪѾͷϽҪݡ
ү֪ԭׯһѾߵĺӣѾ˹ң͵͵˺ӣǷִˣӣǿſׯǸЩ˭ֽ֪Ųɾ͵һ֪ܣǲźúýѵѵǹ˵
Ҫѵɱ˰ɡ½ǫ˵Ҫȥʹһ
߿ѾͷʮҵģϵõģݵƤͷ
ǰ˵Ƥͷ֮ǰҲԼϱǶƤͷˣڸǰѾͷһԱȣϱӻЩ⣬ȥƤϻܳһǳǳĿӣǰСѾͷһ㱡Ƥ⡣
̧ۣҪȥ
ճһ๫˸ѣһũСϴ˼ֹ
һԵΪ½ǫǮDĶӣǮDĶϱæ̣ĺܣɲҪ
ûӣָ̧˲ͷϵѪιȥˣûд򣿸Ͻȸһ˿ڡ
Ӹæ˵еģͽ
Ǳ½ǫʹ£˵˹ңǴˣܲԼ˺ӣҵ˭
⣬µĲ˲ǲ֪˺ӣöˣܻҵ͵͵ˣδüʡ
½ǫǺӶʮˣͷôһ˰
Ǹ£Ŷڣ²ӵĸװɣﶼˣҲһ˰ɡ
ǹŰˣͣؿͷүɲ˵ôˣô¡
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ǮDü˶ģǣĺӶҵūͣʲôȨ˽ԴǣӣҲҵūͣҵǮǣôͳǺˣ
ǮDоͷŭ뿪漸죬ȴ㲻µˣˣЩ˶ˣһ˹
һԵ½ǫ⻰̲ס̾˿ĻǺųĹ
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Щū⻰ŰˣͣظǮDġ
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үЩūоԵ֧Ȩ
үү²ǣǸ澵ˡһµ
ԣһѾÿԼĻ֦չΪ˹Ϊʲô
ĴүŹǰɡ
ԣˣôƯΪ˹Ǹҹӡ
һ¡ǮDסǸµӣʲôҹӣĸҹҵׯӣҵѾߣǰ˵˵һ仰Ӧ֪
ǸӲ˵˭ֻǶ˵ʱиׯӵĹӿװԸ⣬ÿĻ֦չĳⲻǹ⹴ǹӵֶôǹӵĺӣǹӾͲҪˣҪ˵Ҳǻá
½ǫü׽˼ϢԸ⣬ǹȴǿ˺ӣ˺֮һ֮ˣ˺ӡҲǿ϶֪Ǹ˭Ҳضһ㣬Ȼӻеôʱ䣬û˲
½ǫˣǸС˿ڣ⺢Ӧʮ˰ɣûɱӣǲڼɵǸˣʱƣǷǸ˲ûҹӣӾˣ
ͷɵ㣬½ǫΪʲôɱǸŮˣȴɱĺӣΪǸ˷ԸǰǸŮ˸ɱˡ
Ǻ׹⣬ðѺӸɱˣ޷ӴؼңԾͰѺӵ
½ǫ뵽һͬѧ˵ͬѧֻèèһСèûôèͲȥȻҲɱСèӵ·ߡ
ͬѧ뷨ǣûɱСèﲻиУ˰СèؼҲһ鷳
ЩСèǶ·ߣǱ˼ˣ˿֪ˡ
Ҳӵĸ׵뷨ǣǸŮȥɴɱˣ鷳
Լ׹ȴ᲻ɱӵһӵū
һǲ֪Լȥ׵鷳˲ɱԼӵĸС
½ǫ뷨һ˵ǸµĹȻŵȶҲˣǸ˽ɱˣ
ǹµĹڵģүҰɣҲûа취
ѲɻǻϣȻҵׯӲͬɱҵˣǮDԻϵÿζǼһ»λڻδ˭ģ;ô£˻ûĳ
µŵſڵϣǻϣǡǡ
ǲ˵
ǮDߵСˣ⸽ׯӶ˭ģ
⸽µ룬ӡ
ðǮD۸ӵҲͷˣȥڲׯ
С˿ǮDı飬СѣүûбҪΪһŮֵ̫
һŮʶô۸ҵͷˣҷԸׯɱˣ̫ȥǮDľǴӣԣϵÿһӣǻʺĺӣǮDûʺλñҦģȴǸŮ˸ˣʺƾʲôҦλøߣ
ǮDĲУһһˣ˻ᣬҪⷢӣúõһֲУ
½ǫ˵㲻ҪͽԺ㻹ҪӰ쵽㣬֮ʲô£㶼װ֪𣿡
½ǫЩҪ嶯Էǻӣ㲻ֱӳȥˣֻع˵ѹǻӣܲϻλҪ
ǳǺͰ֪ǿһŮºӺɱˣô룿֧ʵ𣿡
˵еҲֻعҾһ١ǮDļ磬ȱҵˣȥׯôʲʺס
ûһС˻ˣ˵Ӳׯϣھء
ǮDͷ˵֪ˣװѾȥˣȴ˼ƽϣ½ǫģǻȥԲôӺܡ
ǰūѾˣûþͻһ
½ǫԭȥ£󲻵á
ߺܵǸӣزģһİĻУҪһ
߽˰ǸŮӱȥ·˿ڣιҩ
˰ĵܵҹܸܵŮ˫̥ͬƤͷ
ǿĺӣڴϻ˯ţֵܵܲӵĿߣ·һ̾Ҫ޳Ƶġ
߽˸Щ̼࣬ͷЩԼ۾С۾һסˡ
߰ˮǰϴϴϴɾ˲ܳԷ
½ǫо߷·׶԰ʦһᣬ֮ǰһֱ˵ԭΪ̫ϲСˣô
кӽŵĿߣҪ𣿽㱻Ǵˣһ𣿽û£ֻ̫ˣԲȥ͵Եģ˺ö˶ܳԱҲԱ
Ľûأ극Ҿʹȥòãº͵ĺ
кͷſ̻ʵĳԷ
½ǫȥҪô죿
½ǫ֮ǰ㲻ǵһ˺ôȥһ㵱Ѿߣһͯ
ǣǴӵĺôô˵Ҳǻ׹ݣôܸǼҵˡߵĵ˵
ˣʮǰûϣԺϣǰѺӸͻȥҲֻ˵ūƭ½ǫвκϣǴӣҲӺã
Ȼʲô๫ģ˵ҲǣǵĸǵɱĸˣӾȥˣҲܡ
ҴӲϲǣǲܲʣ͸˿϶ĥǵġ
һ߾;Щһ˸ѡȨǼԳɵȥ½ǫ˼ҵˣ϶ѡ뿪Գɵ
տӵʱǮDѾ͵͵ؾˡ
ֱӸ˲ȱ£ڼȴ֣ܰһϿһΪ´
ڹʵ谮ĹǿΪܣҲոǿӶµĺܡ
˳ǰлӸ鶼һ㣬Ϊӵĸǻʺ󣬵λҪһЩ
ϻһҰ֣ϾȻҰֹذмӣôʮַŭ
ǸԳʲôãǸо죬ֶʶʾȻ۰ˤ˸ӡ
һԵĹŮսս´Ǩŭǡ
ʱǰͨ˵ǮDˡ
ǮDݲһ㣬ȻûѪԵϵȴǻϵֳ
ϵǻǰǼ꣬ԼֵܽȫɱˣǮҵЩûѪԵϵֵܽȴķ⿤ķ⿤
ǮDŻϸĹϵá
ǮDìܣ˵ԶǻûǮDͶȥ
˵ǮD֮˭ûھȻˣѵ˵ǮDˣҪ̫ӣ
ӺܸˣǮDɵйǵõǮD֧֣ͿǸλøһ
Ӹ˵һ·ǮDЦĹȥк
ǮDȴɫܲʮǰǲȥҳׯϣǿҼҵһŮ
Ӷˣ£˭ǵʮǰʲô
壬˵ʲôأû뵽ǮDûͷûβĸ˵ôһ仰ŭ˵ѵŮǮDã
ûô£ǮḐ־͸ƣǻʺ̳ĺöӣһҽ̶ûУ㾡ȥϻʺǱ߸״Ҳǡ
˵תˣ˺һӲŻعΧĹŮ̫Ǻð춼ûӦô¡
Ӻʱܹίȥ׷ǮDߵ̫סˣϸүĹϵһ㣬ү˵ȥǱ߸״ҪװԳɾ;ڻϸǰװϺܳһףʹˣˣԼĺίҲϣԼĺ˵εİܵõ϶ĹעҲ˵
̫˴ˣӶΣĥһᣬԼƻɡ
ԼԼֲ˼£빬Ҫʡ
ϴʱķţҦĺӣǸСĺѾˣǰĿ㣬ûϺοԺ
־òܽϻί½ǫ֮һ·½ǫǮDǮDһͬȥׯӣʵķ衣
ĶӣûӺúദأǮDǸƵ½ǫˣ˵֮أôܲ
ʱй˵
鷳꣬˵ˣ˵ǮDģؿ
һ⻰£
Ͽӿ޿ӣ;ᷳǴӳʺÿοӵǿ˻ʺ󣬾ᷳ
ϲϲʺ󣬵ΪȨΪ˵õϳǵ֧֣Ȣʺ
֮ÿ춼ǰϷֵĺϲȴ˸ַɱ
Ҧԭﵽ˻ʺϣΪʺĴڣҦİŲĿ
Ͽ޿Ĵӣ޲ţʲô
ӰǮD˵ˣʮǰϣί
£úС޸״ûһϢˣǸŮ˭ôΪһŮ㣿
ӣǲǶģԩ˵ö״⻰ǲô
ǮDЩûѻϷϰˣǸŮ˭Ϊλ⣿
һϺǸŮ̶ȶӵ̶Ҫ࣬ǻϵ׶
Ҳ˵ׯϵһŮ˵
ׯӣ֪ǮD½ǫȥǸׯӣǮDܶһŮ飬ΪһŮͷѵǸŮݲһ㣿
ѵǸŮҦѣ֮ǰҦ;һЩݱ΢Ůѣ̻漼ܡ
һ뵽ҦеѱӸɱˣͻӿΪӣȻɱˣˣȥʮӣ
ӣʣʶԩ
ӻں޲ףͲ빬ʲǻӣǻʺĶӣôܱ۸
аԾλȥһҪǮDׯϷʲôܰװί
ǻӣӵĹȻ̫ˣ̧ȥˡ
ȥ˺һͨƢȥ췢ʲô
ûһͲ鵽ˣ˵ǮD½ǫһСȥׯӣׯڴӣԭǮD׷
½ǫǸСƫҪ֮£ͳ˵ľ¡
һ⻰½ǫǺˣ


75 
ɳ
ɳȥ½ǫ˺ܿͻ,ӣ½ǫԭɽũ˵ӣ񻹸ǮD, ϵĺ, ʲôĽ׻ö֪, о֮ǰŪֲϺܿ, еӼ顣
ʿصˣɫ˵ʲôͷͽܣǮDҪ⣬ʶ, еȥӼ, Ӽɲʲô˶ܽġ
Ӽѧ˼ϸ, ̼ܿƾ٣ǮܽӼ顣
Ĳ, ǹԱҵĺ, ÿԱֻ͵ӽȥѧĺҲûѧĻᡣ
½ǫһû¶ûֻôһİ취ͱȥӼˣ
Ӿͷ飬½ǫҲǸʵ˽Ӱɡ
ӱӵĵط, ǻ϶½ǫرע, ʱ½ǫ, ˵Ҫһٴ
ȸ, ȹһ󿴿˵ֻȰȥ
ͬҶֵĻԳɡ
֮ǰԳߵƽ֧У˵ڳſϢİ½ǫɱˣ¾˦Ǽŵ
˵ûɱɣǼŵֹ˶
ֶжСӶ֪Գɵ˼죬ûʲô˿ƽҸٶ֡
ƽȴ˼ˣļ˶֪ȥ
ƽϾҲǹԱҵĺӣ̾ͱˣùٸúõңԣðҰĲҡ
ôˣȴһ˭Ҳ֪ƽȥִɣ˭Ҳ֪ĸġ
ƽĸʹԳɣԳ˵ԼҲ
ʵԳģֹץسǵĻ֮ƽͲˣ϶˵ƽָʾǣƽ᲻ԼҲ¶
Գɺܽţһֹ߸˻ϣһҪɱˣ᲻½ǫһٷֵʲô
ڵĻѾ࣬沿ˣ۴ƶˣʱкܴĲ
Ҫûʱĳ࣬޷½ǫĳͻϵĳϵһȥ
ԳҲûǱ룬ûϼ½ǫֱϳĺӡ
½ǫǸ˵ϱضɣʱһ£ܲ鵽ࡣ
Գֹ뺦½ǫ²飬鵽ǼҵĻԣֹ᲻ϣ
ε˾ףȥ˵һԼ˶ɱˣ½ǫӡ
ԳסˣڶһҲ빬ˡ
֮ǰϲʲôöһݣ֪ѧֻԺζģȴû˵һ䲻ãǮҲὫһЩ͸ԳɣةŮ
˵Ҧ¾µһˣةСŮòò·ȻҦʱһЩҲ˳Ϊµһˡ
Ȣµһ˶ûлᣬȴԳɣɼԳɵϲ
ÿԳɼҲ꺮ů۾زסϲ͹ġ
ڻ֪ԼһӸŪˣǳŭɴʱǽҴǵʱֻԳһҶգԳɵʱ򻹺һЩԳɺ̲ס
ʺʹӵʱҪʮ
ǱֻǱ䵭ˣ
ԳɻǷ˶ߣҲûжĵĻ˼ҡ
ص֮ôͷôôͻˣǰҪڻʹŻϳз֮Żʱڹ޼죬ôôżľͻˣˣ
Գɲͷ˵һȥҷء
ô˵أ˻ӣҾͲˣȤ
⻰ȴԳɵӣһӣϾͲǻˡ
ߣʣ˵ʲôأС⻰Ҫñ˲á
ԼҲΧ˹ĸЩ˶ϳȥԼô¡
Գ˵˻Ͻ̬ȣԴ½ǫ֮󣬸ʶҽˣ츸ʼңҲһ䵭Ը˵ƵģҲûҳԷӵˡ
˵ŵԼĸһۣ㣬˵ʲôѰںˣɣ
ⲻΪãĸ庢ƵĺԳɣҵʱҲ˵ǻϵĺӣֺӹҪǵҲ˵ǻϵĺӣ㻹Ǹɽһӵũأлӣ޳ɽ亣ζĳԣ
İɣҪǻ֪ƭͷŭһץˣûץǣ˵û¡
԰Сţ˵ǳеǵûϲˣûϵҲȰ
ҲȰҪġ
˵½ǫ˾ˣôһһ˵𣿡չ˵Ҽˣһɱˣǻôϡ
֮ǰԹˣԳɼͷֹǣҪǱֹ֪Ҫɱ½ǫֹ᲻ϣʱһҳԲ˶ߡ
£ûټ½ǫ˵Ҳټˣ½ǫôãҲûȥһϣ˵Ҳ֪Լǻʱ䡣ĸɫ½ǫôʹ࣬Ҳ½ǫܡ

½ǫׯϹ죬ʱǸСŮˡ
СŮͿԼĵܵܣܵܿž״̬ܺãһᣬરવµ
Сӱһ˺þãܵŽı˵㣬ǲˣԺ󶼲ᰤˣҲ춼ԱˣǻµӣԺҾ͸½үͯٷ˵Ѿߡ
Ů⻰ΪԼΣ½ү˭
˵ˣžÿôһĻ
½ǫ˵Ҫȥˣ˵ӣûȥ½ǫ˵ͷ̫ɹˣƤۣɹˡ
ǸǰͬˣǰڼֵֻԼׯרŵūͣ½ǫ˵ȥѡأܿͻ
߾½ǫȥˣӡ
ӸһԼ񣬺ͬӣܾӣͷ·˾벻ûеԼһ㡣
ӿ̾Ҫ¸л
˻ûãúšýţõܵȥõˮȡ
ʵͦģȻܸмߣȴСʲô˵
߷·𿴵ǰԼǰԼû˾ȣӻᣬõδǽʲô֣
ˮæشҽдѾж
˭ȡ֣߾̫ˣһ뵽Ӵӳûĸףô˸֣ǱУҸְɡ
Сæͷϳ˿ϲҲҪˣ
ô˵˵ȻСӣոôصˣˣ㿪ġ
Ȼ½ңԺҲ½ɣ룬Խ˵½磬磬Ժˣٹǰڰˡ
ֿܵܣͽ½һůġ
һ죬һ⣬֡½ǫһͷϵĺ
ͷʵ̫ˣվһᣬͷ󺹡
߸Ͻˮôˣпõĵ𣿡
֮ǰǹʱ򣬿ׯһЩĵضˣʣ¾ʲôõĵطЩƺ
ߵĵضأ֣Ҹطˡ½ǫտĵط˰ˣϣ׵ҪԷŽ
ûдܲ˰æ֣ʱûʱʵ飬Լ۰ˣһ㣬һʵ顣
ˣߵķ羰ˣҽںӱͷŪտӣǿ⴮ԡ½ǫʱҲտҲ⴮߲˴ֻǵûкĶࡣ
ۣ߳Ըҿ˲ٵ򣬻мѼһҴȥֻǿ⴮ٿ㼦⴮ͼᣬʣµĿȡ
½ǫСèƵĿǣϺɣտԺٳԣأȳԵˮˮĲ˵
Сû뵽ǵķݣǴӳûгԹ⣬ڴĺܣֺܺ£ǣǲԡ
ӣǸɻ½ǫСڷϢôݵĺӣǸɻ
߳ȥҿϣһׯﾹȻбѣҸɳԡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


76 
Сɳ
ʲôǱɳȻû˵, ֻҪ๫ģ϶ǺóԵģֺǺǵĸ½ǫһȥȥߵıѡ
ѱȵؽѻҪڵĸһЩ, ı顣
ÿı鶼ỻµ, ҵĹ涨, ΪһʲôʱҾͻò, ߵūҲû궼ѾɵİµĽȥ
߻ͷһμ̣ϼǱ߶Ҳѩˮôʱһ㱡ı, Ǻܿͻڻ
̲סȥ뵽½ǫ˵ҪԱ, , Ҳûж֡
½ǫһūһЩгɱɳ
˸, Щˮڱɳ, ЩǺͷۣӦɳƽʱˮե֭ɳҲ½ǫ綯ľͲˣҡʽĿ
߶һɳԵĿģҲʲôбɳ, ๫˵, ֹסĵͷ,, ɳúóԣ˱ɳǲÿ춼ܳԱɳˣ
½ǫԵĿģǼⶼմһ飬ְ̧ΪСɿģҪ˰ѱɳ
½ǫںӱߴ˿ܣСеĿԡ
ʱ䶼ûôΪĳԷֻĥɷۿԡ
๫˵ĥ۵СдһЩཷ⽷ȵࡣ
Ҳܶ࣬Կųԡųԡϡ
½ǫָͷ˵߿ˮֱ½ǫûֲ½ǫϧҡͷûЩӣԺл֡
ϴϵͳСԺܻи
ȹ£Ǿܳˡ½ǫ˵׿ųҲܺóԣģˢһ㽴ųҲóԣǳۡ
۷ǰĿǳԱĿ˽๫˵ЩƷһ飡
½ǫóһЩ׷ۣ׷ʱûУʱǽĶͨϰպѳԵõûоЩԷ
˺ܽţϸ½ǫ˵ķˡ
϶ʱ½ǫ˰׷۷Ž㣬ۺܻΪⶫһǿڸȴȫһ
½ǫΣ
߳Եֳͣʱش½ǫ⡣
ȣֳ⣬߻ȣ˯ž·˯
๫ԱţôֻĬľȻ
½ǫͷȵܣ´ȥ˯µݸߣȥĽҵ˯£һס
ʲô۾½ǫݹ·򿪿˿һûӵ£ҲǳĶ̣⣬Ҫô
ôܴңûκܿõ½ǫıĺͶ̿㣬պʱ򴩵ıƿʽҲǶ̿ʽ
ôߣ·ܴԺ˻ᴩ·ء
һҲȡ߰·ŵһߣ·˵̫ˡ
һǶڴ˯ʲô
̫ˣ޷ܡ
㶼ȳʲôˣҲңʲôӦƤԣҽ˸ԣͷԸˬ½ǫ˵ŰѸոµСɸǿа˵·ˡ
߿Ͱ͵ܣ½ǫǿлױĶ̿㣬ѡᱡģ˯رþ
½ǫ˵Ѿ·ˣȻԼϵ·㿴ңǴһģ˯¡
߸оĶþϽ˱
ôͦģֻϵıŤ±˿ôҲ๫㴩
½ǫס֣ҪģҪЩҪסԼ
½ǫҲŷɣѵԼԼ
๫˵ĺܶԣµĲ½ǫӻЦô
๫ûЦһֱΪڽԼ
ô·ǰһֱûܳԣȵҲǳ³˯Լĥ๫ᵣģȷʵԼԼܡ
壬ûһ˯ˡ
½ǫСɸղŻ˵ҪУھ̯֫˯ĸèƵģģ˯ÿˡ
½ǫ̧ĶͷһѣߣܾˣҲһЩ⡣
ǵմԽʱݵһѲ°ͼģͷԣҲ֡
ЩˣɫҲˣԸҲ˲١
Сڲ֪гˣٹһͿˡ
ǰ½ǫߣͻСЩ黹߳ˣ԰Ǽճˡ

ڶ첻½ǫʹȥ췭ĵϲ֡
֮ˮȥ½ǫ½ǫ˵ҪԼ֣ҪæҲûǿ󣬶Ǹ½ǫʱʱĸιһˮ
Сѻ壬ǰÿ춼ԲȴܶٶٳˣܳͷתǸоԼһ㡣
ǳԽķʵڵģζҲƭ˵ġ
ĵþˣԺҪˡ

½ǫӲȥ֮󣬽ׯ˺úտʹ߻Сӻȥˡ
½⼸쿴ͦģȥſڿûл
½ȥſڵʱɿˣͦˣˣϣС˭ҵģ
½ǫ½ͣǿʹˣһѾߣһͯ
½ŽǼ찡ԼǸׯˣⶼרŵźˣУɡ
½½Ϊ½ӭǣЩн߸ǽͣ˵ĸ˺ܺãӲԺɻһЩĸϲǵġ
ޥЩڼҸ½ദһʱ䣬ҲѾϤ˲٣û˱ߵĿ־壬ĸСӰס
ȻСǽܣǷޣðֿס
½һסһ䣬½ޥסһ䡣
֮ǰׯϵʱ߽˸С˸ɾ·Ǹϴɾˡ
һμʱС͸СҪƵģڱɾˬСˡ
߾½ϵ˻ûкãٿʼɻ
СҲǸ֪жģ߾Ҫúñ
Ȼ廹ţȴɲţû°ժժˡˢˢʲôģ½̾ϸˡ
½ǫѧĥīԺҪѧϰд֣½ǫ׼Լ
ۿһ¾Ϳ쵽ˣҲҪȥӼˡ
ѧ֮ǰ½ǫҵԳɣΣ
Ȼھǣȴһ򵥵顣
ȣԳ־ͺͨȥܴһѸԳͬͬյˡ
ֻͨԼжȥѰҡ
磬˵ҪЩԳš
Գȥĵط޷Ƕķ¥¥Щط
Ǵ죬Ӧòȥ¥Ǿʣµطˡ
ȥһ˾ľ¥һ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


77 
ףϷŸոտʼ
ľ¥, һǮD¥էһΪ¥
ȷʵǾ¥СĶû, ȴǳ, ҪǰԤԼ
ԤԼֻǮ, ˭Ҳӡ
ÿ涨ֻԤԼʣµĶҪԹŶ, ˣҲŶӡ
ǮDݲͬû˸£Ҳû˸ݲӡ
ǰ˵ǮDӸ˴Ӽ, ֮ȥǱ߸״ϴ˶ʮӡ
֮һʺ, ʺȥһҲϽ, ʺԼĸװæǻʺͷû˸ҽΪ³ͷ
ھﴫķз, Ͼǻʼ, ö˿ʼ±Ĺ£ڳⱳܡ
˵ǴǮDҵһŮ˱ˣǮDȥҴˣҲΪ´˴ӡ
һ, Ҷ֪ǮD, ΪһŮȻҴ, Ҳ֤ǮDĵλȻӻߡ
Ӷ, ô۸
Ϊ£ϵҲˣ׶ӣ˴Ҳð
ǮDҾ¥֮⣬ʣҴһЩĶǰϵ꣬ȻǮDľ¥ܳ²ˣζҲһһĺãܻӭ
˺ԸȥҰϵ꣬ϵλǮDҵĸߣȥϵԷƸߡ
½ǫЩ£ǮD˰װƣ϶ȥֺųԷ
˵ԳɾȥǮDҵľ¥ҲŶӣԳɿ̫ˡ
½ǫҵλãȥһҡ
˵꣬˲Ǻܶ࣬ٽ磬пλá
ѡһ¥һԿſڵλãǰӵţԷ׷ܿſڡ
ûãȻԳɹԷ
Գɵǰ滹һʮˣЩ΢֣ʳȣɫࡣ
Գɸ󣬱Щͽᡣ
СǸ˽нة࣬Գɹиס
½ǫüͷѵǸ˺ĸ׵ˣ
ӸλԳɹиףͿԶ϶Ǹˡ
Գɺة¥û̸ȥ
̫ˣ֣ҪɱԳɣҲҸļƻĿߣò֤ݣҪʬ
⼸򵥣Գɲǹһˣмˣļ˵һɵľ
Ҫɱֻɱһңǳ鷳

Գͽĸة¥ǰûͽةࡣ
ةλߣǻӣȨϵةδɣҲȶԷ߳һͷ
ة̬Ⱦֻбأʽͬˣÿ춼ĵ»Ϸܡ
ϽةŮ޸ة۰СŮԼҳ£ة࿴ŮΣϣҲһѡ
ԽȲةԷһ»ǰ顣
ة̬ȲԳ˵ǰڵʱûбֳͬǲͬ⣬ֻģɵ˵˾䣬»ںҾͼʱˣҪóȻ˻ڣǲðɡ
ҵѾСˣף㲻Ϊ룬ҲΪŮɣҲ˳ɻˣϲˡԳĹةиס
ǰةռʱ򣬶磬ÿθ˵ة඼˵غϲ£졣
ȴ䵭ةиףةҲһӡ
ة˵СŮĻ²ŵɻͣϷٽ̫꣬糢˵Ŀࡣ
ףģһú۰Һҵļ˾ԲֵܰĿࡣԳɷġ
ةûжҡ˼Ϸǻ۸ֻ꣬Ͼ۰СŮ
ⳡ̸ֵòɢةһԳҲ¥ˡ
½ǫ׼ȥԳסƶһƻ
δ㱻˴סˡ
½ǫһΪԳɷˣϾԳݲͬˣ߸żҲпܵġ
˰ûж־òԾͷһۣףŵ˲ͷˡ
Գɣջ֣½ǫĶ棬һϵĲ裬費㻹ͦƷζֻȲ費ԷУԷոɡ
½ǫüСؽߵƲ˶һ飬ò˲
Ϊʲôֹң½ǫС뿪ˣſѯʡ
ڻǶֵʱЦĺºͣ˵ĻȴģϷŸոտʼˣǻʲôȤ
Ϸ½ǫ˼ܾ̬ͦģͺӰЩϲŪ˵ķɡ
ԣ׷²豭Ǳ߲õģһ˰бǣȥӼʱģӼ涨ɴ̴ӡ
ӼҲΣգ½ǫ̽ѯʡ
ǮDǸ׳ŭ˴ӣӲҶǮD֣ǶһССſûʲôǡ׿СϲˣС˵鷳ͬĲһݣ
Цеض½ǫ˵ӦûϲĲ˰ɡ
Ȼÿ仰Цţ½ǫȴо
˵˱ǣȴײǸΣա
Ҫôң׷·𿴳˵ϷŸոտʼҲκʱһʱ䡣
ǸٿϷ𣿡½ǫ
ǣҡͷֻһΧš
ҲԱΧˣ½ǫ
⻰ԭЦŵ۾£ԺԻ˵
½ǫ͸ֻ̬

½ǫź½͵͵˵˰С̯顣
²ܸ½ǫ˵ǿԸ˵ϾԺʣڼңȥ߿϶֪
ֱӸߣ߸ڻܡ
˵ĸҪԼҲܰæЩģѾģͷ߻һҶоôÿҲǹ̶ģҲûܾͣǡ
Ҳ½ǫ˵飬½ǫ˵׼ȰЩ׬ǮĵǮD׬ǮˣƾˣԼɣԺ뵽µĵӶԼãǮDͱͨĺϵ
½ǫδʱܻ߽ȻʱκģҲѧһЩǳԵĴʺһЩ
ǵĶĴһЩٱһЩ½ܱĺá
һҲأǽıǻͣһ££ǵǮܿסҲҪǮü𣿡ĵĻǼҵ꿴⣬Ҳ硣
ﲻ£ǰ£͸̣峤еڵھͺˣ˭Ҳȥ١
һǼҵʹУĸƢ˸Ṇ̀ٱ˹٣ĸץȥô죿
ƽȥУѲߣǼҵ겻٣ɱ쿴Ǵܣĸץô죿
ĸץߣҲ»Ӱ๫Ժ;Ҫʼסĸ
̯λˣʲô½ʡ
ǿ㣬ԣģߵһ뵽ľׯϳԵ׷ۡ
оòУ̫ˣɱ۸͵øߣȥҲ
ʱǻǮ뵽ƤѾʼˣˬĶԣ϶кܶϲƤɣ
Ǹʲô½ûܺóô
óԣ๫ˣҼڸһݳܽ˳
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


78 
̯
½, һ˳˺ܶ棬۵Ĳˡ
Ȼ˾֮Ƕٶٶܳ׷Ͱ棬½˿, ڴʱԵĶ, ô, ͦ۵ġ
ô࣬ҪٱǮ, ȥҲûɡ½Աߵǡ
Щöġ߼޽½֮ҲûˣǰڼҵʱϱȥԳǼңʼҲŷǳ
½һԿ, ޥ½Ҫæ½û˽
Ƥĺó, Ҳһ, ôñ˿ء
ޥ½˶ദʱ䶼, һĿɾͲðˡ
½ȷ߻᲻, ߽֮½һֱ߿̫ˣܸɵ˻ˣʹδ
γҲǰæղǴ֣ûмء
һĲãЦô죿
Ͼӵķ, ǰӡ
ǿ߰, һͷĲ, Ҫ档
½𷽲˵Ƥ, ½ȻûƤ֮ǰɶƤ
ƤӦҲһһŵģѵҪߦ
½Ūһ֮Ҫ棬͸ȷԼ뷨ˡ
˭֪߾Ͱŵͣؼˮ꣬ڻˮţһס
һӣ潬룬ˮţһֱൽ˭಻ʲô֮ͣ¡
½ȵʣЩˮҪֻҪһСţֻҪЩˮͲҪˣ
ȻǶҪˣߵ๫ʱӦҲ࣬ѧ๫ĵĸ½ͣҪã֮ŵƤųԣЩ潬Ҫԡ
߼ҲûƵƤõĳߣֻʱ棬ĸУ̯ȥҹרһƽƽĳרƤá
潬ӷڹˮϣٷϹѹţ๫˵Ҫô𡣡˵תҪղʱ½ǫˡ
½ǫŰ̽ȥ뿴ʲôóԵģȴ˵ϴžţʲôƵġ
½ǫֿϵ潬ҪƤŶ֪ˣǲһϲ
½ǫ½ʲôŪϲ
ҲҵգҲûʲôرӣǲףҿѧ½ǫЦŽҪղˣߣ潬Ǹոϴģûгһʱ䣿
ŴͣǲƵģˣ
߼ǵһ๫Ƥͷϴ棬֮潬һϵڶſʼġ
汿¶ǲס߾˵
½ǫӳ˱סοûϵһ϶ġ
½ǫԽǰϿƵѧƤķֻá
ԲһγɹкöʧεģⶫҪǼ򵥵˶һγɹЩƤͿԹˡ
Ǿһ磬ٳԣҸǴ˻ˣľ¥Ĳˡ½ǫǳȥȥţѴĲ˴ʳó
ûϴУֻʳװһҪȥʳкӣ鷳ĺܡ
½ôһӲˣͲˣһǮȥ£ԭǳȥԷˡ
·ֹˣȥԵķ½ǫʵ˵
½ǫ½˵ҲﵱĹˣ룬ôȨƵ˶ĹˣΪεƫƧСɽ
½ǫڻ·Ҳĥ¡
ʵ֮ǰĲ²ǸһϵļǻϣֻǻĿǰһЩĸױʼ衣
ռԳɹةиףҲةĸױʼˡ
ة࣬ûа취ĸ׾ȳ
ĸ׵ıʼᵽ߹һΣǱǸҵץ˻ȥ
ǻϵʦةĵλٸߣҲ߲ʵ۰ɣȫæ
ұʼﻹᵽĸʶϣмĸ׵˶ô⣿
ô룬Ŀ궼ָ˻ϣԳȴةиףͱøˡ
ǸþµˣةةൽжȨ˶ҶԿ
½ǫڻͷʱҲ̫ˣκεĵ顣
׶˵Ҫ֮ǰֻҪԼԼ㹻ǿͿˡ
߼½ǫԣһĳΪڷѧ飬½ǫ˵˵ӼѧӲǻ׹ݾǹԱӵܣЩ˸߸ϣ϶Ʋˡ
㲻õģ๫ô㣬ĵӣΪ㣬Ҳῴģ๫̫˼
๫ȻģҲǵǵҲڵʱ䣬㡣½ǫߵ˵
һ뵽Ժÿ²ܼ๫һΣҪôȥ̾˿Ҳ๫ġ
ÿ춼Ҫε½ϰˡ
½ǫԱָƤ½ջԴӰҵ˾֮˷ӣˣһھҲκμˣǾΥһһֹһˡ
ʱʱĴһҵĻЦվޥĽ
Щ½½ûаˣǸ졣
ĹУޥ֪½ҲǸѸˣڴ԰Ѻ󣬺ӳϢˣͰᵽ˾
ޥ룬ͬǹѸͬǴģһȴסôԺӣ˷̣ȴǸ˵ˡ
ҹ˾ʱǿޣԼȥɷ򣬻ȥĺӡ
ǸûҲˣ˳ϢҲܸһ˵ˡ
ޥӵһԼĺӣ֪ԼⱲӶлˡ
½½ӵǶԴԼĺһ
½ǫ˵ҪˣǼ·ޥӹ˵Сӵģ·½ǫֳɵġ

֮ǰЩ潬öƤ
½ǫͷ˵Ĳնܳȥ̯ˡ
߻½ǫǰ̯ĻҪôȽϺã
½ǫ룺һžһɱߣЩҲǳĶһɱĵӡ
۱ȽϹ滹˲Ƿŵ¥ǮDȥһһ룬Լ̯ʮǮһͿˡ
ʮġ룬˳ԸӶʮģʮĶ˵Ӧ㲻ʲôɣҹ۲ӵһᶼȥüʮÿƤҲ׬Ǯ
½һԿ߲Ҫ˵©죬˵ʲô̯߸ģƽʱ񶼲ã˸Ѿߣô˵ϰ̯ˡ
С⣬ҵȻ֧ˣС̯ҾӦÿҵ꣬Щ˻ƹľͺˣҲ۲½ǫ˵
֣߰ûʲô飬⣬ȴС̯ȽϺãܶһԼ
ûǮҲֻôһ㣬׬ǮٰҲ١
С̯̫ˣҲͬ⡣½һ̽½ǫ̬ȣڼҶҪźôܳȥô۵Ļ
½ǫȻϵˣҾ߿ԳȥñլÿԵ˵һ͹ҲڼҵʱǻΣգ˶һЩСҹǼҡ
½װ˼ôۣҪȥҲҸһ𣬲ȻҾͲͬ⡣
½ǫͷȥȻԸһ𣬲Ҳ̫ˣź½һȥæɡ
½ΪѵĵͷðɣǾԣһûгƤòóԣó˵ɡ
½ǫ֤Ժóԡ
ʱͻȻſڱĽʣʲôóԵģ
Сԣ»á
֮ǰ½ǫϳ½ܵܣҲǼˣĹֱͨӽͺˡ
ڼҴģܹ½ǫڳ˵ʲôóԵģͺܹ
֮Ϳ߸һƤƤƵģ͸ָɫ
һ;Σɩӣʲôö
ôȳȥһԷʱ¸˵½ǫҵĳ˶ԵӵˣֻȰóȥ
վſ磬ʲô°ھ͸Ұɣ⼱ӿ̲ס
ȥӼϿΣһͬȥ½ǫ˵
ģĸ˵رĵϸߣ֮ǰ㲻˵ȥô˵Ǹ½
ΪǼ£Ļ˺ü죬֮ǰ˵½ǫ
˾֮½ǫ˵ﲻ󣬾ؼסڼĵҪ統ھӪȤ
ӪȻãÿ䣬ǾǣҲ̫ٶȣȻײˡ
ﶼǸɻѾɶģû취䣬ѧ˻˵λо׻ˡ
½ǫ˵ҪһȥӼ࣬ȻûȥӼ࣬ǾΪûȥžʣܸŴһǲ˼ء
½ǫôˣ̲סˮǱߺĵģ˶ڶ飬û档ȥ˹Ӽ࣬㻹ڼʱڡ
ûϵν˵ǰҵҽǰ£˵ȥ̵ʱ򣬱һĵطҲˣÿԲ±˷Ҳ߶ô²Ŵһʤ̻ˡҵĿǳΪˣҵԲô࣬Ҷ¡
ãȥԣû˼´οѡҡ½ǫСúöӦüֲˣҲ˵׼
ҲСƽʱģء
ĸһԵƤ
߰ЩƤȫгһһ衣
Ƥ˻ƹϡл֥齴ȵȵĵϣ߰Լ˺ö͡
ϲԣС룬½ƽʱôѿ佱Ļ˵ڵҲĵĿ佱һ¡
ĸǳԸͣóԺóԣǰûԹ춼ܳԵ
ҪȻ㲻ȥӼˣɩȥ̯ɣɩ׼̯Ƥ½ǫʱ˵ӼౣʵԼͦĵģûģҲη塣
ǵߺ½֪˵ڰбǣܱܲȫ
ɩҪ̯ҡľˣвУһǴģ׽ҵǱ磬ȥˣ񲻾ʧô
˵ֳһƤкüѧ⼸Ƥɩӣ
Ҫɩ½ǫĵķǳкӣ̫İǼ߸ۻˡ
ⲻƷôɩԺҪ̯һôУЦ˵Сңɾɩӵ⣬ɩӲлңⶼӦġ
ƶ졣½ǫÿͷ
۲ۣҪȻŰһ½ǫʡ
ͳɡ½ûޥıԣôܰЩմ˼ңǱϵû˵ЩɶҲʱɻˣ۵ģµɻˡ
½ǫûЩֻ½вסûط飬ⶫҲģûһҶ
գ½ǫ˼ʱƳһƤĹµԼҴ档
ĸףʳ·żһϱʳӵõǵİ͸һƤط
Ȼ½ǫûл֮ǰ˹ΪƹȫֲƤΪԼ⣬Ȼȱ¶ȥ
½ǫ֮øǮD顣ǮD˵Ƿ⣬޹ء
ǮD½ǫûˣܹȥϴ֣ȷֺܸɾ֮ŸҰѻ˹
εĹһ׵Ĺ£һεĴˬľ鲻ͬ
ΨƤȻǺڰδɫģҲܸоǾӨ͸ġ
аôƤͳƤĹ̻ˣǳԹɽ亣ζǮDҲ̲ס̿ˮ
ֶ𣿡ǮDͷдϱ̯λĵַдôϸھҪȥԳԡ
ǮD˵ϸ˿ǻ⻭еôôֻٻĸһЩ۾Ķаôˡ
½ǫôһĿţȻ˲һ
ǮDͷȻ۾ĿЩҲǺÿģôҪˣ
ڸС̯λһ¡½ǫǮD˵¾͵һС⣬һ¾鲻ܾӡˢãǼҵ̯λ쿪ˡ
ƤҲԳԣ˲̫ԸС̯λϴƤ
֮׼߸̣ʱһϵеķ֮ǰ˰ɣһﻭľ顣½ǫ˺滭ʲôˡ
ǮDӦÿˣ׼¾ͳհľˡ
̫ˡǮD˵غϲ£죬Щ½ǫҲرãö˶屾ʮȥȥ˼ͣѾ׬˲Ǯ˱ˣ¸¸ǮǮȥͱ߿С̯ˣ̼ҵ棬һЩҲۡ
˵ҪȥɣŶ档½ǫ֮ǰҲԺҪ⣬Ҫ٣Ȼæ߰æѧ⡣
߸ѧʫЩӰʫҪѩͲЩǮͭۡ
һ˰æԼ⣬ȥ԰ɣû׼ԺǼҲܳΪһĴϰء
ܿ͵ѧӣһ˶ȥ½ǫ
ҪסУ½߶Բסã˺öණ
½˺ӣһЩ
߸װʮ·һ컻һ׶ˡ
׼˸ֵģ˵ʱԡ
һ˰͵ſڣ治ü˽ˣֻſڿһֱӰ˲Żȥ
ĺ½½ǫһͬȥ֮ר˴½ǫȥᡣ
һ·Ҳ˲ѧڿϢʱ䣬˻١
ǵſڵʱ򣬸ſΧһˣмǸһ飬½ǫϴλ
½ǫǵڳſڼ˵˲ˡ
Ҳϳ½ǫ̽ʲôУСİҵƻˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


79 

ô˵ģĲȥ, ½ǫסˡ
ˣ˲ƽϣҰԸллˡ½ǫԼᣬǻкöණҪʰ, ҪʽʼϿˡ
˵˭ҰأǸ˲, 嵽½ǫſ,ѻ˵ˡ
ҲΧпֵ, ҲҪסµġ
½ǫͷʲô֣
ҽйԣšԣڳ٣ǻʺıףԵʦʱǱʮİգ˭֪Ȼ֮, ӣʺӶ
Թ, һûܰʦɹ, ǻϵʦʦɹҲ˳Ц, ҲͰ·ͷ, żóһ룬Թһ
ˣһλǸʦ֮Σ˵һũһô
Ķʻȼ, ½ǫͲ, ̲סǺ, û뵽½ǫȻһ졣
øղ½ǫһԭΪ½ǫ֪˭, ½ǫ֣϶ͻһͽˡû׼ŵùڵء
˭֪½ǫɣղǲ˵˭Ұô
ԣŵͷԣôˣҾ˭ҲʶģӦ˵ҰñүˣҲܷŹһΡ
½ǫھͻش㣬˵ԣҰ
ԣţ˵ʲô
½ǫֻ֣Ϊ˸õػش⣬үش𣿡
Χֵ̲סЦԣŵˣмݵ΢˸ϽͣɫҰס
㲻ʶôԣŽ½ǫѾŸˣʹ˼ţȰ˲Ű
ûô׾ˣҪ½ǫڹӼȥ

ô˵ڹӼߴϢ̲סЦ½ǫȻһҲ޷ڡ
Цݣɫǲ̫ˣһһôã޵Ĳԡ
İԣʻǷҪԣš
ҡͷֹʱã޵ҪҪôӦԣҲһֿɡ
ǰӵʱĸʾ;ӣ˸֮ûпĸӡ
ûпǣЩӶĺܣЩӵˣԼĻλЩ˵ͷƵķǡ
ǻϿ½ǫ֮󣬸оͲһˣоֻ½ǫ׶ӣĶǱ˶ӡ

½½ǫһѷãҲæ˲ء
ⱲӾûɹ£磬Ҷ̫ˡĵϰߣԼʲôһҪŵ˵õ佱С
½Ա͵Ц½ǫڿۣС
ǵܵܣСܡֵܣһֵܡ½ǫ
½ǫ룬ĸûгȥû׼һôúöĵܵҲ˵
ʩܼ򵥣˴һܣҪԼá
ʰ˷֮ȥط˹䣬ӼطСһԺ÷԰ѩԺԺ
÷ԺãԺ֮ĩѩԺ
Ҳǹ̶ģǰÿȵĿѧֵġ
Ѿöˣһֱ÷Ժѧã÷ԺѧҲǻ׹ݣݵλͬʦҲͬȻɼҲá
÷ԺǮʩҲãͱԺֹ
ԺĺѩԺĶһЩԱӵܣʵ£ѹһͷ´ѹһͷʦҲ࣬Ҳࡣ
˵½ǫӼѧδֵĸԺȥӼһ͸ֵԺ
һǾȻǸׯںǻϷܵøϵӣټ½ǫĵӣҲøӲǡ
ЩڹӼϢԴ½ǫһھӣסϹġ
ϹǻҵĵӣͲҲʮӣӰһЩҲ͸յһװ׾һСģ
½ǫ˵ȥιһ¹Ӽ࣬ƽʱϿΣԷ½ǫһ
½ǫ˵ԺϿλ߳Էʱǿһȥ
˵ֿ½ǫŵ½ģλͯͯôֻһôСһܸƵģһôߣͦʵġ
ȫͯ½ǫܣ½ҵСͯһҵıڡ
ڣϹ첻Ŀ
Ǳҵˡ½ǫ˵
Ŷڣ͸ھֵһǲǣǲϹתͷģǴھôͦʵģھֻûıڣҲҪһ
ûˡָָԼһݡҲھģʵĵܵܡ
ŶԭǵܵܰõܵڣǲЩ׵ѵλӣϹҲֲĵãЩĵõλֻܵͣ˵λһЩ
Ҳû½ǫĵܴܵʹʲôԡ
ʲôӺӵģҵܵܡ½ǫͣﲻңõܹܵӦһ¡
ϹĽ˵ãڹӼǱ۸˻űˣҼˣͲǻ׹ô͵챻˵ѡ
½ǫԹµƽʱӦûٱԣ۸ߵĽ¹ԣ鷳
Ҹоղرس㣬ԺҾ͸ˡϹ˵
㵹Ǹֱӡ½ǫ۵
һԵ˵뵱ҴСܣݲģܸɶղա
д°ҳɼ԰֮ǰıʼǽ糭Ϲеǲǵһ棬ʶ˺þһ
½ǫȥˣزģиСҲͦõġ
ߵʳõķҲܺóԣȫҪǮ
½ǫԵʱ룬Ͽε˼ȨƻǮѵѧϣѵķʳԣЩҵѧӣϿεǮķֽǮҲͲÿճ˶ϰֻҪũʵ̫ˡ
ʮڵĿƾٿԳǰ󲿷ֶǺӵܡ
Щӵ˹٣ˣҲ֮ǰЩԹһ㣬ֻѱȨƵ˼ңȴЩӵˡ
ΨŵڲԱȥ˺ܶСطЩѧڿΡ
֮ǰϵʱƽʱ˽֮⣬ȥҵʱȥԱߵѧýΣҲȥӽΣÿȥζǰ֪ͨ˵ΧѧҲȥΡ
˭ĿζǲǮġ
ҲΪˣŻᱻµĶ˾ɡ
ڹӼסĵһҹЩϰߣⴲҲСˣҲģĺܣɾǴ̫ˣ˸Сɣϰˡ
ͬģڼĴţҲǳ˼½ǫ
½ǫͷԼĻУ뵽ʱڴһ½ǫȥ飬Ƿֿ˺óһʱ䡣
Ƕʱÿն½ǫڻũҪмѼҪɢע
ũûˣѼҲûˣֻСӼįˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


80 
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ڵڶ߾Ҫ½̯, һֵľָҪ̯ϡ
Щӽš
ǰڴڼʱ½һҲȥ鶹òæ
Ǹ½ǫһȥ, ǸǮǸ
γȥ̯, û½ǫ, ֻĸĸǿ, ĸȥõ̫࣬ǰֻǮС
֮ǰӦ๫˵ҪԼֻǮ, 鶼ĸôԼ
ȥһ϶ûô˯, ڶһ綥Ȧġ
ԭȥЩ׽Ƥ, ֮ĸѾˡ
ô˯һ᣿½,ȥϢϢ, ͿŪˣˡ
ôô磿߲˼ˣ·ֻص˸ճǻᣬȴ½ϳ˳
½ɻ, оԼǸûʲôõƵġ
ǰɻϰ, ᵽ֮, ʲôҲ, ÿˣˣҾ͸оѹͷҪɢƵģû½¯һѲ𣬡ҲŸоԼĻƵġ
߸оĸ뾩·ϰ뾩֮󶼺ܹµǰڴʱ򣬼ģöӰĶĸ˵ĸȻǼܲס鰡
ʱĸӦǿĵģǵ·ϣ͵˾֮ĸһ˳ԷǺŽǮDķ֣û˵˵϶ĵĺܰɡ
ľû¿ױȥСԼˣĸ˵һ¡
֮ǰ߻űĸ۵ԼɵڿĸɻɵôģҪǰѻȥ½ܷǲء
ӳ׼˵¡
ǰ̯ҪԼΰʹȥ๫˳ȥЩΡ
һҵר͹ݾ¥ҪõκͲ;ߣһֵҲжֵġ
Ӻ׵ĳΣЩǶֵģµġ
֮⻹һͰҪõ궼Žȥ˵ϺƤҲܷŵ£ЩŽͰϲڹ⣬·Ҳҳ
Щһ飬ųһȫŵ¿棬½ĶҲ׼ˣǾͳˡ
ǵһ쿪̯Ѿ˵һ޷ŵ׼ˡ
ƤóǺóԣûгԹˣĸڳ
ǼҵƤ󶨼ʮһ룬Ҫ߻ʮǮһδĶ϶ԥþá
ǿкö˶򣬲ҲкöǮ£ſʮǮ
๫ȥѧ֮ǰ˵ǧҪۣ˼Ժˡ
ʮĺܱˣԺ˻кܶ࣬ൽÿ۵ۡ
๫ҲΪⷢ
룬Ҫһʵûʲô˵ĻҪҪź½װˣݳƤһ¿ˡ
˭֪Ǽų˼ſڣͿ˺öˣͣڼſڵ
˵˺ٻ󲿷ֶ¿⳵һЩЩ˿Ŷܻ
߲ʲôֲǹڵģôôˣ
̲סԹһ䣬һλ·˴ˣ˵˾䣬˵ЩǮүʲôƤʲôû˵СĶҲЩ˵Ŀζɣ²߹˵طɡ
Ƥһ̾;ˣԭҶǼҵƤˣ۾Ŀĸ˵ǿȥɣ϶ȫ⣡
½һ½Ƥǲˡ
ǺòײżԼ̯λǰ̯λǰߵһۿľǮD
Ǯ壬ô߿ˣŸжʧˡ
ǮDߵС˰ǰ̯λںãҿǫĻһֱƤʾһΣҲûи͹ҵųԣֻܹˡ
߲˼˵ȥҲû˵ҪǸ˵ˣ͸Ǯ͹ȥһˡЩ˶𣿡
Щ˲ƽ޹ʵĵƤǮDǰ˴æˡ
ö๫ȻӡˢҰ˸ϯôιָ壬һ볡ȯ㶼֪ж˹һû׬˲Ǯⲻǿָ֮󣬶ˡ
ллǮˣһԡ߷ǳһǮD
ⶫĿ죬õƤгŽټ˺͵ϾͿˣԼ˳ԡ
ǮDŵζøһЩ˲࣬ǸһЩ֥齴ζϻͣտζӡ
Ŷӵ˿ǮDѾˣĽĲˡ
ĸϻһ͸ÿҷǵóζɡһүʼۣƽʱʲôʼԡ
ǻ֮󣬶ԻŲɣþģϱеӣǵҲָģͨС̷һҪء
˵˼صߣʶǮһ룿
ߣʮ
ţһⱨ۸񣬽һ¡
û˵꣬ͿǸ˵ɴ˫ۣ˵˾ʲôŵö˵ˡ
Ȼʮһ̫
ҪҪ۵ʱ򣬾Ǹ˵ʮһ룬ǲ̫ˣ
ŶӵЩҲžȣһ붼õˣɹӵĺⰡ
Աߵ̯ͳͨʮһļ۸񣬶ŵú˼ȻЩ˵̫ˣľȻ֮Ĳô
ʮʮģңҽʮ룬ͷˣԳʮˣŵ˵һһ롣
һһ֣ҵһܺ棬ȻźÿҲֻͨͨһЩ˺͵裬ζܾͨ˵ζ
λòǿһʮˡ
ЩүҲС̯ϳԣǽ˴ʳк룬ȥԡ
ǿذһƤ֮ҪҪʱסˣʲôᵽҲӴĶûоζ
װСȥŰտζһЩߺѣһγԿٳһЩԶͻʹ
ۣǾҪһЩЩ˵СľҪһЩҲһ㶼ҪģϲģҪĶһЩ
Щʳȥٳԣ˵ʱ˾Ͳóˣ
ζʵ㣬һ·Ϲ̲ס볢һڡ
ǼүƲס˽ͣ·ߣʳƷ
ƤкִδƷĿڸоͽޣƤˬĻƹϣǸʲôһһڵĸͣ治ӴڵģζȻһջ
֮ĺһʱ䣬ſڶһֵ󣬼ſͣ˺öЩǻϼҴڵƤ
½ǫ죬ߺ½ҲϢˣ£Ƕˡ
½ǫһƣ۵Ĺȥô׬˲ٰɣ
̾˿ҸоҾǸƤĻ๫Ļ̫ˣÿ첻һ룬һϻ룬ҺԼ½綼Ҫˡ


81 
Сںþöû
Ǽ,½ǫ۰ݣ첲򣬡źҼߡ
֣˼˵ҹűԹԼж, ๫ȥҲǳ, òϢһ, ϽЪᣬæˡ
½ǫϽ,ڹӼ¶ʲôûΪĳ㣬۸ɣ
½ǫߣһϲǵøճǻᣬһ仰Ҹ˵, ȴˡ
ڵĸоദ, ҪһֱƷչȥ, ᰮ黹δʼʹɺ˰ɣ
뷨½ǫΣ, ߱, Լͷ
Ȼ߳˲٣Ǹӣᣬ
òϢһ죬ǲҪʱ䶼ŵѧϰ, ǲǸȣ½ǫս, ñǼĥıǼ⡣
߱ӵ, µҪ, ȴ½ǫǿ͵ҰްסһֻСƵġ
ֻҰȴû¶צӺǽСѹצ£Ĳš
Ƥ̣졭
Ͼˡ½ǫѡ
Ӽ˵ǰֻһգʵգǰһͬѧǾʰؼˣڶ緵УſʼϿΡһʱ䡣
½ǫʱˣҲ̯ˣڼ½ǫҲ˳ԼϢϢ
½ǫȥ˴ϣѴʸˡ
½ǫߣ˵ں˰ɡ
ȻΪġڡˣЧͦã߷
ֺģĸˣǮDҲˣ׶ˣ˵ҪǼҳƤ
ֵģȴڴ͵͵ĽǡԷ
ЩҲ⣬Сںþöûˣ϶˵Ļֻ˵Ļء
ҲûҶʱ˸Ͻܳȥȥˡ
˶࣬ҪҲ࣬ʱ߾ͳһ潬á
ļûгԹƤˣĺܣղԺĵʱǮDûǮD˵ƤɺóˣôԶԲᣬĸĲУˣҲܹ֡
һע⵽ߵͣɩӣǲ͵ˣô
˵⻰߲֮ͺˣ˸͸
ȥȥȥСӶʲôҡ½ǫĸϳ˵ϲԷ
ˣҴˣɶҲ˵ˣ
߲˲Լͣûһֲ˲Լͣҳȥˡ
½ǫüײһļ򣬡ˣһˣİɣ
ˮ۾һۣ㡣
»ذ첻ˣ½ǫյ˵˯ʱס
üײɣ
½ǫСôۣ۵ĽƤٺóԣЩÿ춼ԣҲгһ죬ǻǿӰɣЩæɻٶ뼸ˣƹġ
Ű£ˣĸÿ첻֪ж࿪أҪùˡʵʵ˵ûй½ɻ˼
룬ҪȻƤķǮ壬ŵǵǷֳɣЩǮ˾ȥĵԣľȥǼҵС̯ӳԶ½ǫѯߵ
Ҳԡֹ߲һ˵ǼҵƤЩԹǣÿζ̫ļ
Ҽĺö˶Ǽҵ̯ӶÿôôǼҵƤЩֻƤģ̯ӵĶ򣬰·ˣ⡣
³ȥе˶ԹǣǼҸƻ
ȵ˶죬˵ʲôÿ꣬ߵĶϼҵĲһްĴ£ѩأֶ̯öˣ½ǫ߲ͬ⣬Ľͱ׶ˣƤҲȣҳȵθڲãԸԵģǶ죬˭ԵڵģĶϱûһƤ͵öɱӡ
Ҳأߴյ½ǫ˵һֱڴǮĸҹǮЩÿ춼׬һӣһ첻ţȥɱһҲҪжʮĸ¾׬ʮ
˵Щʱ۾ģȻʮǼ˵㲻ʲôˣǮDÿ¸½ǫķֳɶǧˣʮԼ׬ģ岻ͬ
߻½ǫ˵ҴˣһСһЩŵһʮӣҿȸǮʱ๫˵̣϶׬Ǯ
ôңһǮɲҪޱӡ½ǫôģЩܲʺ˵Ŀζ
๫˵Ķ϶׬ܶǮ߳ݵĿ½ǫ
ͷͷһᣬ϶۵Цݡ
ʱܿ͹ȥˣ½ǫҪȥϿˡ
Ͽ֮ǰ½ǫңмΧһ˵ʲô
û⣬Լλȥˡ
ĲԸϿΣ÷ֻ½һš
½ʼ˵ףҲֽīǾµĶҵ࣬Ҳࡣ
ǰһֱͷﶼҿ
ڣҲȥ۲ߵˣżܸӼҵͯļˡ
ι½ǫԣתͷһ½ǫҸһʫҷɲǻʫô϶ҲҶòá
½ǫôͷдԼĶ
ԣŭǽȴûбֳŭӰԼʫˣôòã
˶ʫĺã½ǫȴûж·¸ûйϵһ
ԣƽʱͦ˵ôưˣ㲻ǲʫԲҴǻɣ
˵⻰һЦһʫôãһ˾ȻԼҷɶ磬˵ȥû
Ҽҷɱôˣ㼵ʰҲûãôҲҲҼôõķɡ½ǫ˿ʫãͦˣԼ˿佱Ҫ
ԣűΪǸ⻰Ͼ˶Լģ˵Լӣһ
½ǫȴܸˣܵһ
ԣ½ǫʫУ⼤ŭ½ǫȻ½ǫԼʫôҿĵҲˣȲ
ļŭ½ǫûôǸа½ǫ㲻᲻Ҹұ԰ɣ
ΪʲôҪԣ½ǫдһ̧֣ͷ­Կ𣿡
ԣһ㶣ʲô
㣬Կʫ𣿡½ǫҳһ㣬ָԣţԶѧʲô
ģԼѵֶŮ翴ֶŮͯ»ֶŮֶŮҲôֶŮÿζֶܰŮ
½ǫҲ֪ͦô˵ñ͹⻰ԣš
Ȼԣű˸ʱˣҲֻա
Сºܿͱ˻ϵĶ
֮Ц⺢ӣ˵ĹҲ˵ðǲǸÿǿǣʫӽƾٿԵ
л˵
½ǫ˵лл㣩
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


82 
óԣ
ֻڿ˸Ц, ˵ЦЦ¾ôȥˡ
˵һ£˵ķɺĸھС̯Ƥ
˵ȷд¡
˵ţѾһݻˡ
˵·ԶѵϷֿװ, Եʱٰ赽һ
Ͽһ, Ƥ͸, ܺÿ˾ͺͨ, ζҲ࣬ǸһЩһЩ
Թɽ亣ζĻϲƤжóԡ
ųһڣһ˿
ó, ˬڣлһ˿˿ζ
ζԹ, ֮ǰҦֹ, ԹһΣǴ͵سһ, ᡣ
һҦһʱ, ҦҦҲ
˳ȥˣ˶ϲĿ˳ʱӽҦ, 
ĺøжҲ½, ٴγζ, ȴѾ˷, õĻҲزȥ
ʱڣҲ겻ΪȨƣȢЩŮ˸öá
ʼϻλҲǿЩŮ˵ļȨƣǿԼ׷Щˡ
ǻ֮ҦʺҦߣ
ǮDŽҲģЩҲѡ
ΪһʧȥİŮ˺͵Ĵ󳼡
ʱڣǿЩŮ˵ʱӷ꣬תΪԹޡ
ԭԼĴΪԼһЩЩתƵ˺ЩŮϣΪǵĴ
жΣתƴܺһЩ
ǽԵ뵽Ҧֿʼˡ
ƫƫʱ׻ᵽԳһҡ
˵﷢һ¡
ԳɵĽʹ֮һìܡ
ǰЩ굽˼˵ͣĸ׾ǵǸҦĹŭŮһֻ֡
֮ͺˣյǻãӦһ̲Ŷԡ
˼ҵָ֣λ֣Ů˳˻ʹҸҦ˽ա
ʹļ˾ǰһ߰ˣȻˣȴ˻ʹһֻϵ˼ûУܸˡ
Ҧ˽գȴҦûίֻ޷Ŷѡ
ҦȴõŮ˶òĶǾİ
Ҧֹ꣬ȨѾٿκ˵ɫͰѻʹĥļննķ䡣
ʹһŮǴһֱ˳ۡ
ϾŮһֻǴڹĻһŮ˳޵ͣϾˡ
һ޸һһ̼֣Ȼֵ̼λѾǰ߳ˡ
ҲֻǮDǼҵĵλߣֻ̼ǱǰһЩһЩƣλǺܵ͵ġ
ٵ˼ҶԸŮ޸˼ңҪ˵һˡλȫµЦ
˵¸йϵǰԳɵĽΣһ׼ֵʮΣǮȨǿϰ彵
ַùüˣ˼ҼǧĶüʮ
ȻԳɵĽ㣬ںǮˣԳǸɢͯӣǮˮܸǵǮࡣ
ÿҲõʮΡ
ƹĽۣһҵǹģҲȥ˵ԳɵĽͰѹˣ˵Լܻܵϵĳ裬˵һɱˣҲ
һҲʱԳܻϳ谮ԳȥϿߣһңϲûгͷԳɵĽ㣬οԼңʹ˲ٽΣҳͷ˹ùԳɵĽǸù˺ôһԴ裬ԾΪ֡
һͲͬˣϸոԼ׶ӵĸͷɴۻ̯׬ǮٶӵĽˣӿ
ϻҪԳĺӣȻҲˡ
˵Ҹ˶ʱ䣬ŶȥҵǸҵִʮӣһЩ򡣡
׵ͷ¶һײĻȡ
λٸߣҲֻһľżˣɵƿػϵ
Լ˾η粨֪֮϶ǵ̬ȱˣ˵ȥϰ̯ҸȥƻҲˡ

½ǫ˿֮Ϲܹ½ǫ֮ǰԪӣȴԴ
½ǫλؼұѵˣ
Ϲҡͷ̫ϧˣ˵һֽƤСԣұ壬ҿȥһƫƫʱû̯ǲǹҰ
½⻰̲סȥ½ǫ½ǫ˵Ǽҵ̯ӡ
ΪڹӼŵ£ҹӼﶼٵģֻҹӼǰС̯ģ˵ȥñЦ
½ǫûв½뷨Ϲ˵Ժȥ¥ԡ
¥ҪƤˣϹ˫۷ϢǴģ
й¶½ǫصգգ۾
½½ǫûб¶˿룬½ǫӦҲñ֪ǼǰС̯İɣҪϹ֪ˣԺͲǼҹˡ

ϴ½ǫһҸǮDƤطȻ¥һʮӣǼҰ̯ʮǮ
طûҪǮֻҪ˷ֳɣÿһݸ߷һ롣
һʮķֳɣͷҪˡ
ǮDˣ˼һ붼Ǽҵľ¥һ֡ʮһǼ˵ǵͼ۲ˡ
½ǫԹأ˵ʼʮĶ̫ˣ᲻ϼ۸ȥˡ
¥ʼƤ֮ЩǮݵүǾҲ߳ˣȥǮDǱ߳ԡ
̯߰ļ̫ӵˣͲˣֻʼԼȥԣȥüŶ
¥ҲеˣǶǲǮģȥõĻò͡
ߵҲû壬кܶ฽סŵܹŶӳ
ҲǺҲСͥһʮĵƤѵģҶ볢ЩǮүǰԵĶʲôζ
û٣ÿ컹˴һЩ
иĺӣһҲŶӣҲһݻȥԼӳԡ
ֳÿ춼ѵ˵
һƤȥֱƿڴʳģȥ˼̯ǲǮյûˣ
ΨΨŵŵ˵ⲻζţһݻҶҲ˵Ļţ볢ζһʮģóҲûʲô˵ġ
ǶӲĻţĻŰŤһɷĶ䣬ǲҵƤǲƯСɰ
һɤźȥֵ˶һǵͨ졣
½վָŮ˺ӳܱҼߣС˺죡
Ů˿½ǰԲӣЩ𣬵תһ룬Լ˺ͶӶأһڻܴ򲻹½
ȥϱÿĻ֦չС˻ȥӴñӣ
ޣҶӱ˺ðٱ߿ҵˣ½˻ȥ
ƤóԣŮ˵ĶѾǳܵʱ˴ˣԺ𣿲ԣھһ롣
⺢ʮˣĺǳͣθڴĺܣƵóܱ
ŮȻԼ˺ͶǶԼӦӳԵô㣬˵һ룬̾ҪҲ˲ϸո½ˣ̾ǮҪȥŶ
½ĹΪҪܣҪһ룬˵㣬Դȥ¥ʮһİɡ


83 
Ҫǻȥ
̯С̷סڸ, вǺܸԣ׬Ļԡ
ҲΪԭûǮǱĹѸ, Ҫѧ, ׬ǮǿǼҺӺӵѧ, ˵·Ǹˮģĸĸ, ׬Ǯ绨Ķࡣ
ʣµ˼Ȼû벻ǽڼ˵ģӲΪ˿ڸ֮໨һǮ
˵Ƥʮһ룬ĶģǶûй
ǿһ, ЩĶǼҵŮ˳, ˳֮ͲٹǼҵĶ, ǽճܣƤ, Ƥȷʵóԡ
Ů˸û, ȥ֮ӻ˵ԣ˺һӡ
ҿֵͬʱҲҪҪһԳԣģԿˬȷʵ
¥ǱߵĶԱ, ʮʮ, ռ˴ˡ
˻֮ǰȥѯʹӶǮһ, , ӣǲǾͲƤˣǼǮҲʮһɡ
ûмûŹĶǾˣ룬ȴܿŵõ
һԼܹеĶڲԺܶ򲻵ˣҶЩżˡ
ͱˣǼѾ̯ȥˡ
ڶһ磬߸յУδ̯Ϳ˺öŶӣǸ̯
ǱĹѸȥʱѧŸӳԡ
һ룬뵽ҵİһ붼ԲҪ룬Ѿʮˣһ϶ԡ
ӻҪȰĸæһӲŻȥ飬ϵƤһ¡
Ҳ˵Ƥʮһ룬ǼҵǺܺãÿһǮĸ׬ġ
ȦЩ죬ҲûĸһǮĸһԡ
ⶫһͲóԣҲԲˡֻ֪˵ĸײŻһͬԡ
ԭһھ˵óԣԺĸ׾ͲỨǮˡ
˭֪һ֮סˣ޷˵ѳԵĻ
ͷԼĸףĸ׳һ֮۾ҲˣͷһΪԵʲôô˹
ĸ˵ƾ٣һῼóɼԺĸÿ춼ԵƤ
ѸЦһ԰ǲˡ
ǾͳԱģɽ亣ζﳢһ
ΪƤܰһ磬Ҳ࣬ǿ˳ԲԼҲԡ
ȥЩϻ˶ǺܳĶЩڣÿʮġ
ǳԽ֮󣬾ͱζڸи޵ˣȣˬڣĶƽࡣ
˼죬Ͷڴ˵ÿĻ֦չǳ˵ġ
ʼ˲ţ˵ߵ๫²ŻһΣį£𿴿ģʵĺܣûĸƭķ˵ǼҵǮء
ҥԴɣû˸½ǰϾ½ս̫ǿˣڼǻҪȥǱƤԣȻǵߺ½
磬׼󼸷Ƥؼһһ·ȥ๫
ͷƤʱ򣬺Ȼס۾
²˭
һЦˣҵ๫
߲µĿ׼½ǫɿ֣Ҫ棬ױСɡ
Ҳһ飬ϻҪɻһ棬˼ʲô
ֻܺŶԷ۾ﶼСǡ
½ҲֻôɵϷˣɲһһһ׼ôôôͻˣӼ˷żʱˣ
ûУһѧҾˣûԣ½ʰһ¶ʵ̫ˣȲܻˡ½ǫ뱧ߣֶˣһɻȥˡ
ҵСɻˣÿɰ
½ǫ֮ǰֵŮǶҪԼ˸סˣǸСɨˡ
½ǫֺǿ˿Լֳˣٿ˧½ǫ׷۵ĸо
ô˧ˣôȥˣ
ž½˵Ļԭ½ǫڹӼ飬ͨȥĵطѲǼʲôûĹ岻ɣ
ֿ½ǫϴ֣߸ɻһȥˡ
߿½ǫʱƽʱһ㶼ֳͬݺͰĽҵǸ˶ܿĳ
뵽ƽ߸˵̬ȣ๫ȼֱر
ҥԲˣ֮촫лǸŮ̫ˣ˹ˣҲ˶ˡ
ÿ̰ڵƤƾΪ๫ѧõģǸ÷ɡ

һ½԰½ǫʰʵҲûɶҪʰģͰæ׻ϴ·½ǫг¿ȥ
½½ǫķʱ˼Ӽҵ֮ͯǰЩ̬ͯȻͦã˵˵Χһ𽲽ͯľ飬еĻ˵˵Լҵүϲá
½ǼȴоϴЩ
½ΪʲôԼǼͯЦ˵˵ǼҹӵķڼϰС̯ǲġ
½оһܸ߳У˼ҹӵλߣͯҲӣҹӼС̯ģҲûй⣬˳Ц
˳ЦôˣΪ½ǫ֮Ͳعǰˣ˭֪Ҫ˳Ц
֮ǰ˵׵ǴأЩҪ߹󣡿ֻһͯ˵ȥҲûš
ıСͷҲĳ˹ӼţС飬չȥ۸ˣ
ûС½˵ˣȴǲģлѪͳ
ȴҪˣһС̯ҵˣҪһȺͯЦΪʲôôࡣ
ǻȥ·ϣ˴ӵ
ֻǲϵôӵȻҲûȥעһ¿ϵĺӡ
ߵ̫ȴˣ˵
ƿһĺӣǺӣ
˵ʱĶӶԴϴα֮˿ںõǺܿ졣
ǳЦȴûô׹ȥӹȡЦ
ǴӣĸǻʺǰĸӹÿɫΪһС±ʴˣʺҲΪ±˽գ֪˭˵ʺʹʧˣǸ˶Ҫһš
ǮDﲻ½ǫڹ⺢ӾֻǸСͯ
µҲΪӣ
һԵ̫˵˾ʲôȻͣ
̫³׷ǰе¿
̫߹ȥųϵк˵˼仰ȻЦˡ
ĪĿǵľٶ½˭˵ʲôˣ
½ϵı˺ðŻعûûʲôǣۼҹڹӼһλͬʹӣ˵иҵҪתӡ
岻˵£½ɱˣȥһҪ½ӡ
֪ˡ½ãȻĵͷ
ǻص֮½ܽȥԼĽˡ
½ǫ߳ȥԼˣ½һæֲˣǽһʱ䡣
½½صĸ˵Ҫǻȥߡ
½üĸ
ĸǴӣһ·ң˵ǻȥ½½֣㣬ǲūˣҲϵˣ˵Ժ۵˻ϣҾǻˣǹ͵͵˰ɡ
˵˻𣿡½˦֣½Ϸˡ½ү߷˶ǶãҲˣǾǣһڷԣŲǶǸһڷҲߣҲ׼ߣ
½ҸǶٷǻǲͺô۵Ǯʱ۵ʮٱĻǲͺ𣬽ôôûأнʳĺӲҪʲôˣ


84 
ܵܶ
ɵ, кӹΪʲôǣ½̧½Դ˼£ҲȥҲ׼ȥ, ҪǸȥ, СҴ㣡
½羯, ǧǧ׼ȥǸˡ
½ʵܺ½磬С½һ𳤴, Ȼ̥ǵܵܣ½Ƕչ˶һЩչˣܷܵʱ, ½ҲĶԵܴܵ, Ҫٷ
½˵Ҫ, Ȼ֪㲢ĴǻẦ, ʶľ͸ϽǸ,ҹˣİɣҲȥġ
½ܵ˵ȥһ˼, Ǹʲ, ǰԸܳԶٱ, ˯þ, 첻´ðǵԸˣͲҪȥЩԼĶˡ
㣬֪ˡ½ô˵ȴڳЦ㵨С
ǰȷʵ˲ٿ࣬ܿ࣬Ϊ֪֪ܿ࣬ˣ϶ǣЩ˶ɱˡ
ڵ֪ǹĲãӻȥΪʲôȥӣ㵽ڵʲôأ
ʱ½½ȥæ½һϽܳȥˣٳȥǰ½ס˵Ļ׼ҵΪҸո˵ЩΪ˵ǵǵɱģǵɱĸˣΣǶǸˡ
֪ˣ㣬ȥɣ˽أҲȥүһ鷿½½뿪ֹ˵ʲôɱĸˣǸŮ˲Ǹ¼˶ѣôǵĸףǵĸֻдһ˲Ŷԡ
ŴҶæˮֲ˵ʱ͵͵˳ȥ
ŵʱ˳壬廹Ҫȥģ
½˸ţϷȥ㶫Һܿͻˡ
ǼҵĹûô󣬶˿Ҳûôǰ½Ҳ½ȥ½ͷһأҲûʲôһģҪʲôҪҪһȥ
û£һЩϣһ˾ûϷ˵һһṫ˾ƲûȥڼҴʱȥӹӻ½˵ž˳ȥ
Ҳû̫࣬ΪϷĽڼ͹ԹԵڼš
½ܵĺܿ죬һ·ϴһܵ˴Ӹ
ڴſǻһӣſ֮Щҽȥˡ
˺þõ˼׼Ÿǰſڵ˵Լݡ
˵ǴӵĶӣ¶˳Цݣ˵ǴӵĶӣһ˵ǻϵĶأȥȥȥСһȥ
˵ģȥʸ߹ġ½¶ֺãǸϽԼȥ
ȴ룬ǵȥˣһҪ״ſڵҪƲ˶ʧ
ȻԺҲҪ½ǫʧǼǱӵˣͲôϡ
ȷʵ֪λ߹߹̫ź̫֪࣬߹˺ܶ࣬С֪߹Ҳûʲôֵġ
ֻСӵüмƣһСǴӵĺء
һۣһλȥͨ˴Լһʱ䣬߹Գˡ
߹Դ̬ȺܺãСһͷĺôģҲ֪С˽ȥҸطš
½ͷǣ·С˵־ģ
æǸϴ߹һۣ´ȥ췣ɡ
߹˵꣬½ȥˡ
֮ǰ½һε½ǫҵʱ򣬾;½ǫǼǸԺͦɵģиԺӣôӣ˯ӻܷŴ˯һһ㶼ӵ
˴ӸŶʲôɣȽ½ǫǼСĿˡ
Ÿ߹һ·ǽ̻ԻͣԺһһģһһģ˺þõ·ȴһ㶼ۡ
ϾҪסôôɵķˣǻѪҪˣ˵׼Ժ˻ʵۣ̫ܵء
ֻǲ֪мӣǲǽ֮ҪǼ裬õ׵İԺϹõˣ
ţ߹Ͱͽһӣ߹˳ӡ
ʣ˴Ӻ½
½߽ȥȴһܡ
˵̺ڷһ¯ưƮɢ
ǰһˣ˳Ӣ߹һǴӡ
ǰ˼㽣ҵĸ𣿸ףЩ꣬ÿ춼ףףžˣͷ˺öĿ࣬븸žۣЩҲʲôˡ
ߵǰĵͷܲܿ࣬ʲôϵһ¼ū͵ĺӣһû͸ñֵַһӵūʲôұۡ
ס½޴ĿŴӣûʹĸϻ棬ȴǸܺ£ҲǳĲ
ôң䡣˳һƴϣ½½һЩ顣
һõ̫󣬰½ˤȥԴֱײǸ¯棬˵һײӵ
߹ǵĴţȻͿǺѪĵڵϣһҲ
Ӳͷİ˰̧֣ȥ˿κãá
߹ϽܹӺְѺӻ˵ϣӣˡ
ˣһƶѣǸӸˣ̧ߣ

½ǫȥһ磬˾Ｘľ㣬ȥʱѾǰ
ǲŽţͱ½סˡ
½ڵϼֱޣ˵Լܵܲˡ
½һˣȻֱȥ廨ڼһֱûм½
֮ǰ½үӹӼ󣬾鷿ϰдֻǿ顣
үģһ½һѧϰ
½˵ԼһѾߣѧϰдҲûã˼ΣΪžһæҪȥæҲûлȥѧϰд֡
ûмܵܣΪܵ鷿д֣½˵һԵˮ½Ҳгɣŷ½ˡ
һ֣ͨҲˣһ䣬˵ϷȥЩϣܿͻᱻӸ˰ɣ˵һӣٸͷء
½ǫһΰҲаϾڳأȻ˷Ӹҹպӣȥңȥٸһȥҡ
Ҳ˵ԣȥǮʶ˶࣬˵׼Ըҵء
½˵Ҵûȥʲôϣ̰ܳȥ˰ɣЩСӾ;ܳȥ棬˲Żһ˿ң˵סһͻء
½סߵ°ڣٷˣҵܵȥ˴Ӹ
üΪλȥӸ
˵Ҫȥס½籾ǵܵܲȥҴӣͰκˣڵܵܲˣȥ˴Ǳߡ
Ȼûӣ˵ƷôУ½𣿡½ǫûǼ£ֻΪСϻ׵ˡ
Ǵӿ϶½ţȥӸû׼ܿСſڶſء
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


85 
ȡ֮
ôȥ, Լȥͺá½ǫţ߲ģܾû¡
ȥǮ, һȥ, ๫ԼȥԿߵĵ˵
, Ͽȥɣһȥ½, һɣôˮ飬ˣԳΣô죿
ղŲǻ˵йôǴﶼûгֹ, УŽ, ųӡ
ǼǼɱӡɱС͵ɱ·ٵ, ֻҪĿ˽˴壬ᱻصΧ, ʮ궼û˵˷, ½˻˵Ĵˡ
ôಶѲߣҲܲסÿǳǵлˡ
ҳǱȴÿ˶Լῴ֮Žһµİץס
½Ӳһ˳ˡ
˵ݳ, ½һҪ, Ҳһ, ҡ
½ǫ·ȥҲʵ, ϵôӸڿ·߹ͳδĳ⳵ࡣ
ϵôӸȥܿ͵ˣ˵طҲѾˡ
½ǫΪˣضǲ½ȥ½ܻڴſڿޣǿ߻ȥ
˳֮ڴӸһȦûҵ½ѵ½ѾŻȥˣ
½СʮǺӵʱû׳ɹ϶÷ǳκ֪
׼·ؿСʹؼңڲ£ȥ֮Ҳߴұˣӡ
ղŵľٶ̫ˣ·Ӹ·ٶȶ죬ϵʲô鷳
½ǫڸתƣѰʲôӣ̫ˡ
ſڵĻǰסʲôˣ˵ھΡ
ûһҼͯ½ǫǡ
˼½ǫ̬Ȼã͸˵ˣһСԣѾǼСˡ
˸ղΪ½߹ѵһ٣ڲ˵ˡ
ǼСˣ½ǫû뵽ӾȻ˽ȥˣ½
ԣȥһʱˣǸ߹ԽӵģǴӵĺӣԺٹͯ˵
½ǫ²򵥣Ӵӳ𣬴Ӿ֪ģΪʲô粻ϻϻأƫƫʱ˸ϻȥˣⱳ϶ʲôı
ʱǮDҲˡ
ǮDߺ½ڳžͺãòҪȥ
ͷ̯ԺҪ꣬ôӼסˣԺӻȥǵ鷳
Ҳһŵߣ߻Σգš
ǮD³֮ߵ½ǫôҵûУ
½ǫҡͷ˽ȥˣ˵Ӱϻȥˣò
ͶˣǸ⣬϶ʲôأôǮD˵žҪ洳
çײ½ǫҪʲôǮDһ򲻰·ơ
ſڵϽţǮD뵽˴ӵĽԺǮDһɲý
Ҳ´ٱǮDһΡ
һδӱǮDֱ֮ϴˣǴδӻܷ֮ŭø˳
Ǿ㱻ǮDвҲҪš
ǮDҲûˣ½ǫ˵岻ҪҪŴȥ˸ҵţ
½ǫ̾˿һˣȻôмˣߺ½ڰ̯ͳ˻ӡ
˵ڰбļˣӲʹô죿
תһ룬ҲӰ½ϻȥѾǸʼˣǵˡ
ǮDȷܶס
ǮDδͷ½ǫںƣʱ׼ǰ
ǮDҾãʵ㻹ͦҶӡ
˵ͷ£ӸˣȥˣǴӳ
һᣬû߹ˡ
߹Цǰһ˵үүǼӲڣʲô£ת´Ҽӻˣȥϡ
ڣǰ˻ǮD£Ǹͯ
ǮDʮ㣬һ㶼ʮˣ½ǫվһʱʱǮDʮˡ
߹װɵʲôˣ˭ȥүҪˣǿ԰æ˵˵˳ʲô߰ݣʲô֣һҹ
װɵ½ͯ˸ҽǮD
½ǫ߹µĶһ£Ҳ֪ǱǮDŵã½ʲô¡
֧֧ᣬǰɱˣ½ǫʡ
ûûУ߹˵ʶ˵⻰½ǫֲǮDʲô
½ǫǮDĹϵǲһ㣬ǵùԴʵ˵ˣСӽףӺܸˣ˱ϾǸӣѪϵţСҲԭ˴ӣ˵ȥˣֻᣬƤ˼˵
½ǫɣȷʵ˵
½ϾǴӵĺӣҪϸףҪ϶ӣһûа취ֹ
ֻŴԺùȻ½ѡ·Ǿֻгеˡ
ܾˣҰǼҴôĺӣ˵ѺҪ߾ҪߵģǮDһָһ㲹Щӵķˡ
⡭߹˲ͷϵĺǡ
ʲôӲȥһҪɣô˵ǮDȻȥϣľǻˡ
߹ҲǮDѸܻȥʴӵ
ûɱ½Ǵ½³ϾԼĺӣ½½Ҳ£½ôˡ
ǮDǲĵӣ֪½ˣðѺǱ
֪һֱͦģĸҲǺܺã˵׼ΪǺصķ
һнǺ˵£һ㣬˭Ҳ׼˵ȥ˵
֪ˡ߹ϽһƱ˸ƱǮD
ǮDתҪ½ǫ½ǫûҪǸ
ߺ½ĵĿЦЦûˣԸǾɣ˵ֻϰ壬ûȨļ¡
½ǫ·Ͼ룬ôԶ·һСӶһܹӦ˺ܴľģǿа˴ȥ½ڶεΡ
½ƫӣ˵׼Ժ½ȥ߸ƻ½ҲӦԲԼߡ
߳̾˿ĻҲ֪˵ɶ
˼ұϾǻѪȷʵǼˡ½һһԳĬõ½磬ȥףҲš
Ҳȥ½缱Ҫ£סϣҲȥǸɱ֣ҲŲҪ
½ǫ⣬û뵽Сӻһݰǡ

һߣ׽¸߸˻ϡ
û뵽»кǴͷҰ½ǫֱͯӸϻȥˣ½ǫȥǱҪˣҲͦģңҵġ
ϲ˵©ˣϽתƻ⣬Ҫȥ𣿡
ûУѾˡڴӸߣǻģ˽ȥˣ½ǫҪ˵ʱҲʹǲǰ˸ɱˣ½ǫ˵ԼĶӶɱǸĸֵǲҲɱɱ
⻰½ǫû˵ױģϾ
⻰Ȼ˼ֺ֣úݶģǸʺһЩûںСĸǱҲûڳøСһǣǲ׼Ҳɱˣȡ֮


86 
߳˾ǵһ
˭û˼˯, ӷǳŭ½ĺӣôôֵõ˵
ǮDȻҪһ, ʨӴ󿪿, ôһСƨ, ȻҪһ
ǮDǲҲʶ, õʵƫ˵һôҪ顣
Գһģ˾֮ŸʵƫھߣǮDǸʵֳ
ǮDʲôʶվǮDһ, õ˸ʵƫ
̧֣Լ, һƴ½, ;ûһϧ֮ûжˡ
һθӵʱ, ǷҲأ
Ը˵, ½
ȻҲԳһ͸ԳɷôǸӣȻԼĸۡȴɲԳɡ
ǰҪ뾡취õʵĳ谮, תһ, ½δ, þֺ, Ƿϲ⺢ӣ
𰸺ԣᣬϲӣᡣ
߹˳չȥ˵үΪ½ǫūˣǸ½ǫүϵ֮⣬ʲǫ̂ˣ¾͵үĸļˣү϶ȥӾǿӱ޵ĻȥҲҪ£ү˼վҪˡ
⻰۾˵ڣ½ǫ
߹¶һֺõЦݣݸ߹Ǹ½ǫû˿ɽôҸŸɣǳ⼸ºúˣҸү״
ȷʵֻеŭ⡣
Ը߹˵ʲô취
߹չȥڴӶ˵˼仰ͷãȥɡ
½ǫ߻ؼ֮һôߣ½磬ȥˡ
Թ½ǫһݡ
ߵǵ˵½ǴС޸ĸõĸİɣеͲĸȥܿࡣ
뵽һԼԳɽҶΪүĽᷢɣΪĺܺã˹ӣϵĶ
½ǺҲ½뵽һ½ʱ˵ԺǽԱСӵ۾ġ
߿ޣϱӣǳⱲӵһ˵Ժÿ춼ܳԱ
ϱѾ˹ȥⱲøȥͬ˵õذܿࡣ
½ԸһףҲϡĺãߺʧ䣬ҲܴЩţ룬һˣǷ񻹸ĶԴ
½ǫôѹҲۣ½С֮ǲģʲôҲĺúõģҲδԹһ䣬û뵽˵߾ˣߵĻô
Ҫ˵½ǫһоûҲǼٵģô죿½ܲ½ףǿа˾Ȼڼ
ֵֻøլ½
ߵԴ뵽һ仰ʺ˵
ʲô
ڣˡ½ǫǰϿ仰һ仰۱ˣùĿʼ
һһ㶵ģ½ǫ˵̫ǰˣǰֻҪƣҪԼˣû˵˭˵ڵġ
˵ǰǣӰԼԭ½ǫ֣ҪˣǲǺþûȥǱˣһȥһΰɣæϵ£ȥǱѧϰ϶Ҫġ
ߵͷȷʵʱ̫æˣûѧϰˣ꣬ƣʱһһЩʱʱȥˡ
ʼ̯½ģҲȤһˡ
ͷĻѧʡдʫһѧٶʲôأ⣬׬ǮҸùһЩźá
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½ǫԽǰǸˣȻԼΪ׬Ǯ֮󣬲ȥˡ
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μӡˢ˺ܶ౾ķǳá
μǵ˿£޲ڣоԼ񵽱ˡ
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ʲôϡ棬ʲô׳ǰҲֹλŮΪƽŮӶܶ飬ѧĵľͻᱻܶϲܸߵλá
ѧʵĸͷһμ͸Ϊϡ档
Щӻһߵò˻ҵǰ͵͵ߵӡ
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ӼѧǳǲأȻƽﲻȥǿԽмͶ
μһͱˣЩѧϢæüСȥеˣеûֻȺĴյһһ
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⾩ǵһ˾ةСŮҲǸŻڵģߣòͲŻԲһ
ϢͨĿʼ˭סɷˡ
ϢͨѾ½ǫΧסˡ
ʫҷģʣһѯ½ǫ
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ʻ˸ǲһģһãȻЩЦˣЦʲôô£
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꣬ΧһЦ
ѯʵҲĸ½ǫǸ
½ǫҡͷûϵϾǶԸʹƫҼҷ
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룬½ǫ϶ӦֻҪˣͲͬԼӵģ
˭֪½ǫȻӦˣ½ǫСӿͦġ
ʫҲкô϶ӦȥǱߡ
ȥϤĵط֣˶֣Ҳ߻飬Ŀġ
壬׼Ҽҷȥׯӣһȥ˭ȥһдˡ½ǫ󷽵˵
ׯӣʲôũСԺðׯӡԣ̲סԱ˵ôһȥҷɣͲҷɸñӡ
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½ǫһ๫ˣԼҷˣҪȥԼҷɣѵ½ǫͨԼҷʵЩȨ
½ǫûô⽨ƵĶԣŵĻǴ˼ġ
Ц˵лѡ
ԣ⻰ĵĲˣ˭֣
½ǫûԱߵЩ˵ʫᣬӰ³أʫΪ˴˼ҼҷʲôǾǲӣʼӣȻҲǲӣһǼʶʶȭͷ
½ǫ˵Żȭͷǿ˿˭ԣ
Ҳȭͷ˭ҶɩӶ˼ҾֱӰɱˣѾ֪ˣҵŽ͸ҵһƣΡ
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ڳ⻰׷ױɫȺ½ǫҲġ
߶˴󲿷ֶ½ǫͬøߣؼžͱЩߴࡣ
û֪ģֻΪׯںֳֵ
ɼǱׯںһȭҲܵģο󻹸Ÿġ
ĵʼδ͸¶ʵڲˣҴҾ½ǫи硣
ĸ½ǫʵǲֵܡ
òģ֪ŽĶӡ
֮ǰҲһС֪ڵô˵˵ˣ˷׷ױɫ˼ĶҶ˼ˡ
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½ǫʱڹӼϿΣϢЩָ̯ͨæҸϡ
ĸһߣɩ֮ǰ˵׬ЩǮŻῪ̣û׬ѾܹǮˣ̫ˣԺӣȥƤʱҲ±̫ɹˡ
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ҪѪƿ½ǫ˵ȳԷɡǴĻ϶ûԷͻ˰ɡ
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ʵʼǲ̯߰ģֱӿ꣬æɻ߾ͳչһ¾С
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ʰһЩ, ½ҪҪһȥׯ
½ǫ룬½ϲǱ߶ǵأ½϶ϲ
ڳ, ½ڼԺֲ, ǳȥ, ĵطûȥ½ǫ, һȥɢɢġ
½ȴܾˣڼҿңȥɣ⼸Ҳȣ, ˣҸȥơ
½Ǹ, , ½ǫҲûа취˵ʹ߻һȥġ
ԭ½ǫ˵ó¿ȥ, ˵ϰ¿, ȽһЩ˵ҵ࣬Ը½ǫһһƥ
߲ԭ½ǫ˵߾
½ǫ߿ķʱ¶Ľɫû, ߣ㲻, ͬһƥ
𣿡߻δͬһƥ, û, Щ־塣
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½ǫر£๫أȥ
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㻹С㵣Щ½ǫ´һԼܵܣǽһӢδУ԰׵һУݣְ˶󹷹ѣŮһ
ѾСˣĵСƢԽСԽǲԸ˵С
½ǫֶʮģ˵С϶Ц
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½ǫ֮ׯӵĹ¸Ͻæǣ½ǫ㱨ʳΡ
渺һǸʵˣ½ǫоܸԼһ֮ǰڴʱ峤ĸо½ǫܷġ
½ǫҪ߰ϯôãɣںӱŪտˣЩɳ衢ʲô㿴Űţǹͣ߱׼
½ǫ˵ǣߵȥֵסˡ
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ǵĸȻʺܳ裬ǵλʺ󣬻ʺƽʱǵĸʹ˲ٰӡ
Ϊ½ǫͷôǰǵĸԺûкӹˡ
ԳǼұɱ½ǫԴԳɵĴ㱻Ϸһ֮ǼҾӰĹһӡ
½ǫѴӸˣ˶ץˣƶˣԳһҸ˵زˣʼףˡ
½˵£òУȥæĵڳ٣Ҳȥ취ˡ
֪£εҡͷϵһôĴ£˵ûˣҲǰڻϵƫ˭ʺʹӻû
빬һʱ佫¸߻ϣʺû֪ˡ
ӱȥ˴Ӹʺ˵£ΪҪˣżҪȥԼĶӣΪʺ󣬲ֻܼæȥһϡ
۵ʱ˴ţǻʺ޿ʱֱһ˴򷢻ȥ
ǰʺͻʶȤˣȴ˻ʺĿʺ˵ӱŪˡ
ϻͦ棬Ӳһֱھô˭ҴӣǮDǰӲǳ
ûʺ˾䣬˭ǴӸˣϸ˵
ʺΪϹĴӣðο˲٣Ĩ˵ʶȥׯ棬ɢɢģȴù׷ϣ˻ʯͷһʶѻʶҵ˹ȥδ˼ϣҪΪǵĺ
⻰˵ⲻԼһֱѵԸôˣ⼸̫æˣ
˭ôʣҪǸ˴ӵˣȻһֱҲǸˣǱ滹ǻװһĸף
ˣ˺½ǫʺ̫ͨʱ˵һ죬˵½ǫǮDߵĶܽĵӣʺ˿ܾЩƮˣӶ
ӿǻϵĺӣܻӣҲֲ
½ǫ֣һȻĺӣ뵽һȥˣ½ǫֵһľƫ½ǫ⺢ӿ϶˴ӵ۸ŻȲѵķ
Ѿץ˴ˡʺ˵£ҪҪھͽٴǳͷˣǻΪǻʼҵǺ۸ġ
ֵõϰϺ˾䣬أȥ½ǫ
Ҫȥ⻰ſھֱȥ½ǫǴ˳
߸½ǫһ˴ΣΪҪˣת
һΣĻϱⱲҲϱӴδܹĿ֣Ҳֵˡ
๫๫Ҫμӿƾˣڷ£̫ˡ
½ǫѵϵĸɲݶץѵһŪһĵطߣЪһᣬôתһöˣﲻһǳԷ
һ⻰ϽˣЩޣԭڸóűɳտڱˣĸ֪˵öżء
½ǫҲ̾ԼǲƢ̫ˣղſӰˣۿžҪ׵ˣܲżôʱɱ˵Ķˡ
סÿһû˵ˡ
֪ǸĴӸɱˣҲڰ
εĵػûȺأͿ׹ּˡ
˵Ҫ½ǫĵĿߣܲտһ¡
׿һߺģһŰɡ
νȥʲô˼½ǫĵʣ»ϴߺĸˣҪȻ⡣
㻹͵͵ųȥǲǣҡҡͷİɣһڰа飬㲻¡
л½ǫΪҪƾٵԵʱܼϣû뵽Ϊ£ǰϼˡ


88 
ȥ˼
Ҫ빬, 
һϵļ涼ǲõĻ䣬һϣһӶҪϼ档
⣬Ǻϣ½ǫϣ½ǫھǸƽ, ˻, Ǿ·һ
½ǫ, ½ǫҲǻˣû׼ϻֱˡ½ǫ
һжƫԳҲǼ, ƫԳɲԳɱΪԳɵĸףԣ׼ȷ˵½ǫĸԳɵĸס
ǻ֪½ǫ, һ֮ǰԳɵǷƫ½ǫ
ʱʲôﶼû, , бٻ
⻰Ҫô˵˿ڣֱӸ½ǫ˵׵ʵǻϣ½ǫ϶ΪղžŹȣŷ, Ȼô˵Ļ
˵, ϱͷôĻ
û֤ݣ˵Ļûŷܲ˵ģ⻰̫˼, š
½ǫܵڷ, סߵ, ǰİο
ô䣿½ǫ, ΪǸղŴ̫ˣټܾˣŻ䣬οġ
ҡҡͷﻹһĶԲߣЩ㱡
½ǫߣ´ǰҪˣֻα겻αҪܷղͨ͡ľͿԵģҪǱøǿվڸλû˺ںˡ
ܲܶȥҪ˵ǰ㵭ӣ½ǫġ
ǵ˹⹬½ǫԽǰ๬һӵĴһЩɫҲǺǽ֣ǸһЩɫ
ǵ̫˵ͷߣÿĲҪ
ֻõͷ½ǫôʵģǿ˲ٻʹľ
߻ǵһʹϱԳɽλʹǴδȥʹԳɾϲ̨棬ˣȥøǿ˻ῴ
ҲһȥԳɵʱҲȻرܣҪûϼ
ʵҲϣҲκˣÿ˶ﲻ
ЩˣҲԽԽԱԼҲԼãӵб˵ϲ
ԴԽ֪½ǫǻϵĺӣȴû˵ʵ飬Ǻʧȥ׵һС
ûа취ˣΪ½ǫ취û֪¡
·Ĺ˵һᵽ˻ǱߣҲ׼̧ͷֱʥϡ
½ǫǰӾʱ˽ϲֱ̧ͷֱĶŻϿõͷ
ȻûΪ˴ӶҲΪûﲻ
Ǳȥ˻ϵ鷿ȥ沢ֻлһˣлʺ
Ǹϻʺʱ߼װײ½ǫһ£ָ½ǫĻﹴһ£һӣǿ½ǫϵ˳
룬һΪԳϣڻϿ½ǫ壬϶ҲİɣֻҪ΢һ£ܵࡣ
֪½ǫݣضҪ½ǫɣֻҪ½ǫܰȫĻȥϻ᲻᲻ɢ½ǫȢˣˡ
½ǫæסߣ˳ְػ˻
ö˵Ҫϲ˿塣
ʺҲö壬˿Ĩᣬûм
ǻȴƳˣһҦ壡
ʺ½ǫԭƽһٴμָ½ǫǴˣɱǵĻʶ˴֮ˣϲҪŹ
ʺƽʱͲǸׯصˣԼӳ֮󣬾͸Ӳע̬ˡ
ϱͷۣ㣬ʻ
Ͽˣߵģ˵ŽӣССͣžӢ²˵Ž׷ŽĶ׷ĶӣҲһԵ֡
ߣϴμһߣǸƯĸҲ˵ٹߵĴţʫ⣬½ǫҲ壬Ǹ֮⣬϶Ҳ൱⡣
룬Ȼõĸټɢӡ
Ժϻ½ǫ֮󣬸½ǫȢƽ޸֦ɢҶҲһġ
Ŀŵм½ǫϣϴԶԶļһΣǴμ棬½ǫϼҦӰӣҦ˼ֶ˼֣޲̾ϻӡ
ļ棬Ĳ
ҦĺӣҦĽᾧ
Ҧ˵Ƕʱ䣬һֱҲˣҲβҦҦߵʱѺܶڹĺۼҲˣûΪҲǶӾֻһζѣȻôһǵϵûء
ڿ½ǫǵĺ֤ӵйҦ֤ݡ
ָ̲סڲţʺ󿴵ָΪģĵһὫ½ǫǧеġ
һеЩ½ǫ˵ѴӴˣд£
ºͣһ㶼ʱˡ
½ǫӲ˵ġ
½ǫֱ׳Ҫ߿ọ̈̄Ҫ½ǫĻˡ
ʺ󣺡˵ô˫۾Ƽˣ㻹ҵŻϵ˵ѣ
죡Ƴһۣˣͻʺȥ
ϣ檱졣ʺͲ˵뿪»ı⣬ҪȫԱš
ϼ½ǫ˵Ӳ˵ģЩ׷ŴӶѴӱƵ֮󣬻ʯͷΣ
ˣ½ǫ֪˵ѵʱһҪ˾Ϳ˵ˣԭڼҵׯϰǴӺҵׯӣֵ̤ҵļϡ
ϣƱ磬ǺȤ
׷ǲΪ̤Ĳ԰˱
ǣϰһܲһ֮󣬲ôȥҲ¿㵽˺ӱһˮƯ½ǫ治ɫ
ˮƯʣ̲סЦ
ʺԹ޵Ŀϣ˵ĶӻԲѣЦѲǱЦģ
½ǫ£ˮƯ˼ǣʯͷˮ棬ʯͷˮôԽԽǲûֱ£ÿζ˵һµˮ
ЦŵͷˣˡǴ̰棬̤ǼҵĲ԰ϰԼС£Сˤˮͷײˮ׵ʯͷιȥˣ
Ӣ½ǫ˵
˵һһ˿϶ǻϿ壬ϳ½ǫĶӣ½ǫˣ̫ˡ
һԵĻʺҪˣδڣ½ǫ˵Ȼ㲻ٲˣж٣
ٶĶصٵȼͿժˣҲˡ½ǫû뵽ϾȻ˵ԼΡ
֮ǰ˵ǮDѴӴˣϲûгͷǮDָ˴ӶʮӣһͨˣѴӸˣڻԲѣϾȻһ㶼ĴӣĲôˡ
ӣѵӲģ
ϣȻ̰棬ȻôĲˣ޷ˣʳΪ죬̣һûѰշҲǻãЩǮӴӵۡ
˼ǣˣ½ǫʡ
㱾޴ΪʲôҪ㣬ڵҪǶ飬ϣƾ٣ܿ㲻ı֡˵꣬ƳһԱҪڵĻʺ󣬡̵ĺöӣ㶪£ȥ˼˼


89 
ʹ
½ǫûб, Ϸ˳һϻ˵Ҫм۵Ǯ
ǮǰǮD½ǫչļ۸ģڵļ۸ܸ, 
ϸĲƱ, ǰ, üӵİ˻Ÿ½ǫ͵ȥ, ŪǷз±˲֪Ƶġ
½ӻӲѸ¶ҲѵõĿһ
½ǫŻˣϽĸ׽ȥˡ
û¡½ǫ½򵥵Ľһ½顣
½һ, ½ǫü£⺢ô, ΪԼڴ, ˭ʹ˭⾩, ·һ˿ܶǻ׹, ʱ䶼ٷƢ˳ˣôҲ֪̣
˵ԹĻȴۺӣȻûˣɹȴľսġ
ǿǴ, Ȼʲô¶ûеıų, Ǵʲôط, ȥһ, մһù˻½ܵ˵
Ž˵Ӧүٽġ
Ҳ³ȥŪ裬˻裬ȥȥٻ½½ǫȥ
Ҳĵȥȥ½ǫ鷳Ƕˣٳȥ𣿡
ﰲοɡ߳½ǫӣ½ǫĶ˵
½ǫͷãҲ˵ˣȥһλﰲһЩ
½ǫһȥ˴ſڣŰ׼˸衣
ھǷ˰ͻôӣ̫ˣ֡
ֿٿ裬иھӼҵ½ʲô
ȥȥ½˵
˵Щ⣬ϸʹôӣôû
ⲻʹͣ½ǫͣǻǵǮ
½ǫӣ˵Ҫ˵Щ
½ǫҲ˵ô˴֮ôСģһôģĿľ˶֪ǮҪһҵóȫҴ֪Ӷûô˾͸Ҷˡ
½Ҳ½ǫ˵ʲô¶˵Сֽ𡣡
½ǫ룬ԼǾԼ̫ˣԲŻ㵣ˡ
ãҲ˵ˡ½ǫһԺӡ
ҹѾˣǻȥ˯ɡ½ǫǵ÷ʱ֣߱СΪ˿࣬ȥú
˵ȥ˯ͨ죬˵ʲôأ
½ǫ˾仰ǻȥϢ
⻰źݡ
׼õˮ½ǫ˵ո˾ţݸˮ˯
ߺ뺦ߵ˵ֿϴתһ룬ӦѾ֪½ǫˡ
˵ͻ½ǫϻȥʱ½ǫ˻ӣҲǸ÷ֿʱˡ
½ǫָֿ½ǫķǵûϲˣǿɾˡ
ʱ游ĸĸȨκηʽӵģҲͨĸˣοǸǻϡ
ϲΪҪ½ǫҲ½ǫᷳһĻӣ˿ܾ͸յĴһ㣬ԣӻлʺ½ǫʲôأ
浽һ죬룬Լһ뿪½ǫΪѡ
뵽ԼδЩʧһˣƾʲôͲõҸء
һѳס½ǫǰ·չȥס½ǫ
½ǫھСʲôʱʱ򣬾͸оߵּ·Ҫһ㡣
СɲûҲûףʧȥƵġ
½ǫΪΪ췢ŵˣȻƽµĻˣһ𣬿ΪŽ˺ʧȥ뷨ɡ
½ǫ§ڻıأҪ¡
һֱߵ˵˵־˵ˣڴʱ˵ɨ˵Ļֻıס½ǫ
½ǫ֪Ϊλ˵ĺ£ǵһôµʱǻ뾩Ӽʱô£ǲˡ
ԣҲԭϴθ뾩йأ˵ǸϽ뾩йأΣǸ빬йأ
һЩϸڴԺиֳ빬ϵʱˤһ£岻СĹˡ
һֱţߣû֪
ƽʱˤһӣһ˦Ϊˤһ£ָǡɵĴ·ｫ
һܴ󵨵ĲԺ˳ѵߵη֣ϼйϵ
ͻʲôϵ
ĸ׵Ķѵ˵ϾǸˣ
֪ϸĹϵԹ⽫¶Ͽ
ǻϲδϣǸˣӦϻ
˵ѾԳϻأȷǲģҪ֤һ
Щ֪ģ
½ǫüͷĿߣǲ֪Щʲô
ҡҡ߻Ƭ̣Ϊλʣ
壬óϿģ½ǫ̹ˣԱ˿̽лɡ
Ƕߣֻֻϵķʽ߻᲻ƭ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô߲ǲ˵ûа취͡
һεˣֻƵ˵˭ţ
½ǫδ˵ԡɣһˮˡ
߻ججĽԡͰ½ǫһĵİ걳Ħ壬˯ǰı˯
½ǫԽһԽΣߣ˵ڣ๫Ϊǹϳȥ
֮ǰһӣŮǸ֡
ǵŮ̹Լ֮Ȼʿ
ҲԼ½ǫһ
½ǫĻ˫ֽرס½ǫҪΪ
Ҫ½ǫֿһʱúõӵɡ

Żټ½ǫ֪½ǫలµĻ
½ǫʱǰƣҦǰ񣬻ϲϲ
ΪҪˣҪ˾Ҫùˡ
˭֪½ǫôĹôˡ
ȻûǻҲû
½ǫǸͨˣǸռȵԳɣү
Ҳ֪ǵº«ʲôҩ
ѵ˵ҦڻеλãûǰҪӣҲûǰҪ
ϵ뷨䣬벻
̾˿ڲ½ǫȥԺҲܻὫ½ǫϻȥ
ȻҲ½ǫҲӲ½ǫôӡ
ͬʱҲˣײһӣǺ˼ˮû˵
֮󣬻ۣ뵽½ǫʱ϶ѾˣٻʹһЩġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


90 

߹, ϲ֣ӣˣҪи, ūҲøȥˡ
Ƴһ,ô𣿡
߹ϽԼ,ū˵ˣϢŭϢŭ
߹˵ŴһŮжһҩݹ,ӣ̫ҽո˰õģȺˡ
ϲֿ˰ҩײһԴҲ֪᲻ʲô֢, Ǻˡ
һҩ֮, Ͻ½ǫô, ֻܽĿˡ
½ǫǰĴ󵨣ʱԵĸо½ǫҪɱ, Ż, ӵǰǱ֪㶪ˣ϶Ц
һǮDͻϴ֮󣬾ѾǵЦε´ȥ, ûˡ
ĸ϶Ѿ취ѹȥ, Ѿ½ǫɱ, ֻҪ½ǫ, Ͳ֪µľ
ǵʸ߹½ǫôʱȴ߹Ϊѡ
ôˣΪ£һֲԤС
߹˲ӣ岻ʣȽˡ
һ´齣˵ô£û
ڴӵ׷£߹˵ʵ
ԭ½ǫûĸ⵽𷣣ĸһ㶼˵ΣȻ½ǫƳĲǮ
ΪΣҪŻѪǸʵĶӣ½ǫǸʵĶӣôһڸʵﶼҵķҪأ
߹ŵøϽ˵ӣɲ˵ǽжҪǴȥ˱ˣǡ
ʲôʸͲںӣͷˣоԼأα裡
Ѿȥˣȫˡ
Ȼûи㣬Ժܳ𣿣

ԳһҲ˵½ǫؼˣϻ˺öӡ
Լŵûӷ䣬ܾӶϵԴѾˡ
ǲѾ֪ˣԳɵĴ̱ڵϣվվ
Ҳ࣬վˡ
ԳɵĶ˵ҪȻܰɣ»һǶȥɱͷˡ
ԶԶԣȥʰԳɷǽ׼طȥʰ
ôʱү˲٣ÿһͷãһ᲻ö£ߣҪǴߣʰܾãطȥʰ
ȴסɣôһӣŶӵȥʱ͹ˣȥҲȥ
ô죿űɱͷ𣿡ԳɱڵϺޡ
ĸǿװķϲһϳ½ǫ½ǫôˣϸֿʱǸСӤʮı仯̫ˣϿ϶ϲ
ûϳΪʲôɱǰѴӸˣʲû½ǫȫȫβͻȥˣôӣԳɱ߿ޱ¡
ٴȫ¶ĸСӣ£ҲСӷĲУϳΪʲôȥˣѵӦסڹͷ֮ǰϴǻʱû׼ȰһӶ˻ʹ֮׼ˣǳˡ
Գɵͷԣ˵Ķԣôļҵʱƾһ壬ǸŮ˵ķ϶Ķӡ
ϳ½ǫӦֱӰڹͷ˵һûԣ϶ûϳġ
ԳҲ֪ڰοԼڰοңһ仰ȥظ˺ö飬˵ĴԽ࣬¾ͳһ
ϵ಻ɳӵģǻ֪һƭǼ̫ĸȫˣǲߣôţ˶飬ûģһ¾ܲࡣ
ԣԣԳɴӵǸôôԲӦ䣡ʲô鶼Ҫ
ԼԼ˵ԼﻹǺµģһӶſˡ

ľս飬ʫڵ¸¡
½ǫ˵ҪڼϢһ죬ʲô
֪СɵСҪ߲аȫС
߱ΪջϾͻ½ǫ빬Ȼ͵뿪ӡ
ǵڶ첢ټ˴ȥһˡ
ٻ˴յˣҲûжԥһȥ
ңȸ˵յˣѾûˡ
ͷնʲôϸϸ˵һ顣
½ǫص˵ˣ˵ǰ׵ľͷŹôǮǣڻصϿ϶ϳ½ǫ
½ǫ˼϶Իʺ̬ȲǺܺá
Ϊ˰ͽʺĸ壬ϼеĳ谮˻ʺ
εҡͷϲҦͶҦǿȡᣬʧȥɣֻܱڹУҪŮ۸
Ϊûʺ󣬰еĳ谮ǸŮˣûüֵˣ
ϵ׺˶ˣ治ûϡ
ͣ̾½ǫߺܵ
һҾ嶯½ǫԭأǾ֮󣬷ִҶڹҲôΪġ
ҡͷӴһЩǺõģͼܺãԺҪԵҪ࣬ηηβĸӲס
½ǫԥҵǻϣ
һ㶣ȻΪʣ
ֻǺˡ½ǫ֮ǰԳɹةиףȴةӲǸˣټ׵Ļӿ϶һ㡣
ة಻ǣǾǻˣ
ʱˣȻ֪ˡ
ڣʱѾˡ½ǫδٸʵףΪ½ǫ뵽֤
ڹӼѧԳı˻ȥֻҪҸ˴һ£ʳԳڵݡ
½ǫѾµ˻ϾôżѯʻϸĹϵҪȥ˰ɡ
๫Ӧò뵽ϻɢǰɣ๫֪Ժᷢʲô϶ϵġ
߾ܸ½ǫ˵
һȥ½ǫ˵ҪҪȥȴǣߡ
½ǫȻϲߵ֣ߵֱС࣬Ҳ
ǰߴӲţʼ߾ͺܷ½ǫܾܲʱ뿪Ƶġ
˲Żؼң½ǫȥУЩȥ֮˷ƿƿԱߣżһõľɫ
½ǫҪ飬ȴ§ô飬·֮ǰҰͺˣЪ°ɡ
§ͷıϣһ֮ǰ˵˾С˾˵ҪҲˣ๫ỹҪưɣȥĸΪء
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


91 
Ū
ûǰ׼,½ǫ°ͣĻ´
´Σ´,߷ǳķ, ½ǫܾô, ĺˣҪʲô׼ΪʲôҪһδεľܾң
Ū㡣½ǫյ߶߸˵Ҳ, ๫ж󣬲׼ôУ´ȥЩرƷһ⡣
⻰˵, ½ǫ̵ᵽ½ǫ˵Ĵ󵽵ж
ս, һͺµЭ, ѵõһΣҲ, Ҫǲ, ҾͣҾͰȥ˯һˡ
ߡ½ǫĽ֣Э߲ûЭ˼, ֻð߱, ľźһ, ֻûһ
½ǫӴԽĵһͿƲסĵҪ, úϧľ
Ծʱʱ߸õ顣

ڶ߿½ǫ뿪ıӰ˵Ⱳӿܶ޷½ǫʲôˡ
֮ļ죬½˵Ҫȥӣ߶᲻ʲô£ĸ˵ȥ͸ȥ֮ǰհ̯ʱôбͷˡ
ʱ뿪׼һʰС
ֱ׵ĵų׸ı뷨
һʹʥּ½ңҲף֪ǶĹȶЩϽȥš
˵˶ֲܿģǳеĴټǶľս
Ҳ˶ȣϽ½ߡ
½֣ǫڼңʲô
Ҳ֣ϰµģæȥţ׽ﻹʥּͷһ˵Ļˡ
Ҫ½ǫϻȥ˰ɡ
Ҽ๫ղڼңٵʮܻ˵
Цҡͷǻϸʥּ
ҵģӻţϻּ½ǫ𣿣
˵Ǻ룬ֱӴ
ܻ֪½ǫϲܷߣҲ½ǫߣּһ˰ˣʡȥ鷳
Ҳһ½ǫڵʱʥּ
־壬ɫҰף֪ǰ͸뿪ģ̰ԼĶڲҲˡ
֮ˣ⼸ʱҲ͵ģʱ⣬ѾҸˣ̰̫ࡣ
ҵĹ½ּʥּȴһ
˵һɣͷ¶İ̯⣬ҪԷΪŮġ
Ȼ˵ʫвŻŬ
˵ʹһҾ¥ٴǿҪͷ¶ľڿǰ֣ȥӪ
һãȻ̧ͷףûˣ
ЦŶ˵ּл
߸ϽлһƬףǲǺҼ๫
׽Ȼ
ǻûУҼ๫Ȣһɣϲ̨棬๫ȢһλŮӣ̽ʡ
üϲܱ˵ļ£ǫʼˣԺĸλϣѡˡ
׾½ǫҦƢԸжԴ鶼֮ǰҦ˵ɷ򣬲ҺܰܰǸɷὫڳɷ֮κϣǸǻҲС
½ǫҦôƣ֮󣬾Ͳȥ࿴һۡ
οĺã½ǫҲûɻʼ£׶Ʋ½ǫ
׽һŵШͼߵͷǵШʦѧͽλòԶ¥ֵλãȥʲôʱҵһȥ
áµĺܣôû½ǫأҲûиͶƣһ¥
ȻҪͷ¶Ļ̶ͦģ߱ΪԼȴûûˡ
׽Ƕǰּ˵һҪ͵òҪ̫֪
֮ǰΪ½ǫ˴ӣ´ȥ֮󣬻ϵˡ
ҶΪϴףǻӣ̤˼ҵĲ˵أҲҪܵͷģϵ֤˰ڻеĵλжôҪ
Ƕкöд¸ʥϡ
֮ǰƫ½ǫðΣڸ;¥Ҳڣ֪˻룬׵Ҫñ֪͵¡
ߴʥּŵШð컺½ȥ׳ȥʱɱָղŵƺͶ̧ǰ˻Σôˣɵˣϸһ¥㻹ˣ
ǣƴҡͷȦúģ˵ģⶼ๫ĹͣҾմ๫Ĺ⡣
½Ȧ죬ݸһӣʥּúȥǫҲôǼңһҪúö飬ԺЧ͢Ϊϳ
ߵͷϽܻط䣬ʥּպá
պ֮ߵ˾ǰ¡
žеԼⱲӵϱӵͬһˣǿȴͬһˡ
ϱӵüţ͸һᵹù࣬ҲֱͦһֱŵģⱲӵüģ͸һɻõĸС
ǰ˵ʿԸıһ˵ĳ࣬ţٴվӣ뵽ϱӵԼڵԼ˶Աȣͬ٣ȴһѿһÿ
Լֲ๫ԸƣԼӣЩˡ
ǰ˵䲻ԳɣãԳ䲻ԳֻԺζĵƭӣ๫һָͷȲϡ
žɵЦø๫ֿˣҲˣһܼ๫ߣͺĹһӣǾͿƲס
ܳȥ½˵ǹȥ¥ɣ翪ҵҲæ
ͿĸвסˣԲŻôżȥӣ㿪ţҲ½һЩ
½ֿĵģ˿ǰΪСڳˣ߲Żѻ
ǲᰲο˵ģ⼸߳ȥӣҲ߳ȥɢɢģĿġ
ûˣ½Ҳ˿
½ߣ½һȥǼҾ¥
ԭΪһҶС¥Ǹģͦľ¥¥ǰˡ
Ҿ¥ԭҲǾһֺţϰĶǸģԺζģѼҲܹˣǼҵľ¥ڶϸȥˣӸˣܼҲûģģ˵ڶϱ˿ֽţȥҪˡ
¥ԭǸ˶ĳĳҸһЩľ¥ã׾ߡ
ߵضκã¥ǵɣͷΰҲľϣҪǣҾ¥ĳӸԭǩģ¥֮ǳҲһˡ
ͷ߬Ҿ¥طҲǳģ֮ǰ֮˵طڡ
룬߿Ҿ¥ӻƶңֱӿӪҵԭ붼Ƿǳɹ۵ġ
ǼӣѾ˹ˣֶȻǼɿˡ
Ȼû˵ЩƷطҲӦˣֻҪܻԭľ¥ǰôôˣϰҲطʲô
¿ͷž¥ĴţſźɣҪ¥ˣôһ¥
ǽȥɡ˷ܵСͨ죬Ҳ½ǰ˼֡
Ǵ˿վߵ½ǫһץ½ǫԭرQ²źã
л˵
½ǫ´λ
´λߣɡ
ߣ´ΰɣͻȻˡ
½ǫqwq
ǵһеʽУȵ½ǫʱǶҲ𲽡


92 

ȥѴŴ, ȴû
ŶĶ𣿡
뿪ȥô½סȽȥ, Ǹںͷ
½ô, һ, һȭܰ˸첲ۣϰߵǰ, ߻
߻ش½һƿ˴ţƿź󣬾ͼĶȫڣһû, һдɨĺۼ
ֵö̫ˣӺͷ, ͷų׺Ͳ, Ϊˡ
ǹȴſһһСѾͷһƯС
վһݸߵĳ, , ôûκεɱ
¹ǣ˭
ߴ½̽ͷѯǣ˭
ߵģҲŷ˼֣ŵСĳ, Ұ, һû, ҪԷ, ٵһӰɡ
ˣǲԷĿˡߴӻͳǵˣ߿ĳ𣿡
˵ϰ壬ܾȡ
Ǵû˵˭ҵĸ¥ģģܿһôľ¥ӶЩӡ
Ҿ¥ڱǰһҵİܼ֮ǰѾ˿ˡ
ӵүүӣǵүүǩӹģϰȴˣѰطڸˣǵ׶һԴǵĵҲӣִһӡ
ûǸܼӣǵһһҲһĵӡ
Ծ¥֮ûгߣǼҪػǰﵱԼļҡ
Ҳιһϰþ¥ָʢʱڵӣǿ֮ĵһӾͳȥˡ
Ǿã߳ôÿӦĸٻǻʼĳλӡүңҾ¥Щ͸ġ
ʱĵλͣҲֻʵȢŵ˲ŻȢЩȨȻǲȢһˣõҲֻһңһֻ䵱˵
ԾλʦΪūˣʶƲϸûһǵϰ塣
߻ӵһ¥ϲõУûע⵽ı顣
ȥιһ°ɡȲȥ½̫ðʧˡ
½Ҳ뿴Ϥһơ
ʦΪ½ߵ˲ƲҲƲֻȴкŮˡ
Ǿã½ĳк¥ĸӱǱҪģ׵ҲѶȻĸԼĶӡ
Ͼٶ棬ҲǲֵǮġ
Ҳʵкֻû취ˣ¥
ãʹȥιۡʦֵ粻ôԸǵܱܵȽϻ湦͵͵ø첲ײײ磬ø粻Ҫڳɫ
ôƲǵҲߵͷأСۣһ˳ۣɱˣǶֻܷ
鲻Ըı飬ŵܵһǴ·
¥һ㣬һʮǰᣬһĵӣװ޵ĺ£ÿ䶼˲ͬķװޡ
û֮ǰ˲ϲʫÿǽ϶˴ҵʫ䡣
߿Щױʫ䣬شչȥĦ֮ǰ˵ʫǺʫɸЩ˱ࡣ
ҲŲιˣÿżǽϹŵЩʫϸϸؿϼ顣
ֵܿ˷ʱ䣬Ǳģһ𣿾װ
ǲţͿߴӻóһӣһֻ̿ʡ
̿Ƿģ֮ǰ½ǫ֧ǻϰдµʱ򶼱ȽϷ㣬Ҳ÷˸µСӣ˵ʲôʱˣֱóӼá
ǰȷʵֹлȥֽʼʱ˵Դ๫СҲˡ
첻ͻȻˣЩʫժһݣϻȥϸϸƷ
ֵܼ߾ȻĻд֣㾪°͡
ǲľ°ͣǾþߵҲ̫ԼҸǮˡ
ֻдֵĸһζɵʲôĸĸһЩ
߻᲻ϰ֣λҲ߿һֻۣǸӹˡ
½Ա߿д֣ߺϲ
ʼ߸ռ޽½ҵʱ½ߵ̬ȿֻܸСèСƵģ߸ɻֻҪڶߣöӲһȥΣյĵطҪöӹµС
ɺʱߵ̬Ҳˣ߾ͺһӡ
Դʱĸоͺ񵱳ոռ½ǫʱ͸һӣִ͸һúӡ
úԽԽãҲŸˡ
߿ٽЩʫʳ꣬˲ʱ
ȫ꣬ĽŻͷҶڵ
˼ץץͷǾõˣȥ㿴ɡ
Ӵ㣬ǲͬӡ
мճһƬǿЬ̤Ĳ֣Сš
ÿӺӼ䶼ɴ
ûֲ֣ʣмճôһƬطʲôģ
ֵ߽ͣмλһ㶼Ǳݸ裬õġ
֮ǰЩ輧ǵĹ߸ԭƹĴӸ³ģÿ϶бݡ
½ҡͷԷͳԷô໨ڵʲôƬطԺǿɲŪЩ
ü֮ǰ๫ȥǮD¥ԶǱҲһЩģĹﳤĺÿҲֻܺЩ̫ˣеĿ˻˵Щ绰߶ֶŵġ
߿ŷǳʣǴǮDڣǮDͰǶȥˣ֪ԼڵʱǮDǲ¡
뵽ǮDľ¥ԷʱûпŮͻǸҲʹǮDǮD˵һŮȥ¥ԷҪţһҪɴרȥԣȻгײˣӰ
ͨ˼ҵŮǲóŴɴô鷳ǼҲǮȥ¥Է
ݵͼǮҲ޹أȥ¥ԶĻˡ
Щ֮ܣҲ֪ԼΪ䡣
Ҫ¥ˣ๫֮ǰ˵Ժ󿪵ˣ̡׷ۡбɳ
๫˵˺öණԹļˣûԹļǲ֣Ҳ֪ܺóԡ
ôóԵģֻӿĳԣǸŮȴʱԵ뵽Щ;òƽ
Ӽü²ߴùˣ˵ЩŻߣеĿԼ˹ЩҲһЩֵطŮӻ߸Ҳ֪Щ˲Ӿͺһڡ
⻰˺ð࣬Щ˲ŸŮ˾ʫˣԼһ˴ŵʱʫ
ͻȻԹЩʳЩ˳ˡ
½ߵɫãҲͦģʦ˵Ժǿ⣬ɲЩH£˭Ҵ˹ҾͰ˴ȥ
Щѵ˵ⲻðɣϿͶӰⰡ
̾˿ˣЩԺ˵ͷиԺǲǣǱǳȥ
һȦһӦȫͦ⣬мСӣ˵ʦͽܣҲġ
СͦСģ˵⼸СԭͦģЩ£ˣͱõСˡ
ûЩǶʲô֡
Ӹ󣬵ܵܽԭҵգǷǳ߻Ǹԣһգ̫ˣūͣҲԸա
ЩСӾûˣĽСһȻһŹȥСССġСߡ
߾Щ̫ˣһ߸ȡ֣Ҳ̫ˣ⼸Ժ󻹰򣬸ҷ½ˡ
ǼҲӣæͷ˵ǣ
û뵽߻зˣ
תһ־òԣһĻ˽з治Ҫ档
תһȦöˣȻȥߵſڣſڵңֵûһ
½Ҳӵûǰˮãû֣ȻױӰ졣
⻰Щżϴģɲ˸ģϹ˿Ƕϵˡ
˭ϣ½ûô¥ôţ
иˣ᲻øģҪǸ֣ǾͲˡ
ͲˡӵԼҵľ¥ֻıøãȥͷɣм
ЩżΪ¥ǳǵġ
Ȼ˵Ҫˣⲻ˷
ȻǸʶǳλǵĴãȻ
ãǾˣԺȥ˸ô죡
˵ŷ½˳Ҳȥ
ɡ½顣
¿ãߺһڼ½Ϊ뻻ˡ
ǲãǵûʥּ˵㲻Ҫͷ¶棬㿴ϣжơ½ߵԼԣǱŵţסЩͶĿ⡣
ƣȻö˵䡣
˸ǵһ˵ĳƺţȻ֪Ķƣһ
߼״סԼ
ŶҪô˿Ժ˾¥ñ˿ҲˣһҪɧô죿
ǮDľ¥ǼŮӱɧŵ񻹺ء
ѲԺĵõĻȥˡ
ص֮߾Ϳʼ¥ֵˡ
һֺͶҪúóһʱ䣬һξ͵½ǫӡ
½ǫûмŻؼңȥһЩ֮ҪõĶ
ҪһȻÿǱе飬Ϊ˲ŪߣҪ˳£ҪһЩƷ
ȥһЩ˳õĸ״ƷиζģŨҵģŵģдЧģָۻҡ
Щļ۸ҲһļʮһСƿ˵ҲмǮӵġ
½ǫȻҪѡģƿʮģȥԣǺãԺԶһЩ
صУһžͻῴߣǽţȴûߵӰ
½֪֮ԭǰʱһ¥鷿¥ء
½֪¥ͦ½߸ߵļ۸˵ôһ¥ûһ²ǼӺǵҲǳֵǮ
һ֣½ǫ˵ϲԭ׵ˡ


93 

½ǫƿ鷿, ͿС鰸ǰ鰸϶ѷһֽţ߹ȥƣд֡
ˣ߿һֻϵһֽ, Żع, תͷ๫
๫, ĻǺܼأƽʱҪ
½ǫ, ǰûؼҶѣߣȴǾһ
ΪҪɱ½ǫȢŹŮӡ
ΪҲ½ǫˡ
תס½ǫ, Ȼʲôδ˵, ȴһֻճ˵Сè½ǫĻȥġ
½ǫ˱, סƨɣӵưǷﱧ
鷿һһ, þԺӾܻط䡣
û뵽һҪԼȥ, ŵҪʲô
߲һֱҪСô½ǫѸղ˰ʾ
!ȴ½ǫŵ˴ϣЬࡣ
ڴϣŲϿ½ǫ, ̧÷۵ĽƲ½ǫļͷ, ,㲻Ҫ, ڲˡ
ϴܾ㣬ǲˣ½ǫסĽţ۵ǰҲ㣬Ժÿòã
á߱߳ܵ˸ϴϴΣβˡ
Ҵߣ׼ȫˣ֤پܾˡ½ǫΪڸƢŹ˵ģֻҪ֪ģǺƭӦ
ӻó°ɫСƿݸ߿ոģûƭ㡣
ʲô߽ӹһƿ򿪿Ǹ״һ»ġ
ȻҪõĶ½ǫյ˵
ӵһߣ㣬ⶫʲô
ǵϣ½ǫߵС̫ûˣ̫СˣԵúļ
ҲҪ߰Сƿ½ǫͷⶫӵ
ȷʮһƿ½ǫ˵˼۸񣬹Ȼ۵ı顣
๫Ҳ̫ܼˡ۵ĿСƿӣⶫֵһ
ŲоʹŲˡ½ǫ۵ĽСɱڻ֮ǰҲֱͬûⶫۡ
๫ȻΪۣһӣ
ǣ֮ǰڴҲû˵ⶫߺʣרŸõĶ㲻ǹҵİɣ
ǣ֮ǰûģǵطĶ࣬ⶫɿãŮˡ˶á½ǫȻиĴڣкܶ˻ǸԸøǴˣ
򣿡֮뵽˾Ǯʵ̫ˣƤʮһ룬ÿ춼ȥ룬ҪǷŵǴϼֱǲģҪ˭ˣ˭϶ᱻΧۣɵӵġ
ǮD¥ʮһƤҲÿ챻򣬶ԱʮҲ㲻ʲôˡ
Ϊ˸ǲۣͻôǮټġ
֮ǰڴҲɵΪֻر˼ҲŻȢɣЩɻӶ̫ù
ԲůÿոػֳʳǮԼһǮòȫҪϽˣǸһڷԣ;ǶԸǵĶˣҪ˵²¸ˡ
ǵ֮ǰһݣһһȳһյĿųͷȥöЦǸЩΪʲôЦЩ˽˵Ǹˡ
ǵĻû˵꣬߻ΪǸǱģͬһӡ
½ǫ˵»ۣ뵽һȳһյĸѵ»۵·߲ã
˲ܾ֣СĶĿԲֻǼʹɡ
ϽСͷȥȲҪˣҪæ¥飬Ⱦ¥֮Ҫæһӣȹһӣ˵ɡ
֪½ǫѵ£ھܾˣһξͲ֪ҪȵһˣǺ£еĿ־һ
½ǫ˵ҲҵҪŪһҪԣҪ¥˭ܺӣ
ߵľ¥ҵˣⲽˣҲϹˣѾտ֮ӡ
ȻһһξУһһξͻء
½ǫɵԣߣھ¥ʲô뷨
๫֮ǰ˵ЩˣǼҵľ¥ֻԼҵĶô½ǫ
½ǫͷԣҪԼҵɫ뷨ܶԣء
оǡԥ˺þã˵Ļ˵ˣ˵п˴һЩ³ϵŮӽԷǻС裬ᶯֶţһɣǲʺϿЩң˻ȥ͵ң¾¥֮󣬻ˡ
½ǫһյӣǲѾ˽İ취ֻǲ˵ûϵľ¥ôԡﲻȱԴǮ
ǡ߾Լ뷨̫ˣ֪๫᲻Ц๫Ѿ˵ˣҲܽ๫ΰ׷ѣ룬רſһֻдŮӺ͸ľ¥дӡ
뷨ʱſڹһӣдӲ׼ڡ½ǫͷߣҿҲ˰ɡ
๫ȻܽȻϰ嶼ƻ˹أôסءҡҡͷ뷨̫뻯ˣ˼ҵСٻᵥ޵ĸҲŷһţԼŵĻ̫ˣҵжɡ
ڿг½ǫߣȷƽʱȥлͨĽֵмܶȽŲõ˻ä𣿡
߻һ£·߿ܻżһȽŲȳ·ġ
ȶȳ˵һûä˳·ǸϹ֮⣬Ҳûмäˣϸ˵Ƚŷ˽ȥᱻ˵ЩȽŲãˡ
㿴ǣǾͲֻǳŲ㣬ֻܴڼǸǣиطԽǣһרǵļУǱ߲ײǣ˹Цǣǿͨһ㣬ǻ᲻½ǫʡ
ңҿ϶ᡣ룬๫˵Ů˺͸֮Բȥ¥ԷΪ㣬Ƿˣͻˣ
½ǫ룬жŮˡȫҲֻһҾ¥ǿǷԶ±ɧŵģЩ˶ԷץסƬհг˶飬׬˶׬˵Ǯ
ԽԽ˷ܣŵĲУоǾ׸ˡ


94 
׼
ɺܿ־뷨,⼸쿴֮ǰҾ¥Ĳ˵۸ҲرĹ󣬱˵ĲʮһϰǧĲ, ͨҲż߸һ»ʳ
Ů˺͸ǲ, ûԼĻ, ǮҲҪΪ˼ͥΪ˻ߺӻ, ΪԼĿڸ֮ѡ
½ǫ߷ĺܶԣʱŮ˺͸ѱǾΪԼܶǮһֲԵ飬С
߿ʲô֮ģҲŮ, ǻٶǮҲС
δŮ˴ΪȡԼɷ⽨Ů˲һ, ƯΪȡ÷, İʱŮ˵ıƷûзİ, ûС
֪һ, һǼ޴ˣһŻûзİڼ˶, ᱻ˲һš
һЩŮӻΪԼܶ໨Ǯ, Ҳкܶ, Щ֧Ҿ¥ӯ
ҪԿ, 취ܱѶࡣ½ǫߴͷɥ⣬ʵЩСǣйٷҲҪ罻ۻĳأŪôһط׬ǮԽʵٵ
ԭŮ˺͸ͨ¥õĻ᲻ᱻɧţЩͨ¥ǲŮӺ͸¥ǲ
ɰ½ǫ˵ģͺһζ
ʱ㲻̫࣬ȻΣա½ǫͬߵ뷨ڵ̫Сһ粽̫ҪǱĬı䡣
׼ìǲ׸ıģغ˵棬Щ˵棬ֲ㣬ͻ⵽˵Ĵѹɥ
ȦŮǵ⣬˵ģһЩߴҪ鷳ΣգԺˣٳгͨ˼ҵĸŮǵ⡣
ҵ֮ǰ߻Ҫ׼£ˣȻпͲ׼ڣôСҪøŮǡ
½ǫ˵Ҫ뱣ȻҪȥ˾ŵŮ;Ͳˡ
½ǫĽбΪոǿ˲УʱĸŮʵ̫ˡ
½ǫд˸йĸʾ˾¥ſڡ
дŮɺ͸СлԺʲôҪˣдֻҪɣְͳһѵƤ
֮һȺ˹ΧۣʱŮձ٣Χ˴󲿷ˡ
˵ˣⲻʲôҪĿ¥ɣ
ȺﴫһЦ˵࣬һӣź½һæſڡ
ǿ˴Ǯ˸ֽʵִģҲǳĿ
ֻдŮֹͣ
⼸ֻ½ǫдģ˵дİ׻һЩôҶĶ
ֻдŮͣˡ
׬ǮǿŴʲôŮ˵¥Զģ
ֻŮ˽ȥ˲ܸȥΣհɣ
ôŪøƵģѵҪŪŮá
Ȼڵ洫˽һЩ˼ԼŮ˽Σա
һ˵ֲ׬ǮûлǮʸ񣬸һЩ˼ҾÿӻؼңóԶ
ԼЩùˣ֮ǰ๫۵ʱ⣬ͨ˼ҵŮ˺͸ûǮǮ˼ҵķֱţ
ùģҪĳɿͨľ¥ʱͷһ
ƿһŷ⿴м׳׷ʮŮܣǼ׳ͷһĻ֦չںͷ׷źСץסȥúʰһ٣
Ů׷һȺ׳Χס
Ϊһ亹ΪҪץȥˣȻͿŮֽýݵĶһ߷ڵأȻǾͿ߿ŵһŷ죬ƵĻ
ż׳ӵ׷ѸٵİŸˡ
Ǽƴţ߸ŵĹǺ
½ںԺ׼ֵСأ⶯ܹųͷƿŰЩ˸ƳȥüԶҰôӡ
½ȻʹһЩǴȵı»û˲ġ
Щ˱½Ƹˣ˼𱿴½ǵӣټô˿֣һٰѲߵ۸ͿİϽ˽ˣҲ鷳ģҾҵ˸ȥ
ǲȥһϵһˤˣŴƬԼĲϣھ㿴
һֱƬԼˣ߸ŵõһõĺӡ
˻ȥֵطĥ̫ˣֶ֮ġ
ǿǣ书ſڵͦߵſڣվ½Ǹ𱣬Ǯ
ǸƵģͷܣһˣһҪѰ̼
ǿдȥҲû취ǵ׬ǮСϿһʡ
һָһһ
̫ˣ˸ϳȥ߶Ե½
½ȥһѪܵģһҲѪۣ½̾ҪĨӡ
״˵Ҫˣȥ
ʱ򲹳˾䣬ˣӰ⣬һǧ
һǧˣû뵽߱ˣϽ˵Ǿһ򣬲ÿҰץ
ʮһǸ˵Ķô࣬㿴Ű졣ȥˣ۵Ѿˡ
½ۣòãⶼ˿ˣˣ㣬ߡ
½һ˵ʮҲˣǻ书Լ۱ȸߣͨѾ߻Ҫ߰һأһʮܻ㡣
½һۣҶӹ󣬿ǰߣǵĵطԺʲôɲ˶
⻰ˣ½̫ˣǂz¥½пܳǮֻ˵ʮٵˣǵ
ãɽʮק˹
֮½⣬ѹӵġ
ҲԸ˶˵߸ǾǸɷģұСһǸĵĻˣ˵Լ͡
½ͷҲԣԺٸ
С֪Լþˣæ¸߿ͷ
һ߸жһ˵ԼԭǾһݹŮһٵĶӿˣȥС檣ǲ⣬Ǵپݺһң׺ҵŮ춼¥ѾܳüˣٱץȥͲˣ߽ȡ
߸Ͻֽ½ҵֹѪҩǸȷϣҲǰ׾ǣΪǿŵġ
Ƕ˿ţŮӣôܡСѾͷɫһףҲˣճѨ˰ɡ
ҡͷˣ뵽๫˵Ĵ󵨵ʵڲٸĳͨľ¥ͰԼ¥ֻдŮ˺͸뷨˵ˡ
Ƕ۾һΪӳҲû취Լͷҷݹ̫ˣǲó壬ܰԼѧ书ϣܿġ
ҲϵĶԭһ¥׬Ǯһ½ǫ׬ǮӣרĶ鿼״ԪϵҲй⡣
˭֪߾Ȼ˵ֻŮͣ׬ʲôǮ뵽Ҧ
Ҧڣ϶ͬߵ뷨ɣû׼ҪȥͲͣմ֣Ҧ˵Ů˻ĲƽôϽȥ¥Էô鷳רŮ˳Էľ¥ͺˡ
߾ȻˣͺҦ˵һ㣬лȥһߡ
ϵЩŮУҲϲΪģΪĸˣҦ꣬϶ԴԴҦһ
ȻֻҦ꣬ĳЩطҦƢ񣬸˵Ҫһ¥϶Ȥϰһѡ


95 
й
Ůӵ, з壬ýк壬кӵ֡
Ժ½¥Ժм, һס, һǼСס, ʣ䣬ǵӲ, һ񷿺䣬Ž˰ԺһΪ˶ǽǽǱкסģǽǸŮס, һŮᣬһ, ò㡣
⼸Ĳ, Ů͸˵ֻдŮͺ͸, һ, ˵Ů˾͸ôڼүǵ顣
ǾǲΪŮ˺͸Ƿġ
һ£һʮϻ˵ŮǵŮ𣿰ס
߿Ǳ, ӷ߱˼ܳū, 
Ů˽дϼ, Һ, ֲȫ˷ϴ·׬Ǯˡ
ǳɻ꣬һֱûлϺӣĸӣͰһ˼ˣǮȢµš
źͺӶ˵ĸƷ
ϼ֮һɷɻˣɷ˵ɨǣ˳ڽ˺ü죬·Ůԥ˺ü죬ŸҹӦƸ
ԣв𣿸ȥ
߾ȽηʺСȥвʲôġ
๫˵ҪǩӸЩͱȽϷѹˣҪ֡
в˶ãǾȥۣ̹˻ǵһСѾ߲УũֲָڻᱻЩŮ
ߴһŮ˽˺õлƹϺ˿ôŮ˽¥ĺùĵһ谡
ھ¥ߵģô֣Ҳûа취ֹ
߿в˺䣬ĵͷԣ£һһǮӣȹڣͶǮһ£סڵͷ㿴о
ڻ๫˵ģҪ˹̬ȺòãҪ˵ƷΣҪ֮塣
һҪǩͬй¶䷽ȻҪ⳥
ϼ˵ڣУҪߣβͣºˣûеطסǲöˡ
սսʲô
ҪţֻҪúøɣ͵й¶˵䷽
̱֤һúøɣ⣬ҲûеطȥҪǲҪңҵö
߰쵽Ժסһ
һ̣ͨ˯߸ˣ֮ǰ˱һЩƷ˴ϼ
ϼܸмҪ߹£Ҫ˼췹һЩ˵ķˣҲҪһȺؤ˻Ҫ˴򣬲зסзԣвˣá
ȻǮЩҲûлһܶӣǰ붼롣
̾߹£߸ˣҪҵĹǮҲҪͶǻ㲻лҡ
Ů˶Ҳˣ߸˴򣬸һ˿ڡ
½˵£˵ߣأ
Ȼ˵ͷҲôϼ뵽ԼҲǼ޸һڴס˽ŸȻͱŻߴϼˡ
½˶ܺã˵ߴһԼֹһλǣи˸һڷԣǾͺˡ
죬һҲͦɷʱȢǮˣݺ˸ϳš
߿ͬǸ뵽ϱӵԼҲȥвˡ
СӣΪĸ׻ʱ򰮳ӣһﶼӣöû֣һš
¸ɾںԺڳһ䷿ס¡
ӱȽ󣬲˵ʲôмĻֻľګ˵Լúøɣľûˡ
Ȼôó˵Ǹɾɺ£ȥǰɨڿĺܡ
⼸ĸˣһ㶼ûҪ˵˼ѵ˵治ں
ҲãǾҪʲôʱ򵹱գƳŲһֻ꣬Ҫһ̣һȥˣ߰Ѿ¥ˣǻңͲһֵˡ
½ǫӹӼֱ¥ȥˡ
¥ûпţ߳ĲУ½ǫĵĽǶ˵½ǫ
ǿͨľ¥ǲѾҵˣ๫ǲҲˣ߲ŵ½ǫ
Ǳ˶ģʲô˼ġ½ǫ룬￪һͨӣԼ뷨¥
¥ȥͨԡԼ˷¥
ǿͨӣЩŮǻȥǾ¥ͨѲֻǮ˵⣬ֻܿ½ǫһֱʼһ˶ϵʼһ㣬Ƥһֱᶨվ֧
ߺòһҪȥʱֹߣҪվ
в룬Щ˵ˡÿ춼ŷֲķͽԼһϲµ״̬
ЩӲģǽй⡣½ǫ˵
½ȥ˺
Ȼ˵ǲ˻˵һͻġ
ʱںˣ½ǣ˵үǹȥ
½磬ү˭
½ԴʱһֱСүүٷ˵๫
ô˵Ͷˣ֮ǰ½һֱ߽ٷˣǸү߿е๫
һԼݣܹ˽๫Цˡ
ǴӺ½ǫĸߴ󣬿ǵӣҲ˶ʱǹɲм̬ȡ
룬½ǫ϶ˣ֪ں֣Թֹ߼ȥ
û׼½ǫȰˣû׼Ҫǵ˵һ٣ȰʵʵĻء
룬˿һЩ
ţ½ǫ˵Ҿ¥ԺֻдŮͣҲˣ綼˰ɣǰ˵һ
ôҲû뵽½ǫ˵˲ˣȻգﶼ㡣
ǶҾ¥иˣԴԼļһס﹤ǲŻаȫУǰȥĵطǿ϶᲻Ӧ
ұ֮ٻûлˡ
½ǫ̬ȲǼٻǳˣҲʶˣǵ½ǫͷ߬أΪվΪҲҶżˡ
˸ϽµǸҪߣںǰ棬ײ˿ˣԺһúˡ
½ǫüȷ
ȷ˵Ķġֵܶţû׼ܳŵߵյһ죬ﻻˣǾܼˣαһʱ֮ء
߾Ҿ¥ҪԼĲ˵ҲҪ˷ѣǰЩҲϣһЩƷ˵ѡҲһЩ
һֱ˵һ¥֣ſڵһժɣԺǿԼԼʹǰŻȥɡ


96 
ߣ
û뵽߻ǿӸ, ˵ԺǾͿԼ͡
ʵҾ¥ֵǮĳ˾¥ˣξӵ, һҪ, ں, ɵ
ʵǾãԼԺƻǻҪ, ԭľ¥ᱻʱ̭ĻԽԽʢ
ԭÿ춼ŷǷŸ๫һ֮־òܹһֱ๫Ҫ, Ѷܷ
ȻɵҲһ˿˿ĸж, ŵú, ߵĺİ׷ѡ
߻ŵÿ¶Ǯ¥ͨ׼
ǰū, , ҲǮֻǳԺȣжҸʹ͵ġ
˵ǵĵүүȢޣҲʹ͵ģǵһ, Ϊҳ˸ܼ, ÿΪǸܼ, ûпȥǵ, ʮҲûȢš
ǿԼ׬ǮˣܲǮҲȢţͷˡ
һ½ǫûţһ¾¥Ĳֿ֣һ˵ĵطһǼɫ˵ĵطȻҪƷĵط
½ǫ˵Ʒ̲衢̲֭ⶫ߾ȣǲռֻǱ߿Ժȵ
ֻǱߺȵĴԭζĻǼЩͺ춹ģ½ǫ̸ǡ
ͦɹ߰ζһ˾ͺ󱭡
½ǫְ̧մŵĭ˳ָĺۼСè
๫Ķ̫óˣ߶Ĵָ˵ȫĳӣҪҿ๫ȫĳʦ
Բԣ๫ﶼʵĿޡ
ﶼ½ǫ˳§ߵϸ˵˵
˲˵ʲô˼ˣ̧½ǫ˵Ҳ
ߵĵ̣½ǫչȥߵһڣԺȿҵˣҾͲˣᣬý³
ʲô³߰ƣĸǻؼҳԷأ㲻Ҫʲôɣ
½ǫģԴһ£ҾͣҾͰסһסˡ
һйȻ½ǫܹã½ǫûɿǴչȥСС֣ǳһ£ȵ˻ؼ֮ٳ͡
ҵĳˣ˵ȴûջ֣ɱ½ǫţס
Ҳϲ½ǫܵĽӴֻ治˼ԲŻ˵ܵĻԼеС¹ײ
ʱӹҪҪ׼ˣͰǵһݸˡ
ӻûŵϰߣһƳţ͸ûŵıҪˡ
ǣƿŽǵʱÿ½ǫߵǱܵš
֮ǰûбҸϳʱǰϲŮ˲ϲΪֻȢ
Ȣ֮󣬷ÿնÿ˵һЩĻȡЦ
Χļ֮Ҳʱǵһμ˶Ը㰮ġ
˳ȥϽţĽߣʼߣΪ֪߳Ưֵá
Ѹٵƿ½ǫͷ˵
ΪˣҪߣŵȷ̵Žȥģ˵ԼԺ󲻻ððʧʧˣͱȥﻹһ̲衣
òúȡԼúúȣ๫˵Ҽ˳ǲÿ˶ܽܡ
Ӷζһζǳһڣ̸ǵܵĿڸУ˿͸ζζоԼҪƮˡ
úȣԭľګ˫۶ŷˡ
ѴҶйһ𳢳½ǫ˵
ãȥķ±ӣ˶йˡ
˵߽ǹȥΪʲô²ƷˣЩмһʲôö
½ǫģ־½ǫһˣֲǳӣΧŹ̨ת̫ˡ
鲻ԸĴżСѧͽһȥȥˡ
ϼǽ߽ǣΪҪʲô£æ˹
˶ˣһװһȡ
½ǫȣñöһ̲豭ˣҪܡ
ֻûϣҲƲϣǿմɵģŪľһЩ
ʱǺȵĶһζζģҲʲôö
ǳһڷ׷ǰһڸкζǳʣǴδȹģû뵽½ǫе㶫
ǼСӹ˹˵ȫˣֱͣúȣ
ϼǰҲûгԹöһζ˿˿ģ֪֪ǣĶϵá
ӡǷǳصĶǰǼҹųһΣ˲ܺˮ
ûķݣֻĸȻҲ׬Ǯ׬ǮȫҪϽĸ๫Ǯֲܵͷϡ
Ǹң׬ǮԼˣҲͨˣͣûԸȢзҲ޺ӣ׬ǮҲûô׬پͻ١
úȣϼ̾˵ⶫ϶ܹɣԺ׬ǮÿǮҲҪһȡ
ȹҽϰʱǶԼȣȵǿҵһ죬Ҳˡ߸ղŸ½ǫѧԺ϶ǰƤΪԻҪӺʹϼ
ϼû뵽߻ս̸ǣ˼ҶܵĶ߾Ȼ˵̸Ǿͽˣ
м߹£ȴ˵ŵùǣܹˣԺ̤̤ʵʵ﹤֤ǲܿˣֻǲҪѧ˾ȥ˼Ҿ¥ɾС
˶ܹ˵Ŀ࣬˵ģǲߵģǵϰ壬ȹǵ¥ϰ϶ƲŮˣǾڹȥҲֻͷ͵գǲôˡ
ϲ˼ת䣬û뵽ĵͦ׵ġ
һԵ˵˼뵥ô˵̸˾ͽˣ
˺üͽܣڻûʽʼǷأԺ϶ҪŽ̸Լĺӵġ
Ǽøã˵̲費̫úȣߵĻԣⶫ̫ˣһȥɡ
ߴûǣ˵Ҳûô⣬һҸ๫ˣҪǰǺȫǣʱտ˵Ŀζͺˡ
½ǫߵ˵ɫˣǻȥɣϰ岻ͲҪ๫ˡ
˵˵ֻ½ǫһȥˡ
֮ļ죬˼Ů˺͸˵֮ǰ˴ϼӣҲ
ѡһ£ЩݣɻľûҪƢദҲûҪǾ¥ˡ
¥д˵ЩĿһ۴⣬ͿһλӢˬĺŮͣҾ¥ſ
̧ͷ߶һۣߣǸǵһˣСģǱ־
߱˽еһˣˢĺˡ


97 
ʲôģ
߲֪˭, ھŮӿûŮӱضǸ
ҲҵֻǴƵģ, ϽҪ¥, ŮѾ¥
Ůһ, ͿϷŵĲ˵
߹ȥ˵һûмĲ, ۾׻Ǻ͵ʲôɡƤ⡢ǺƤ±ʲô±Ҷһݳ
ǵ껹δҵȻ˵ǽ½ȥ˵һ̲, ̸ǵģȻƤɡ¯û, ๫˵ܻٽͱƤ±
ƤͳԹ, Ҳóԣһ, ̲Ҳȹ, ̸ǺơŮʣ¯ûãⱬ׻ҲҪ𣿡
׻ڵءҲ֪׻Ǻ๫صĸ˵׻ڵأճٳԡ
ôö, Ϊʲôûţֲ𣿡Ů߶档
ϴһɹ, ͨŹŮ, ѵǹ
, Է˵˽ܣǵҲ󽫾ӡ
ǻ۰ŮС㲻Ůǰ㱻ʲôȥʺ˵һûأѵ⣬̫˵˾Ůӣ˻ʼҵ棬ϴӴ֮Ҳȥ̫밲õı϶ʹ͸˶˵ԣͲסϳ谮
ǰлϳţ˶˵㽾ݣʹǹҲԸȢ
ǰǸͬʱ״Ԫ˶Թһģ˵ҪȢ
Ҷֹ䲻Ͽ϶˵زˣɻȴ״Ԫ˵ƽϢߵս£õзͷ­Ƹ
ǸˣϷһ󽫾ɻԹǰٰ谮
ΪежΪսȨŹŮȴĵ͵͵Ľ
һֱΪŮ˲ģϵŮӺ͸Ը֮£־ޱȼįûиһ뷨ˡ
˵ҪһֻøŮ˽ѵľ¥úȤҵ֪һ㣬͹ˡ
֮󿴵ÿϲֻôſڱտ๫΢Щϲ
ǲϲҲֻʱģΪҾ¥Լ뿪ģ๫˵뷨
ǹ˵ԼȻûв´ûһ˾η£Ǵ󷽷ĸ͡
뷨Լģ֮ǰȥ¥Էֻܸ๫һҿһЩŵӣвʣ룬Ʒвˡ
ȴҪŮӺ͸رܣ׼ȥ¥Էƾʲôֻ˿ܣҲרſһ޷ľ¥Ůɺ͸ʳһ˵ô࣬ͮͮģһ̲סԼ뷨˵ˡ
˵֮Щˣûи׹ΪʲôģһŶء
ǰǲŵ˴ӣǴӵãһ籨أ
Щ£˵ղЩġ
·𿴳ߵĵǣ˵֮ǰǺʹӵĹڣҾúˬΪҵĸǱʺģʺĶӾҵĳˣҵĸ磬ȫõЩ
˵䣬̲ѾˣƤҲ͹ˡ
СںЩأԶҲСǰССڵģƤĲǮǱ߳ԵĻҪҪǱ߷̫Сˡ
ߵûȥǮDǱ߳Թ˵ǮD壬û˽ȥԷȥ¥ƤȻһ㡣
Ҳܵϵ⣬˵ҪôһҾ¥ԹԷġ
ϧֲ㣬ҵ֪ҪʱĸѾӶһʳ̣׼ʱר̣ѾǼСɹȥˡ
ԭѧͽ̫ˣôʱˣϴ˵Ļв˶á
½˵ǹȥæʱ¶м˵ͽǿ϶ȥǱ߰һŮ˹˭֪ͽ붼û룬ֱӾȥ½Ǳߡ
ǰ˵ȥˣͱʦˡ
ҲСˣһ뵽֪ʱܿҵľ¥Լ֪ʲôʱܽյʦȥ½Ǳ߹һ»һǮӵǮʵڡ
ѧͽûйǮҪʦֿԹˡ
½мҪҵˣʲôʱҵûӰأҡ
е̫ˣҴŮӸʶֻ֣д˸ʾе˸ôҹдһ¶Ǯ̫ˡ
һӣʮһ£Ǯҳ͵Ͷʡ
ʮȻ˵ǻ̫ˣ֮ǰ̯һۻҲ׬ʮ
ȥҼڸȥһ֤еˡϽҵҪ˵дĶ
ҲһЩ뷨ҪһҿøŮӲܽĵ꣬ǰ뷨Ŵ󣬸ŮӹŮӺ͸ǮλߣܴӸϽŮӲȥѵѡ
˵߻ͷһʱˣ˼ѳѳʱĿܣֻòƽ
Ծ뵽ôһŮ˺͸ܽĵ꣬˵뷨ȴһ㶼ûС
Ļֱéٿޣֻôһҵ꣬ĹҲޡ
۹ųԶһЩǲҪŮ˺͸ѧһܣҪŮ˺͸ѧһ׬ǮֻжˣƽȡЩ뷨һֱûȥ
һԼһˣûԸվһߣǹҲ뷨̫뾭ѵԸһ
ĸʱϿǺܳʲôʵҲǰһ˼ĳƵĳţЩ뷨˵ʿ϶Ҫˡ
ģҲֻǷǸϴ֣ЩϵĹͨ
ߣԸһһҵޣǱĬĸıһЩ״Ҳá
һһ㶵ģҲǼģ֮ǰֻԼÿĶһ𣬾Ͷһ
:ǻȰҵ꿪ˣԺ°ɣһ
ˣһ¸ӣȥˡ
ǮȻ࣬Ҳ࣬кܶһ¶Ǯ׬һ£ö˼ǮۿΪʲôˣ޿κεֻܽԼҵŮ
ʱ䣬Ѻۡöкˡ
һӣ˵ҪԺԱĹæҿѣ½ǫ֪£ӻ̫ˣиǿƵĺϻ˰æͦҶԷǹ㣬԰æ档
½ǫд˷ݺͬռٷ֮Ĺɷݣʣµİٷ֮ʮԼҵġ
Ҿ¥ڿҵˣҵ죬˲ŹŮǡ
ڹŮȦﲻôãǵķûڱ˵ԼҵŸѧˡ
ӣһμӾۻᣬ˭Ҳȥ
ǿǹ˭ҲȥǾǲӣȥǱ߸һ״˭ܵˣԴһǶȥˡ
֮ǰǵǻʲôͻ磬Ʒ硭⻹ǵһνԼ
˵ֻдŮͣûͦϡ棬Ҳֻﵱͨľ¥
ǽ¥֮󣬾͸о֮ͬˡ
һ¥ɢģ¥¥ǰᣬ룬Ǿһȥ¥
¥ͨͬȥģ·ƶһ
֮߰ǰ๫ڼɳε˼·ģһӣÿõĵﶼ޻Ͷޣܻصĺܡ
ˣˬů˭ˡ
¥мԭһŵĳأǰǱݸģ챻߰ӣȿ˶ˣдͳһװĵԱһŵϡ
๫˵ͣô֪һʽԺ¥רͣ볡ȯ֮󣬽ԡ
߿ǺĴߵмòͷ˵ˣ۸Ҳһģʮԡ
ʮ۸ܵˣǿǵЩŮΪ˲̰ԵƽʱõķСԶ˸ʮļ۸
˵۸ְ֮Ѳ˵ÿӶһݣÿƷļ۸
˵ʮһţ̲һҲ۸
۸ٶԱʮԣ;Եü۸ܱˡ
ЩŮҲȱӣеĻʮԣʲôöһҪԼȥã̫鷳
һٷ˸ŮָָǱߵɻ״ֽ͵⣬ǸССƵĵһݹ
ףһֽķǳ󣬶ʮһҲġ
ŮٷùƣĵǾɣ־¥ʲôöĹְߣĳӶȫһʲôóԵûԹ⵰ȻûҲûþޡ
ǵһ֮ڼͿڸУеζ۾͵󣬡ƹʲôģ
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̣Ҫˣл2022-05-11 19:04:26-2022-05-12 21:48:56ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


98 

ļλҲǳĺ, Ҳûղǰ߰ˣһ߹˵˵
ֻ˵ҵĶطȫҲֻһֵġ
С˵ֻҶһݣ˵, ֲǰ۸ڶҲἫƼꡣ
ȻǶһ, Щ˾ǵһƷˣһλʡ
ߵͷ,Ȼǡ
һλССʣҲûгԹʺҲûԹ
˵֮ԼҰۺĿһۣѸٵԼ, Ҳ֪Լ˵ˡ
ȻԻԲءʵЩǳԣЩҲûгĻᣬûҪѻ˵̫
߸оᵽǵʱһ˲ѸƼԼҵĵ̢
⵰̢Ƥ, ۻҲǴδζ
Ƽ˱׻, Щ, Ҳܴҵϲ
Щϰڷŵģ߻ƼһЩ, Ҫ͵, ˵̲裬Ҫźúȡ
ʳǴʼĲмڵľޣѾȫ߲Ʒζˣ׷׵͡
Ƽ̸ǣ鷳, , һһ, ѡС, в顢춹
ȻȻҪһ¡
˵飬ΪۣգҪ顣
ܻӭġ
̲֮󣬴ٴξˡ
ΪⱭЩˣƽʱǺȲúȲС豭Ʒ룬ⱭЩǵĽܷΧˡ
滹һܣ˵ҪźȣЩòŹۣǳ֮־Ȥ
ûӣÿ֮䶼ɴҲõ̫ࡣ
̸Ǵ㣬ȻһſſԳԵĶۣټ̺ȲĶؿڸУҲǺϲ
ȻЩĶ֮⣬ҲĳˣȻզãһҷСǳЩ֮Ҳ޲ڣ˵ֲ๫ֳô¥Էء
˽ĲƷ֮⣬ǻ˲˵¥ĹĲƷ
ΪǮDϵ˵Ҳ¥ЩƷҲϡ档
һЩ๫ֳȥ¥ԹЩƷЩûгԹֻ๫˵ֻ๫ÿ˵һĻζȴǴȥ
мλһ뵽ɷÿ¥ֳԹʲôζʱǵӣЩᷳ
ڵĳԷôɷеûŮأ
룬߿θ׼ڣǻȥҲԸԼҷҫˡ
ҲһЩ˵ԼҷҪһЩȥ
˵͵ĶֻԣܴߣԺͻʱʱּλ
ʱʮһʱʱʮȫ졣
λŵͷƽ
ͨȫһǮܹһ£ŵϼңһǮܹһˡ
ǷЩȨϣʮӻڼһٷһ֬ҪһٶҲǳǧЩδξͲٴˣ·ҲǳŴһξͲٴˣȻᱻ˵ᡣ
ʼ۵ʱ߾øˣһ뵽ǮDǾ¥һƤʮӣԼ̫ˡ
˵Դߣ˵ҪˣͿˡ
׼ʳУ;Ҳǹġ
Щ;߶½ǫרŻ˻ɫҽƳģǼҶһݡ
⽳ǮDֵµģ֮ǰר򱦸Ķ½ǫȫй¶
С˳Ե⣬ʱ档
ߵſڵʱÿ˶յһƷ
ſڽӴĸѡģɶ»˵飬ԭҲһԱĺӡ
ǺûˣʣĸĸףΪĸףż߹
ҷСǽͣǸҷС׼ƷҲθһݵģ򲻵
ղŸҷСóʳʳݲãĶܱݡ
ϸʹ÷ҷСԻȥٿ
һλԱķ˻ȥȥĸǱ밲ĸһֽ͵̢
ĸźټݲãʳϵĶᱻһ
ȥʱĵϱҲڡ
ĸϲСӣԶԴϱСϱ̬Ҳر
СϱŮһĸ˵ɩ밲˳ʳ˵һЦ˵ɩƽʱҲǸģĽôˣͷ¥ʲôöĸԼϵĳĲ˶ƲϣôƵͷĶ
װȵ˵˵չ룬ɩһ˲ٺöǼʶ
ǸǴЩʣ˻Ϸ˲
ϱĸʣµĲи䷹Ƕϱθƹĸһݣĸȳ͵ĸϲ
ϲɩɲҪ˵󻰰ɩĪǾĸûöϲ̨ĶҲĸϱͣⶫҲͺÿһЩҲûмĸ㾫£ܺóԵȥ
ɩ⻰ȭͷڼﶦʢʱڣûˣͶףҲ޲
ҲΪϱȡЦ
ϷСϱеĳҲûֹϱ̣һʹ졣
Ƽģ˵Ī˵û棿ɩҲ̲ס
⻰ɲ˵Ǽϻ𣿡ϷĵһۣҲҵһֽ⡣
ԭװװӣһӣҧһͣ˵ˡ
ڲãƽʱҲܳԵǱʶΪĶóԡ
ڳͣȫ߸֪
ĵҲģһЩҲֿڸУûʲôر𣬾óԡ
ȫˣֹסĳޣڴϱİ£ѵ̢ĸˡ
ǳԼָ㣬ϲĿڸС
ϱĸԵǰĶֵ࣬ĶԴɩ˵ĸڲãĸĶ࣬ĸ𣿡
ס졣Ϸ˿ϱݻϽСϱ뿪˷Ǹɩ죬ʲôӣȥ˼
СϱŵĿŴɩѵǳʳǰóԣźĸˣ
ŮȥμϯʱװƲôɩһȥˣҲֲôɩ
θʲôʱȥԣ´ҲĸЩʳɩܵ⵽ȥ
Сϱ֮ϸѯʴϱ᳡ϱ˵ͣ˵ֻŮܽȥ´Ҫĸһȥ
Ϸ˺ܿģûţЩı˵лˣӹܼҡ
ҪţҲ˵Ϊϲô˻ų֣ôϱ´ȥٴһЩ
ĸԺ󣬻صԼԺӣǡҲæˡ
Ĺϵ׽ɷԣ϶Լ˲ί˵´£ҲϱƲ
ʳУĵóûίҲǳ˼ʶ
ΪӱƻˣЩǣһֱߴ쳢ĵģɷž㲻óԣҲܲӡ
ҲǸԲˣΪӴĶһҸոտҵûκʷĵ꣬ʲôõġ
ôһζǰһǴδ¿ζJζҲ壬ǡô
ŵŲ裬ȻЩӣǼҵǰ㣬ûпͣ
ҡͷûпͣСȫѾߺ͸ƹĶǸ˵ֻкԭ¥ĳˣֻڳ˷ֿĺԶײ
ĵꡣÿϧȥһƣſڹһӣӲڣȥˣڸ˵ô
ܲ˵ľ˵ˣҲɳӲ¡
ƼʳеײһСӣ滹ϵŶдµĺܣǺ
Ǿ¥Ʒ˵ǶݺõĶ˵ûģֻǼС
ʲôûУֻУ˲ţ򿪺ӣһ֧СˢӺһСɹޡ
߽ˢ֮࣬ǰ๫˵ʳ̫ݣԹ֮Ҫˢ
ʱûˢ࣬˼һһЩݣÿΪ˳Ա۵ҪûйȥоЩڡ
֮ǰ½ǫԽ󣬾͸ˢ࣬߸һù֮ǰ˶ֻڣȷʵճһЩ²߾ͻòݹСûãγѪ
Դ½ǫˢݾرɾҲˣһζ
๫͵̲֮סԶˣ๫˵ʳݲã뵽ԷĿһ̫İݳˣٹǼҶã뵽ȥһˢֻˢһ˲ô졣
½ǫˢ໭˸׵ʹ˵
ԵԷ޿˺ӵµǸСӣĴյһȥǸСӡ
ϻһʹˢˢƯŮˡ
һ۾ϳˣʳӡ
Ҳϳˣ֮ǰɷҲ½ǫЩ
û뵽ῴʳӣӻǳһ˵ֻ֣磬ȫҲֻһ˻ᣬ֮ǰҲѧǲĺԶ
ǮDү׸˭ҸҳǮDһĲ
ⱾԲǱ˷ðĻǮDϵҲ׽ѻʦȥҲпܵġ
ûо飬ֻϴȻǸСˢӣӹڳһЩ״ŵСˢϣʼˢ
дʵƤ·ŹˮҲƵġ
̧ˮ飬оַ·ıˮŪʪһ㡣
ԭˢģŮ˵ˢݻõָ˵֮Ҳ𣿡
滹дһЩעԼˢַ˵ˢֻһãܶ˻á
ĶǷҲõġ
ӿɷϲˢݹȥ๫ԡ
ãȻθĶһãͺˡɷ˵ţСһҳһС֣ƷڱһˢһףҲóֵԱʽֵʮһףס
ԱĽҲдˣǮȥѣȻûлԱǿҲڵǮǴʳĺ;ƣǺܺþˡ
ԭҪѲܵõɷһС࣬ÿնҪãư¾ҪµģǺãһЩҲ޷
ʮһݣҲ󣬶ǮǳԽǶġԭԺɷ򲻻ȥ¥ԷҪǳǮܳȥԷˡ
ڵĽˢݸɷ򣬡ԣȥһˣдǸԱ
ãҿȻԼӱȲʳòҲܰԼӣƽʱҲԼü뿴ˢǲҲʳǰÿ
Ҫѧʳӵˢˢ֮󣬸ɾˬ࣬ҿ˵ʱ򶼰㡣
վȥǮңĸףеܵܵһŪһ׻ɷ˵
۷Ź⣬ã

СؼҲ˷Ʒɷ߸ԭԶһЩԺ󶼲ҪȥǼҾ¥Էˣֵط˭ȥ˾Ǹ嶪ۡ
ʳӵóЩ˿֮ĽˢˣҲϲСӡ
һԺĹԱŮǵˢСӾΪУȥ칫óŵϣͬ԰ڡ
еûüŮȥģûСӣʳˢӣʵĶҪѪˣ˾ʾѶ͸
Ȼᣬ뵽дһֻ֣Ҫ˻Աܵõʹһ͸˾ˡ
ȥ֮Ů˵ȥθһˣԱŪ׻
ҪãС檡ŮŮǣ˻жҲҪϡ
һʱ䣬ЩȨȦʹˣʼ׼ߵ̫׼ȥǼҵ꣬ԼҵŮȥ˭ûתˢǾ͹ʱˡ
ԭΪⲻôڶͿˣһҪԱġ
ԱҲн
ŻԱʮ쿨һľͷӣбţ̹˿֡
Ա쿨ҲľͷĿֻľϻһЩЩź֮⣬ʳӵĻ
мԱǧ쿨һӵĿƬҲʳӻֻǶͬҲӻ
Աһ쿨ǴĿƬӵĻҲӻҲ鶯ӷͼġ
Щ½ǫϴλʹ͸Ľģʮţ۵Ĳˡ
һŽҲò˶ٽӣҲһֻذεȴ׬һǿģ˿Ҳ
ǿ𿨵ʱ򣬶ĶˣȴһôǮ󲿷ֻǰĳҲа𿨵ģһȥš
һʱ䣬Ǯյ֮ǰ̯ǮյͭǮյǰ׻ӣװ˺üӡ
׬Ǯ½Ҳ׬˲١
̵θ棬Щ˺ֽȥθ󣬾͵˶̵š
߼۸һЩһǮġ
Щү۸һģһſڰһһ飬ôζ
ζ̫ˣͷܻҲܹ̲סԵ󣬾ˡ
⴮ȻˣЩ˷һܳһӦ󡣶ǼСһ￴꣬Ҳ۲½
Ǯ׬ĶˣҲйµġ
ſڵأͿһֱӾҪͷæȥ٬ĵϷˡ
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99 
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½з½ſվ, оԼǸľͷĵĺܣҪ洳ˣ̾ͼ, ˡ
ǹȥָǿӸ˵Ӳ, Ҫǲ, ǽ㡣
˵Ȼ֣Сﵱֳʶ, §סǣҰҾϲĹ˵¥ﶼǹ͸, ſ˵ĶɫĹ϶һ, үȥ, үеǮȻٲǵġ
½̧, Ըֱˬ, ˵Ļ˻ǲǣֻдŮͣдֶĵĳˣ
½Ȼᣬÿ, С, ߵһ
, һɤ, ߵСϣ֪ôСǸץסһ⡣
̵Щ˼ˣ뵽ԼŮ¥ϳԷأĲУȥֹ
뿴θΣһ˶סԺҲ߳Էˡ
Ǹµ˿죬ǺѧʿСӣСǺѧʿӣ޷ˣĺܣƫƫѧʿûأټСֻѹûȨûƵˣЩȨȻŰճͷ
ȿ֣ĳȥˣٹȥԺҲüҾθԷˡ
θܰԺҲܷüŮԷϾͷڴθˢء
ǼСƽʱԼҹӳϷҸŮڿСѾͷûһץСѾͷʱ˳㿫͡
СѾͷģһһʽּݣûǽǴ
⼸ˣǱ˼СԮ
ǲʱߵǿǰ˽дҾͲӣ֪֪˲ǸŮ˵죬ǻ뷭ȥ
˵̧ž;Ҫȥʱ½һӳ˹׾һӣͷڵϣ໽лɱǰΧۡ
ߴʱڳ๫ҪˣȥˣһŻؼҸ๫ԡ
ԸأӾͻŵܽ˵ˣиҪ˸½зôˣҪǵӡ
⻰Ҳ˲̫ˣֱӾܡ
⻰ҲҪȥΨһˣµȻҪϡ
סˣܵܣûС˵µ˴˺öʹ˵˷Ǹǳȥ˴ˣͷˡ
˵Ҳǡ侲һЩҵ˵˽ôܣ˵£в˽ĵطⲻſҵڶ죬ˣҪţϣ챣ӣǻһӡ
˲ٿˣæĽŲմأǲûǮģ˿϶࣬ΪͲпˡ
˭֪ЩŮ˾Ȼ£ܣôˣɰˣ˸ƻģڲˡ
߳ȥʱÿĸ˴ڵأ˺һᣬվ
ĸܹȥǿƵѹϡ
ӻͦټ̫ˣľѹˡ
໽л֪ҵ˭ҵǺѧʿˣʶ̧٣ŹŰɡ
̵˿һĻЩϧҪˣȥƷ
תһ룬ˣǿ԰䷽ƹѾˣصʧ
ҲǴģ֪ҵˣû׼ˣֱӾͰ⺲ѧʿҵСӸɱˡ
ʱһϷܿˣû׼ɱСӣΪ˰ѧʿҵš
ôչǶȥ䷽Ĵˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ʱ򶫳ֹ
ֹһӶˣЩѸٵĽµС˸¡
ֹڸͷϣʮʮ߰ĸӣò˲¥Ů͵͵ȥ
ֹűѹסˣȤߣô¡
ѹסȿڣȸ״Ҵˣ
ۼ˵𣿡ֹ˵ĹѾ̫ȥ˵סˡ
ߣ˵ˡ
ҡͷ֪ΪΣ뵽๫ĽƱʱӣҲѧ๫˵ҸղŴӵڵϣˣϵ㣬ûдˡ
⻰˹ЦֹҲЦˡ
ЦʱҲôӢŮġ
ʱ򣬻δ빬̫࣬ѾǾﲻδŮ޵ķʹˡ
ûκκۼò̬ӮŮġ
кöѾΪ˸Ϊĸˣֹֻ˵ŮʱڵΡ
Ҷϧ˹͵͵룬ǹ
˰˴ӵ˻ΪֹҪϾǺѧʿֹȻҲҪӡ
Ҫ˵ƽϹղס͵ˣֻҪֹܰץϼӿʣһڶͺá
˭ֹ֪ȴ˵дӲڣѵۼһǶȷʵȱˣˣ˴ȥ͸
ʲôŵĲᣬ˿ӣٴηɱĽûãߵˣǻ׹ݣҲܲˡ
໽лı˴ˡ
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˵ʹˣڳ⻰оһ·ԼǸҲȥһ
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͵Ķͬ͵ĶǹģֹĶĵģϲġ
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ףܼߣʦ
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˵˵زˣղµ˵ǺѧʶĶӣֹæҪȻһûȨûƵģܶùԷ
Ժлϵĳ˭ǣٴܴĹ
Լල˸ϰһݣװøϡ
ԭڴ񣬵ˣϽͷ£й
ĳʳ˵زˣϲģˢ࣬ԼǱСӡ
ǵôǰҦദǶʱ䣬ʲô£ҦҪˢÿˢ֮ﶼһζ
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ȻǮDδʦϢǻ˵⻭½ǫġ
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֮Ϊ֮𣬿϶ҲɣʱͿɽҦˡ
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׻ﻹʾϣ˵֮ǰǮDҵһŮϻʮӣѵѧʿҵĺӱȻϻҪ
ϾԼǾ֮ȫ綼ҪΪ˭ҲվĻҪߡ
Ȼӣ⺲ѧʿҵĶӾȻһӻҪţЩԱźѧʿѵѧʿ췴
ԽԽҲ˷ˣᣬӶſӵҲûɣףȥҺúòһ顣
ȥ²û¶ѧʿͣؿͷģǻϲ˴Ρ
һʱ䣬׾Ͳ˸֤ǼҸˡ
ֵǷ꣬Ҳûĸ۵˸洳ˣ¶

˷֮⣬һ¾ǸҷŮؼ֮󣬴ȥĻԱ
õżԱȻûʲôͷǳԵǴȥĵģõˢ࣬Ǻܿĵġ
ЩƽʱƲŮˣѧŮˢһǽһ𾢡
˳ԱľӶ࣬ľŮϲĲˣ޲ùȥ԰ڡ
ڶϳʱ͹԰ˣ԰ڵʱֿ󳼵ŮҲһӻǵľ˲ͱȥˣرڣӦöŮһЩǮģŶɡ
˭֪Ľʱͳ˽𿨣͸ǲˣŮбģƲʡ칬вʺ磬·ɽһ㡣
ҽ𿨻һر֮ȼĻԱֻ̰ܿ쿨˵֣𿨿Կ̰쿨Ҫ̵Ļ
еĿ˷֣Ǹž͸ӡ
԰һ֮ҪŮȥʱҪõóñĽĽ
ö˶ˣ³ؼ֮󣬾ŮȥһŽ𿨡
һӣЩȨ˵ʲôֻǽθ󲻰쿨
˵ƹĳŰˣҪ쿨ҽһʮţѾţʣʮˣȵȵá
쿨ҲֹȨ󣬻иǣԳʮ߸ˣЩ˽ž׼һŶӡ
ʱߣñ๫һׯס
ϴ½ǫʱ׳һ֣ժһЩ͹ȥ׻ˣλˣ׼Լ˵һ½ҲŹˡ
һƬ׵أһ𾢣Աߵūǿ޴룬Ҳ棬û˭ɻūЪŵġ
ǽ֮һںþûдյɹũˣ½֮ǰũ񣬸ũ·һ˹Уܳ졣
Щһô࣬Ҳгɾ͸С
½ǫ۵Сͨ죬ʱʱͣιˮȡ
ϢʱϴЦ½ǫ˵¥׬ôǮҲûи๫һɻġ
ǸһɻģǸҴһģ½ǫ
ˣñȷ磬סԼС֪ʡ
˴һһ󿩿Ц
½һôˣϵĺãҲſġ
֮ǰ¶ӽ֮󣬱ķۣѧˣһ¥һЩĵĸǮͷңȢС檽
ĵЩûз½ǫôרģ˶ǻؼҸһʥûа׶
׶֮ūһһ˻ȥ½ǫ˵Ժɹɣʱĥ׷ۣһȥθ׻
ʮףտʱŪס
֮ʾˣһӣԼһǧס
һ
˽һӡ
ӻЩʧ䣬ΪռϵͳϾ
Ȼ򵥵ļҳˣȴ½ǫʱԵĲˡ
ӣֲ֮гԲˣü궼ϹˣҲʱ䡣
˳ռ䣬Ϳϵͳĳһ֧
֧ʮסʮһٿһ
Ƿһ
ǡ
ϵͳһ㶼ֲģ̳̣ǳס
һһ̫ˣ֧ĳȲľ͵㿪ˡ
̨֧1ʮ̨ʮöҽڿռ̳Ƕһʹãɴ̳ǡ
½ǫû뵽ռﻹ̳ǣ뵽˴ԽǰһЩϷҪٹ֮ܽϷܣҲռҲˡ
̳ǣи֧񣬻ճÿմ򿨸֮Ķ
½ǫ뵽Щֹס˷ܣԽԽȤˡ
ÿׯӶտԱɳˣͲԱɳˣֻտ
½ǫָףߴչ
ŵζ֮߾̲ס̿ˮˣԭײǿ֮ͻɱ׻ôΪûб
֮ǰ½ǫ˱׻֮Ϊֻ׻û뵽ַ
½ǫһõ׵ݸܿ࣬Ҳĥ棬Ҳܳ˻ɳôóԡ
ߵͷף˼׿ſűɫÿĸʯƵġ
߻иждʫ
½ǫ룬кö˶Բϴ﷽ȥ֮󣬴ҵӺùһЩũӲù
ﶼܿԲūˣط͸˵ˡ
ǰƹȥֲɻʸߣҲߣܾȶˡ
˶ԱˣͲūˣҲΪЩ׵ĳֱøá
룬һķ׸ϣøذ﷽ԼǺ
²Ͼ˺ĸ׵Ǹˣϸ߾¥֮ǰöΣӼѧԹ޻ϡ
ڻǰԹޱֳʱҪûΪЧһϣû
˸ū͹װһЩ׹Ҫȥ׸ϣ˸׵ֲͼԼ׵ʹ÷ͼûлʳӣûϸ俴
½ǫӺͼᣬ˸ӵԴżʳӣģ˵һ·żȻճԲԴ֡
ȻˣΪҦǰͺܰߣӣӵ˸Ҳˡ
Ͼ½ǫõЩӡ
Ľ½ǫܼҦҲ֪Ҧǣ
ԼҲǺ޻ᣬֻҪǵĺӺãҦһжġ
ʾȥ˵ʳӴ֣ȥø괺쿪ʼ֡
ֻޣܷÿͷϣÿӷ峤һףһöȫһ֣ճ֮ƽָÿͷ
ǻ·񣬲һӸӣԱǲҵѴ峤йȥϸ峤ҲⶫĺأֲûԴ
½ǫѸ˻ףҲûп˵йһۡǸ֮ۡǰϵǻ󣬾Ͱ׸ɱˣ̫̫Ҳû𣬾һֱţڻϰʹ͸½ǫҲ˻϶½ǫĿء
½ǫμӿƾٿԣ볯Ϊٺ󣬻϶á
˰˼ŵ½ǫϣҪ½ǫ£½ǫŮ
˴½ǫֻһɣеٵķǸģǰȢ˸ٺҲ˸ƷһЩĻȢƽ޻ǿǿ¡
Щҵ½ǫʾЩ½ǫȱȫܾˣ˵ʲôݣֻһˣⱲӶ䡣
˵ɵ˲²ܾڣҲ˲²ǲ岻УԲȢЩԱŮ±¶ϵĲ㡣
ܱ˵ʲô½ǫһŲܡ
Ҳ˹Ӽٵʱһ£ǳʱ˼ҡ
ʵϲʹլӸǣҲ׼һЩķӡ
½̵꣬ÿ¶׬ӣߵľ¥ʮŽȫĿҲ˲١
Ա׬һ쿨֮Ǿֱÿѣ൱ǰԺǮ׬ˡ
լӷǳĴÿԺӶ֮ǰǸСլӴࡣ
ǵ˻ֻš½硢塣
̫ˣլסǰ;ǿֱ
һ¾һˣӡѾߡӡܼҡ
ʱæѡһȸţԺ˭ٻ
½ǫΪ˶ҲԺｨһӣΪ˲ɹã涼Ǵӣһǻǽӣл𿻡
֮ǰɹһ
ֻʱûʱȹ֮󣬿Ҫμӿƾٿˡ
ڹӼѧ˴꣬ʱΣ½ǫοԷǳġ
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100 
ԸԸ޸ң
ھĵһ, ¶ִ٣հҲûüôá
½ǫʱ˸군⣬ĻɫɫǴ߲˺һЩʳõĻե֭ȡġ
м仹ù˸ߵļӰ, ǳġ
Ȼ˵, ׼ľϲ
ʮ, һڳҹ½ǫߵֲû̻ȥ, Ǹ˵ԳˣȥԺɢɢôԺӣǻûúù
ǰҰĲִ٣Ҫæ¥, ½ǫҪȥӼ飬½ҲԼ, æĽŲմ, ʹµİ½ǷԺס¡
½ǫͰͽؼ, ʣʱ䶼ڹӼϿ, ߺ½һҪţ˴ʱŻͽԼ˯ûйȥլĴһ䡣
½ǫ, ȻҲԸš
Ȼȥһ, ȻٳɢΣ߲زס, ½ǫȥʱдҪ, ǧʣһŵ״εı顣
½ǫһƽ⣬ûΪʲôҪȥŸ˻ȥˡ
һݣ߾ȱ۾׼͵
½ǫ۾ǱﲻסЦ⡣
Сɸ׼Щڴ
۾ǶģСɷ䵹˺þãĻǱʲôܳĶƵġ
ˣ۾ˡܹ½ǫ˵
½ǫ۾ϵɬ߷ֽš
²ϲԽţΪǰҲû͸½ǫǵһ 
ʶ½ǫ֮ǰûյ͸ʶ½ǫ֮󣬾յ½ǫ͸Ǻ«ɳٵοյĴʺǵƣԼƽʱ͸·κ͸ʳ
½ǫ˵ҪҪʽУϲһҲҪ˵
ԭǸԼ뷨ˣ½ǫദˣҲȾˡ
óӷŵϣǰЩģ
ָģ½ǫ첽߹ȥ뿴ָʲôôӡ
һӣһ˫ѥӣޣЬϻͼ
Ĳôÿ߲˼˵
ô᲻ÿϲˡ½ǫѥӱڻÿôæָЬӡ
ߵֹƣ⻨㸴ӣû˵ְɣ
ջָĶ򵥵Ļѣû˵ָ
ʵ˵ָֻþ֮ǰġ
֮ǰ˵ǵĶǳ䣬ֻЬѽֺͷġ
˾֮ʹ½磬½Ҳ˵ߵĶǳǳ䣬Ь涼ᶳ
ʱͿʼ׼Ьˣʼ˼Σĸţ϶˺ü£˫Ьӣʱϱ˿ڣֻ½ǫ²ŻһΣʱ˿ڶƲˡ
ԭһ֮ǰҪ͸½ǫģ½ǫ˵ӼѧǷͳһĶװѥӡ
½ǫˣ֮εģѥҲͲ˼óˣܾ̫ͨˡ
ˣ½ǫܾ˷ˣڵĸƷ͸½ǫ
ָǸӣǸǸѥֻ˳͵ġ
˳͵Ķôģ߹Ȼˡ½ǫǴԽǰǴԽյ˵ϲľ͵
ʲôֻҪ뵽ЩģЩʱ;úҸ
ڶӴ֮һ磬ɫ磬ýŸѥ׵ţǻɫĺëȥܺأԵĸлǳů͡
߿θ֮ո½ǫһһġ
½ǫϣȻóһʽԼϣֻëġ
ëӵҪ᲻øԼã๫ŪװԸԼŪ˸ëġ
֮ǰ½ǫ˵װװģŪһ˯¸ߣ߸һ𴩣¶񣬻˼˵ֻǺ½ǫ
½ǫȥǰͷգһˡ
ߺ˼۾һƿһգգĶžͷơ
ˣ˵ɢѶˣٲȥʳˡ˵ų˳֣͸һ
á½ǫû̳ȥǻ߸Ьӣ·ЬӣǳȥʱҾʹǼи÷ɡ
뵽½ǫ˵·͸½ǫӣεİ֣ǲҪ˵ˡ
ãȻҪ˵ʲô˵Ҵűô֪ĺã½ǫߣ²Ҫ˵Ȼᶮ仰˵Էʲôأô֪ԺһҲҪ˵ʮ֣ñ˶֪жá
ǰʲôӲ˵ίҲԼĬĬһţδ֮ǰڼôûһ˼ǵĺá
ʱÿһ¶˵Լ۶ôףǲҲ̬ȺһЩأ
ϸһ룬ԼǸĸ͵ܵܵԸ񣬹˵ٶҲǵĺãֻһеӦ
ֻϲĸмϲĥƤӶûá
ߵʱƮƬƬѩߺȥӣԭдĶëѩģǰһ룬һЩ˿˵ѩжëôƬ
ͷѩʱһƬѩ䵽ĽëϣĽëȾˡ
½ǫëϵѩɾôһƬѩˣ
ҡͷдżѩƯҺϲѩ
꾩ǵѩ٣붬֮û¼ΣµĸĴ
½ǫ˷ܵѩתȦȦӣѧʱһμѩʱϷѡ
ԼѩתȦȦ
һһֵһᣬ͵˺ߡ
լӵһס˷ǳݳޣլһܴ˹˵һһ̻ʹĺҺ뻹һͤӡ
ˣˮˣ߿⣬ͺ׹䣬˺һ㡣
ս˿Ȼǣֻһյյĵ
ڵĵԲľǷεģ״Ļǵһο
һ๫ģתͷ๫жȦ죬ֲ๫ҹɢԭ׼˾ϲ
ϲϲ½ǫ
ǰǲϰ߰ĸ˵ڵˣ뵽ղ½ǫ˵Ļ
Ƿ˵Ҳ֪Էʲô
ϲ˵๫ô֪
ñӣԼߺңϲġ
ᣬЩС½ǫ׽ˡ
½ǫ̧⻹ֻǸͷ
ģµıס֣ߡ
·ǵƣָǰķ
·ǵĵطҲڷǵ
ЩǵէһڷŵģϸȴܸϵӦУ·վȺ֮С
ָо๫һֱ˵ɡ
˺ĵͤӣͤͷů¯׼һ¯¯ȼŵ̿
ϵһƿ¶ĵ⡣
߿ԼļӰƬ̣ң
ԡ½ǫ˼򣬡ȻǹҲԵԸʲôԸԶ˵
뵽⼸գȻʱûеԣ½ǫ׼ֺóԵĺ͵ģҲԸ
๫㲻˵Ըʱ˵˵Ͳôߵһθ½ǫʱԸʱҪ˵½ǫֹˣ½ǫȴ˵ǲԸ
㲻˵ôʵ֣½ǫСʱԸһûʵֹԼԸҪͨԼŬʵ֣ͲЩˡ
ǻյʱԸδһĿ꣬Լȥʵ
ڸһˣߵԸһʵ֡
ߣ󵨵˵ǰûӺùˣҪʲôҶԸ㡣
ѾˣҪһжõˣûʲôҪˡ
˵һ£һԸϣ๫˳˳Ŀ״Ԫ
ҪԸ˷ֿɵϣ˵˵˵ԼԸ½ǫһ󲿷ʱ䶼ϿΣһҲ͸߾죬ദʱˣҲ˲٣ûǰ˽ˣ˵Ĺϵ֡
ϣ룬ԼҪʲô
顢顢鶼ˣҲʦ飬ҲǺǮҲ׬ĺܶˣ˴լס룬ʱһһԸԵ⡣
½ǫһǱҲ˵ȥֻҾԼỹ˱ȽϺá
ߣѽ˵Ĳ
ţȥӪˣҪ½ǫżӣ֪˵˭ˣȴװɵ
˵Ҳģ߼½ǫҪ˵˵֣Ͻ䣺ҲʦҲǮ壬ֹ㶮ѽ˵˭
½ǫգҲһˣҪӱŬŲԸˣŬŬ
˵绰ͤͷѩȴо̣ˣסٲˡ
Ǵͷѩˣ½ǫԻȥ԰ɣΪҹͦůͣôѩźͲͤˣȺ컮ˮҲܷŻƣЧҲһġ
ǣ֣һۣҪҪŮӿû˵˭ҵĸкģɲҪΪҡ
Ҳϲӡ½ǫ֪Լͬһ̿ʼΪԼⱲӲкˣԼĺӣʲô˵ŮɰĸְֲҪɰСŮ
ǸҲã½ǫкҲ࣬ܳøһɰСˡ
Ƕ죬ѩ½ǫҲ·֣Щǵƻ̿Ա߶Ѿ˿ţЩ˱ůʩһĶܺ񣬻¯
Ϊ˽һͿʼ׼ˣҪϿûôʱǵƣԼʾøѾ͵Űġ
ЩѾƽʱҲٸദҪȥ¥⣬ҲûЩѾʲôʱĵ
ѾǱʱ˵լӷǸɣͦȵģ˼Ҿûø˵ġ
֣ÿͷ¶ĳȥЩ˼ҵĸһ
һȴǵļ谮
Ѿһбĺһдӵģ͡
ĵԭһƷ٣̰ͷˣŮǸĸͷˣǱٸˡ
ⱦԭǴٵŮĸ׽һѾ߻·һ
ӴҲūźԼŮһͬ½
ǽ֮󣬵һ¾ȻǧСճճֶƤˣһɻ統ĸһȥ˵ĳ嶯
ĹվڿЩԹǿ½ǫǰ˧Ӱ
½ǫõˣȻһģãѵá
˼ҵİ飬ԼҲĽĺܣǵûбͷٹһ¾ҪˣǲҲᱻ۰
ҲԼС֦ҶӣôܸЩѾߵĻС㿴½ǫ񲻶ԾĽ˼
Ӵչȥ˵С㣬˵½ڹӼ飬ܵʥأȿμӿƾ٣ضܿ״Ԫ״ԪǸ޷ڽӴ϶檣Сܵõۣūˡ
ĶˣԼź˵ϣ½ǫòϲģǰַſڵӣҲһԡ
½ǫӽĻᣬڶͰȥҡ
ڶھǣòԶȥסʶ½ǫƽʱһʱᾢϾҪƾˣ½ǫֻпԡ
ħʽѵ󣬾͵˿ƾٿʱ䡣
֮ǰͯţڻҪˣ֮ҪԣԶ֮󣬻Ҫ빬ʥ
Բ࣬Գ⣬ѯͨԵĿɻԸ
ǰ½ǫ˵һѵģǰмдºܺá
֣ʻʱĿİͰ͵ģŵĻȥˣеŵˡ
ʹѧٺãڻǰӲã֮ǰŬҲ׷ˡ
½ǫõЩ罻ţ֢Щ
һԵʱһ㶼£ǰߺ½ŻˣŶˣڿͷһ졣
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һԵʱּûйӼͬ˺ðſˣ֮󣬲Ŵǿе֪Ҷܿϱε״Ԫ˾þɴ˵
ⳡҲ˳ͨŰʱ˸һ
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˵⻹һ·ɫģȥϲ졣
߿·Ҳ̫ˣϳʱ򴩵ģճҲܿ˼ҵķ˴ɫȹţұ·޵Ҳкܶࡣ
Ϊ˸ָòͷȻҪɫġ
½ǫȥθĹ鶼Ƹȥվڴߣĵš
·ߵ˶õ߶߶˵ʲôϸһǡϣ챣ӣ๫һҪУ
⻰Ҳһţ¥мԱ
⻰ǲмǶԿƾٲǺ˽⣬֪Ѻѣ½ǫƽʱȻоĵģһῼϿƾ١
˵½ǫ㿼ϿƾˣǸʲôϵ߹½ǫ๫
ǲΪ½ǫȢһ½ǫٺãҲֻǰߵһİˡ
ֹʱҵʱ䣬ĵ״Ԫ̽Щνˣ⻰Ѹٵܵſڣ뿴๫ʲô
·ߵ˺ܶ࣬վȺͷŽ쳤˲ӿ
ǶһĿԽԽһ۾ϳ۵Ǹķ
Ÿͷ״Ԫ·緢ķǰʱһֻ֡
ҶĿȥҲ˲˵Ŀˣ˿ֻ๫һˡ
ס๫֣๫һ
Ⱥдһ½ǫܣǹǰߵľ飬ñĽġ
뿪θĵԱҲȥɻˡ
ղſһĻûع½ǫܿ״ԪǷǳȣȵ½ǫ߸ô˵һҪǴƷǱߣƷ˲
ʲôƷˣǼ߷˾½үýȢķˡ½粻ĸ˵û۵ļһΪ߷ʲô
ôҲû뵽߾Ȼ½ǫƷˣŵ˵ϣΪ֮ǰƲߵ̬Ⱥڣ߳˹ٷ֮󱨸ǡ

˻˼ң½ǫֱ䣬Ѿˮ
кö໰˵ˮˮ
ҹʱ´յһ㿴ǽնһ죬׵ӣ½ǫ˵ӻͳһͷߵͷϣճǻᣬܸо㲢ϲңֻΪûѡ񣬱޸ң޸Һˣڣ㣬ûиı뷨ûϲңԸԸ޸ң
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ŸԤղءүֱЩ꡷
Խִǰ֦Ǳļүĸ΢ΪүϲǿڸС
үȻ˵ȴҲ΢檣Ȣү
ү裬үǰ
ү:㲻űϲһּ̼ҵĸѾĶͣҪٸˣǰʮܵίѾˡ
ʵǣ֦Ϊںܾ˰ۣүָ̼ĸҽʳص󻹱ĸ谮õ˫ݵĸĸ谮֦ȴʲôûС
֦һ̣ɷ򡢳ˡʱһıġ
ĳһϣгһĻĻǸСүճ
ʱүѾ˻ϣү֦ĺƷ˺üƥ֦Ļ֦Ž׵Сȣһʵ֦һſŵ͡
һȻ˧ˣӵ¶ޱȳ
֦ıȻϵӻҪңڣԽȥĺҲȻӸ㡣
һ˲䣬ϻʺ̫ӳ֦δķ顣
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101 
˺ü
ߵڶ, ϲһƬƬĺۼʹϻӡ
˻κġǵ½ǫס֣, ๫ʵ, ˻ǰ, ůаȫС
ص˼У๫˵ϴγʱ, Ը๫ҲǻûаãҪ¸һס
๫֣ԸԸ⡣
ŴɫĸͷԼ๫, ʲô¶๫Ȼ¶ɬģ
޹ģ˵Ը, ͷ, ư֡
๫ȴ, ƿĸͷ, չڸͷ
һǽԼָ϶һöָһûκλƵĽָ
ĦָϵĽָ½ǫóһöһģһĽָݸ,Ҵϡ
߿һģһĽָ, ָֽڲ, ˵, ֵм仹һöġ
ժԼĿ˿ڲ̵һģһġ
ǵĽָҵģҲġ½ǫ°ýָԼָߡ
߸Ͻָ૵ظ½ǫǾ仰ģҵġ
ýָ½ǫ˶ƣã½ǫ˽ƣӾ͸κġ
๫ķŵϣ֮ǰҲˡ
Ǹƽʱһֱ˵Ū๫ȴ쳣ͣ߸оԼ·һֻϻצ޼ɵĿҧСӣûþͱ˺۵ġ
ҲֻòʣȻû๫ġ
ƽʱ뷨󣬿϶ΪԼĲ֪ܶж߷ߡ
ˣͱóʵ࣬뷨󵨣Ҳ󵨡
̧Լ๫ʣֺΪʲôң˺ü꣬˺ü꣬๫ԺҪӱҡ
½ǫ˫ˮӯӯ˫ĵȴ˵󵨵Ļ
ֻͺˣЩ¼߾֮߷ʱߵӿ϶Ȥ
½ǫ¼Ҳǵã
ľȻã½ǫȵľƶǳǳĵͣϲ࣬ûƬĳ̶ȣֻ±ƽʱ󵨡籾ˡ
ҲΪûƬߴʱʱǰΣ
ŷûڴˣҪ·ǻûа취
ɴ˱ӣνˣʲôˣЪһ졣
ҹ˵๫Ϊβ£ǽ룬û顣
ʱڴÿôũҪ˭ҷɶ֪̾ˣЦ
˸ſͷϣ๫ȻЩҲûչĸܣ̲סζ

ڵĶСЩǱ֮ǰǶصģû˯Ҳ˯ͷʱţ׼ͷˮͳԵͺȵЩмѾ߾Ϊǰ˼ϴ˯û浽ˣοɳˡ
ߺ½ǫȻ֪Щ½ǫһˮ֮ΪЩ˶ˣ;ϢʱԳȥ׼ŵʱͿҶͷţϽɢˡ
룬Ҫ֪ôǽǣ߿϶߷ˡ
źЩѾﻹбԭ⶯˵״ԪүǸʢģһ϶㲻ˣϷˡ
ʱ½ǫҲóȥˣÿڼңǵĻˣȻޣ״ԪСҲǺܷġ
½ǫһ϶ûӷ֮ȥæˣ˭Ҳÿ
ò״ӳˣֶŸõķ˽˷䣬ҪźǸ
ĽĲˣ¾ȻõˣܶԷãС檿϶ҲĺãòȫõһĺҲ˼ҵ˺̫ˡ

߻ſڴϻζأűƿߵĲ֪ôԣҵı˫ۣװûѡ
ǵ½ǫİ͹ʱŵζӾͲߴﹾĽл
½ǫ̲סЦˣңǼ߸ۻˡ
Ҳװȥˣ۾Ϳղȥˣ
½ǫ˱ǰ㼤ңڻôô׶òƵġ
ߣһֱһ𣬾Ҳţߵţ뿪Լߡ
ίί˵ôʹǸʲôģõȥ
½ǫͻȻСƢߣչȥһһûпңˣ
߱˵ˣתͷһѹִϾʣԼˣоģ˵ίܡ
½ǫ֮ںܵˣ½ǫʱʱ̵̿ճҲʱʱ̵̿ĿԼķ
ǰûճˣܾЩĲһˡ
ڷһӣĹ¹ͨ˵ˣǮDҲˣҲˡ
æҵҪȥ·ֽ½ǫϢĶˣû˻Ĳá
˵УһҪȥ㿼״ԪӦðлʦ磬ȴʦҡ
̾˿Щ¸ȥԸ˰죬Ҹˣҵǡ
½ǫԴһѣҲǵһΣûо飬Ҳġ
ǵǰʱ򣬷˸
һʶʣضǮD͵ġ
˵㿼״ԪˣϲϲǮD½ǫļ磬˵Լ׶ӿ״Ԫһ
׹ǴʥּģһˣοеĿҪ磬͸ְ˻ӭࡣ
ԱǿЩˣϻһЩõӵʦҲѡ
֮ǰⳡѡġ
ڳĸλﶼϸ½ǫĹϵҲ»ϰѹ޸
ֻû˼˵׼ˡ
װʥּˣҲû׼ﻹ£һμϯʱ򣬲Ҫֵ̫ɫ̫㵱Ů
зˣȢˡ½ǫһվԼԵߣۣߣκҶҪҲҪǻõҲϣ
ǲܣǻܡ̫˽ϵԸ񣬻ǿ˭ͻΪõĶǸˣǸԸԸҪҪǿиԷҲգͻŭϣ롣
ˣҲҲա½ǫߵκò
׵ͷûп㣬һһֻһˡ
˵ֿЦһҦԸҲᰮôࡣ
뿪Ҳ½ǫһף㡣
Ӧŵлл̵ҵĽ졣½ǫ˵˸
ǱŶĽ졣
ҲֻǸʼδҪѧĶкܶ࣬ٳȿҪи
½ǫǵŵʱ˵ˣڿ״Ԫˣ˵˳ǣоƭδҪѧĶĻкܶ࣬ൽ˺¡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


102 
ԭǻ֪з
ջʹ, иλ󳼶ˣӹҲˣ߻һŮˣ½ǫʺ, ϳǸŮ˲ǻʺ, λ
Ტô, ǻụྴ죬ϻ׼˸衣
½ǫСԸûȤ, һȺľŮӣֻŵͷԷ
ͺСʱ꿴һݣ½ǫͿʼȤȥʳˣڳҲһ
һѧӾͲͬ, ۾һգգĶǰγԱȡ
ԭм󳼾½ǫŮ, ڿı, ⡣
ȸݽ󣬻ϸЩ½ѧһչʾĻᡣ
֪ⳡҪ֮, ֺ, ҲпܻΪЩǵŮڳҲǺѧӣƾԼ汾µģǶЩƾҵĸ졣
Ҹ, Ҹʦ, վö, Ժ;ͱȱ˸ס
ǾıԼĲŻ, һĻȸƵġ
Ψ½ǫǼƷʳ˲ͬ죬ζҲӾ£ɫζȫ
ʫԣʱʱͷŴһĹƣԼ
мϿҲ䵽̽ϡ
Ǳ˰죬˵һе˾½ǫ٩˭˾͸ϽŮȻ˱ڡ
½ǫ׵ѣ˳ԷʲôûԼֵĸɵƵģôϻ˵
ˣԭ׵ʲô£Լá
ûⳡϿԳɣ˴ӶˣϰԳϳ˻ӣΪʲôμ᣿
ϳӣΪʲôϣ߹ײ֮󣬻Ҳˣԭ׵ϲ塣
ѵ´ˣԭ׵ǻϣةࣿ׶Գɽةุס
£˻ᵽةࡣ
ϣǫķоǵһ˵ĳƺţةҵŮоǵһŮĳƺţ̷ܹͬͬһλҲһ¡
Լ⻰ЩԾ˵ةҵСŮѾĻô·ݾҪף
ȽϴĴѾˣ֮ǰׯǻԴͻ飬ڻϲˣװͿ֮ǰĴͻ鵱û˵ҲǸѣҲĻӺةҵŮĻԼˡ
֮ǰϴԳɽʱǺεȵķ⣬еĻӶûзԳһͷŹ˼꣬Գɾʧˣ
˽ΪԴϴλ֪ԳɵĽѹ˴֮󣬾ͲԳˡ
Գһҽ֮˺ö໵£ǸӲ̤ũС¶Ҫ˵ԳһھѹյˣǰЩͽԳɵĹԱҲĥűøԳԶˡ
еһЩ곤ĹԱ򿴳˸ŵ
ǵһμ½ǫʱ򣬾;½ǫⳤ಻̫ԾƸʱƣֻʱ̫ˣ϶ʮǰĳҲǵòôټƣ㳤½ǫҲһǻϵĺӡ
ڿ϶½ǫãǺӶ˵ȥˡ
Щϳ׷϶꣬Ҳ׻ôģÿλʲô£˼ϣǵñ˸Ҹ̨£ȻĻһٴȥ
ة˵еŮ˳ɻͣҲ½ǫټߵĲŻڡ
Ůܼ޸½ǫƽޣ֪ķ˶Ϊʼ˼ͥ
˵Ǽ˵
½ǫԭǻ֪зɡ
½ǫҪܾ˵Ǹռ档
½ǫ£ҼзɣҲŵⱲֻȢһˣʳԡ
ة಻Ѳ㻹ҵŮң
Ҹʲϣ½ǫ˵ָָԱߵļλҿǱǿһЩʫԣҲδȢޣة࿴ˣ
ةĻɫúѿ˶˵ϯ˲䳡ˡ
½ǫô˵ةӣҲӡ
иĵĴ½ǫ˻Ϻة࣬ةŮǱģ˵һֲܴڽӴһֻȢһǲһЦˡ
ȢŴڽӴǰ½ǫø˵Щţٰˡ
ϣǻϽշҪȢٳʺҡ
˼ǣԸ٣ҲȢҵŮةɫĿةӵһۼ½ǫ֪½ǫҦĺӡ
ŻܾԳҪǰ׵뷨ͨûȡŮԳɵĻԼĸ½ǫס
ûܸҦһĺҲҪҦĺӳףǸɣѹûзˡ
ŮãѾ˰ˣݲ±ˣǿн˼޹Ҳδػƴ½ǫЭپͲ٣еڶƻпռϵͳǿ󣬲볯Ϊһ·Ҳ췴
һֱ½ǫı֣·½ǫϿҦı顣
Ҧ˵ɷⱲӲٸʱҲı顣
ǿҦûܳȫҦһһһ˫˵뷨ڣҪȫ½ǫ
ˣȻԸ⣬ûӻδףøӣϿһԵ
Ҳǲôܳ裬ȷе˵ϵжӶܳ裬Ӷǵϴθʸ˵ڼǰˣ˵ܳ
æлةɫȴܲ˵ŮûҪòȥġ
ة⳯ΨһҲӵˣϵϵǺġ
ЩҪة׵ģ⽭ɽҲȡ
ֻ˵գةŮĻԼ½ǫȢƽҲΪԺ˭Ҳ׼
ֽ֮輧衣
ѾҹλһͬԼؼҡ
½ǫة࣬ة˵Ҫһ̣
½ǫҲûѣة
ةǸСͷӦøϲֻ˼ȣϵƱȻҪ˺ü
½ǫŸϳ£ة˵˾䣬֪ղܾĻ᣿
½ǫûлشǴӻͳһö壬û壬֪ةɷ
ة۾е壬վǻص
ϵҵĸף½ǫ
ة˱۾·䵽ĳЩԸĶϵġĸ׺һӲѣ˳ӦĹҲԤʾţһֻ·һ
½ǫԼ壬ȻҲһĴ㲻׵
ةСĲᣬͲµң
ҲѾô½ǫ֪ӾܾԷ¿ʼѾˣ֮ûбҪװˡ
½ǫصʱѾǰҹΪѾ˯ˣȴлŵƣƿŵʱд֣æţҽ˸׼Ѿ˯
½ǫԽǰҲӦ꣬ҹǳ£ɴû˵ôоů
ӻͳһģҴӹдģĵģͷţҸһЩ㳢
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


103 

½ǫĹְܿͶ, ǸƷĺԺ׫
״ԪҲҪӵײҪôھҪôɵط
ԭΪ½ǫûʶ, û׼ְλһЩ, ȴֻǸƷ, λˣƷ, ֿʼĥˡ
ѵΪ½ǫϯϵıûϲϲˣ½ǫةࣿ
ְҲйоأûʲô޵ģ˵ة౨Ҳ
ڴĥµʱ½ǫеļ
Ȼְ, ǲΣΪеѧסķǳԶ, һǻ, Ѽ˶ӵ㲻Ѽ˽ӹ, ҲҪð췿Щ, ͳһǷµļ٣·;رңԶĿµļ١
½ǫֱͦµļڣʲôְţֱҪ̫ˬ
߶, 볯Ϊ, ֻܷ˶Ϣµ뷨
ȴһȥׯ˼, ȥʼ
ռϵͳϸͼֽ, ÿĳߴСķǳϸֻҪ滭ͿԣӶöһ¡
ЩǮDĹ֮ûװ˲ˡ
̨ʮ̨Ȼǵ綯ģֻҡʽģҲĿ죬ҵЩ׿Щʡˡ
֮ǰϵͳһǧףڸɹɣ׼ߵľ¥á
֮ǰֹͷࡣ
Ҳˣժһһֲǵعϡ
ûг֧½ǫЩϧǿһҵı£һʮöң̳ܺﶼʲôڶʲôµ
żعϴҪȥԺѰһֲعϵĺõطʱͿѾʳйˡ
Ѿߺ֣Ȼһ·һѾ߷ʽȴһǰһ˵ľֹСѾߵദģʽ
˼½ǫ𣬿ͷǺûĹӣҲׯҺƵĴ硣
½ǫϵȴǼ嶼Ҫ߹
ʳйӿڻүæһˣԵģȵЪϢЪϢɡ
ٷҲǣ֪ô࣬ȥҡ¶ı飬½ǫչʾͻݵһ棬½ǫ֤ɲֻͷͷ¶治żңԼ๫Ĳܵˡ
˵꣬Ϳ½ǫüŵһҽͣūû˵ٷ˻ūֻǹү
Ӽ״ϽԲүҼС㡭
Ҳ˵ˣϽĿڣǱΪĵģһ
У½ǫǣмҪ
һ⻰ΪϷˣΪԼúÿƾԼòǰûٱҹӹע½ǫ˵ߵĻҲû˵ϲˣȻ½ǫҲˣᱻɫԻ
õ½ǫϲ¸ӣٴεˡ
½ǫţ˸½ǫֹΪԼС㿪ģɻڴˣҲܸմ⡣
ߵһԺǰͣ½ǫǣһ
ū澻Ҫæ֣ϽˣôܽС½ǫĺء
ĸ½ǫԺӣȻͿԺӽӲӵס
½ǫȥʾһ÷еûͰԺ׶ʲôʱŪʲôʱߡ
䶼ɵˣȦ½ǫ뿪
ҡʽĻȻҪʡ£һǧС˵ҲǳģһԺӵ׸ŪãԸоԼֱ۴ȦԭϸֱǼ⣬½ǫ֮첲飬Ļй˼Ͽߡ
Ϊ๫״Ԫ¥һѶۡ
ԭĳɱ͵ͣ÷⣬ʳĶԼҵֵģ˹ͿۣҲǳĸߡ
๫æˣ˼²ˣˮƬŶ
ӺʹϼʱľګСһ֮Ҳ˲٣֮ǰЩĶǽѧĺܿ죬½ǫ˽Ļѧ֮ǰЩġ
½ǫʦóԡ
˿ζƫأߺϲΪŮͲϲǵ˵ȴܶࡣ
²һǱߵĲ˾࣬ǵĲ˶һЩǳ˵ģȻպãû⣬𽥱ʳ̭ˡ
ÿеĲУԴ֪ǹٷ֮Ҳû֮ǰİ߷ûˣǱˡ
ļҵӶԸԼūģǵ˼֮Ҳʼھһھо²ˣζͦʳǸˡ
θ²ˣ½ʳҲЩ²ˣһ¥̣¥򳴲ˡ
иŮáһŮȥ棬п;ȥ½ʳ׳Բˣ˵ļǮҲ࣬ûŮǱ߹п߱˵˵½Ҳ׬Ĳ١
Щ˲ԸԼŮԷθİ쿨òθҲܻ⣬𿨻ԱգθǸյ⣬ƽĶСһЩĵ⣬յģҲ򲻵
յⲢǾ޵ģ޵ǵﻹһʳӹԵⴵСӡ
õӵ˺޲һû𿨵˺ڲѣӼ˵Ŀ
θʱˣθڿһ̣̲̫ȡʳ̡
ö˿ֱ׵֣ĺܣȥ˹䣬ŵĶȫйʳӵ
ʳӵѾ쳹ȫпʳӻˣֻҪһۣͻᰮеӡ
Ҳ͵͵ðЩ۷ðĻǵӡˢͷӶûǰϲ
ľʧȥħҲûϲĸо
϶һ£һʳЩ鼮ʩɷ
ǽսרʳĵ꣬һ۾ϳҵ鼮棬Ϸһӣдʳָꡣ
ЩǺ򱦸ҲƵӣֻ򱦸ǿдʳȨꡣ
ԭ֪ֱ󿴵һڵˡ
ƹ˵Ժÿ£ҵȷۣ򱦸֮Żۡ
һԭ㿴˶ӡ
ǽϻһ޴ĺԤ棬ʳӻµķװһнӲӵġ
״Ѿ˵ˣθ˵½ǫҽ׸ʥϣʥϻ˸أֲһѾֽˣ֪Ρ
ҿ⺣ﻭף뵽½ǫˣѵʳӣ
ǺĲˣϽȥ
׻ʥ˼ȥ
Ȿ鿪ͷʳ·俴Բ𷹵İգգ֡
м仭ӻصͥ۵֪£һΪԴһղһա
β˵һǸʳӵŮɳһֱʳӣ˵ˣʱҪɱʳӡ
Ųϵʳ˵˽һ𹩷һΪָٰܻɱֻ׾ٵ顣
˿Ȼֹľ飬ĶˣϸǰϣŮһҳ˺ˣȥҦ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


104 
鷳
û˵, صĸԷľѾʼʳˣǮ˽
ÿطͶһȫȡ֮ǰ͡
ҲһϻרŲ˿
ȫƹ, øص˰ն˺ü, Ҳӯ, ҦʱһҲۡ
ʲôܻм󳼳, û˼ȴ˷ԣ˵ҪԼලعԱ̰ۡ
¸ضӣû˸̰۵ġ
ʱ˾η, οʳ
ȻûмʳӣнµȫӴù, ӴĶ, ˣȻҪæ, ǿԺ϶ĺö˽硣
ﶼһ, ֻʳҦ
ĹģܴϸҲĸӾѵʱȻҲһЩԼĪһڶǲꡣ
Ҿʳſڵʱ, ַ¶, ſڰڷһ׶ߵĹ, ˾Ÿ, ֱڷ˾ŸСӣԱ߻ƿš
ҺĴչСĸ涼лʳӡ
Χ۵ȺʣǼֳʲôƷˣ
ԱߵĻ˵Ǳ³äС
ƿΧ˲ˣǽͣä˲ͬʳӻֵ˵С񣬿ûȥڼݣͬӵҲͬ
Ǵܿĸ񣬾ͿԼ컯ˡ
ſڵĺչʾƷϻĸʳӣʵһͬ͵ʳӣؿֻ򵽵˲֪ӡ
ʳӣпܿг˵ǰҪȷã򿪺Ų˻
Ǵͳϵ񣬶½ǫʳһгֵˣÿһԼ
˹ģɫʣǰQְģһſƬƬϻͼ
ֻʳӵĸͣÿһͶޱȡ
ûһ˳ӣ˵ŶһУôˣɲöһЩ
ЩֱҪһٺУǮDֵµĹܶ࣬ҹӰӵһʱ˼ǧУһÿ
Щ֮󲻵Ȼؼңʹ򿪡
еãܿʹĿʳӣе˱ȽϷʮŮӡ
ֱˣƹ˵ˣԶһһƷ
˿ʮӣʮףͿԻʮƷˣҲûˣ߸˵Żؼˡ

Դ½ǫ״Ԫ֮ЩθԷʳͶߵ̬ȶ˼֡
һЩݸߵ˶Դߵʱһ߸ϵӡ
߲⣬ھ¥Ѿˣ²Ϊ
ǸȽɵĸ£֣ߵʲô߹С֣ĸ˸ֹֽ̫ŹˣԼӲԼ֣֮ǰڴʱ˽ӦǱ˹С֣Ӧ
С־һʼЩɱİ磬۶ѲĿˣܺܺõӦԡ
ʱ๫ڼڣ۵ڼ䣬߾²
½ǫľ·ôҲйƵģܲסˣ͸½ǫ˵⼸һҪĿˣҪֵڶ쾫ȥ¥½ǫʱŹ
һڣڶȥ¥ʱ˹͡
ŮʼѾӣ¥Ŀռúӵ֪θܰȫ󣬾Ͳô˽ˣӶǶȥԵ̴ţֻһѾ߽ȥеѾ߶ˣΪθźĺܵλ
ǽλߵøŶʮλʹӣĸ׳׵ӣŻѾߣʣµĶͨѾߡ
ô°ΧмһʮĹȳƣپƯһ˿ÿһ·Ǳһ㾫׼
˷·һƯż̲ס߶ϡ
ԭȥ죬ѯ๫ʳӵľλһǵ̸Ҳʹͣס
˵ǼС˵ةҵСŮԳ񡣡
ԾȣΪǰЩʳǸ˵ԭ½ǫͻ飬½ǫȢةҵСŮ½ǫܾ˵£û뵽ͼˡ
߽֮ǰԳһֱǾǵһˣ߽֮Գͳ˾ǵһŮҶ˵ԳòߣѧԳ黭ֻͨʫȲԳԳʤһ
˵ּԳ޸½ǫ½ǫܾˣЩʹ½ǫһӣöζλȢؼң֮
½ǫʶôȻҾܾϵĴͻ飬֪ǲӻͷ
תһ룬½ǫѡҲ֤߸ã½ǫŲΪһԳȥߵĸ顣
ǲǱ๫ܾˣ鷳ԱߵĿߣСһ㡣
ᣬˣһ˵ľͷƵģƯвŻʲôãֻǸûȤƯżˡ
ûǶԸ棬˵¶ǰչ̫ˡһһЩĹ˵
˵Ļ˽⵽ԳǸˣȻ˾ҵĿˣȥдһ¡
ҲԴԳܸӣϱǼԳġ
һԳ޸ԳɣԳɵޡ
ɣĽܾ衣
Գйģֻʱû̧ͷԷϴãݹᾣԳƽ˭
Գߵ˵ǸˣԳ˵Եģ
ȻԳˣ֮Ҳû˰Գ˵ĸԵģһȺСѾ߳Ц˵Գͬүˣȸү׵ˡ
ȴǳ⸱ӣԳǺƽޣȴޱȣЩ˳Цʱ޲Գ
߲Գɾ㲻ȢԳҲȢˣһԳɣıԳɺģ޹ء
ⱲǵһμԳ񣬸һͬҲŅ̀ͷ˵Ŀˡ
ԳҲü޸ԳǸ쵰ĵҲΪеˡ
Գ񿴵һˣòʫʶ֮ϣʫ֮ǰѾտ㱾˵òȻ˵
߱ˣЩԾҵҵĢ́ˣСʤһ
˵˼仰Գδ鷳˷Թˡ
߻ЩﲻܾԳ֮ǰûƫƫʱЩԾ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


105 
ϲ
ļ, ԳȥθʱǳԷʱǳԵģż, ˵ϼ仰
ܸоõ, Գ˵ʱǵ, ·ûʲô飬ֲǿԶ
ͷ·˿˵ǰ, һûԼһֱż
żдһЩºʫù߿߷ʫ¸ƽʱֳԸͬӻһЩ
Щʫ͸һѹָУѵĺдһ㡣
ֵĻҪ߽ύ, ֲǳڱģһʲôƵ, ߾鲻, ǵڶ๫εӣҲûδȥ½ǫ, ȹ۲һӡ
๫ȥԺְ, ߺ½̫ģȥ
½ǫſסǣȥϰֲ࣬ȥѧҪͬǿ, Ϊ豦, 벻벻, ˭ҷĵİѹ
½ǫǻӻ,Ƕȥɣͻˡ
ȥϰ֮ǰͲ²ԼУ˺Ժ֮󣬷ǵһģҵ˿ʱ˲ŹҵҲǺȲĺȲ裬Ŀ飬еĺܡ
ǲÿ˶ôУôһæµ½ǫһʱ֪ÿ˵ְͬϴǸܲĺѧʿƷҲûôߡ
ȴǻϵ飬ڻ˵ϻֵûϻģʲôҲԸ
ֹ˼죬ְ⺲ԺһЩ˲࣬Ƿ˺üɡһ֧ӡ˻ӡŻӵģһרӵģһϽģһ֮ǰĺѧʿͬӡѣǼ½ǫϰ࣬ܲѺá
Ⱥ˾ʹСӴСЬ½ǫҲǺ۸ģûöԷռʲôˡ
ϼ쵼ÿЦǺǵģƺܹʲô¶ܣġ
½ǫ˰֮󣬸оԼһ㣬ϳÿϰ㣬ϼʣϼ͸ʱûʲôԱġ
෬ڴˣʵǿԼģ֮ǰи׫˱ʫܣϺϲ˹١
Աкܶ࣬ũ飬ǽ̸飬״Ԫƾ٣ƻкܶ
֮ͲٽӴЩĥ˵ѧϰһũ顣
֮ǰֲܽȥθ¥ĲֻǲЩũϲ
ܶ˳Աѣֶǿӵġ
ǾһֻǺóԲʳֲ״̫õ߲ˣ㡣
׶״ģû֡
½ǫҲ˸֣ũҵֲܵһ ֮󻹻еڶʮᣬ߸ࡣ 
˺Ժһֵ̿Ĺȥ밲
ϲǵģǼģʽתһȦǵĽרż¼ʷûаʳӵĳִֵ
õĴ֮ŽĿŵ½ǫϡ
ҳƵôʲӦûʲô鷳
Է˶Ϊ½ǫ첻ӣˣҲ½ǫߵ׽˭뵽ϺƵģҶЩͷð亹½ǫʱ˵
Ҳк½ǫǸͷ࣬˵ߵ̫ˣϸ˶ӹ
Ǽ½ǫСЬҲͷ亹͵͵½ǫ½ǫҲڿǣǻһ½ǫϸ״
ǾҲûж½ǫʵԵ˺½ǫӦòϸ״ɡ
½ǫһᣬ̾˿ίֲ˵һܺãû۸ҡ
ӰǼ˸ˣǼвҪ˵ȥһ
Ȼע⵽ǱߵĶһԵף˵Щ˵ĸ֮ǰĺѧʿĹϵҲôˣµٺ»Ϊ档
Щٺ»ȣ˻øл
ӿû˸С½ǫˣԺ󻹵в˰ͽ½ǫ
뿪ǰ½ǫеⵥ̸½ǫΪʲôҪҪ˵
⣬˵岻䣬꿼״Ԫ޵״Ԫ޽㸨
½ǫû뵽ϾȻָҪǻ书ģлṦģǵȭʲô
ҪԼæ鲻ʱΪɾܾϣȴ˵ûйУǻⰲŵģĿľǸһְ£ʱȥ״Ԫ
֪Լ½ǫϻȥ½ǫ˸״Ԫ
½ǫ˫ȫĶӣ϶úܶĽҲ⡣
ϻ½ǫ˵ʥּһŵֻҪ״Ԫ
ҲƷ˵ЩһӶǸƷ٣һʱƷҲˡ
½ǫؼҪϢ˵һԺÿҪȥǱѧϰ壬ûôʱˡ
źò׿״ԪѧϰÿնܻؼҸ߹СӣҪӦһԣ½ǫЩꡣ
ſڵʱ򣬿дӸгǵĿ첽ؼôˣˡ
߿ɫôһʣɫ˼֣Ǻˡ
ûҡСߵܽ
½ǫڵߵķӦǡϲˣ
½ǫŸ߽ȥ׷ѯʣߣ𣿡
߾ϲһ㣬ö˼˵½ǫԼ³
ߺͷˣֻһоûУҲ£һֱû֣Ҫǽ½粡˴˳ҲѰһ֪ء
½ǫشչȥҪߵĶӣֲˡ
ҲûӣסߵһڣҪСˡ
һֱҪԼĺӣڿ๫Ҳˣͷˡ
ʱӶϣжܼ̳𣬿Ǹ޷кֻŮһû취Ȣ˸ؼң֪˺ҲˣΪѾ֪ˣҪк˲
๫ȴһ๫֪Ķﲻкʵĸˣ๫֪ȢŮΪⱲӶӵԼĶӼ̳ȴҲԸΪܾ˻ϵĴͻ飬๫ȫõ๫
ǻ˺ӣ߱ñȽϸԣ뵽Ȧͨ죬жޡ
½ǫ߸ӺǻŴ̫ΣգŴûδҽԺôҽ豸ɶ¹ƾҪû޲ʮʱڼͷߡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


106 

½ǫ꿼״Ԫ, ˵ʥּ͵ȫԸ
ʱУʲô£Ҳߵĺͷ
˵úԺ˲Ź, Ȼ, ÿȥԺ, Ȼͻؼң, ϵʱŻظ½ǫԹȥĸѧϰ
״ԪǶˣǿȴǸ
ǳãߴӢ, ֻܹɵЦĸֵ
˵ּ½ǫ״Ԫ, ָ, ʲôʹͶû˵Ūÿϻ, һ˶Ըֻ, ȴǾҵҵû˵֣ȫȫָԼ֪Ķ½ǫ
ҪҲܶ࣬Ҫȱ, Թ˲ܿ, ½ǫѾ״Ԫ, ԵıԲּ, õⲿ֡
ʣµľһ俼ԣһԣһǻд裬ܼ򵥵̨ԣ书ǿָߵͣⲿռʮ֡
ʮ֡ʮ֡ʮ֣д貿ռʮ֡
д軹йأܰ˴СȻȡ
½ǫ˲ôƷֲ˴½ǫǳ
ʱ֮ؼңʱִʮһӣǰ߶ǳԹһ˯ڻ˺ӣ͸Ҫעˡ
½ǫȻߣȴҪôʱ䶼ߣʮֹⲻȥϻŵĻ·ϴ߸ѡ
ǹһӺͷԴӻ֮˯˲١
ϲ˯ϴ߸ˡ
ڲѵ¸о϶һˣͻĻﱧסҸƻסԴļͷֻ˯˵СèƵġ
ʱߵĶӻûôԻ½ǫʱСģ¼ǵĺӡ
Խãʶ˲֮ǰúص飬ӵ˿ռ䣬Ƕûдʱ˿̱ߵʱ鼤
СɾȻܻУǸˣǶȴС
½ǫߵĶϣĸһůڵġ
ÿ첻䷳ĸߵߣǣû÷߾÷ˣҪԼתƣӦðķ档
Ȼ½ǫչ߾£ߵĶԽԽԣҲǰĻ
컹˵ôˣ½ߣĳ˵ʲô飬ڼңôҲܰæ
ڼңһڷ˵ʲô£ǿǼ鷳ˡ
˵Լҵܸܲʱ䡣
ദ˲µʱ䣬ѾϤˣǸˬˣ̾ʹӦˡ
Ҫȥ½ǫֱȥľӪǱ˶࣬Ҷܰ
֮ǰ̣ƹʮıؾͰѱȨȥˣĿǰܵһ־
Ϸǳǵͷ൱ڻϰİοͷˡ
ȻľӪҲ˭ȥģϰʾԴ½ǫȥŸ½ǫˡ
֮½ǫÿȥԺ򿨣ȥӪϰǰ׼ʱң߳Էϻչϴ
ǵǰ
ߺӣĶںϣ¥ǱҲȥˡ
½Ҳܿģ˺þõӻŮˣʼɷˣҲҪȥΪԼһ˹¶ϣ½ǫȢߣԺ󻹻ŮǼһԽԽ֡
½Ƽǿʵ¹µ߻ϺӺӶбͷˡ
רŻǮ˳ӹÿȣ˵Ҫ߲İװֵġ
߻ϺӺԷθҲ˲٣ǰһ˵ƽʱҪԵзܳԵ졣
½ôܳԺο̫ҲûǸˡ
½ǫȴ˵У̫ܳࡣ
๫ĻЩί๫ǲҳ̫೤˾Ͳÿˣ
֮ԽԽȷʵûеʱ̫ˣǰҲ˵ӻԼһеķˣӶôԼҷˣڷ˻еʱȥ¥ҸңЩںԼҷ˵ģһЩ棬͵͵ȥŷˡ
ЩںԼҷ˵ģͻʱĵȢС檻ȥԼҷû档
˼ҵ๫һ㶼⣬½ǫ֮ǰ߾˶ǻģԳƵġ
½ǫ֪֮Ҳֺûɫĺһ㵹Ǻܶ˵ͨԭ½ǫģ½ǫǲ
ڶһЩͱ½ǫˣԥˡ
½ǫû˵꣬ͿίȦˣʱ۵ĲУڱ˼У׵òǰ֢͸ҪעԼԴǣ롣
Ͻ͵ĸͺӲӪԣǳ̫࣬Ѻ̫ʱѲҪ
½ǫ˵Ż½ȥҴ򣬡һˣô˵˵ǲ
ĺӣѲҪĻЩˡ
½ǫһ£㲻ҪӣҲɥ
ޣ˵Ļ½µ½ǫһ¡
½ǫȴ˵һĵΣգʱСʱһҪסߣû˿߸ɴ಻ˣҪӾȥɣǼֲ߲ǼҪļˣκλΣˣǼҵĵˣҲһ
½˵ЩԾ
½ԭеڴССŮĽ١
Դ߻֮ҲǶǸСģҲǸСġ
ڱ½ǫһ˵͵ѹԼȻЩߡ
½ǫ˵ǰ㣬̫ѣвò֮ѡһʱĻ޷ѡ
Ҳߺü꣬ԼһССŮҲκܾõģ˭
½ǫ˵Ӻ֮ѡһҪѡʱúܲȻһĿܻߡ
ҲҪԼ½ǫͲⲻҲǸһô֮ǰǰִ߸½ǫСӸʲô
뵽֮ǰＸŮӣеĶ˰²еĸɴѲˡ
ˣһӣ½ǫĻùҶңҲ˰ɡ
ԺҲ߳ôˣһˣզԣǾզԡ½ε˵
Ҳû뵽๫ԭģЩж๫ȻںӺ֮ѡѡҲ֪๫ҪǺӸҪ
֮úܸԣޣ̫أ˵Ļһգ๫ڶأ˵ҪС֮󲻸ˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


107 

½ǫ˸,֪£֮Ҫһĺðְ֡
߿ģ̲סЦ, û뵽๫Сӵһ, һ˳صҲû, Ц
½ǫҲǲӣֻǺǸ, ߲氮û֮ǰ⺢˺ߵ壬϶
ҲĴ㣬Ȼϣߺͺȫƽƽ, һ鰮³ԱСһ𳤴, ֱСѶ, 뿪ǣӵԼ
֮, ǽ˲ڵļɻ, ܳʲôʲô
ԭûн̫࣬Ϊ½ӣӦûᶮͥһľ飬ڼҪʲôһЩʶ, Ҳ˵ܶࡣ
ι˽⵽ԭ½ǫ½, ĵĸһҽ, Ҳ˵ȷʵܳԵ̫, 廹ҪһģϾĺҲҪԷӻĸ׵Ӫ
򻹸д˷ݰ̥ҩķӡ
򲢷ͨĴ½ǫѯʹľǵһҽ֮ǰ϶˵ҽʹ̫ҽܾˡ
˵ϰ߹еһЩ
ڹ⣬ҲһЩȨ󿴲ЩȨ΢ָҪѧҽΪҪĳһЩ
λ򾭳ȥΣھʱ䲻ǡ߻֮ʱھ½ǫ͸ˡ
½ǫҲǹְСҪǹְٴһЩ벻λҽ

һ̥ķǳȣҲûòƽʱڼһ
½ǫˣ߾͸С·
ǵ֮ǰԼ½ǫӣĻϲ˸СǶ½ǫǸСǶԼġ
Ǽ£̲סЦһԵ½Ȥ˵ԴٷС֮ÿЦݾûʧ
ȻԼĶӣһֱӵһԼĺӣС󣬽һкõĶ͵ӵֱߣһίúӹԼȥȫ෴ͺֲȱʧͯ꣬ԺҲԼĺӣʱͶڵˡ
½æҡͷҲŲҪˣҪ۷źһӡ
㳤Ժ󣬾֪и֪֪ȵߣжôҸˡٵȼ꣬½ʮʱ򣬸½ūҸ˼ҼˣҪһӵѾߡ
½ȴǳִˣǾǰ˽˱˵УǷ˵ūͣҾͳ˷ҵūͣһɱңٻǰˣﶼ˵㣬ҿûٷõүõķӣ
½ᵽʱ񣬿ᵽʱȴĸˣڸϽ˲ѣЩ븮СѾƢԸͦõģܸ˵һȥÿĻҲ࣬ܳԱůźúõӲҼʲô
⻰Ƭ̣ǰܼ޸½ǫҲĺ
뵽һҵԼ½ҲһԳǰˣ粻ҡ
½ǫ߸½ǫʱ˵£½ǫ뵽˴ԽǰǸʱ⽨ʱҪðٱǸʱкܶ˽֮ӱˡ
ܶŮ˶ʧ飬ķڹ׬Ǯ档
½ǫȻǸˣҲǵ뷨Ҳϲˣȴʧ鷽һֱҲûҵǸԵˡ
½ǫ½ĵܵȴںɱĸ֮ҪصߣôܲӰԺҲһ˵ģûҲԼ˽˵뷨֤ǸԣԺдϢ
߿๫о๫ĺö뷨ʱ˲ͬ
һԳɣôĿ࣬ǵ½˵ⱲӶ˵ʱ򣬵һӡǲ죬֮ϱӵʹ࣬½Ļ
๫ȴ붼û½粻˵Ļ
½ǫҲ°Ϳߣôôңʲô
ûʲôͻȻ뵽ҪԺĺӳˣ֮Ǹ˶ô죿뵽һ˰ϻԳɼʱľ½ĻԼĺûôˣúӳˡ
Ǻ룬ѺӽӻˣǼҴҵ󣬺½ǫ룬ǺӳҲȨˣǵŮҼұǵĺӣֱҪ
°ˣչȥס½ǫͷڶԷؿϣⱲӸˣֻܸһһӸо±ӣ±Ӷס
½ǫͻȻСɱԴǶ֮СɾԽԽˣʱҲһ̬
Ǿ±Ҳšߵ°ͣͷȥ

ڼҵʱ䣬ԳΣר̽ߣ˲ͷ·ǹǰ㡣
ʵθʱҵķ˺͹ﶼԸ̸죬ϵҲǳ
ڼҵʱȴû˵ммˡ
߾ԳûôϤǶԷֲð˸ߣŶԷ˵Ӧۡ
ҲڶԷϿƣԷ·һ㡣
ԳԲʱ½ǫӺԺﻹһںõĺߣҸղЩЩСҲܳԣ˷ѣϿ˳ԡ
˵ſпˣλ˿ʱü
½ǫũʱ򴩵⣬Ҹ͹ˣϻմԳδˣ˧ٺãҲϲ
ûа취˵ˣһҪ޸½ǫȥ½취½ǫϲС׵Ļ
˶˵ة谮СŮʵةСŮѵҪӣԳڵӾŮ˸еģ谮СŮ
ԳȴۣҲҷһ۲ż뷴뷨ʱﻹС
½ǫ˵ȽȥˣǼģû˵Գ˶ҽܡ
½ǫãȻĵͷҲûԳ֣˵ѵߵĺѣ
ôҲˣеǳο
˿Żͦߣܸ˵
ȻߵѣҲЩͷĺʱҰ⼸ˣһһԡ
๫㲻˵ֵĵع𣿡ʵ̫ˣԸȥ๫ҲԸԳ˵
½ǫ˿ͷӣеĵطعϺͺֶԽǸеعϺһֶʱеعʱкԼҲֲ壬û취߽͡
һԺϵͳٸһֺʱô߽ͣ
ԳմȾĶ뿪ɻӲͷƤ˵ãˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


108 
ģ
ȥɡʵȥˡ
ϲ, ԳһǿԸѵӣҪǿ˵˶Ρ
Ըȥ๫ȥҲԸ
½ǫһ,, ׼ԺһЩ, һȥɡ
Գ״Ҳ˵Ҫһȥ
լ̫լַһСԺ, ˵СԺӣÿһСԺӶ֮ǰǸԺҪˡ
½ǫһƫƧЩԺӣѷˣרֺ׼ר, ԺӾ͸ũƵģ½ϲ, ݽˮ
Ҳ, ֻڻ˲ũֻܹһ
Գ֪ǼҴ, ߸½ǫ, ˺óʱ䣬̲ס˵ȻΪʲôӣźӣ̫˶岻á
ȴ˵๫˵Ҫʵ˶, ʱŻ, һЩ
ÿ½ǫһɢɢ, ˶˶, ȷʵо˶һ±šҪǿ࣬ˣ鶼ˡ
Գ棬½ĺö鶼棬˵Ȼôõլֵأ½ǫһٵĻũһֵأŪû˵ģ߾ȻҲû
ǷԳǼԼڼֵأɶҪȥá
ԳҲû߹·ߵЩۣ۸ߺ½ǫһȥ˲˵ء
½ǫֱ˿أ˸ӣѺŽַϲȼ
ǰҲԡ½ǫ־ʹԱ߰ʯͷΨһĵӰ
Գ½ǫʯͷϣЩ죬½ǫʯͷϡ
ԳԸվţȻ½ǫ죬ĵöһЩûӪճ
ôûйأ״Сͽչ¡
ΪڼԴǰϣȴ޵һûص˼
֮ǰ޸ԳɣҲ޸½ǫ
뵽أһԵ½ԳһӹԳߵѾҲæȥ˵ҪæѾ½˰һӸҹøŹȥơ
Ѿ߶֮Գ񣬡֮ǰ˵Գɶף䣬Թ㻹Ѱһλ÷ɡ
Գû뵽߻ᵽ£֮ǰҪ޸Գɣ޸½ǫ½ǫͬ⣬Ļ¾͸ˡ
Գ̾˿еĿȥˡ
½ǫ˵Գǲ䣬ҲǣҶ˵ҲǣҾܾ㸸׵ҪҲңֻһˡ
ļ޽ˣҲֻгԿķݣõòŻҪʲô˼ҲУҪӣӶҪͰ͵ǰ㡣ҲҪ뿪һЩ
ԳĵҲ㣬Ǹ˵ˣҲ޿κΡ
ѵõһҪ׵˼ǶıѱһһϦܹıġ
룬εĸ½ǫ˵£ĸ֮ý֮ԣ˵ġ
˵Ҳǡ̾˿ŮҪ޸ʲôԼܾģҲҼ޸ԳɣͷƣǰˣһݲղˣŴӦˣһЩҲûڵĺˡ
¡ԳЩ档
£ͽǰ˵ˣ˵ʼԳǴĸ½ǫȴǸԲѵˣɵӵ¿ˡ
Գ񣺡Գǻӣֱүûкڹ
ߣҺʲôҸ˻أԳԭͲʲôˣһҿˡ
½ǫͲµԳǻˣ⻹ͷһڱ˿ԳɵϢ
û뵽߾Ȼ֪ˣθʶ˲ٴԹŮ죬ϢҪͨһЩɡ
֮⣬߻һܣ֮ǰ½ǫߣһֱδش
ǰ£Ȼһɵ㣬ԳôǮΪѡ˼޸
Ǹ˻˵ǸԲѵɵӣΪԸ޸һɵҲ޸Գɣ
½ǫ˾䣬ߣԳǰڴǲǺܰ裿۸Ǯ㿴ĿʧԲѡң
Գ˵ǰ£һûתھ˵˾䣬ôᣬ֮ǰװĿɺˣĶŵģ֮ͱ¶˱ԣԺζĻˡ
˵оԾ˵Ҹ֮󣬷Ǯʲôģ˵֮ǰ㡭
һ仹ã½ǫΪ˵ĳ֮󣬾߸֮󣬿ôһ䣬ղŵǶλͱˡ
½ǫϸĥһ£ôô֮ǰԳɳɹף֮ԳɳԺζĻұôܣǶ飬ȫ˶֪ǰá
ոѹʱҲ׶Գ˵߲ͼ޸Գˡ
и뷨Դ˳Īǣģһ߼޸ԳɣҲܽΪλ֪ԭǻϵԭˡ
½ǫ뵽ÿμԳʱǸܾŵı飬۵ĺܣһԳɵкߣ¶־ֵı飬Գɣø
ûһᣬѾ߾ͻˣԳˡ
Ǳ½ǫĺҲˣ½ǫŸӽԳԼһ߰Ƥݸ߳ԡ
Ҳͷһγԣζס˴СĵҧһڣȺֺζǰһôóԵĶһΪĺζҲأźóԡ
ǱߵԳû뵽ȻӻóմŻҺôࡣ
Ůͱģ˵С㲻ҪˣϽ˰ɣߺ½ǫֱûм棬ȻֳĶóԣ
ԳŮһŮϵı飬ѧ½ǫӰƤԡ
Ů鲻ԸӰţСĵһƤ¶ɫȿȻһζƮ
ѿණܺóԵȥ
ݸԳԳüһԸӣҧһڣһ£ı̾ͱˡ
ⶫȻóԣһʳӴɽĶɣôõĶͱ½ǫԴӵһƬˡ
̲סڣǱߵߺ½ǫһͷͷſҸ֮ǰȴ⡣
Ǹ֪ʲô϶ҪȥðɣҲѵõķһء
Գ½ǫɷûȥ͸ס
½ǫ˵ȴܾ
½ǫԡ
Գüصк˵˽ľ˵½ǫ׿˵ḸףΪ׻ᲪȻŭҷ޸½ǫ뷨
˭֪׾Ȼ˵̫ʧˣ½ǫˣû½ǫĶҡ´Ŭ
ԳͷһζԼĸ֮ģܾȴûǸӣֻˡ

һ磬½ǫȥףʻϵ̬ȡ
ҪȽҷԳɵĻԣȻӡ
Ҫɱ˻ϣҪȿϣûӵݣ˻ӣɱ˻ϵǻ͢˾Ͳ׷ɱļˡ


109 

֮ǰǮD˵Բ, ôʱദ½ǫõײٵİ½ǫ׸Ĺ˲١
ǮDÿθദһСѧõѳ˵ļӸ, ˵, ᲻á
Դ׵̬һ, ȫţ½ǫ, ǲԽġ
׸ϣҲûֱ̽ӵףǲǻϵĺӣ
֪ƽʱûʷˣĨǵ, Ҳʲô˼ֱ˵, Ҳʡȥ鷳
׸˲,ôʣ˵ʲô֪ˣ
ǮDŽة໹һ۾ϳҵ, Ϊҵĳм, ǶϳˣϲϲΪβϣĪǵȥ½ǫʡ
࣬ײĺŲ裬ǲԼ, Ƿ˴, ҲðƳȥ, Ҫһ̨, 㿴϶̬ȣ͸֪࿴㡣
½ǫͷˡ
ô뵱ӣ˵֪֮ǰʲô㻹
½ǫüֹ̽ң
ģ˵ʲôʱҶվһߡЦ˵
½ǫ˵Ļϣ¶Իϵɱģ׻ץѺ͵ȥ
˵Զվһߣվһߵʲô
ĸ׵ĳޣĻϣӽϣΪĸױ
ûʣִ£ЩԼĥԼȥ˼ҵ𰸣˵Ĵ𰸷ŵġ
ֻɱԳɡ½ǫ˵ʵҲֻһʵ
ڶ꣬ôῴ½ǫãҰ㣬ôģҪֳ̱ӣΣĵλҿ㺳ģ㲻룬ҲҪһöӡ
ҵݼ½ǫ˵ҵûȥˣ߻ˣ벻ˡ
׽䶫ЩһЩƷһӣ²
л½ǫ˹֣ԭ׵Ϊ빬룬ֽ˰̵飬ͲҪˣҵԼҪĴ𰸡
½ǫڻȥ·ϣѩˣϴ򻬣ǰһˣ·ϡ
½ǫƿǰбǰһҲƿԳɡ
ԩ·խͬʱ뵽仰
Գһҵ˺һӣû½ǫϣ½ǫ״Ԫֻ˸ƷС٣ԳɾͳײˣþûŵֿʼŶĲˡ
쿴½ǫ뵽֮ǰԼܹЩţ½ǫָ㣬ô¹ӱһʱ
½ǫ⻰ƿ³Գɵ߹ȥ
ԳΪҪ򣬵ĲУ뵱ڴʱ㻹۸ңôˣҰôˡ
ŵĽлţȻͿ½ǫƿӣ˳һסĲӡ
СҪǰֹ½ǫ һһ˳ȥ
Գɶˣסӣ˵ļǿ˵˼֣Ҳӣ㲻Ҫˣ
ɷԱֻ񣬲¹ֻҪϹҸˣ½ǫ˹ǣŵûҰ׵ɫ¶һмЦȥǱ߸״»ϻ᲻ģΪһӣ
ʵԳͱˣӵڣûˣƵء
½ǫĻŵˣϱͿ˳ˣľǻزȥǰǰ㣬һԵҲУסǮ
½ǫȥǱ߸״Ͳˡ
˼ôأо½ǫˡ
½ǫȻɱ
״Ҫ½ǫ۶һ㣬ҪҲֵ֫۾ҪͻƵġ
½ǫɫˣ֣סԺβˣҡ
½ǫ˵꣬潫ָɣ³Լʱǰ·Ҳ˳ˣгݳؼҡ
ԳɵС˼½ǫ뿪ˣϽȥƿԳɵĳľŲӼѴŴԳɡ
ƽʱԳɺаԵܹί͸Գ˵ҪҪϣûү
ԳŲӣͨ죬ɫδȥϻָӡղ̫£˿ӡ
Դӽ˾ûǱƫƫ½ǫ
ϼֱǧѣ½ǫڳΪ٣ϱҪ׶ˣһ½ǫͼӴ׵ĸ˵Щʲôͷˡ
ûţܻƵأô
ظԳɽֻˣﰲοԼ½ǫԡ

½ǫղסԳɲӵʱҪɱԷģһ뵽֮ǰԳɿ۸ߣͺ޲ðǧС
ڻɱˣԳɵҲܳΪıӵ֡
صкȥߣ˯ˣߵգһ㡣
ûа߳ѣȥԺڵعˡ
֮ǰţ̫С͸һ鿾ųˣѾˣٲڳҪˡ
ҽ컹ѩȻһЩͣˣһ´ѩЩضӲ˾Ͳˡ
һſѾˣعϺܴ󣬿ž
Ҳû˰æһһ磬ڰеع϶˳ֱӷŵԺԱߵĲַ
عȫź֮Ŀռ䡣
ʾѾɣһǧعϺһӡ
ϲĿǰȼΪ2Լ¹ע鿴
½ǫע⣬ΪһǧعϺһӾѾˣԭ
ȵ㿪䣬뿴ʲôȻȥ¹ܡ
㿪ʼ󣬾Ϳͼꡣ
ͼǰͼ౶žǺö
2
ȵ㿪2
㿪浯Ŷ
ʮɴΪһٽƷֻռũеһ1һΪһĶ100ũصȼ̳ǹƷȣСֻһöͷһ
٣ϢҲܴ󣬿ռﻹũڿռֵǲǸҷһЩҲʲôʱʲôﶼܻ
ԺǸӷˡ
ֵ㿪
200öռũ1飬ʮš
½ǫǸЩ£ʲôռ俨
ѶȻͿϵͳָ㿪ϽһԲԲɫͼ꣬㿪Գ鿨񿨾õġ
˳ȥϵͳָȥռũ̳ǡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


110 

½ǫһǿռũ, йǰũĸоˣֻ侳
㿪ũͼͽһռ䣬ķ, ͼ, ʾ, ǻɫģֲ
Ա߻һСé, ܽ룬дŴ
ϵͼ꣬ؾԶˣȥ
²ֲʱǵӾͿֲȥˡ
뵽2ˣӦµֲ, ̵㿪2
Ҳһͬˣһ, , ҿͬʱⲻζ, ʡºüʱ䡣
Ȳĵ㿪ǰ
ֲ޻һǧ, һǧ޻һһǧﲻ񡣡
Ž޻һЩеһ
ũƣ޻ֲʱ¡ԤƲ˰ٽҪǰʾˮʩŶ
һĶؾܲ˰ٽ޻ԭ½ǫĶزһǧ޻û뵽ͦߡ
ũһΪһĶһũһ, ְ, ֻһء
Ȼֵ㿪һ
, ʾ, һٿ飬
½ǫĿԭѾɵҲ㰡
ʾëһٽ
ëߣһ񲻻ë°ɡȻܽܣǿǰ鿴
Ȼë£ѾˣԸ֯ë´ůһЩ
Ȼֲ޹أʣµһҲ޻
Ȿ޻ģҵİͼû޻ġ
޻ҪܱߵСڣǮȻҲһЩǼҲǽ˾֮޻֮ǰǸСɽʱ򣬸ǵĶǵ
ҾøޱҲ٣󲿷ָǵǲ˿
δ˿ܻ޻Ҫ󣬿ⱾĹŴ޻Ȳ˿
ʱθʱǷô޻÷ǳ˼飬ƹҲ̫ƴˡ
ǲڲƴ֣޻ֳ֮󣬻ӵĲƴ֡
Ӻȥ̳￴˿
Ŀǰĵȼֻ̫̳ͣܽǵһҳʾĶǴ״̬
һҳһа
һϡһũʱݿ޻عӡ
ʮһʹũеũٳ죬һϿԼ졣
Ľңȫϣܼһ£Ҳ
һũһٽһ飬Ŀǰ½ǫũûô󣬲ţһЩˡ
ЩӶܱˣһһһ
Ǹʱ׷ݿǸǽˮũ︴õģʮһš
ʮϣһӺһӡ
Ӷֲˣũ﷽һЩ
ʮϸ޻ˣʣһ޻񣬲ż
߲ˡ
ȥǸǱ߳˸ʮ
дʮسǿ뿴Ķʲô
ǰһ⣬ֵһ£һŽĿƬǰ
ʹʧǣɸԼʹûʹãʹڼ䣬ϵʹȫʧʱһʱ
ǼǿʱܿԼϿ
һǸǿ
/ǣͬʱũʹá
½ǫˣһſ˼ǣ˰æժ޻¡
ЩϿͦõģһţھˣȴļϣһũòļϡ
һũҪһѲϣҪһռЩϰɡ
֮Ҫ֮ǰҪΣõĶҲࡣ
ǿúʵãҪˣԸϣʱʹ࣬൱ʹˡ
뿪ռ䣬ܼңֳһԺӣȦȻЩ
ܼ⻰ЩһĨڡ
ôõԺӣǿѳɲ԰ǸȦúõլӶˣܼҷǳʹ
Ƕ½ǫ˵լסһڣδӾĿڣȥͷӣЩӷǱ߲ãÿ굥ǴһʲСķãﾡá
ܼ֮ȥ˳ȥˡ
֮ǰһֱۡЩ̫ˣû̫ʱоЩˣҲ벻
ԷʱڱԹһ⳴Ĳˣҧ̫ɣȻ뵽ǰʱ򣬿һۺһЩ
˵ۣ˷˿һ˿ɿڻθθڲǲôζ
֮ŵζ˿ˮ
Ŷϵ
֮ǰǼҵǳԼû뵽ܸһ
רŸġ½ǫʢһС룬һ̥ƻǸ
Ϊʲôô˵߽ӹϵ˶ҪԼĺӵ㻹ϸҪǲǣ
ôˣҾҪһɰĸ½ǫԼΪʲôô룺˵Ů㻳֮ҲˣͰᣬǻ˸
ҲǶӡ̾˿ײĴڣﶼܴҲŮԺҲŮǰ㱻ҲżҼˡ
ǵĺǱǳģǱĵģǳ˸飬Ҳи׷ڣǸŮҶǵĳ󡣡½ǫ⺢ӵԱֻҪǵĺӣϲ
ô˵õ˲ٵİοȥԷȴϸϸ˿
ҸӨ͸һͶϣнģڸкܺóԣʲôҲ׷ۣ֮ǰƤʲô¶
з˿ģʵ̶Ҳû۳ԣû뵽ô¡½ǫԵĿģҲ㡣
ͻȻһӣڷƵġ
½ǫŵĴչȥʣûŪ㣿ȥɴôסˡ
ôţǣһ£ͦġЦŵͷԼĶӣȻ̧ͷ½ǫҪҪͷʲôأ
½ǫ˷̧ܵͷߣ𣿡
Ȼԣ๫ʲôʱôˣ˿½ǫ㹻Ŀռ䡣
½ǫŵĴչȥߵĶӣӺ˯ˣʲôҲˡ
½ǫȴ·ܵһĴڣССģܴᶯ
ǰӵǲҪ˺ߣȴӵĳڴУҪȫõĺǻ
ҪҪˣۿžҪˡɫģ۾ҲǶڴ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


111 
ϧ
Ⱥӳٸȡ, ڸȡСɡ½ǫȿӵʱȡֵУͽС˿ɡ
Է˿ʱȡ֣ͽз˿߾๫ȡҲ̫, Ҳͦɰġ
Ժͽһ㱲ӵС˿½ǫȡ̫, Լ̲סҪ佱佱Լ
˿һ˼, ֻΪС˿Ǻӵ֣С˿һӶĺӡ
֮θԼ½ʳ̺¥Ʒ, ѻзѽţ֮ĲˣѼѪ˿
ǰǼѵĲܽܣѼѪ˿, žͺѪȣҶΪһѼѪ, û뵽ɿ֡
Ƴĺһ, û˵ˣҿ˵ʱ, ̲סü, Ӱʳ
½ǫ˵£ȥ½ʳ̣һ¥ſ۵λãڿߵʱһѼѪ˿
öʳͶǸʿ, ȻѪȵĶ¿ڡ
ȶ֮, Ҿɵ, ȷʵкɫ, ½ǫͣҲûеѪȳ档
滹һ־Ө͸ǳϸġ桹˺ΧǺ
˿½ǫ˵
ָָͷһĺɫǺ
ѼѪ½ǫ̬Ȼ䵭Ե㣬üʳͶ̲ס볢Ƿ˿ζҪһ롣
Ϊ˿ⶫžӨ͸һóԣǳԽ֮󣬱ȫˡ
֮ǰ̻߻ʱ򣬳Թ׷ۣڸжǻģ˿˲ͬĸоҪǾӨ͸
û˾ͳ˾ˣԶĵλˣֻǲÿܽѼѪ
ͳ²ˣ̻ԡųԡըųԡųԡĳԣôԶóԡ
кö֪˿ôģ͵͵Ǯθĳӡ
θĴǴϼӣһǸһŮˣֻθǵֻ֮Ҫ˵ĵطǾͻᱻƲ
ܹ˺ˣЩУҲˣӲȥͷ¥
߹Ĺʶˣÿ¿ӣϼ֮ǰ·߼һһϢС߲ûû£Ǯڸ˸СӣθϰĽǴݵʱȥտӡ
⸽ķ۹סСԺסĻ˼ңסľСһ䡣
ҲҪÿ׬ʮɣмʮսò˼͸ߵǮ
Ҳ˼ң˺ӣôõӲʲôȥ˵ɫӡ
ԺҲ׼ӣҲǮ׼СԺӡ
ԭͷ·ˣθߣδӹıǰбͷˡ
ҲˣǳŽᣬӡ
ȴģǺ͵ط½ǫүһ֪͵طǻ
ģȴûÿ쾤ҵҵĹо²ˡ

½ǫùܼ򶼵ˣ½ǫŶҪˣǵë˻ô˵¼ë֯ë¡
ܼҽҼëģǵëˣȻɱ˳⣬Ȼǰ죬Ҳ̫ˡ
򣺡
ܼң
ôǼҲԲ꣬ͷŪ˸ȫ磬һ֮⣬ͼʦ֡ǮDүšļͬǣӺ;ŻҲˣȻһЩȥס
׵⣬Ҫˣĺö˶Ҫĵˡ
ʣµľǮDȥˣŵ¥
ҪˣΧһտͦȤġ
ߴŶҲˣǰЩθڲã˶֣Ҳ˼ڡ
ǮDͦڴ߶Сģһֱûн飬ӶûУҪ˵Ůˡ
ʼֻ½ǫԼĺӣ߸ϲǸϣиĺӡ
˵Ⱥӳ֮ҪԽ̵ɡ
ǮD˵ȺӳҪӵĸүүԺҵ͵Сһ̳ˡ
˵⺢ȻǸ飬ôͭȥ⣬ǮDˣƾʲô͵һȣ׬Ǯн»ɽ亣ζԣ
ѵõıһ
½ǫǼͬԼλһʫһ½ǫ˵Ҫ׼ʫᣬӸͻˣһߵķˡ
Ȼڻ˺ӣȴͷ־ʫ
½ǫЩͬĲˣÿ˶ߵʫһȥ
Ҳÿ˶ʫһ½ǫһԿţʱʱҪһԼ
ҲͦĽģϣԼҲһõķɡ

½ǫëҲ֪˭ȥˣöⷷ½һղë
½ǫܼ˵ˣһ£õëգʮǮһ
òëɱֻ֮⣬ëӵˣʮǮһͦġ
ûã½ĺž˳ӣëġ
ޣȥ»߸ĳȥյġ
һȥվǮһ߰ġ
һ£ëһӡ
񷢲󶼻һ̳̣̳һë߳ɫ̫һˣӦȾȾɫë»ܺÿһЩ
˻̫ˣֲڼйȽʺϸĵЩ˴ִֽŵҲá
ŮôôŮǼҹȥ¶Ӱǵ
˵ԼëߣôͲһˣһٴŷɻڼһ޶ô죿
й©ȥõİ취ֻ
Ѿ߶ģûԸ˸ϹģҲԸЩģ붼ǩŸˣþ֮ʹҵǱһеĹˡ
½ǫȥҸոһ˹ҵʱǮˣҲǹģûôˣģõĶҪģ⣬ֻҪ˲ɵӾУֽҲġ
е½ǫҪĶ࣬ʮˣ½ǫۣҲúÿġ
˶֮½ǫΪѡء
ǮǹͶҪˡ
ҪĶѾߺ͸òģȥ֮󣬻в˵½ǫ˵ֻҪһˣʵôƯѾߺ͸ȥź
ǮD⴫ŵʱ򶼼ˣ̾ͳȥ½ǫļңȥ·ˣҪһῴ½ǫӵұӣ߳ơ
֮󣬷⼸ʮƯѾߺСΧΧȹ÷ˮϴëأһ۵Ķûģˡ
һԵ½ǫǱ˵ȻֿƯģûʲô֪һЩӻˣоϸģԼ۱Ȼߡ
ǮDɵˣ㶮ϧ񰡣


112 
Ϊҵĺ
½ǫָЩˣûǴԺϴë, ̿ˮµģΪһʱѾܹ˼ˡ
ʱңǮDûĴ, ֻ΢ĳһ, תƻ,Ҫ˵һƯѾߺ͸, ǻϴëģ
ұ˵ҪƯģе˼ǹǣǸ˵ĸ½ǫε̾ʵһ㶼Ҫָ
ϴôëʲô֮ǰҵǿĸëձ, һϧΪһˡǮD̲ס̾˿,ǵŵǺ, ȾɫͬĻ, Ǿ
ëձ棿½ǫû뵽ĸ׻ֶ, Խǰùëĵ̺ë£ֻôᡣ
ҵרЩûѧĶûиָ, ĺɡ
ĸûн̳̣½ǫ
ǮDҡͷ,ҿŷ, ûѧ
½ǫ
ڲҪ𣿡ǮD,ּĸˣϴˣǸŮɳûȥΪѾ𣿡
½ǫ£ϴΪǱȫʼĸ޵òˣʱóһˣˣĸΪκˣҹվͽȫ̻ȥӡˢ
ǮDĦȭƣ޲ھ½ǫȥ
һıȽҵȰë߸ƳȱëʲôģԺн½ǫЩ˰ëϴĲˣ˵ϴõëȥɹɹ֮ǰǶϢ
һϢ˲һ
ЩСѾߴﳼҵŮֶŮŮһΪܻûб¥ѾˣҲûѾߣҲ֪ܹܲȥǹźˣڸĳϴëñϥźˣҲˡ
һǲĵģҪҵĴС檻ͨӳҲܸııˡ
Ǹո븮ʱ½ǫò˧ö˶Ķˣûоҵ䣬½ǫǶԸġ
鿴ЩС˼Ҫ½ǫǰֵǣ˫Ϊ۵ʧȥâ۾һ˿ߣŮǣǶǵδһ֪
Щ˽֮ͱͳһķװͳһΧȹ䣬ȻͱȥһԺӣʼոһյϴë
ЩԭϸƤСﾭЩû۵˫Ŀ񣬱˵ȥ½ǫˣҪԼ˼ûˡ
½ǫռﻹ˸ʱǩǩʮ񿨣ÿ컹ʮңÿһϡ
˽ˮеӻ߷ϵĻʱġ
ÿһȥռ޻߲˽ˮˮ̾ȥǩ
ˮʱ˲ٷϣ˲Ͱ޻ˡ
ڿռũֶ˿졢ÿ֮⣬һôժ֮ԶĴˡ
֮ǰ˺üԷһǧĸӣôЩ޻
ֽ˰ë߸ˣһǧֽһǧŪЩˡ
ֽ֮
ëΧ˫˫Ҫɣ
ߡ
һ˫߿㡢¸һټ
½ǫʼʱΪɵĲɣЩ׷ŵׯȥֲʱһЩҲ
֪֮Щ˰æҲԡ
ëºͷͲܼˣ½ǫ̾˿ëߴ֣㡣
£ôϸҲҪֹ֯𣿻˵֯֯޲Ȼ£
뵽˴ԽǰСѧʱ򴩹һֽµĶǴëë棬
ǾԲëһ֯ģо֯޲ķ֯ҲŪ߻ɡ
½ǫеͷۣⲻó򣬲ǮDǱкܶ湤ɽ԰뷨˵˵׼
ȰһëóȥȾɫһЩȾɴɫģ֯½
һЩȾ̲ɫߴһᡣ
ԼľȾ˸ɫģԽǰ·Ǻڰ׻ңʺ޻õɫ
֮ĺܳһʱ߾ͿԼ๫ϸľ֯ëߡ
๫ϰУǶ֯ë߷ڷǳֱˡ
Ҫ๫֯ȴ๫ܾˡ
๫˵һطˣǻڶϲ֯Χ֯ףϲˣҪ֯͸㣬ܱҶİ⡣
½ǫѧʱ򾭳ͬŮ֯Χ͸ϲҲв͸ûչϲỤ̊ǵ⡣
ʱ֯һΧַʱ䣬ǮҲһΧҪ˶٣֯ûĺÿֱ˷ʱ䡣
ָ֯ΧʱͷڴߴΧ֮ӣÿ֯һ붼ҸģȻЩСŮǵ˼
֯Χ©룬Ǹǿ֢©һͲ
ʱ򾭳֯˴룬ͷһǰ漸ſʼÿһŶһ뵼Χ˾ΣҪȻ֯֯©ˣͷ
ԭϵͳı֯飬ô򵥵ضڼҼ֯ˡ
ʱͰЩëΧ͸ߺ½
һֱʮϣǿĸ֯һΧ
ϳԹ˵ҪҪȥȥɢɢ
߻˺ӣ½ǫȥĺȥ߶½ǫ׼
ѵص㻻ԺһƬ÷֦ϹССĵҲˣϻƮѩ½ǫΧһȦΧůģѩɢҲ䡣
߰Χ๫һһ֯ģ뵽Щů͡
꣬½ǫˣҶڹעʳӵҪǸӸˡ
һڵȻûʧԭʳӺȻǸӱڵزŵĿ󺰲ܡ
ʳӸоԼһת˷䣬ʳһĽ⣬һȫʳӵϣκˣӴս˼ʮغϣѻӴˣѪˡ
Улһ˼ˡ
ûᵽһˣǿ˿ⳡ֮󣬶ָ˵˶Ǯ˶ûоǮĻ˵Լ˶㡣
ҷ·ĸʳӲ˹һ˵زˡ
滭ʳ˷䣬½ǫһǵعһǷ˿
Ǿ˳ԵĶѾ¥ȫء
ǸʳӵĴڣиɻΪʲôʳҪ½ǫôණأ
ʼ½ǫʳӵľֹƤ䷽һϱǷǶϱ½ǫĸͷɣʳӻ͸½ǫٶҾ֪ˣ⻭½ǫģһǱģǼ¼ʳĹ̡
Ϊʲô½ǫ½ǫʲôһĵط
˷ҳ½ǫҲʳͬ⡣
ʳЦŻشΪҵĺӰ
½ǫ
ˣ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


113 

Ǹٶ, ½ǫӳɶˡ
֮һʱ䣬½ǫţᱻΧۣһ½ǫѰʳӵӰ, ü֮, ʳ˫۾, ֻҪӣǻ, Ҳϲ
½ǫͲᣬǲ곤һЩ˿½ǫʱ򣬾ͻ̲ס

½ǫԼΧë֯ĲãҲûøЩѾţøϵѾȥ֯ëΧë, ǿɱ½ǫҪɶˣΧֶѧĿɿ, ҲûЪ, ½ǫ˵ǼӰѡ
ЩѾǩˣеҶǹǮ, ĳһЩĻǮ, Ҳ٣Ǯ˸Լ
½Ҹǿ˹ʣÿһ¶һǮӣÿһڳԹϢ, ÿҪϢ, ˶ֻϢ
½ǫǶ˽ڼϢ, Ϣʱ˭, ͿĹǮǺ޲춼źء
֯ë£ǮǰռƼɡ
ʱÿ˶˲Ǯ
½ǫ˵Щѧ֯ëµľ͵ſй¶
֯ëµķڿѣë±ȥоᱻоЩѧյҲš
Щȴûд뿪ģ½ҳԵĺסĺãиߵĹʣԳȥ
Ȼֻзż֮ܳȥҪг̣Ǳǰǿˣǰڼҵʱ򶼲š
ͷŮ˺͸˵ǺΣյģﶼܳ˷ӣСŮ˺͸˷ӣһЩ˿ûͬĺÿŮӾֱ°̻֮ء
ƽʱϵѾҪţרŵĳһϽ֣һ˶֮ͻǳİȫ
ϵѾ룬뿪½ңֻм޸˼һ·
ϵļ˵֮ôôңͲˡ
½ǫ˵Щ˸ɲˣͳһϣĻᰲͳһס
ǸĳСˡԣﻹסһסһ
ⷿӴǶԱᶼܸǣ½ǫ˸˲¥סܸһЩ
ϴǮDңúõһլӣŪˣŪë֯ë£ôỹǸѾסģ̫ˡ
ǿ֯ë֯۵ͷۻӣ־ڰˡ
½ǫ˵ЩѾȱԲŻһ۳ٸɼʮͺˡ
ǮD
½ǫǮDһֱں֮ǰʲôⶼŵǮDǱȥ˻԰ˣëƷ֮ɽǮDǮDȥ
ǵĴĺϵĻѩûڻҪ¶Ÿոս봺죬ҲԴëë㡣
һë֯Ʒгġ
ǮDȥһ˫ëӣԡ
ǮDӣ֣ƽʱӶǲģֻаɫһ֣½ǫ⼸˫ӣʲôɫĶС
صһ˫ɫģһ½ǫϵĺɫӡ
ôڽϣ𣿡ǮDЩᣬǰӶǿɵģҪס
Ȼ½ǫϵӣðţڽϣǳ֡
ңȫҶӡ½ǫ˵
ҲˣźӣͱĥˡǮDǵ˵
߻֮ȷʵ˲٣û֯ôɿһЩеԵġ
㴩Ͼ֪ˡ½ǫߴ
ǮDЩǿĴëӣǺûУһů͡
ٴЬӳȥ߿ë¡Χ׶ϡ½ǫĥŲԸ⣬ְ·ϣΧΧϡ
ëǸë£ͷͷǮDҪ·ͷĽװͷĸë£ȻײһУʱ˧ô£
½ǫĵͷͲôȥһȦ϶ǰЧ¡
ǮDо·ΧҲůͣȥǰͷһȦȷʵ½ǫ˵ǰ㣬һλ˧ˡ
½ǫоΣ
ǮDĵͷⱲҲûȢҲûӣղһ·ʱҵһ׵ĸоܺúܺá
½ǫ˳ǣ㲻ռһα˻ǲǣ
ô˶˵ĹĶԻ̲סЦ˰졣
Ҳë£ֻڶӴˣ··㡣
½ǫ˸֯Ŀë£ԭ·ͷҲܺÿ
ǮDϽְ£ǲǿҪˣСЩ
ءЦ˵
ǮDĵҪүүһ㣬Ժ⺢ӵĳԴöȫˣ˭Ҳҿ
ǮDһȥǱҫһȦȥ˲ŷѾˡ
һΪǶһݣû뵽ǶˣֵҡǮD̾˿
˵ȥǱ߿һûС
ǮDһ⻰£ȥҫ
ȥ֮󿴵Ҳˣ
ԭǮDô׵סǮD˵½ǫ͵׺ã캮Ҳ¶ˣָͷֿܷ㡣
ǮDһԾΪʲôһǲвˣЩǲȥ½ǫǱģ
ȻԸ죬ǫ˵ʵһ·ʶȣҪĽĵط߸
ǮD⻰ˣҵĿ϶ѾĽģȻҡ
ǮD˵꣬ͷ뿪ˡ
ף
̫࿴ǮDһ׵˵үҲ̫ˣǶ߾ߵĵطǰš
ҡͷ޷СƢˣ
⻰˵үʮˣСӣǳʲôʱƢˣ
Ҳõһ½ǫף͸ϵģϾΪҦ½ǫ½ǫģĵĻˣϳʱˡ
˵򱦸󳼶һʼҲⶫôƽʱ·ǰɣ𣿴ϺҲǽϣʲôĶӰ졣
ëرϺȹؽ׵˶رڸоůͶˡ
򱦸ëƷһƳرãõľë㣬رɧŶҪ硣
ǹ·涼Ҫһ֪ĺë㣬ҶӲĸ˵ԼԲֳ
һֱůˣŽûʲôˡ
֮θһ£ǵķ˿䷽͵ˣкüҸߵ¥ҲƳ˸˿йصĲƷ÷˿Ƴ²Ʒ˱˲١
߲ڵĻϾҪˣ֪
Լ鵽˭ǸڹȻɵġ
û˿ֺһʱ仹òע⣬ȥ½ǫô졣
½ǫҲæˣȥμӿˡ
Բ˵ֱ˸һ
Ҫǲõһ״Ԫûطˡ
ҲûĶ֡
ָģһ껹ľӪЩѵģȻǱȲġ
ǰ˸״Ԫ½ǫǼ֮Ķ״ԪˣϺܸˣν˲ٶ
˸״Ԫ֮󣬱ҲҪνֵģǻȥͨ˵ˮˣϾҪˡ
½ǫ⻰ˣĻ˵ģ̾˼ҡ
ԭ˵߻ð²Żˣ½ǫѲŴǰһ½ӵȥסˮˣʲô̾͵λˡ
½ǫڻȥ·ϣͰʹˡ
ʼۣоԼҪܲסˣʹȻʧˡ
Լˣ̫ˣѾ˰ɣ˲û֪
ˣǺأ
㱵ҪȴҪҶ
κģһãȻİղŵָ
½ǫҲϻˣܵſڣҪȥö˵ʱ˲ܽȥ
һ˵˽ȥһ˵ͷۻ࣬˲ܽȥ
½ǫЩƿǣ첽ܽȥһסߵ֡
ǶסˣҪˡ
Ǽ½ǫǸɺԼĻߵ֣һְֻ߲£ߣһˡ
Ҳ£߿½ǫܺߣʱ̱๫̫ˣҾǾãôأ
ܸоԸܵӵλãܸܵƤⱻſĸоһ㶼ۡ
½ǫ߶˵ģĸɷ㲻ۡ
ԭڲٵģҲˣɷ壬϶µġ
ܿ죬ʹСӵĿ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


114 
ɰС
Ĳſһº, Ǹ˼ϲãһ˼ҶԸҪ
ȻǸ, к, ŮҲù, û취ޡ
ȥԲϵ˼, ڹүͨ
һŽ˸һ᲻ˣеĻƿڴԭƵϣǮõ, еֱӰǴһٺǶֻ˼ҽ, ˶Ů, ǽȴзգҲҷ, ǲˡ
ǽһ, ˣսսذѺӰý½ǫȥ
½ǫǼҵСװ۵ģǼǷ˵ģһ㶼ǸճӤǰͰͺģϲĲ, ѵС˵Ӥôɰ
ϽСӱ߿
߿С, ҲϲĲ, ȻղŻ˺ö, ʱҲ˺þá
ʱฺڻˣǿӵһ̣־ʲôֵˡ
СԭںޣǱС֮󣬿ֹͣˣ˫С۾ߣ¶Ŀһᣬſˡ
ڿЦϲҡ߾ȵ˵
½ǫҲСǸúӣԡ
½ǫλһ˰˸ʮĺ֮󶼰
Ůһ٣һݶˣǸ˵Ĳˣź˵½ǫơ
ߵʱ򻹽˹ǮǮҲ˵õҪһһõƷ˵ë֯ƷЩɷ˿
õǷ˿ֵĲˣƽ˼Ե𣬶ҪȥǴ¥ܳԵҹĺܣ½ҲǴ󷽡
Ҳõ˸½ǫ˵Ҫ壬ôסһʱ䣬չߡ
½ǫѺӽȥչι̣չߣ壬˴̣ιЩˮ˯¡
ռ䣬֮ǰǩʮ񿨸ˣܲٳһʹ⼸춼ܼЩʹ
ռ֮󣬷ֿռмδʼ
ʼ˵ռϵͳ⵽кˣ͸һְְִݰ֪ʶ飬Լ޻顣
Щ鶼ǳã½ǫһЩӷδķкܴĲͬһŵķвܰѺӸ
⼸ϵͳ͵飬ԸõչСˡ
꺢Ӻ϶һˣòָ²ϵõĻָ
ֳʮ񿨡
γ鵽һҬũмֻСᣬһſƬʱ⣬һǿſǻָ˵˻ָǰ״̬
½ǫ̾͸ˣʱ߳˲ٵѪ˳ǻὫ˺ѿŰѺ˳ſ֮ĵطûлָ˺ѵĵط漣ĳˡ
߲ûв֮ǰʱôۣʹϮ֮ǰ˿ھͳˣһ˿ڵλã֮ǰоƤ˺ѵĸо
ȴûΪԼĴǴΪβء
Ǻܿ뵽½ǫ˵Ϊĸ˷ѵ˿Ҳĸ÷ָģ
ǳĸмŵָ֮һҪȥĸһ㡣
ǮD˺ӣ̾͸ˣҪС˲
½ǫ˵ӲųȲҪˣٿ
˶һЩϸٰСȾˡ
߸꺢ûã̫ˣҲʺϳ͡
˷֮ӶûҪ뿪ˣȻÿϧȴǿĵġ
ǮDܾ½ǫ˺֮ҲүүƵġ
ǰŸߣ׸һˡ
ûĸӻԹȥ̽ģ½ǫͷһѵΪ½ǫĸʳӣԲŻӣ
˲ʹͣ˵ҪС½ǫܾˣҲû˵Ⱥ¾һҪȡ
ߺҲ½ǫһߡ
и˵ģǲ˵ģ˵ʺ
ʳӵֱӰ˺ˣʲôʳӣǻ֮ǰô
ǵûϣǸŮ£͸Ū˸ķţǸŮȴ뾭ѵʱѻİȴɰҪҪ
ŮǶܼҦǺ޲ɱҦûм˸ֵġ
һʱ϶Ҧ䵭һλһͨӣȲϹĵȼߣ滹лʹ
λΪõ˻ϵĳ谮͸ȥҦ鷳ҦȻͱϸ֡
Ůǲ֪ԭϲǲҦˣҦʧֻΪҪұˣӸԴס
˭֪һֱԴףϺŭҦ̬ȾԽԽȵЩ˺Ҧ˷һʱѾˡ
ʺ˺飬òǸҰĺӣǻϵĺӣŻϻûϻɱ
ߵ˻ʺңȥ¡

½ܱǲ̫ƽɱƵƵǰˡ
ǻʺһɱ֣ԳҲɱֹ
Щ˸ȥͱץȥ˶
˻ڱԹҲ̫ˣ˷ǶҲɱ綼һɣʡռ䡣
½ǫ˹٣˹ҲÿҲҪȥϳˡ
ϳζǳУȻˣ𳳵ߡ
߻ӣǵС˿СҹҲҪֲֻ̣̣ܲʱţ׼һЩ֮ķһСӤԿš
˹֮һλʦ־Ķͷ˾ڲ﹤ǺɵģҲõı˸СЬˡ
ûԼı˵ʦֻửͼֽϻйͼֽ˾ʳ˽ԼҾ߰ҲĵᣬʦְԼооӤ
ֻửǲ˽⹤⣬ʦְæ
ͼֽƺˣ˹ҡΣˣ滹һЩСߣС˿ֵ̧ʱץԼ档
⹤һ£ڳϸ״˵ǰںԺʱʲôٵˣڽ˹ʲôԼоӤ
ǴҲо˼ͽˣһûʱ䣬ʵǹҲǷǳٵģһûʲô󹤳̿Ž˹Ϥţû뵽ͱץס˰ѱ
½ǫʦֵѣ׼
֮ǰǱũ˳Ȿũ鼯Ǽ²˵ֲʲôʱʲôʱʩʵȵдĶϸ󻹼һߣ췽
֮ϣʾôá
ˣǻûüƹȥȥһ̫æˣûôʱƹ㡣
ͻϸͼֻҪǻЩյ˾Ϳװ
½ǫ黭Ĵ󲿷ֶͼ֣ĿľΪܿöݡ
λ󳼶ɵˣֻķѵñֲѾռˣʡµĻΪũıرƷ
׬Ǯȴͼ뽫ȥǲɵ
ţ½ǫ˵ǸӾȵĻ½ǫ˵дӡˢ֮ʣ͸ȫصĴӵĴ峤ô峤Ŵÿÿ
˺£˵ãܶ󳼸˵½ǫ£ģ֪Ǻξġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


115 

󳼵Ļ, ˼Ƭ̣Ҧ뿪ʹ⣬¹ֲ
Ҧô, źúõӲ, Ҫܿࡣ
Ҧڻڹ, ϶ĺúõģ½ǫ룿½ǫ᲻Ҧ, Ľɽ
ڵ£ľΪλ׼
ʵۻûףһԵ׵£½ǫ֮ȫҦӴ紫ģԼ, £ģҲжҦӡ
Ҧӵĺ, ҲΪһݸмһλ곤ЩĴվ˳, ǻʺĸǱߵˣûа취ɱ½ǫ, ͸ı˷, ڳɱ½ǫ£ϳ»νʳӣʳӵĺӣ½ǫı, ֻб²Գ, Ȼ˵Լĺ, Ŀʲô, һĿȻ
Ц´ˣҲ״Ԫʱܶ˶ͯ·ôǰЩ귢ˮʮҲ£İɣȻΪ£ģǲӦԱµǮ
´ʹˣ˼䣬촭ˡ
ף£λвҲ֮УΪôΰ󣬾ٵ½ǫʳǸŮһ㣬ʳӰִ˼䣬ʳ˽簮ԼûȥǱ߸ʳӵ״ʳܵͷ֮֮ΣɱʳӡλǵǷ֮
һ⻰뵽ľ飬һ
ǵǸŮɸظ״ʱĻ棬ؾȻŮɵĻֱӳͷҦɲǰ
⼸󳼣ǶʺһĹʺӦҲʳӵ϶ʸҦŻڵһ
ͷЩˣŭɢˡ
½ǫ֮û˵ˣֱӰͷˣ춼岻ȥͷһһֱ˱ĸоЩЦá
³֮׵лȴӵһ仰û˵ˡ
½ǫˣǲñ֪Ĺϵû֪վߣȻԺ˵ϸòˡ
صʱСһߡ
ߴСûӴκСߣڸС˿һ棬ȻһһЩͯĸо
С˿ճʱ۾оеСһ֮۾ȻԽԽԲԲģġ
С˿Ƥô۰۵ģģ첲źƵġ
ֵˣźڸ첲ѽѽĽл
ϲ½ǫС˿߿½ǫˣҲһˡ
½ǫ任·Žߵԣ§סߵ
ôǲʲô£
С˿⻰·һ㣬ҲСüë
½ǫСģòУָͷüëôС֪İְˣ
½ǫԳưְ֣ߵûĽз½ǫ˵ˣҲϰˡ
ܸܵ˶ĺã֪ˣԲŻ㡣С˿֣ǵС˿ˣֵΣ
СӶʲôӦǿüѧˡ½ǫ֪⺢ӳֵܸܲ
⺢ӳ̫ɰˣÿ˶ϲǸԺܶ׷ߡ
õ⺢ӴһЩͽֿ˿С˿۾Լ̣ƺݲģ˵ֹѧ壿ǵĺҲֹѧ
Ȼδʹ书ӡЩӰﶫĳ书ǳǿ
һܰԼİŮһ̫ǽ̵ѧϰ壬֪׵жǿ
߿۵СޣºӳԲݿ࣬۵˵߽ʶְɡ
ҪΪʲôµһҪѧһЩǿ壬Ҳá½ǫ߶С˿㿴С˿ôɰһˣѧñ۸ˡ
뵽ԼһĲ״书Աôܻᱻ۸
߿ɲԼĺԼһĲ״
С˿ǸԺҪ˵ģЩ˻ǰװĺܺãһɻĥС˿ô죿ȻԻţܻտĽ䡣
ߵͷҲ֪ܴܲӦ
ûܾܾǵС˿½ǫͷС˿ԸԸ⣿
С˿¶Ŀ񾼾ȫʲô˼
㲻˵͵Ӧˡ½ǫȥֽ
߲Ҫʲôչȥ
½ǫֽдţңС˿Ըϰ䣬пࡣ
д꣬С˿ָĨһӡ࣬һССӡ
ߣлҪݡ
½ǫֽûзġ
С˿֪ô£úܺ棬ɵ֡
һʱ½ǫڸϰϯϻ˱ƣ˿С˿϶ϲĲˣ˸ĳ
кܶӣҲмˣ֮ǰÿûȥҪǴ
ῴһۣǾ÷СӲһ˵ĺܣʲôÿġ
ǽϿС˿ȻǸȴϲһ㶼ͬûǰ͸һ˫۾ÿĽ
ϿӺ󣬸½ǫ˵ԺԶź빬
Ȼߺ˵ҪԽ̺ɡ
½ǫЦ˵˵أܿˣ̾ȥ
ǮDֱҡͷҲ̫ˣС˿ԺүүǮǮôô
½ǫͬҲˣڹӼϵܺõϹ컹ܸ˵ĸ˵ҲҪ볯Ϊˣǰ˸ӣҸˣøҼҶ䡣
˵꣬Ϳ½ǫ΢ЦŴͳһѡ
Ϲ캦µĺһôĴһ
оղ˵֮½ǫɱ۾ﶼ˺⡣
½ǫϴɱܵĿˣö߶ڵ׶ڵŰץȥƵġ
Ϲ죺ˣ
С˿һҲһ˭ѽѽĸ˵ڴкĸ˶ϲ
С˿ˣſ½ǫĻ˯ˣཱུЦ½ǫļϣ˯ĺ
ߴչȥע⵽Ũ˳ĽëȻСɵıӣС΢΢ǸСǵģݡ
ţ½ǫѺӵ͸סˡ
ʲôˣ֡
ϰߣ󡣡½ǫ˵߽꣬ŵĴչȥ㲻ͺܻ
½ǫɿ֣ˣ˵֮ɡ
ڼϢһʱȥθˡ
θĵһ¾Ƿ˿ӱй©飬Ѿй©ˡ
ߣ˶йһ˭ģ¾̡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


116 
׬Ǯ
ʱȻ, Ǿ¥ĻѾƶϡ
˵ʱĴƹ͹˵ǵĵ
идӵĸˣʮˣҾǳ, ֮ǰɳȥÿӸˡ
ʵʼ˵, ÿ˶, Щǰ̷˵Ƚ϶һЩӵľһЩ, һֻǮӣǳӵĻһЩǮӣֻӺʹϼǶǼһ²жʮӡ
ӦƸʱĸ, ˵ҲֻжǮ
ǶǮҲ, Ժɵĺ, ÿ궼Ǯְ, Ҳ, ʹӦˡ
ҷִֽŲɾʼһЩʣʣ˵ؼҸ˳ԣҲû⣬һЩķ, ؼҡ
Ĺ¿, ˵Ҫ, ǴӿŹ, ˵ûݹɷĸɱµˣûаߣټʱպû˺ӣµ˵ߣĶ̥
֮һʱ䣬°֮󶼻ᱻĹ飬ûдߣŷ뿪
Ǿ;ϴ˺ۣıĸɷˡ
ʱӻ˵ǲ˹ˣԺ룬ǿȥ½æ
֮ǰͳֹһһһδ˸ЩǮǸ¿֧ʮǮؼ֮󱻷Ҵü춼ûϰࡣ
˵Ľûзң룬ʱĴ̫
Ҫ룬ҪȳԶٷףŮӡҪ룬Ҫٸʮӣٶ²ܷų
뵽ߵķǹ٣û׼취ĳͷ
ӾʹǸȥ½æ½ǵ½ǫ˵ˣ½ǫõ˴к
˭֪½ǫǻߵĺˣӣͼǸ֮֡
ǿˣʴҪҪҲǴȴ˵Ǻˣûмˣû˷ûصģֻ»Ұ
ǰЩûʲô˹»Ұͻˡ
˵๫˴ʱͦõġ
ƹѧӵЩֱӡ
ƾʲôŮ˺͸ûз»Ұֱ޻̸֮
һлܸ˺룬϶᲻ֶεĺ룬˹»ҰҲ⣡
ʺַʲôǻǴġ
ƹ˵ִϲ˺ۣҾ״̬Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ҳǰࡣ
ǵҷַ˿¥͵䷽ֱֵ֮ĺܻš
¥мסڴӼҸ˵ӰˣȢ˸С檡
֮ǰĶԲˣǮȢС檣
ƹ˵˰ѴӴϰˣ˵ʵ
Ѿƹʹˣ¥ַѯʹˣ㲣ʻݾߣôӵļˣʵġ
߿ǰѴӸˣҡҡͷֲǹٸҲûж˽еȨ
⻰һϲΪˣһҪ߿һ˵ԼǱԩġ
ſڣ˵ȥٸùүæ鰸ɣǷ˿ҲǱ˶Ҫ͵ģȫҲⲻ𡣡
٣ȶˣκŻ˵Ļʹ
ϰ˹ٸû¶ñһƤ๫ĸӹǶã֣֮ܲСӣȥѧöˣǽ˹ٸԺǰ;ȫˡͣڵϿͷҪͣһɡ
๫ĸӹǲãǴʱӹǿǺõĺء߿޳ɱֿɺޣ˵ʵ飬๫ģҾͷһֻһȥ١
ֻ֮Ҳθ£÷ô£ԺҿˣͲ͵ӵµɴ£˷˿̢ӣ͵ķӣ껹ˣ
Ϊô˵ʵ飬ûн˵ǰ
Ҫ๫ͽٸһٸԸ⣬ҰɣһжҵĴ
ˣȥ͹ٸٸжᡣǴӺŰѴѺϣǰŻײ˿ˣҲ·ߵİǿΧۣӰ⡣
Ҳṵ̂ȥٸȴȥ๫๫ö࣬Ӧ֪¸
˿غǼҺǮD¥⼸Ҳûйܼ⣬ºܶ鲻Ūá
ճͿ½ǫˡ
½ǫûѺϳӣֻ߱˷ϳҪȥ棿ң
߼ˣһ˳ѷʴӵ˵ˡ
½ǫ⻰ͷȷʵӦñ٣ǵĿɲһң¥¥ү⣬Ӱү׬ǮүҪһҶɱй߰ɡ
⻰ŵ඼Ҫͣˡ
½ǫڸ·һǼ٣ٸôУүŹ㣬ڶҸү飬ɱһҡ
ǰǣҪ˵ʵ飬๫ѷ˿Щˣ๫һȥЩǱ߶ʣֻҪԷˣǾͷŹǡ
ӵȻѡڶ֪˿⻹үйϵŵû궼ˡ
½ǫɵľʹѯʳࡣ
Ҿ¥ϰ๫˿ӣһҳһǼһתǼһ˸õķӣ๫ǮȢһС檡
½ǫǻص˼ҵ๫ĸҲǵСģ͸۸ӣԹүʱϥģҪ˵ʲôү
Ϊ˱½ǫĻȥˡ
½ǫ֪ͨǮDϾǮDǻ׹ݣЩֶ̼
ǮDҾ¥ϰ巢ӣһȥ¥
Ҿ¥ƹԭΪԼ޷죬ҪǱ˾˵ǲ͵÷ӣԼоġ
ǱĴϰǻʺĵܵܣϰ취͵˿ķӣǲҲ
½ǫǲ£ǮDүµĺܣϽȥҹ˰æ
ҲԼʺİţ£ȥһʺ󣬻ʺ⼸첻֪ǵϲʹˣϽˣˡ
ҲˣӶܱǮDһƣǮD߼ţϽˡ
Ҿ¥ƹˣﶮʲôþƣֻΪǻʺ󣬻ʺǻϵţǮDֻǻûѪԵϵݣ϶ǹ˸˭֪˲Уܡ
Ҿ¥ƹֻӲͷƤԼϣȥǮDǡ
֮ǰ½ǫߺǮD˵½죬ںͷžС
ǮDӵģǺ¾У顣
ǮD½ǫܾʲôıһͼƻöģ˵֮ǰǷ˿ķй¶㲻Ҷأԭļƻ֮ڡ
ٶ࣬Ҳ͵ҵطֻ뾡ֲһҵʧˣ̫ˡ½ǫװ
ǮDо󷢺ϡȥ½ǫЩѾϴëϴɫĲˣоϰҲҪˡ
¥ƹ֮󣬿ǮDµأԩ˵Ƿ˿ķǼĳżȻƳģ͵ġ
ǲײĲᡣǮD˰Ѵӷ˳ӷ˵ƹĸ־ݡ
½ǫüû뵽»Ҫ־ݣôģ
ǴǸԼı½ǫģȰȰǮDүĪѾȥˣɱҲֲǵʧ
ƹͷǣҲ˾½ǫҪˣܱǮҪҪԸⲹԺ󶼲˿ˡ
ǵأǿ׬˶ǮңԺôô½ǫƵǣǿͬ⣿
һ⻰ԼĶ䣬ǿ͵½ǫطô׷Źˣ
Ҫ˭͵ǵطǰɱ˵Ķˡ
ǮDҲţ½ǫʲôʱôˣ
ô׵ķŹǡǮD
ơ½ǫǰǮһ£͵Ǹطˡ
½ǫ˵ſӷ򸾣ǣȻǸطͲøǰ˸ǰɡ
ӷ⻰ǰһڣֱӻȥˡ
ǱǮѾˣҲµˣҲȢˣǮȥ
ƹһ⼸׬Ǯһһ壬壬Ҽʮ
½ǫĵƱݸߣڵǮҲǺ׬ȻǮš
ǲɵһ׬ˣԺÿ궼׬ǮǿˣǮDԱ
½ǫڳ˿أ˸
Ҹ˵˿أתƻ⡣ǮD
۾һ๫ĪǽǷ˿
½ǫͷ߶ңҽһ˿׼Ժ˿
ǮD׼Ǯһ
½ǫʮҰɡ
ʮģǮDɴ˫ۣһ
½ǫ˸ڴСĳߴ磬ھ¥۸ȻߣǳԵȴ٣˶࣬˻̫ˣܴ׬Ǯޡ
ǮD㻹ǲ˵ǮŹ
л˵
Ҷͯڿѽ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


117 
ԽԽ
ǻȥ·, ½ǫߣǲǶǸԱ̫һЩҲܺߣҪ๫Ҳ͵
һ๫̫ʴء뵽¾ƽ,Ҫ˵, ͸ðһҶȥٸ, ͵, Ǯǡ
½ǫ̫ˣԼͷܣڿһҲʥĸԸͬʩԮ, Ի˲¶ױá
̾˿, ʵﻹܵģҲ, ΪʲôҪԼ˶, Ҫ͵, ͵˶ĿľȻΪ˸ȢС檣֮ǰƸ˵ˣ԰룬ȴҲܾ, Ҫķܷ, ֪˵, ˵
ͬһ½Ҳŵͷ,޿ɾҩ˵ʲôûˣͳ˹»Ұˣѵ˵ģһӶɻģǶҪ»ҰˣƾʲôŮ»ҰҪˡ
½ǫ½˵Щ⣬ѹŮ˵½羹Ȼѳ˼룬һǸ˲õˡ
½ǫ뷨ҲǹЩ뷨ˣȻ޴ҲɱΪ޴ҲȨɵġ
½¶ܽͶ˵ĴԺһˣ
½ǫȰ㲻ϲҲˣԺһòϳ˵ĸ㡣
⻰̲סĴ๫˵ʲô绰أ
½Լ֪ԼͣǰӪʮСӣԵĺôĺˣʮˣ͵ĹﶼˣӶˡ
Ҳû뵽½ǫ˵ֻʱ߾һ뵽ŮˣŮҪҲǶˬ
һ½ǫʸƯĺÿûģҲǲоȻЩڴСڴҳԼܹһ㡣
˵ǰ๫һЩ֣½ҲÿԼǵС˿ԺҲ˼ңҲڼһЩ½ǫܶʱ˵ûӦʱƽʱҲٸŮ˵½˵ʱ˷ִС
˵ҵС˿ǸԸܶ࣬ޣǾԲԼĺȥܿࡣ
ѵˣҺⱲӾҪˣҲֵܿȨƾʲôЩҪ˸룿ǵĺӾҪʲôҪʲôҪƯˣֱ򼸸ҲǲС
С˿Բһˣ˲뻻ʱٸһ
Ǹϣ½绹ҵС˿һ氮㣬ϲģԻһȥ
̲סǵĺӻСأ㲻Ҫ˵ֻ
½ǫϽģ˵˲˵ˡ
ûգַһ£½ҵĴ£ϱ߳ˮطԱ̰˾ա
һҪԼҳԵģԱϾǸ״ɱ˲٣һ˳ܵ˾ǡ
ֻ뾩֮ǰϾǶڳ⡣
ô񣬻ǽɣһɱʹͲˡ
ԸЩ˶ɱˣҲԸǽ
Ȼ룬Ҳ˵ǽڳһЩסÿոǷȡ
˵ѯǵԩԩ
ˮֻδɹԱȥҲҪʱ䣬һصĶԩˣط԰ˡ
£๫˵ҲһЩԵõĸǰɣҲ̫ˣԶܹ϶ƣˡ
½ǫҲд⣬˼кһȥЩǡ
ǳǺ󣬿ЩǱһһĹӲдܡ
Щ˴Զܹһ·ϳԲů˺ö࣬ʣµҲƤͷдƣһûУϵĵıҸͲܷ·ûˡ
ҲкöԱǾʣҲвˮģҪһЩÿŮӸؼȥõͼһЩ˻ȥˡ
ȻÿնʩǣҲԱ˿˲٣ͷ඼ˮˣԲůѵʱòȥ
Ƕûϣϣпڷԣ·壬ס
½ǫߵʱÿһֵ˸һʮŮ̸۸񣬶ҪľȻһʮŮ
ŮƤͷһ˫۾ˮģܿóǸӣǸĿĿ֪
½ǫﰵһСĺӶŹ˻ȥЩҲǶ
½ǫȥ˾ʲô۸
Ů½ǫʼ۸񣬿½ǫŴ綼Ǹǿ
½ǫῡʣǼ۸ȻϣŮȥ½ǫǱߡ
˵˼۸񣺡ڴ
һԵ۸һȫضֲ۸ѹüأڴҲʮǮѾڳҪ߰ӡ
ֻʳǣһǳûٵġ
ƫƫǸ˿½ǫʼۣΪ½ǫ˵ģ˵ġ
½ǫҳǮӣǼһбûУҪһҲԡ
һǮӣʹҼ۸߶߰ףôܸࡣ
½ǫø˵ݣǹ٣ǸǸˣȻҸ½ǫ㬵ˡ
ҲǮӣŮ˲ŵʣҲһˣжӣҵչǡ
ΪֻŮ½̲ס
Ů˵ûа취ʽԵĶͣûԸҪܰҲˣź˼һȥԱ̾ܰˡ
ԭ½˵ԭԼˣվ
½ǫ˵һȫҪˣǣǹǣǴһ¶ǮСһһǮԸԸ⣿
Ը⣡Ů˶ΪԼֻþأǾǻþҲҪ̾ʹӦ
˵ܴ󣬺ܿҲΧ½ǫҪҪˣҲԣ
½ǫ߱ǼϽ½վԶһЩԱߵĹٱæά
ٱ֪ǹ٣Ȼǰæ½ǫ˵һôߡ
֮ǰͷ˵Ķܴһ˽Ҳ͵͵һֻ۱һֻۣ˶˾Ͳðˡ
ģǣǴȥҳׯӡ½ǫЩӿ˵źöӣҪˣ˭ŶӣǾ͵һų⡣
⻰һҸϽź˶飬ҲŽǰ½ǫ˵
½ǫߵС˵һˣһȻˡ
лУС½ǫҪҪǶ޳ȥ½ǫҡͷ˵أߡ
½ǫ˸ߡ
Щ˶˺üû½ǫǸϣٶȣôС˸һ˷˸ӡ
ߴӳͷƺƵģ๫ĪǴȥ˿
½ǫͷûˣҲǻҵ鷳ҲܳԱеطסһˡ
߿ǿȦģ̲סޡ
½ǫ˱ޣǵӻõģδֹǣ˵Ӷùġ
๫֮ǰ๫ķȥøصʳ½˶ܳϴˣֽЩ˳ȥЩĲǲӸȥֲȥֻԼͷ׬Ǯ
½ǫȴѡ˳Ǯӣͽֲ飬๫ѾԽԽˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


118 
ѹե
½ǫ˽ĹԶ, ܿ㵽ˡ
½ǫ˵ı顣
Щȫͷǿ⹤ΧǽȻ֮, ȥ֮²ǾҲ˰, һЩ˲ɵЩӡ
ǽȥʲôǴӼ֮ǰ, Ȼģÿ˶һ, һ·ıʲôĥûˣ·ӣܸʲô
ҪɱǳɣС롣
־ƤͷҲԲ, ֿôŮ˺͸
ѵͷǷ³, еľæ, Ů˸Ƥ⣿
˵˰ù㷺û׼ϲˮС, ϲ, һ붼Ǹ˺СС
к£ҲкڵģͷóԵǿӣŲӣһСֹ˵ˮһ, Ҳһܻ, , ҲԸˡ
½ǫĹ, ˵ȽȥԶٱȻٽиǿصרһطΣʣµĽȫ˰ÿÿֿǰᣬϴ軻·֮ٽĹء
˵ǹأʵǸһԱֲᣬϾԺҪڹ﹤ˣĹƶȡ
Ⱥ˱쵽һãҲҶľľĿŹ¡
ִظ˼飬Ƣǲˡ
֮ǽͷӶǺܿ˼Уģ˵Ķˣ˵Ǵǵרŵĵطβ
Ǵȴֲܾ̿ǰǴɱˣϾ˵ҲøɻˣԸΪ˻ǮҽΡ
ͷһͷվţǴȥ׼ߣ
ļ˼״Ͻק£ȴŲӲԸ£Ҫ˵ס
½ǫߵĶ
̾˦ﳤ֣ܵ½ǫߣ㣬Ǵȥˣ
ûòԺ׼ˡ½ǫЦŶ˵
ĿҪšĸ첲ôҴ˵أ
½ǫҪ֣֪ȥˣҲҸ
깣Ųӣңôҡ
˶Ҫɵˡ
½ǫԼȥʲô
꣺ҽлӡ
½ǫЦһͦģͦġ
ǳȥ󣬻ӵĵﵣǲѣǼұСӣϼʱ򱻺ˮһ·ϲһʣһˣҪ½ˣӸɱ˿Ǻã
ȥΧ½ǫˣЩԭάģǴȴΪЩǲߵġ
һ̻̲ĵһᣬȻһȲȷı
½ǫ½ˣ˵˶ֱ࣬˹Ҳ㣬ټ߹ŽãûðôӦ㡣
ҿȲȷﻹܵӶã־ȥųԡ
Ǿķ֣׷߲ˣȻ⣡
һǲҪǮƵ϶ǴδԹһЩ˳ųžȻˡ
˵̷֮ǰͻһٺõģ½˲Ҫ·İɣ
֮ǰ˴ЩԷ˵鷳ǣȻȫɱˡ
Щӹսս⻰ˣ
ǰܳһٱҲֵˡ
Ҷˣû˶ĿҲûˡ
ҳԵĶܱűõĵһᷢʲô
ȻͿһ·˹һһӣǻǵ仹һмˡ
ǲҪʲôֵ̿ı֡
챨ֵʱǿӻˣϻŸˡ
ҶķҪһղŶʲô
ӵĵﻹӻͳһɵݹصãˡ
˵ˣҸղŸİһˡ
⻰ϸ˵˵ô£Щ˱ȥˡ
û˸ղŸ½ǫȥʱǸˣȫ½˵ĺá
Ϊ½ǫЩ˵Ĵɱ˻߸ϳȥ˭֪½ǫȥһӣɺüʮˣͷڷһŵĴŮмһǽֿ
Ǳź˴λдæһǷ˷ʳҲųˡ
˵ûԹõķʳһ˲侹ȻΪһжԼΡ
Ҳ棬ã½ûд
˵ûУ½˻úù׬ǮԺûؼҡ
ܻؼңи˲ŵʡ
ȻǳʱﶼջؼңǺʱԽãԽûҪؼҵ뷨ˣܻȥڲˡ
ݽ棬ܸ͢ǺȵˮһͲˣǳãǿ
ҷ׷˵½ĳãǸ
ܿµľ֪ͨȥסÿÿǷַ䡣
䣬ǻΪ֮ǰֲӣ©ˮƽʱó涣ҧ˶
ܳԱѾˣﻹ
˭֪µĴһС¥ǱߣǶɵˣⷿӱ֮ǰĶã
¥һΧһķΣÿһܳδԱǰ㣬ķ䡣
һͲʮӡ
˿ڶľͷֵӴһЩ˿ٵľСһЩҪһס̵ᡣ
Ǳ˷󣬷ַдӣµպԼҵԿףȻ¥춫
Ǿȣû뵽ж졣
¥󣬹µĸû˷һѣȻ󻹷ϴƷһЩ졣
ÿÿЩˣϲͬʱӺ£Щ֮ǰڼʱõĶãҲ֪½ǫҪʲô¡
µ˵¥źöȻͳһ˴ȥԡԺ﹤ÿҪԡһΡ
µĿǣǣҪһЩɨˮղˣ˭ȥÿһ¶ǮӣǼǡ
ö˶ȥҪô࣬˶ʮȽ׳ˣĸˡ
Ƕԡ֮ϴɾ·һ·̥ǣϻƣˡ
µ˵½˷ԸˣߵĹ˿ģΪⷽǱܵģҪǩԼǣڼ䲻ܡ
﹤԰ססհչָǷֹǱʳãһٷҲдβÿʮǷǮСһЩĺӷһǮʣµķǮԺɵĺ˿ǹʡµ˵꣬һסӣԸԸ⣿ǲԸģھͿ뿪
ԸԸ⣡ҶŴӦǩֻѺ
½ǫǱ»кһأڸתתơ
ߵûĹͷԱᡢʳáҽݺ͹ĵطл԰ϳһϵе˶ĵطЩҲǸЩ׼ģ
ÿ칤ҪʵķɷɣܸõĹѹեǸļֵ½ǫ˵
ѹե̲סЦ˵๫ȤõϴŵҲ๫ãĪҪ˵Ļˡ
½ǫ˵ЩǷںĶǵ⽨ᣬȴˡ
ñ֪ԴЩˣɵأ˹ǮҪǰʲô
ʵԼ׬ˣøԱ籣ʡ¶һǮء
ԽǰĹ˾ÿڼնҪԱһ껹ι˾ŽǳΣȥڵΡ
Щʡˣ˸˵ʱ˹̫ˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


119 

½ǫָָǱߵһƬ,һƬҲˣҪ֯ëĳ۳ȵȡ
߿ǱߵĿյأպǱ߻ὨһĹҲһ󼤶
ЩҪȥ, Ҫæ½ǫ˵׼ڳ￪һ䳬, ǼҵĶȫŽȥ
û, ȴ๫˼๫˵, Ǯҵ򱦸ǰ㣿ʲô
򱦸߸߶·ߵģ̫ˣҿҳҲѵĶ½ǫ˵
θҲȥˣʱ䣬๫ͽɡҲ๫ֵһ, ܲ๫ϰ࣬вļ⡣
һֱ˰ʱ, ЩѾᡢƷϴɾ, ʱ׼ȥʳó
µĸ½ǫһһжʮ, ʮʱ²˴, ʮ˲ҪʣµȻһͿԽ빤ˡ
½ǫ⼸ոǽԱֲᣬȻŪˮģʽ, Ƿֹ, һһ֡
˿ҲҪô, ĿǰĹģһ˾㹻ˡ
½ǫ, һѾϴëë۳Ǹӣȷʵ̫Щǹ̽ߵĹѧϰ֯ëߡ
½ǫ˵һڷ˿ʣµȥǳǺһ֮󣬽Ů˶ֳǴСĻϵģȥ֯ë¡
ƻһ£Ժ˷֯ڸĴŮ
ﲻǰض࣬ﲻŮӳȥ˵¸ӽӴỵ
ǴﾭŮһֵأŮҲһЩ
ĥֻӸأŮӲ֣ǾڼֵأŮӳ׬ǮöûֵأԺʳ۸ǵ˼ҳԲ֣ʱָȥǱ߸״ˡ
滮ˣµ˵ǳ˹ǮһЩһһ£Ҫµļලţٵľˢȥˡ
ֲȥͷӶ
˵ǳĹ˸Ķ࣬׷˵ҪǳҲٲֵΪûˣڷ˿ȶҲвڷ˿
ߵ鰲ź֮Ҳûжûؼտӡ
С˿ѾˣĻͦ죬˷߼
½ǫָ˸ͼʦְԼҹ˳
ǻؼҵʱС˿Ŵ˸ιԡ
۷⣬ԼС͵Сȷɿ˹Ҫ
߰С˿һԵܹЦ˵Сүϲү͵СԷ÷š
½ǫǳϲǹԼүر֣Լϰʮһ˵˼ˣҪүԽ
ԽǰӶСʱ½ү֮ͽ½ڹ˾˾ͽ½ܣʵĸƺϲƺ˳
ʱǸĿڣ˭Ҳãڿܺùү
ǣϽĿڡ
С˿Ϊ½ǫˣô½ǫСüëڸ½ǫ˵ҪҷƢ
½ǫͷ˵أˣ
С˿ͣߺתͷȥˣˡ
½ǫ̧С˿Դѣ˵䣬Ͳˣţ˭Сˣ
С˿⻰룬ڷֱ½ǫ˵ʲôȻ˵ȴöһЩʣϲĶԶʻȽС
½ǫסӾС飬ּسԭͼأڿˣǾͲˡ
С˿̱ܵһڡ
½ǫЦŲһ
С˿⻰СҪʾԼĲǺܿ뵽½ǫ˵һ̵ı顣
飬̲סЦ½ǫ̲סôС֪踺أǼ˿˿Ժ϶дϢ
½ǫóСë£СΧССӣ֯ġ
֮ǰƻ½Լ֯ë£ϸ»Ūƣĳ˸֯СһЩ֯Ŀ㡣
һ£￪һҳУθС
ҵ죬Ū˺ộֻǮ˸ҽȥͨ˻ǲҽȥ𣬽ȥᱻЦƲ𣬱Ƹ
ȴſڵĻƺȥһȦҲԴӺö˾Ķˡ
뵽ͨ˲ҽȥһ㣬ΪϵһԼ
ǰûǮûݣԱ˵ôһ䳬УͨʳȥҲǲҵġ
취
ǼҵĳԭǸľ¥ǵã½ǫ˵ÿţһǰһ棬ǰŽŽˡ
ľǴǰŽһƱȻӺųʱǮ˿϶мΪȥһȦ
ͨƽʱҲܳԵ𼦵ģȥһȦ㲻Ҳȥġ
ֻҪȥˣЩļ۸񣬾֪жˡ
½ǫ˵ע⣬ֱĴָ̫ţˣⷽǰǷŵҲһȺүȥġ
ֻǰŽųҲУǿ϶һ˵ĿٴȥӺųǱҪȥһ¥£²ܴӺ켦µվͷĽҵµҲҪתȦأ;Ҳù伸Ȧǲǡ
۾һ๫
½ǫߴ
ߣ๫
һһģһԵС˿żˣΪڳܣĲ֣ͣǵעǲҪܡ
ð¡½ǫС˿
ǹ㣬㲻Ҫһھͼ۵ĴչȥС˿ҪȻƽʱϲ㣬ϲأ˵ʲôѾ㲻ˣǹˣġ
½ǫͷС˿С˿˫Բ۾ԺֻòãҼỰ۾ϵǻҪԴԲɰְľ㡣
С˿ǱĻ鵽ˣѽѽҪԶ㣬ס˶䡣
ЦŰ̱๫㻹һЩɡ
пҵ죬ſڵĻôһö˴ŵӾͽȥˡ
ȥ֮ǰſڵĻƻ˵Ҫ£һ¥¥¥һ
Ҳ鷳˵·ȥ֮ʲô򲻾ͺô
ȥ֮ͱͷĿĶ۾
ͷ˸ֻܣĿи߲˵Ĳйư裬иõĲˣ±±Ѽ
θĵ̢͵ҲУ
ЩθҪˣΪȥθǷЩҲҲų߽һЩ۸
ǶЩûʸˣڶʼθ²ɫˣıһЩҲ顣
ֻЩ鷳Ҫ޹
Щиֵϣ˷˿
˵˿Ƶģ֪٣켦ȻǲЩ۸
˶֣ÿԱ߶վ˵۸
ЩɤӺõģŰߺȣԺϰģʽĹ֮󣬾ͲߺˣֻҪվԱߵʼ۸ͺˡ
켦ӿ˷˿Ƹ־ߣȴ˺ʮһ̾Ķˡ
һһӣ˵Ǿ¥üһأֻҪʮģⲻȥ
̾һһҪԱߺȵǮ˰֣һӣǰѷ˿ŵǻҪʲôŵȥһˡ
Ǿú棬֪ΪʲôҪ鷳һһܵĽǮǸ
ʱҲʹ½ǫΪʲôҪ½ǫ˵һѵ˿͵ĸо֪ˡ
ڿҵǰ½ǫһŹ½ǫ˵װ˿ͽȥ½ǫѼ̱ˣǰ̸֮ǰһϲкӽˣ˿Ը»һ䳬С
û뵽Խ֮ʵǸ뷨
һöװӣԼҲûöǮĶǵ˵ʱȴ˲ǮĶ
½ǫ֪ľöˣһȦ뷵ȥҲ鷳ȻҪ˸ſڵԱҲУ㲻ʣͲܶ鷳ˡ
ߣ๫ˡ
½ǫЦ˵ˣⳬй﷽㣬ͷĶȫУƽʱҪԵĺȵõҪֱܺüط¥ĵˣͳһǮҪľһ㣬ԺＸΣĺˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


120 
Ͻȫ빬
ҵ쳬ͷͼˮйͨ, һδ־ӪģʽܶණгϵĲ۸񣬶ֻһԼжĺܡ
˿Ļ˳, ǻƸոհ, ͱˡ
Ҿ¥ƹŴ, ȥƹľۼһ¡
֮ǰǻʮ䷽, Ƿ˿۸һıỹʳǿǮΪԵʣԼʳӵ
˿㻨ʮǮһǿǿˣ
һƹ˵ȱţһǱķ˿Ĳͬ, Ƚһȥ
ԣûƹȥһƹĴߴ, ƸϽȥ
ȥ, ˶࣬ʮͨ, Ҫų, ˣҲŶһǰŲ
Ĺ˿Ҳ˶࣬Ϊ켦˵ҵƷۣ·ЩС̯ĻҪˡ
˶޲ǴżǮЦ뿪, ؼҷ˶֮, ֺĻ
Ҷռˡ
½ǫվڶľ¥Ϸĵͷ, ̸߱ι, һԵ½ſڴ̨⿴ż˵ôˣȫۣǲÿ
Ҳż磬Ҫһʮն𣿡
½ǫЦЦģԶֻ׬ĻһЩġ
ĵǵʣʮָԭļ۸ǲô죿ǻǿˡϻҪǮҲҪһʽһǮ׬𣿡
½ǫ½綼żĽ뻹ĸͰɣȻǵúü춼˯þˣһֶΣʮȫ˶֪ҳУ˽ⳬʲôʮ죬ÿвͬĴ۴
߲˴ۡˮۡĴۣÿ컻ÿ춼Ҫʲôˣ˾͵ռݱˣö֮䳬оͳΪǵϰˣʱһ뵽ľǼҵĳС
½ǫǵͷǶ˼ּ˵ĿǰĶһׯֵ߲˺͹ĶʣµһֶǴͷϵĻ
ǵ֮ͲϻˣǰѻЩ̼ңʱն˵㣬ȻǾ͵źȥɡ
½ǫûлûⳬĹ﷽ʽˣϰĿ˾ˣ϶Ļ
ߺԱͷ۾ģǱĻˡ
½ǫһ˵ı飬ʲô飬Ҫ̫ҡ
ģ磬̫թˣӶô࣬ٳϲǸӵվߵģȻҿ类㶷ˡ
๫ֻǶԱ˶ǮȤԱ˵Ȥ๫Ǻġ½ǫҲ
½ǫ
˵Ҿ¥ĻһĶӲŻȥ
ʵǽȥ֮󣬿ĿƷĶкܶ࣬ƹĸǰ˻Ҳøɱģñƹ֪ٷǡ
˿֮˵һȥ
ȥ¥ǰõķ˿ϣ
ƹĿƱ˼ҵģʣô˹ǼҵĳУ
æͷȻ˵һǳż˼ҽŸתף˿ˣࡣ
ˣǱ߻ϵģóֽֽ滹ӡ֣ġ΢ġѵ֡
ҪǮһ飿ƹ뵽¥ǻһٻҲҪ½Ǳߵ̵ĵϸǻĲ࣬ҲһЩϣǮһ
ôһһ죬ô࣬ÿʮĵģһҲǳɹۡ
ǾͰóˣҲ䷽й¶˳ȥûȥǾ¥ˡ
ܰó϶ǺܹһɣǸæ˻Ƽ۸
˵һʮġ
٣ƹľȵĲ㾪°ͣʮģǽۣһҪʮģ˿ҲǰۣҪʮǮ
ƹȫ̾ûкϹϷŽȥٽгЩҪõ˺⣬˿Ҳµȥ
Ļ¥ĻζȻôƣ˿Ҳǵζûκβ
ƹϣһƹŭǺȣǱ½ǫһѣʮļ۸طȻʮһȥԺܰ˿ļ۸𣿣ʮҪķ˿׬
һҲļҪŻѪУܰװˣˣȥҹүֹ
˰ɡһƹ˵ʮطǮ͵طǮǵûǮⲻһ֣֮Σ˰ӣ˵׼ҪǮ
ղҪѪƹҲʱй˵׼ҪΪٰЩӡٹһʱ䣬ٸǮ㣬ʱֹܲʮ˵ǹүүҪȥŵ̾ˣ𣿻˰ɣγԣ´ĪҪ½ǫˡ

ȥе˳󲻽һ˿
Щ˿ôߺȵļ۸ǾͿƲסԼĹ
иӽ˵ʱĵĶЩڣҪŻȥԱ˵аۻֻҪһʮľͺá
ԭһʮĶ˵ҲܶˣԭҪģֻҪһʮľôĶ͸оǮһˣϲϲľͽ˻ȥ
ؼ֮еڣⶫһóô죿
˺ͺͷƣһҲ׬ǮӣһҾڣƽҲýͰ͵ģ๫Ͷӻʱ򿴵ôĶЩȡ
ƽܼң๫ͶҲ˵̫࣬±ֻ²ۡ
Ӹһ½쳬һ˵ϳԻҪӷ˿
˿ӲǲǸ˼ҲܳԵĶǼҪˣ
ǼҵķӼסĲôõλãŶԺͦˡ
Ƕڸ˵һٷҪԼ߼ǧǼҵһ׷ˡ
ӸϽǽЩļ۸۸һΪƭˣĿ϶ǼٻϽȥ
ΪӻǳһܣǸǳӵģֻ˵һٶǮ͵ѵɣһԵʱѳԣ´ξͲȥˡ
ϱ֮ζƮˣղŻĵ̲סʼ̿ˮˡ
֮ǰһЩ߲˷Žȥʲô㣬Ƿ˿Ҳǻн֮ǾӨ͸ģÿˡ
һֻһһٳһ١
ӿǸԵͷ󺹵ӣͷһɣҪǰ˵ˣǼһܳԵóԵĶ
ӹڣͲ˵ȥͷԻһٹӣԼҲֹһٶǮٷԵãҲͼʮǮԿﰡ
ɷҲһٿ䡣
ǻȥҲԵĻ½ǫ˸ԧĴһ߷һ߷ŷѵϣ˸СͷЩĶζͺá
һţ׹ּ˵½ǫһҴź빬
һ˶סˣϽȫ빬ʲô


121 

½ǫֻһȥ, ǻټˣаһҡ
˵ȻˣҲةһ, ԼһЩӻŮǡ
½ǫͷʾԼ֪, һԻ
׿˿һĿڵĳԷ, ˵ˣһС
δ˵, оһֻСֳסӣͷȥͿС˿ֳ̧ӣһڴĿһԡ
׵һӾ, ͷʣ˿˿һԣ
С˿ƴͷԱߵλá
Ǽ˿˿ϲء½ǫЦſ˵Ļ
Щƽʱ۶䵭, Ǽ˿˿ʱ, ˵˼ˣ½ǫ̲סЦ, Ȼûֵܵס̵
ҪǲԷ, һ˿˿ÿˡ½ǫϽ˸װӹȻ¡
û˵뿪ĻС˿Աߣ˿˿дˣ
С˿иС˿˿, ͽ½ס˵
½ףֲ, ̫ӵˡ׿½ƯС, Ժ󳤴һǰƯС, Ӧȡ͵ֲźá
๫ϣ˿˿˲Ҫģ˸кӵ֡ƽʱ½ǫ˵ûʲô²๫Ҫ˿˿кպҪϰ䡣
׵ͷʾͬȷʵ̫ױ۸ǸЩá
½Ц˵ʺãԺ˺ӣͽ½½㡣
½ǫϽ֣ҪҪһŮ½Ҳ̫ˣһӾ͹ˣ塣
ߺתͷӵʱҲ㣬ӵʱȴһʹĸоûУ꺢ӺָҲǳ죬ûиκӰһ
½ǫ½һҪӵӣǽ˵㿴ûӣŻᣬٿͬˣϸֲԵò࣬ҿ᲻Ƿֻ˿˿һӲҲͦ𣬶һӾͶһ˸ִҵĳ谮
˿˿˵ʲôãĿ
½Ⱳûӣȷʵͬ˿Ÿӽ֮࣬ǰЩӵĸʱҲ˵һЩµĲʹ
ǾΪƽʱܳԱˣҲûж壬ŻǼǮˣøʲôɽ亣ζûУûйϵ
½ǫ̾˿˵Ӧþѱ׸
ȨͷǻһӣҲš
ۺӵ⣬ǱС˿ץԼСӸҨ˸СϺӹȥ
׾ȵĿôСĺӾȻӣһܸвˣ⺢Ҳ̫ˡ
½׿ײӣĶ﷢ѽѽڴߴԡ
ױ·һС磬Ŀʼڻóȡ
½׵ݸСӣ½׸˵ЦˣҲЦˡ
½ǫ׽һ㣬ǺܺģǼ˿˿֮󣬰Ϊʦѧϰɺã
۵Сֿ࣬Σգɰȥбš
תһ룬Ҳˣܻ½ʮʮܻ꣬½һ
˵ҪԽ̵ʣԸѧϰ
ѧ½ǫ½ԲСԴСҪȫ淢չ
½Ȼ˵ʲôĪоһ񺮣̲ס˸¡
ŵ˿˿ˡ۵Ĳˣ᲻˿˿ôĿ࣬Ŭ׬ǮΪ˿˿Ժǵô
ô㣬˿˿ԺߴѧϰҲԾùģ½ǫʼԿ䣬û취˭ǵĻôء

һ磬һ˴룬빬ˡ
׼һСᣬҲˣةԳҲһͬˣة໹һޣСӡ
һλˮɫȹɣﻹһһĺӣʮӡ
ϼˣ˵غܣ˿˿ƣϴμʱôСתۼͳôˡ
½ǫ˵⻰˵ģ½Ѿʮ߰ƵģֻǱϴμʱ˼¶ѡ
½ǫ½׹ȥûϿ˿
½һ㶼˾Цһ˫۾ˮģ˭˶ϲ
˫۾Ưһ̲ס½ǫ˵˾䡣
½ǫ⻰ͷȥ½ף½ʵߣ˫۾½ǫ۾Բ࣬½ǫ۾ĸʮƣһֱҲû½׵۾
ϼɻ󣬸͵:˫۾βƣƣ˵ĸоһ
½ǫŷӦʲôÿ½׵ˣϲ
ȻСӳÿɰϲҲÿ˶ôҵϲЩԾ
ѵ½Ŵĸ׵˫۾˭˶ᰮ
½ǫɵõҲ֪Ǹǻ
ǮD½ǫ˵˿˿Ҳ
϶ǮDεЦЦ֮ǰ˵ⱲҲ빬ô
ǮDҪ»϶˿˿Ųء
ǰѻ񶾵ķȥ룬ϾڻʹϵĵϣЩҲûбҪ˵̫ˡ
ة½ǫ˵ҵĺӲ󣬲ҺӶΣ
½ǫû뵽ͻȻ˵⻰δڣة֮ǰܾŮĻ£κǵĻ£ҪһӰɡ
СӳҲСкÿһ࣬ǲᣬʮҲǸٷĿɡ
֮ǰةԳȥ½߶Գȥ˺üζûܳɹ½ǫעةԳӰѾЩֶΣȻϺٳҲУԳȴ
Գǲģϲ½ǫķΧҲƲ½ǫ½ǫҲϲʵ޷¼Ĺһϲˣѵõķĸס
ҺʮѹһԵͷųˣ˵ҪǸһֱȥԾة˿ڡ
뵽һ½ҽףз·ִܸҦһŮҲҪҦĺһ·߲ͨǾӸҦŮһ
ϵͦҽ׵ģ鵹ǲǫ翼ǿǣǿҪ˵ˣ˿˿ǸҲޡ
ةæͷǱȻģҼҵĵ
ĵͷ½ǫȴˣ£˿˿ģ˿˿ԼˣԼ뷨ԼԼˣѡɡ
ҪˣԺ˿˿ϱ˼ҵӣǼҲȢֻ˿˿ȥС檣Ը⣿ʡ
ȻǲԸ⣬Ҳ䲻˿˿½ǫش
ҪǴˣ㷽˵Լµ˵ˣ뿴λش
½ǫ˵ǺӲҪԼԼȥܿ࣬Ȼ취͵͵Ǹˡ
Ҫ൱ɾҪ˿˿ĺøףĺĳЩˣ˭Ҳ۸˿˿
ֻôܵŻϵ˵˸˵΢Ե̵˿˿˵Լ£Ժ˭Ҳ˵׼һ˿˿ϲةҵСүء
⻰ͷة˵Ȼ½ǫ˵ˣ¾ȶ£˿˿⣬Ǿգ⣬͸ҵСӳס
˵޶£ǴӦˣԺͲȢңί˿˿
⻰˼ةҵӲ׼˼Ҷˣֻܵ½ף½ײ飬ҵҲ׼飬½׸ҽˣԺͲ׼檣һֻһ
ةȻǵͷӦˣкöҲòڽӴֻҪܸ½ҽףԸʹˡ
ӦЦŴȤԺҪʱȥ½߶ˣСĶ飬˿˿ϲҵС
ة࿴˿һԵССܵĺϣͣ͹ؾصСƵġ
Сһȥة顣
ǸǴһҲһּ尾һȥɡ½ǫҺȻС罻ţ֢ƫƫѽѽ˵Сû׼йͬ⡣
½ǰڼҵʱֻһȺΧţ⻹ͷһμСӣһСһһСӣСһ½װԼСͳǣʱʱЦſɿˡ
л˵
½ףôδˣУ棡ҲҪ
δ򣺡֪᲻㡣


122 

½׷ǸԼһЩĸǰ, ߣҲǰ棬еᡣ
ǸСһЩĸȴܿɰֶ, , ˻Ӥ﹵ͨͨ
ʮӻ˵һЩ򵥵Ļ, ½ְֻᷢʣҲְ֪ʲô˼, ƽʱֻиʣСԴϾΪ½Ϲġ
˵½ɴ˵Ҳѽѽ½׹ͨ
ؼҵʱ½׻᲻ãСֳʮӵĸ첲
ϼ״Ц˵Ȼ˿˿ϲСʮ, ˡ
½׺⻰ŵøϽɿֻ, תͷ˽ߵĻȥˡ
ȥ·, ½׻ѽѽĸ˵·˵СĺܿƵġ
Щĵ,˿˿Ժ󲻻Ҫ޸ةҵӰɣС̫Ű, ˿˿ˡ
ҿ˿˿Ҳϲ߾ͷİɡ½ǫ½׵ԴԺǼ˿˿϶ǸԣҲˣҲӦð˼ڼͷ, Ҫڸϡ
ʲôǸ£ʡ
½Ҳ̧ͷ½ǫ, Ҳ̽
½ǫƬ̵, Ϊ顣
½Ƶ, С֡
߱ӶòУ˿˿ϵĵӸˡ

ǽ컹㿪ģȴˡ
ʺڵ˽˽ӣ˵½ǫ˹˿Ҿ¥ʮӵ飬ֱӣǷ
Ȼ˵Ҫ½ǫһ빬磬ڻߵ˲
ʮӵƯĵʥ裬ǰҫİڻϸҲʺѪӿ
ϣ½ǫӺԼǸӲ˴֮ûٻϹӣĸû䣬ôƢҲֻܿŭ޲ðɱˣʮӸͨĻ衣
һԵ̫ʺʺǣ˵½ǫ˲ȥʲôǲǿͷ¡
ͷʲô£ʺ۾һתͷǸ̫˵˼仰̫ȥˡ
糯ʱ򣬾йԱϱǱˮֵ顣
֮ǰˮ֣عԱΪ˰ȥղ£Ҵʳȥ֣ղδطɽˣˣʳҲˣȥ˵ڶλղҲǲ
˵½ǫȥ½ǫҦӵĶӣܾЩ⳯¸ûܰ˴ˡ
˵½ǫôʵΪ˸ԼȡһĸΪ˾ˣΪ˾ˣΪβȥ鷢ĵطأ
½ǫ㱻Щ˵ĻЦˣⲻǵ°
˵ǱߵˮУԱΪղȥһһĺŲܡ
Ҫȥô죿߸ո˺ӣ½׻Сܸһ;档
ȥǱҲȥεģǾ֣һһСӹȥһȾô죿
ŴҽǲУܶಡβãԼ޶һȥðա
ҾҲ˰æţҪȥҲֻԼȥ
ȥˣһ궼زҲûֻû˼ˣ
ةվԣ˵½ǫᣬûо飬ȥҲﲻʲôæŪһҡ
˶ܿĳةű½ǫǰű½ǫ½ǫȥ
Ҳ½ǫô˴ǰȥգ½ǫ˺ӣһ·ϣҲ̫ˡ
д˵½ǫҦӵĺӣӱȻѳ顣
Ǵ˴ǰȥܿգɹľǣͻиӵĺӡ
⻰Ҳ
ȻôҦӵ˶ҦӵݣҲûж˻ȥݼ
Ǵ˴½ǫֵĺãôиҦӣĳȥݼ
ԭҪҸȥԱǲȥȥҲһЧ֮ǰ鲻ɸӹȥѵ˸ɱӲɣǼֱҪ췴ˡ
룬͸˲½ǫ
̾ڳ˵ˣ½ǫȥ֡
һԵû뵽ϾȻӦЩֲ
ܿ뵽Ӧ֮ߣȥǱضȥģʱϾ˵飬۱ôȰûá
ȷ½ǫİȫ飬˴ǰȥգŽǶӱһͬǰȥ
»˼ãɵŽŽıȨˣֻǧˣȥɽ˵ûûʵǱ
룬ŽҲˣûбȨһǧе˴󲿷ֶˣҲʲôˡ
½ǫҲǲԣǻϾּŽؾŽ˾ǣ½ǫһȥ֡
½ǫؼҺ󶼲֪ô˵
߻ᵣ᲻á
ǰЩΪѧÿ˲ܼһ棬ʱ߾Ѿܲˣһ߾Ҫһصģܵݿ
½ףʱ½ǲǶǲְˣһӹ塣
ǴһȥǴһȥǼҺӲͳضͯˣҳߣֻһţҲ̫ˣϵȷʵһС˵Ǽ˺
ؼʱ֪Ҫζ˵߾ȻѾ֪ˡ
˵ղ˷ܹܵŽҪˣҪһ½ǫȥˡ
˵ˣҪŽ
½ǫһģҵļƻˡ
๫ļƻʲô
½ǫ̾ûиߣҲҪ˵µģˣ˵˱˵˰ɣ·;ңԶҼգ׼Լȥ˿˿ھ
ֻ᲻㡣½ǫסߣ˱˴ϣŽҪһµʱ䡣
ֺһѹڴϸ˸ˬ
һֱҹ˲Ž˽⼸ο¡
֮ߺſͷϣᴭڻζƵġ
ⷴӦ½ǫһǹˡ
չȥߣô˯ʲô
룬þöû͹ˡ꺢Ӻ½ǫһֱǼ£߷·ֻصǵĵһΡ
½ǫ⻰һ㶣ץڻ̧ǼԽԽˣʲô˵ˣˡ
߰ϣˣúˡ
½ǫӣҪˣ߶ҪҪһΣһЩѾ˯ˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


123 

峿, ʱоŲ׼ϢһᣬȻȥͿ½ǫ緹ˡ
˿Էܲ,ôˣôûȥϳ
˼ͬ˵˳
Ȼش,Ȼ, ⶼʲôʱˣҲ, Ȼ˸֪ʲôˡ
½ǫЦ˵Ҫ˺üˮô֪ܲʲô
ͨ죬½ױĸȥסһ죬Ȼ½׶ʲôˡ
֪ˣ˵͵ʱˣ½ǫ߹ȥ򣬿Ĳ˺üǺ, ̲סֵͷÿۼһڡ
Ķ㿪ʲôϵĲȥϳ, ڼҸҺ֡
, ҶβܻŻʹĸ׼һµļ, Ҳڼ㡣½ǫʵͦһȥ, ̫Σˣ᲻ܿ
˵ܻŻһҲĵĻδ˵ڣ½ǫ, ๫, ˭˵ңһŽݻ, ŽϹս, ɽɵľܰˡ
˵˲١
֮ǰ߶ĸɵûȫţ̫ʵˣǺʱһʹĸоûУ˿Ҳ漣ĺˣȫĸǳˣʱ̱һҡ
ȥׯ漸죬ɷɣҲþûԼŹˡ½ǫ˵Żյ˵ˡ
˵ţ½׾Ǵܵſˡ
һϲ½ˣܹǡ
Ͻȥţ˿˿ô磿
½׻С֣ͷ߬ŵһǣѽѽĽŵ
ŷ룺Ϸ˸һǣһֱץûóԣ˵Ҫԡ
ֻģûְһ飿½ǫҲ߹װԴװʡ
½⻰գһ˫۾װɵֺ˵
½ǫԴһѣ֮ǰ˵˵ӣ˵Ҫϸĺţ½׵ʱࡣ
ӻͣͳһǵݸ½ף˿˿ְ֣ǰְָ˿˿˿˿һ飬һ飬òã
½۾Ŀǣĵͷ
һڳΣׯϵеضʳ
½ǫԭƻŰԱߵׯҲͨһֵء
ǸǴӵׯӣԷ˵򣬻İ
߱½ȥӱ߿С㣬½ȴ˺ӱߵܣҪץһֻ档
Σ߸ץһֻСĹΪŵֱСӻẦ£˭֪½׾ȻһץǳƵķ︧
½ǫղŷԸׯ׼ںӱտͿ½ͷһֻܡ
ССһֻܣ½ǫ߹ȥ½˵˿˿ԣŵȥܳԺģȻ˿˿Ҫҧˡ
½ǫϸ˵Ϳ½ſһֻ֣һëë档
½ǫ
½׵ëëιСܳԡ
Ҳûɶʱץĳӣŵ඼ᵽɤۣǰ϶Ҫŵüˡ
ڱźӣŵӣϽܷȥŻȥϴˡ
ϴɾ֮󣬺Ӿˣﱧȥ˯ˡ
ٻʱ򣬷½ǫһСҪȥ𣿡
Ҵȥ½ǫ뵽ЩϵӰȥԼ᲻̸ȥ԰ӰûĿˣԻ
ϴʱһӰû취̨翴
дһд£ų̨磬Ȼݳ
ϷҲͦ½ǫͲǵĳǻԸĳ˵̨ʵģ˵׻ģÿ˶öġ
ʱܸ߶һԼĿˡ
½ǫź棬ӦֵɻԺ⻮˳ժɻ
ɻ̫ˣȥǼҺһЩ๫뻮ʱڼﻬˡ˵
ȶ컹Ū̻½ǫ˵뵽һأ˿˿һһ𻬱
½ǫ뵽˺ЬԳ˫һ档
һׯһҵʱ䣬Ǳ߷֯ˣ½ǫһȥ˿
л׼ˣнʦרŸŮ÷⼸Ů½ǫ֮ǰѡģǵ鳤ѧ֮ٽˡ
֯ĲһļԴŮҪë߳ĶһЩ֮ǰЩڸĴһЩ
٣ׯճɲôãŮǮҲߡ
ҹﶼŮˣҲ±ɧţٷ˲Ů
вˣ½ǫ˵ʱá
ȥ֣ȻǱŪòˣǨȥǱҲȥĳӹ֮иĴ
½ǫתһȦú⣬ȥתתҽ˶Ū˼ʳãʡĳԷʱ̫ˣһŪ˸ѧãÿǰڿΣɨɨä
๫ڼ޸½ǫ֮ǰ˵ֱһݳ޵顣
ǣ½ǫֻ˻ΣȻЩֻţһ๫·ϳ˵ʲô⣬ô죿ҪҲһ๫Һһȥ
Ͳ˿˿ǵˣ½ǫ˿˿ܣһҪ˿˿ߡ
Խǵ½ǫҪʱߵԽǵ䡣
һ뵽ӣѹȥҪҲҪҪúõģǾ͡
½ǫ̧סͣҪflag
ߣ
½ǫһ˵ôôģһ㶼·ϣʲôҪ˵
߸Ͻսͣ˵ˣ๫·ϡ
ʮŽˣ׼öͿԳˡ
½ǫΪԷһЩ˼ǧʳ˲ӷڴ
½ǫ죬Žһˣ̵Ѿ߶ûУסôլӣôˣ߾һ½ź򣿡
½ǫϲź򣬴ԽǰҲвӶˣЩӶ˾Щ飬ûź·ϴͷЩ
Խͷˡ·÷ˣǰ鷳Լϰ˰æż߻ͷ·ҲǷ޼Ȥ
Žڰ֣ҳˣˡ
˵⻰ʱʳҩÿʳ涼һֽдſԷŶ죬ʲôÿҩ϶дż೤ʱ䣬ʲôõġ
ˣŽü˵뾩֮󣬺ö˶㶨ףܾˣԺֻһˣǺҷɳԴףŲźɣҲԵġ
ֻǲϰ߱źҡ˵ֻһˣⲻǺһôΪζ겻ȢǷΪװһأ½ǫ
ŽЦԣ˵ûװôһ˾͹ˡ
߸ź˶ָ˵˺һĻĸָ𣬡·Сģ㲻õģһҡ
½ǫͳһԻÿ˿˿˵ǰְ֣ˡ


124 

յŻ, ̲סһЦˣЦЦž̲סˡ
ȥҿ½ǫ½ǫᵣ
½ǫȴ, ɾ,ô᲻, һȥɡ
⻰һ, ôС
ȻҲȥǲʵ
½ǫģųȸҳ, ׯǱٰ
ߵͷſ, Ըˡ
û˵ʲô, ˵ĻЩӶѾ˵ˣھıš
û뵽, ԼһҲΪĳ˵ķֱ, ֱֻʱģǻټʱ
һֱ͵˳ׯǱߣ߲˳һûٿޣЦſ½ǫԶȥ
½ǫ˵ںС, ûа취, ȹ꺢, , ϶Ҫźһȥ
ٹ꣬ٴһЩҪѧˣǳž͸ˣӶѧϰﻹ˼ȥ븸ĸ
һ·ŽͣǧˣȻϲ࣬ȫǾ
ǰЩ˶Ϲսɱ˵ģԻֱǴСá
½ǫڳһᣬҲȥ
˿ŽĽʿǣûˣĿܾʮСˣǲģһλҲʮˡ
˶Ǹʮ꣬ʮˣмλʮġ
ȻˣȴĿ࣬һȭܴͷϻ֡
½ǫҲĸߴ󣬻ؼǷȺ룬ȴԵࡣ
磬㻹ðɣȦˣɩӵʱ޵𡣡
һ´ҶԸϣ󲿷ֻҽڣ˵Ǳɳ۾Ų˵ΪԼϲ˿޹Ż۾
½ǫȴ󷽳ˣһɩˣңһȥһᡣ
ҿֻصˣ˵Ҫȥһᣬܻɣ
ѶϣΪһ޵۾ˣһҵǸܻȥޡ
ŽӦŽҲЩŮ鳤ˣ½ǫ̸̸ҪŴҵޣ׶ҡġ
½ǫȴ˵ֲǴ̣ôظ鲻Ҷҷɺã˵ҶԱҲã˭Լ˶ãô˶˲øô
Žȫ˵ˣԼˣҦţһˣһı½ǫҪӿš
¾ȥˣǼ·½ǫҲû˸ճǰǰܣֻЩ꣬һЩȥߡ
γҪµ·̡
һ¹ȥʱ½ǫϵͳʾˣˡ
²һǹʼˣЧ滹ôˡ
ҹ˾ʱ͵͵Ľ˿ռ䡣
һյɵĽʾ
ӣװһǧƷĸӡ
ߡºë£ЩŽ˴ǵǱ߾붬ˣЩÿԷǡ
ĽȶĻҪһЩ
ﴢӣһǧöʮš
飬һһ飬ҵļҡܴ򿪡
ҵļʣ뵽֮ǰռԱиéӣǻɫģѵļң
㿪˿ռׯ԰ȻͿǸéӳɫ
ǰϸ鿴һ£éӣֻӡ
Ա߻иϵͳŵһ£Ǹдšҵļ1ʮɴһ˽롿
½ǫһû뵽ֺùܣԺԴ߽һơ
뵽˸ոõʱ򣬺ᵽһټܴ˽ѵҵļҪôʱʮ
˵ҲˣıǰĹ
ֿ˿رСҲ˼㡣
һǸռֲʱͬڿռûк
͸߼һ㣬̰ٷ֮ʮֲʱ䡣
֮ǰ鿨ʱ鵽˲ٶϣĸһЩ
ֵ㿪
ÿʽϸûʲô̫
ֱ߷߻޲֯˿
½ǫһⲻôȫˡ
˲ˣһѷ˿̨еˣֻܰЩڿռ䴢øոսﴢӣԼֽﴢӣȻЩûеطţѵӵ·
Ҫǿռܸžͺˣ԰Щڼȥ
½ǫ뵽⣬һռﲻһҵļҡô
ŰѻᵽǸéȻĿԷ̨ºˣҲװ
Ҳеôˡ½ǫ֣ŽȰѿˣ˿֮ٽ
ȳʮǿȻǿ
ǿظģ˹꿨
½ǫû뵽ֶĿۣ뿴ǽڿռʹãǿóȥʹá
һˣȻõռͷȥãÿεĽˮͣʱСʱҲһʱ
ʱ֪ʲô˹꣬Ҫˣǲܱ˵ˡ
½ǫ⣬ýȻ
ûȫʮŶ⣬ºͷˣٳͳ鲻ʲôˣţ´˵
ֿ˿ǵĿǷϾũٿûʲôʵġ
ЩƬ֮ȥ˿
ˮࡢг
½ǫ۾ûɣгҪʲôг»ǲҪˣ
оЩħãõгֲ֮󣬿ÿˣһôϸ־ÿɹˡ
ǮDֵôཱིˣʦҲǸЩģԶ֣˵ܶҪֱӰг뷨˵ܰ
ʣµͼ򵥶ˣڿռֳ֮󣬻̥
磬ɴҪóʱ䣬˵Ҳðмٿͷ϶ϰϵͳң
ӿռһЩϸ΢춯ˣŽҲˡ
ȻŽɽô꣬ŽǵҲǷǳǿģܿͷ˵ڶԷ֮ǰһˡ
½ǫæϾҲǿй״Ԫˣ򼸸ɽҲڻ¡
ɱһɽ֮ҹ׷ӽɽɽ׷ǵϳһٽ¡
ɽͷѾɱղΪ͢ĹԱǾҷˣЩ˷ˡ
ټ˸Ǵţ˵ղ·ȷϢΪο϶ɸ㶨
˳ȥ󣬾Ϳʼɽկ￪칦磬˲پƣŽɱʱڷ˻˯ͱȥ廨󣬻һˮ˾ơ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


125 

˽Χס, ֵҲ˵ˣʣ޼ˣʱˡ
½ǫʲôͻشʲô, Щٷ˹, ɱղ˵ˡ
Žʵʱ, ȥѲɽկû뵽Ѳ鵽˲ٵʳͽ, ӦöǹԱæ¸ıꡣ
ֵصĹԱΪ˲ղĵؽ״ȻʹֶΣ½ǫ߲ѡ
ŽæЩǮƺʳ¼ڰһŹȥá
ЩǮкܴһֶ֮ǰղõģһ, ټ½ǫľˡ
½ǫⲻˣؽһֵĴׯͳ
εˮ, ˳˸ˮ·, ǿԣȥھˮ· , Ǿÿ, û׼Ūȫƹ㡣
ȫˮ·֮гҲˣû׼һ
½ǫջʱϲȥ롣
Ҫ , ϶Ҫ˵˰ɡ
½ǫͷ, ˿, Ҳ֪ڸʲô
Ҳû˯, ڴǰϵ룬֪½ǫû̧ͷ
ǡ½ǫҲ̧ͷˣ˿̾ڿͬһ
Զϵ˴˵ĶҲֻЩ˰ɡ
ڶһ磬߳Ű£·ϾȻҵԳɡ
Գ鷳꣬ڶĳһҹһҹǮ챻ܹˡ
Ϻ˸ǮˣȥҪҲҲϣ˼㣬ߵСǶߣԼһ˶ߡ
˾װ˸š
ҲһˣղŰ½ȥԼһɢɢ
ϵģ·ϼûʲôˣ£߾ŲԼɢɢ
˭֪ͷһ˶һɢ뷨ڽԳɡ
ԳɵĵһӦǺ£һĿ־巭ӿѹ
ǿԼԿ־壬ԼѾһǸ۸İˣʲô¡
иԼԳɶԣԺô½ǫһԴˣ
ǿԼ̧ͷԳɵʱ򣬺Ȼ֣ԳҲ߲˶١
һӪҲûгٸӣһͲͬˣ½ǫţʲôóԵĶԵĺã泩棬ǱʩʹȵС磬˿̵Ѿһò˪Ĵˡ
ҧԼ棬Ҳûη塣
߿λƵӣһԳɺҲ࣬һ뵽һȻôһҵˣ
Գɺȵ̫࣬ûϳ˭Ƶ߹ȥȴһѾס죬ץӵ˵ϡ
ŵڵϵˣ˼ĿԼ֣ôˣ˵̫ˣ
һԳȥģû뵽Գˡ
ԳɻûѾƣͷ˭ңĸ۵ģ֪Сү˭Ļӣǡ
û˵꣬ͱ죬ְȭ
ߴʱ򣬸оܽѲĹȥһ㡣
ĶԷģɿ֣ǰԳɵĶš
֮ǰԳҲĶӣǰԳǱ߰ǧ֮һ
Լ󣬡ҴˣʣµģԺٻҡ
ԳŶϵڵϴƫƫ·ϻһ˶ûУôڵϹ˺ð죬˯ˡ
ٴʱֵѾУвΧ֡
ǳѾˣԼǵ˴Ķӡ
Ǹ˺ߣе߻ǸСôԸ޸һɵҲԸ޸ÿߣ߶µĲͣˣôеִ
ߴģЩô£
ϵ˭ģҳһһ½ǫֲӣĲ½ǫھûпɽ۸ĺʱ
֮ǰ֮ǰ½ǫǱܹһһֱûнأˡ
ǵȥɣðȥٸһӲźá
Ȼؼҽ˼Сˣ̧ȥθſڡ
ʱܶ࣬켦ģ켦ĻһֱûжϹʼȫ춼ĳֻҪһʱ졣
ʱ˺ܶ࣬Գɱ̧ŵθеſڣûʼͲ㱻ǰĴүˡ
ؤҪȥǱҪȥ켦һߵһȥ
Щү迴ʹˣһԳߵС˶ǡ
Գɼ״󺰣ûˣҴ
û꣬ͱȺһŲϣҲɲȥˣ໵һɤӱ
ⲻԭǶ˵İһɤӺųЦ
ֵҲŹЦ
һԵСܹԳɶ˵ү߲ڳߣ˵ȥθ¥Ǳߡ
ߣȥǱߡԳ˵С˷ȥ
ղȺֵмٸˣǲĻô㶪˵飿
˵ǻĺӣһֱҰ䡣
ֲʹϲֶ̨أǻϵĺ𣿲ϴ˰ɣôһҲ񡣡
ϣ˵ϲ񡣡
ûмǻǾ֮ôܸоƤء
ҵ˵϶ûĻӣܶ˶˵ӡ
ΪʲôˣѵǷϴˣ
ҲǶӵʧ˰ɣ֮ǰӲͱô
ѹգũ
ԳҲ࣬ǰڳаԵ֮һЩˣû뵽֣ϵԺ϶ڰϻ˰ɡ

Գ˷ȥθ˵θ¥ֻдŮͣҪſôһ£϶û˸ҽˡ
鷳Ӱ⣬һá
ɵθſڣҾܣ⻹ûˣ
µܴ¥ϵŮͻжʳͶͷ
ϳĻ֮󣬺öŮͶ̲סü
ԭǰԼҵĸҲԳɽ׵Ĵ㣬ԳɸةҵŮ֮ǵĸ˵СҲС
ô㶪ˣԩҲȥٸ˵ǻӣҲù˼ɻʼҵ棬ô㶪˵飿
ȥٸҲû˰ɣ϶ϲ̬ȣúöԱҸߵ̫ˣȥٸٸҲܰɡ
ֲةԼŮȡ˻ԼȻ޸һӴˣةҲҪˡ
ʳҲ۷׷ףȻ˵ߴⲻЦ𣿡
ֻǸĸôܴ
Ǿǵһˣ£ҵһȤ£˵ǰڴʱȢߣѹû˵ǲǱ
Ǳ½ǫڣߵע
˵׼Ǳһˣ϶òҴţ֪Ȼ³ж
˵ǰϻ˵Ըѵ
Ļδ˵꣬һס죬Ҳͦģʲô˵
Գ£ǰһιȥɻˣΪڴίȥ˼³ܣҽл


126 
ɱ㲻
Գȥ˰ԳʱѾ, Ǳ״ȥˡ
һʱ֮ǰԳθſ±ߴ˵£Ҳȥˡ
߿⸱ٴһ١
һԳǵ˵ܺ, , ˿ڶڲױ˲ĵط, żˣԳɾͻ˵˴¡
ԩ, ĸɣԳɻԼװһˣү
Ƕɲ벻ɹҲԭ, ˲Ŵ˷ɼ¡
֮˵˵̫, Ӧ
뵽ȥЩʱ, ͺ޵֮֮, ҲԱԳ, װ޹
߿Χ֣̾װһԳŵģסؿڣңôܴù, 㲻Ҫſں˵
һ, ôϸ, ôܴĹ㡣·ǰ, ָԳɡ
в˰οߣ˵Ҫ£ǻᵱסԳɣԳǰ˺
Գ֮ǰ˼ŶӣʱۣͦѾûɶоˣۿ࣬ҲмˣԼһˣһ
ǰڴһˣܵǸſô֣ҶָǸΪһô³
û޵ĸͰܻˣԺҲ޲ȥˣǳˣҿ϶Ҫѵһ
ҲѵԺڴҲᱻָָ㣬Ժ̧ͷҳˡ
ӴҲδıʼǵʱ򣬻ÿκ˵ɫϿʱ˵ӡ
ҪǲˣҲǵãȻһУ鶼ᰴ뷨ߡ
ߵ鷳ԭ뷨ǣһվһͷָߣ߼ҵͲˣȻٰȥٸߴһٰӣһǮ
ָĻȫˣ˲ίǸܺƵģ޲õִԼĻӣǸûϰǶץ
⻰ҲˣԳȷʵܳˣԳɱϾĻӣʥѲ⡣
һϵĹϵˣڵԳɣԺԳɱô죿
Χ۵˸еΪѵʱ״Ŷ˹Գɸץˡ
ֹĵҲ̫ˣӶץˣ
ǰֹץλүЩûлϵôţ²ǻϽģ
Գû϶ôˣϿɶҪץȥϾӣҲöʰɣ˶֮󣬲Ѳƶ
˵Գɱߴ˻£ڵûкúõһԳɵͰ˸ӻˡ
ڹڣȴԼãҪҲѴȫƵ˵ϡ
˵ԳԳһǰ˵ѡ
һ̫ƻˣǴ޿Ҧʬǰᶨţİ޾ԲŹǡ
ֻҪҸʲôɣΪʵ۵Ĵ帾ƭأ
ԭϣ½ǫϣϣ½ǫһܻһЩڣðԳһһɷǿԻĵ֣ƭ
½ǫȴٳٲһڡ
½ǫȷʵҲҪ½ǫͷ
Լĸϴף˵Գһ֣Ի˻ϵǣûϴˣôָûˣҦǰȻǻϵĺΪλᱧźӳƫƧɽ֮أ
ֳȥֵ飬Ͱһݸסˡ
ڻϽʱˣְѽԳһ˵һ飬ζͼӴˣԳɾ͵աԱڵϴã˻ǻϵĺô
ԭֻ˵Գȥߵ鷳ΪֵֻôһЩشˣӣ޲̸Ʋϵ
ԳڵȻϴӻҪ
׿Żϵɫµ˻ϵ뷨óһϵȫԳһȥɱ½ǫġ
ûֱ˵Գɲǻ£˵ԳΪλỨô˼ȥɱ½ǫһңǲʲôΪ֪ܡ
һ⻰ѪӿǲٰŪӣҪɱĻӣǿҦĺӣôҵģ
Ҫϴף׽Գɴߺ½һʵ¡
ʱԳɴڶ֮УոսʱŵòУѪ߰ߵǽں̾ߣŵֱˡ
Ҳ²ˣ·Ҳ߲ˣǱŽηη֮ϥǶĥˡ
ηﴫİԼҪʲô
˵ֶκ˭˶һƤȥܳȥõˣǱ뿪ġ
úһ˾ôɽˣԳôֻܲţ֮ιȥһΣ֮Ҳûеȵ˶̣ǿĵ
ﻹ˳ԵĺȵģĵĿ
ԳɿˣͻȻͲˡ
û˵̽ˣ׻ںӵݡ
Գ£ѾǻˣôƤƵģش
ȴҵģֻǹȥָԳû˸ղŵĺ¾ֿʼ޼ɵ˵ɶ˵ɶˣȥſһΣ϶ûˣҲˣ˭ûм޸ң޸½ǫ޸Ǿ帣Ǹ½ǫô⽻һúڼӣÿͷ¶⣬½ǫҲá
ͱ˼½ǫˣѾˣ㲻Լ㻹ϵ棬ڵôһɣʹϸһˣ˵ϻ᲻㡣ĸ̲סӵͷ
ѾүˣҪôҵͷˡԳɲ˵ţе˿ӳԷ
ĸԷص̾˿Ҳǵүץ϶ǻҪһ㳤ԣԺ׼ֳ飬һú飬ڻǰ˵˵û
˵ʲôûץףߣøҵǸСԳ룬ǼٵĻӣ½ǫ񲢲֪Լ궼ûҪϻ½ǫ˼֤һֱΪǻӡ
߸ҴӣϿ϶Ҫͷߡ
ûһᣬ̫ͨ˵빬
Գ⻰һϲѾûмˣ棬֪ίҪ빬
εĳûа׳ûˣ빬֮󣬸߿࣬װװû׼ܲȡϵͬ飬ָǰֺӡ
빬ʱڻʹſڿߺ½֪ΪʲôҪ빬˴Լ빬̫࣬ʲô
Ǹ̫͵˵Ҫ˰
󣿡ԳƳһߣ̲ס͵Ц˵ˣ½ǫֲߣһ˵˶ûУηҪûɱ㲻ɡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


127 
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Ҫ½빬, ҲЩҵģʱԳɻǻӣҲ֪½ǫǻӵ飬½ǫֲھ, ѵҪΪԳ
ԭо;ɲ, ڿԳǸֺ, Ǵˡ
½ߵ֣˵ûдԳɣ
ԥƬ, ½˵Բȷʵһڱǰһ˳е, һҪΪ˵
½⻰°ˣ߬סߵ֣㲻׼, , ˵Ҵģ˿˿С, ûô졣
ߺۿ, ʱߵǵԣǶ˵һ᲻Ҫ˵ʲôʲô
ԭµ˿ˣǿĹǣŵľͷˡ
֮ǰкܶ, װæŻΣ, Ҳæ
빬ʱ, ǮDҲܹ˵Ҫ,Ҫô߲ܴˣˣҲԳɵĴ
ةҲˣ˵½ǫͷ֣ʱܶļҾͷ̫ȻẮ½ǫġ
ǻһûֻԳɺ½ߡ
ǵ˴ڣԳɸæȽһʣϲüȻ󿴶ûһۣ½½ǫģɻǵõҵ½ǫ
Գ⻰̾ͻˣҪֹȴһԵ̫סˣ̫ٶϻϵʻ׹ߡ
½֪ΪҪ⣬ȴ˲䶮ô¡
½Ȼ֪ΪλʣһһʮĻشˡ
ش֮߻һ䣬˵뾩֮ǰȥ½ǫĸףȴַбڿĺۼ½ǫģѷڿ˿ʬǶʧˡ
ʬǶʧĻһ飬Ϊʬڳġ
ʣģ
½ͷϡ
ʵ½ǫʱϿɴ塣
½˵Ůûκ鱦ΣҲûУһǮûУ¶˰ȥֻʣˣҼʱŸոն
ոն߬ȭͷҲ׹ôˣԳһȫ
Գɶŵˣøոڶһؿӣ򲻳ˣȻһΡ
ûһᣬԳһҾͱϵڣԳɵĵֳǺͽǹһš
ĸԳɵģɽϼģ˵ʵ
ĸ˵ʵһҧǼġ
ۿȷʵɽϼҦĺǲǣֻ㿴ĸӶʱҦδ㲻ȣ̲ȫ͵ˣ㣬벻ǣ
ĸŵ̱ڵأǣϣûУҼʱѾˣ
㵱꽫ȻȥҲЫĳѾ⣬ˣȻǲԸϣǾͽһȥʡ
ʻϣǷҪǵļ߷õ飬ѯһԳɵ
ϵͷȷʵúúòһ顣
Գ⻰ѾԼԶˣµǽ̡
ûȥ˵֪ηǸղ˶˶Щ̾ߣ˵ĺһĴˣǸԱƽҪ棬ǰǶżӣӲκ˵ͷ
ڶﱻѪģʱҲģһֻĹһ㡣
Ӳͷˣôܰù̷
ˣæ˵˵ʵɣǸ޷ŵù̷
ĸɫ԰׵ĿԼĶӣ˵ʲôҸղ˵Ķʵ
ԳѾŵĻ궼ûˣſڵϲͣظϿͷϣҪðӣԼǲģҪͷûйϵ
ɶô˵ԸֵĿԼĶӣ֪Ķûû뵽ȫĹͷ˵ֻ
Ҳˣִ棬ŵ˵ɫ԰׵ļҪȥ
ĸˣֻóϣƭģɶʲô֪ҵĻΪǻӣ¸ûκιϵһжģҪͷһɡ
ۿһңԳɣǲǣ
Գæͷ̫ˣʲôȥ
ϳ˼Ƭ̣ѡһȫһͷ
ѡԳɻȻ˵æ˵
ϲõü˵꣬Լס˵Ҳ֪飬ϾҲ㵱һԼ޵ӣֻǡ
ԳǰͷĻһˣϻǵĸ֮飬ϵҲȻصǿ̸Ҳ˻ϺͷǸֻǺͣˡ
ϵĻҲܷŭһͺϣһϣ֪ԳƭˣȻҪԳӣ
ֻ׹۲쵽˻ϵı鲻Ծ֪¶˿̵ıʱҪˡ
ͣƬ̣ڵѡڶ޵ӣҪ޷ǣԱߵЩ˶ƭŪ޵ˣЩ˸Ҫɱǡ
Գɾֵ˫ۣ㶵ĿŻϣǱ˻һ
ϵĲһ䣬٣Զ̡
Լ˶ŻˣǳԳɵĸ첲·˵㲻ѡڶ֣һһ
Գ֣ҡͷҲһûл
ǾͰ˵㲻᲻Ұɡ
ҸңҸңԳɲסĿͷȫţ˵ʲôӦʲôֻҪܻȥûн˵ʹһӡ
ͷ̫ˣͷҪӲϵڵϹȥѪӲ
֮ǰȥƹһοͷ֣ʱֻһ¿ˣȴδ»ᷢԼϡ
ҪΧſͷ밤һ
ļ˵ҡ
ô飡
ɶҲµȥ֣
ΪԼôܲǵ
ʱô˵ƾʲôһԳɿŰҪֻҪӲԼϾͺã
һԵ½״ĴҲסˣþ޷
һԵԹۣһһĥԳɴҲǴ޲ҪˣһԳԲٵޱȵʹ졣
ɱԼļˣڱ˵һֱԼʹĥ
߾Գɲ뷨˽⣬Գɾôһ˽Ѫҵķ
ҲţƲԳɣԽջ𣬵ôôһûϢӣ껹Գɸֱ޳ܵСƣ
ϰ˰֣ȥɣ
Գһұ֮󣬻˵˼仰ߺ½˵½ǫϻ½ǫ
ǰпվʹ˿˿빬档
˿˿ʮһĻǶ顣
˵ǰ½׹ʮӽи磬Ҫʮˣֶͬˡ
½Щ¶ˣԭĺӾȻǻӣ
ȥ·ϣȷϣ˵ǵǫǻӣǫǻϵŮˣ
ߵͷҲ֪ϲǺõģȻ½ǫδ˵ĸڻǱ߾ʲô
½ǫ˵Ҫɱ˻ϣػ϶½ǫĸֵܶ顣
뵽һԼԳһĥǸӡ
ҲҪߣȴûǸᣬòӻعһΣԼ׵ͻȥˡ
ֺڰĿ־壬£ʱᶢ½ǫЩҦӵĻһԶŮӣƾʲôҲҪĴǸǻϣҲ䲻ҦӵģҪ˵ȥ˺
½Ҳ뵽ʲôԼҵûˣ½ɺ±ѹ˵ҲǸõģǫﱧź뿪Ǳ͸ģҲ֪ǫԸԸϻ
ˣ˵½ǫ˵Ҫɱ˻ϣȻֿ½ǫ͸¶ҦӵĺӣⲻŸ߻ǻϵĺӡ
½ǫӦǾ˻ӣʱ빬ڻϺ޷֮֡
һ뵽½ǫҪд̻ϣߵ;ҵȻǺµģ½ǫ£Ҳ֧֣ǻҲϧ

½ǫѾֵأ߿һſڵѯ½ǫǵ⣬˵½ǫղǽǣ˵ĹԱǶڵǵ
һ˽˳ǣֳɨĺܸɾϻԼСģź
½ǫЦҡͷʱˣֱ湦򣬾Ƕɵ𣿻ţ
磬ⶼǼٵģ
Щ඼Աݸǿģֵǹƶǲˡ½ǫ˵Ÿ˵һᵽ˵طֱˡ
ͷһϵ֮ǰɽͷ˵ģССĹԱС
ĹԱҲѾܵĺˣȻôܳȥ
ץ֮Ұʡ½ǫкˣ˲ܷŹҲԩ
ǵ︮õʱ򣬳˴ССʮλԱɫ̫ãҲ˲
Ǹ½ǫ˵ε̫أǷ˺ˮˮȥָ֮ɺѾˣԼȫҵóˣ̫࣬ǵ̫΢ˡ
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


128 
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½ǫվſڿϷ, һԵĶסˣ½ǫ˵磬ǻǣҲǲûôǸɽͷӹԩǡ
½ǫ㻹̫, Ƕץ
ץ, ץĲĵʡ
ŽԱҪĶ, ֮ǰ½ǫ͸˵˵طץ, Ž˵ֵµ˹ȥ˶ץˡ
ЩԱһ񣬹شԸ˵ԼΪΪ񸶳ô࣬Ҫԩ, ûˡ
ǺʱͷöգҲ, Ǵԩ, ǼҴǰӵĺù١
ôճĺЩǶʼ, óսɱ, ó԰ǡ
ǿ½ǫ뿴½ǫҪôڵ⡣
½ǫûκεһץǼס˶ٺô
ЩİǶŻ, ǹ, ԩˡ
ŽҲЩԥ, ½ǫɼ, Ž˶ץʡ
õŸϣڳĹԱȫץˣץ˵һˡ
½ǫȥ￴ûеطŵ˶˭
ŽֵµĽʿȥη￴һۣͷˡ
ЩʿŽ½˲ҪЩչصηȻЩηķ˶˰ɣ½˿žͲô׵ӡ
Ž˵ȻϽ񣬾˵й˵ǲҪ졣
Ȼû֤Ҳп֤ԼݵĻ֤ÿ˷ʲô¶м¼½ǫŽ˰Щ˲һ飬ļ¼Եϡ
ôһŲ鵽Щһ϶񣬸Ƿˡ
ղץЩҲʲôգЩԱǼ˼ٰġ
ղŻ½ǫĽʿȫѵͬʱҲ½ǫ
½ǫȥȫǺܱ߸Ƕͳһ£ͳƺ֮󰤼ҰǮʳüʩĵص㣬ÿٵĸʩࡣ
ǳȥ󣬳еİղ࣬Ҳˣŷ֣ǽ֮󿴵˶ЩԱǵ˼ٰġ
е˾ֻʣһЩ˼ңһЩӵ̼֡
ķݱˣˮ֮µľưܵķݣЩطƵݣԭǸӣڳһӿˡ
ǻȥ½ǫ˵ʱ½ǫ鲻ԣȥ˼ˣҲֻһˣ߳ҴһʮˣЩȥˣ
½ǫ֪Ŵ˿٣һֺֻܾܲʣô˰ɡ
ѵҪллЩԱû
ȥЩİգ˵ˮָոշûþӳȥһֱ֪˶ܵȥˡ
½ǫ̾˿ֲߵĹԱԸղأһ̰ۡ
һ˶ûˣ˿ճˣҪó֪͢ˣﰡ
½ǫһٶλ˳УҲòȥö෿ҲˣλøߣĲϺãˡ
Ȱѳеļصķݸһ£סȥȥܿ
ĴӴ½ǫ˵ǱɽһҦǱߵɽ·ȫˣԭҲˣҪȥֻȥˣǶˣȥɡ
½ǫ˿Ǹλλøߣ·ֶˣû׼ӵǱȥѻزˡ
ȥһҴ½ǫ˵
ŽҲҪһȥȻҦֻһʯҲҦӣʯҲܻһЩԼе˼
ûȥ̫ˣﻹҪˡ
ǵ˵ط֮ŷﻹʲôӣɳСϪˡ
½ǫ˵ĺӣ
ģҲСӰɡ
ӶˣǸɽ£Ȼڸɺԭȵɽ·Ǳˮûˣʯͷݲݶϵɽǳѡ
Ŀɽķ򣬡ҪһˣǲҪˣСʱûͺˣҾܸһ˯ҽ˯ǰ¡
½ǫ뵽СʱԼ֪СѶûʱҲĸûöá
Ž˵ûʱڰҦһʱ䡣
½ǫû뵽£ֲǶ׵ܵһãôľĽ书ԭΪˣ˭أԭͷϵ
ǲ춼˲ɽҲǼոǿǳ˸ȥʵ̫ˡ
ɽϵˣƫƫҦȴͦţ˲Сݣбקӡ
ֻߺúõģлģǲˣ½ǫ
½ǫ۲һ£Ĳ϶ϳ˵ģ˵ʱȫضҪգҲû˸͵ϡ
·ҲֲĺۼֻЩֲﱻ˰ˣƤҲǹˣ֪ΪЩݻڣӦˡ
ˣܹȥţû뵽վ˺öˣ޵üˣǳſڵʱͷ˶סˣΪ׷ɱˣǴе⡣
½ǫ״˵ǲҪ£ǲǻˡ
ǲţָָҦ񣬡ǵġǲţԿǰĹʲô
ղ˶ڿſڵķ򣬸ûע⹩ҿȷǣ¸ûκζڴȥһȻһʳ
ѾþûгԹʳˣѸҶƤԵĲˡ
Ϊطˣֻˣҳ˻˻ҲţΪ飬һֱˡ
ֻҰƤҲɲ˶ˣھȻôʳˣ
½ǫĺŽסˣҦģˣ
𣿡
½ǫסԼı鲻ҪոЩʳʵӿռóģַһռ似ܣ߷ΧڵĵطֻҪȥ뽫ռʲôŹȥǶ͹ȥˡ
Ҽʳ֮½ǫĻ½ǫأ˵ʱˮ֮Ͷ㵽ˣɽϵ·ˣȥףҲˮˮûˡ
Ҳûȥˣһֱˣ֪˵Ķ
½ǫ˵ǰʳˣԺÿ칩¶ʳȴҳԱˣһɽ
½ǫȻȥ֪ͨһ³ĽʿŪɽ·ôȥ

ʱʱᴫ½ǫǱߵʳĴţҲյ½ǫţÿţ߶ر𼤶ȲľͲ𿪿
ÿŷﶼҪװüҳֽдݴ黰Ȼвʲôòã벻
ʮͷ˴ѩƿһѩһ߿ţһſ꣬תͷʱÿ˴ðѩϻ½ǫ
ôˣ鲻ǻûаꣿ߾ȵĽͷ⣬ΪԼ˻þ
½ǫ˵ߺ󣬾Ȳסȥ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


129 
ֻˣ
½ǫôĻ, 鿨ʱ鵽һšſʱȥȥȻѡؼҿߡ
ȲˣֱƳ˴, Ӵ˽, ֽӹ, ߾˴
һƸ½ǫŸ߽˵²Ҫ˿˿˵, ϾҪȥˡ
Ϊʲôܾ֣½ǫ̫Ϥˣǰݳ½ǫĲɻˡ
һķܸ˵Ժٸ㡣½ǫ˵ֱһᡣ
ʱҲڣﶼʲôûУ½ǫߵָ
,ûʲô£Ͱ, г, ¥ͳҲйµڹҾżȥ, ˾ͺ, ɵĺܡ
˵˿˿˲٣ʢҸϣةǴСӹ棬ϵСӹ˿˿, ˿˿˺ü, ÿ춼ֺǺǵġ
˵Գɸһ, 涯ˣ½ǫе㲻, 뵽֮ǰôԳɣпģϱûܹԳɵܴԳҲпܵġ
»Щ̫˼ڽϿ˳־ʹˡ
ΣյԺ󽻸ɡ½ǫ߰Գɴ˵»ǿ½дᵽģʱΪ½дˡ
Щ½Ҳʼѧϰд֣Ȼˣѧʲô죬дҲһ
½ǫʱԥƬ̣ǲˡ
һ߱Գɸأʱ̳պſ͸Ͻﶼúõģͷˡ
ʲôΣհ߲м˵ǸԳɣ·ˣһ̧֣Ͱק˸ͷüȭ޻֮
½ǫ⸱ӣѸմԽʱǸСϵһȥ
ڵ߸ҫۣҲӿɰ
߿ԼЦɻôңǲǾҺ᣿Ե޹ʵȥˡ
㲻Ե޹ʣ϶˺ܶί½ǫرŭί˾͸ñȥԺҪѹԼõȥȻԺû˻ᣬ϶һӣҹ˾ʱ򣬺޵ҧгݡ
һ£Һʱˣ
½ǫЦץס֣֮ǰżҹҧ
һ죬˯ĥ˵̫׬Ǯ˲Ż˯ʱĥôûĥݣ๫׬ǮǸŮƶУ๫޲ð˿ڴǮߡ
½ǫŸԼ⣺Ҳϣ׬Ǯ
ȻҾиǮĶߴ
ûŬ׬ǮΪҹϸõ½ǫ˵̲סЦſؿЦ˺ð졣
ˣһ£ȱЦˡ߰ѻ֪ӣԳǼٻӣһԳٴļ˵˵ˡ
½ǫ̲֮סüϵֶιȻݶַʽĳ
ְ̧һüƽϵȷʵһЩԳԼѡ񣬻ϸѡ񣬸һͷԶ֣ѡ˺ߣԼ˲ȥ޻ϣǰѺŵԳϡ
๫֮ǰ˵ҪԸϣǻϿҲǺöԸģʵǺ¡߽§ס½ǫ½ǫһԳ
ģҵļƻ߲Ҫġ½ǫڵ˵Ҫɱ˻ϵľЩ鲻֪Ͳŵˣʱ䵽ˣˣڼҺúõġ
߻𣬾ͿҴҴ·ˣͺ͵һ
һãȻȥͷ˰죬Ҳûҵߣ̽ʱ˼û½ǫ
ֻΪ̫˼½ǫˣǸ˯ѣƸղε½ǫɡ
ǰο߼䣬ΪԼҲˡ
½ǫڼңȻ٣ǰʱȴ֣ö͡
ةҲС½档
ǸСкˣѾö˵Ļʲô˼үүǸ˵Ҫ½׺һЩ½Ժķɡ
½׵ʱ򣬾Ͱ½׵Լˣ½ʱ½ףԼѹǮָ½һ롣
½׾һ̫࣬ȤˣǸϲõС档
֮Լ˾ҪˣԳִС
һҪִУ뿴ĿԹȥ
һ˵ûô󣬿ͷҪجΣҪ˵ˡ
ȴȥˣۿš
Լ˺ԳɿվͷߣԹߴԳɣԳҲᱩ¶ݣ
ȴͷǣ¶˿ı顣
ǿʼִ֮߻ǳܲסѪȸУ̲סˡ
ؼ֮󣬺üӲ̹ԷҲûʲôЩģǻ˰ɡ
½ǫΣȻˡ
Ѿʮˣʱ̫ˣӦûµķӦ
ﻹǲģֻȥҴһı˻ô죿
½ǫֻһ֪˶֪һΪ컳ˣɽͲˡ
½ǫ֪£˿½ǫû׼ҪЦ½ǫñӣһ㲻ں
ں·Сʱȥ½ǫ
֮ǰ½ǫĻ˵ҪǱ߽Ѿѡλˣ׼˳ѹˣ̫ˣҲˡ
Դ˹ȥ½ǫ
뷨½˵ˣ½ЩģôԶһǷ̫Σա
ǮDϢ˵ҪŹ͹˹ȥǽ϶ҪܶĹ
ǮDţ½ͷĶˣ˵չˣĵȥɡ
߻ȥǼҹѯʹǵ
˵ǵļǱҪ칤ȥ֮ﻹܷء
һ磬ؼ֮йУȥɾȥɣظɻؼҡ
һҪڴУڹ׬ǮԺ׬Ǯ˾ھ򷿣ǵһΪˣҳﻹѽǶ飬˵׼ǵĺӾء
һУڲˣزȥˣŴǰһЩܼĹǾ׼ˡ
˲һˣȱľˣĹڸ˲ˣвӦƸġ
ԭ˵½ǫٽ³иˣڿԲõˡ
Ǵ˳һ·ϻڸһЩ֮ǰʱܳ˵ҪˣҲһ˶֮С
ȥ·һֱڵԼĶǲкˣһλ˿˿ʱ򣬵ĸ²ԻˣʲôĻҡ
һĻô죿·ҲҪ£ʱǶԲ·ݣһ·ϵô죿˶֪ˡ
ﵣǣϵûʲôоҲûƣ
ûҲãȥ½ǫæͻȥ
л˵
ûϣȥʱûϣʱˡ
̣ٺ١л2022-06-13 23:01:37-2022-06-14 23:33:16ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


130 
Ҿ
֮ǰȸ½ǫŹȥ, ûẢӵ飬±˿ȥʲôѱ
ֻ˵˹ȥ
Ҳ˵ǮDȥ, Ź
վűҪ, ӱ޵һطһ˻һƥ, ¾͵ˡ
½ǫյŵʱ򣬸ҵˮԭ, ǮDſ׵Ĺ˹Ƴˮ࣬Ȼٿˮ೧ߵ·һޣٸˮ, ±ʱ򲻻ᷢˮɺʱˮá
ڿҪ˹, ȿԻ˸ߵ˼֮, Լӿȡ
֮ǰͳһֵĵط, Լ˿ڵĶ١
ŴȰѷ, ЩסͻȥססľͷµĵطǷӡ
ˮʣһӣӳͦԶģ½ǫ취ˮ, Ŵˮ, Ūˮ
۲һµ, 滮˺üطԽ
ǵʱ, ÷ʲôĶ޺ˣ½ǫס
ԭˮģǽ꿴ҲȽϸɺճɲܺãס
Ȼؽ˼԰ûʲôм˵ȥʲôãֲ꣬Щӻء
½ǫв˸˵һĻ˵ţŲˣ
ꣿ½ˣ㻰˵̫ˡǶ½ǫϰˣ֪½ǫûйټӣرУǸ½ǫ˵ʱҲôˡ
θ˵ȥæһ½ǫĿռﻹкü˹ĿƬأÿεĽͣ¼꣬Ժܲ꣬Ϳˡ
ǵʱͿ½ǫ˼һڵء
߿ˣܹһͷļְ́ôҲˣ
½ǫߣղŵƣһɨգҪǼǵƤھ߸תȦ
ͣȻðһɻ½ǫߣͷ̫󣬱ҼҷɸɹˣһȥЪЪ
ǱֵصĴ񿴵½§ŸƯĸ̲סۣ½˼С檣
˵Ų˵½ղְĺܣִټС檶еλҵŮӣָֻң½˵ҡ
˭Ҳʣʹһɵܹȥ½½
½ǫǵɵӣɵӾУ˵ԣҷˡ
⻰ȵŴͣ׷Ҹղ˵Сû½½ȥ
ȻǸղ˵½СңҪǱ½ˣüǺˣ
ò˸ù٣ҪǱˣҪǰˡ
Ȼȥ˹ãûϢȰߴЩˡ
½ǫ˵´ӣҰԸ·أԸǷֵأҲԸȥ
ȻȥӺ͵ҲҪǵģǮǰһ
˿̫ˣÿ˷ԴҲǰ˵һЩ
½ǫеһжźˣŰŹϣ˵Ự
һ·ˣζһٻȥɡ½ǫһֱԼߣԼһȥ
ߵͦ࣬׼֮дۻȥʦ߸ˮ̣ͼֽĲˣȻ󹤳ҲԽֵµǮDƺͿˡ
ȸ߻ȥܿӣȻЩȥ˿˿Ͳϵˡ
鶼Ǻˣѹ˵ôżĹˡ
ʲôˣ½ǫһʱ侹Ȼˣӳ˼׹ͷŵĿߵĶӡ
չȥߵĶӣĺܣҿǲܣȥ˾ż
ʱ̫ˣȥ֮ȲˣǸУΪ߿ǡ
һĻˣֲڣ߲ñ˵ĭӸûˡ
һ·ϳ˵ˣĻԼһӡ
һ·ˣȥҸסĴ½ǫҶൢ飬̾ͳȥˡ
һ͵͵Ҿκˣ˸ϵĹ
ϵʱŵĶҺҪǻˣˣ⺢Ҫˣ֮ҪӣôҲҪһܻȥ
Ҳ֪ܲߴôãµʱȥ߲·Ҫͷ
ͷȲþھܷģǰ߷Ƨһ춼˯ž
صı飬Ϊ½˵ʲôصĲҲòϸƲ
˺ð죬ֻ̫ۣ˼ȣ֢״ûС
򶼻Լҽˡ
½ǫ߿ı飬඼ᵽɤۣ߶̥ʲô⡣
ô𣿡½ǫ̲סʡ
ۺӣϷѧǳ
ʲô˼½ǫʡ
½˵ʲôЩ½ǫᷣ˵С˼֡
ǲûòôһһ㲡ûаɣ
ⷴӦŷԭղԼˣûв½˾̫ˣϢϢͺˡ
ûˣ½ǫʡ
ûˡ˵
½ǫҲؿڣԭûлϣллء
˴򣬻˱һ𣬷·ٺһ㡣
̫ðʧˣΪһ²ôԶ˵
ԣûдҪҲΪĴ½ǫ˱ԭת˼Ȧ㲻ڵʱ䣬ҶˣԺǲȥҪһʵܲˡ
߻û˵˭˻½ǫ˵飬Ķ䶼͸ˣˣſҰɣģСȥ
ҹء½ǫĶδһűƿˡ
磬˵ɩˣļٵİܽ˱һˣˢĺˣ첽˳ȥҴˣʲôûп
߻ҵƿ½ǫһԼ·ųȥ˵֪߳ԲʲôöδӾ˲ٳʳȥʲô
ɩãĸ˵۾⡣
½ǫסߣϽ˵ϣƻûأȥ
˵üҶæ
˵Ϳ첽ˣԭһȥ׷ȥ
½ǫţϢϢҪæˡ
ɵϣȻ۵ĺܣ۾ȴһգգĿ½ǫ᲻ñ۾
½ǫҲ᲻뿪һҪȴߵĴߣסԷ֣㲻ÿҾ㣬ߡ
æȥɡȻ˵ȴһֱ֡
Ϣһ죬֮ûϢ½ǫʱǸϢҲû£ˣԼҲǻˣҲҪϢˡ


131 
ʵ
ǾϢһ, ڶ½ǫʹȥ˿칤ĵطͽǮD½ǫҪ
߰ȥȥл߸طĴй˹칤
Ǯĸ, ˲, ҪȽˮ೧, ½ǫ˵Ҫ·һ£֮ķݵȵһϵжҪõⶫ
Ҳˮʲô, ֮๫ҪŪö϶ǺöȰŹǰѹķӡὨá
ƲЩ˿߹ǣˣǿǮķûߡ
߷ԼǸɻʱ, Ǽװ˵߸˵˽, һ˵ʲô
߾ͺܻ, ǰͦԱģӰ, øǵһ, ˵ĸƷ
ڲͬˣ˺֮ûʲôͬ˶ء
һǹ, ǲҵĻ, ǾûıҪˡ
Ƕ˭ɻһʡ
˵߰, ȱ, ûýǻû׼ûߵļ۸ء
ˣûˣ˽ȣ½˿϶һ첻£϶Ҫһ٣½˻úԺİǸء
ǺһƬſߵ֡
תͷйֻŮ˺͸ҲҪ󣬲ҪģҪġ
ͷû׵Ů˸Ǹһµׯڵģһһ׳Ů˵ҲС
˻ϣҵӶù˵һ¸ǮӺͶʮʳÿܷǰ׷ͷˣ˼ҶԼҵĸɻˡ
޸׬ǮӵĲ߸ɻһ¾жǮӣЩĸĸͲǼˣ͵׬Ǯ
Ҳвǿ׳ӹɻһһ鿴ǵͷԣһһӾͼӿˡ
֮ǰЩ¶ָ࣬ӣҪЩɻҲɲ꣬ЩŮǸɻǮDĹǵָ£ɵķɿ졣
߻ǩЭ飬ȹ֮ȫˡ
Щǻȥǵ˺һӣסˣ̲סȥƣֹѾ֮һˣЩ˴󲿷Ů˺͸Сˡ
һС˻ǸߴӾǻġ
Щܾߵǳɵˣ˵Ů˺͸еģ˷Ҳ˵ġ
ǻȥɢҥԣ˵ŹŮ˺͸ǵã½ǫ˸ץˣڴ˰ӣ˵Ժҥ˶Ҫٸȥӡ
½ǫоˮȰסĹõĵһˮࡣ
߻ȥʱ򣬾Ϳ滻˸ɫſڹ˿ӣдˮδɣֹ̤
ĿۣȻ󿴵һֻСèƬˮ·߹ȥȳһСӡ
ΧۣкöཫʿԱ߿š
ǿһСӡˣ·ô𣿡
½˵ˮأˮ಻ǸĵôˮĽһ־
๫Ͻ๫˵ǲдˮ໹ûɣ˾Ӳˡ
Ȼ߸֪ˮ֮ʲôˣȿ˵
½ǫǴһ߹ôˡ
ָָͷһСèצӡҪҪˢһ飿
½ǫ°Ϳ˿ͦµģˣ͵һˮصļɡ
§һԵߣ๫óԵȥ
½ˣǵķ𣿡˸Ŵ֣֪½պãŲ䷹
ҸҼҷɹ磬ǲҪš½ǫ§һȦ·ܿˮشӺŽݡ
֮ǰ½ǫĿռһҬڽҬӣժһҬӼ
һŵҬӵζûгԹҬӣʲôôţ
Ҵġ½ǫ˵
۾һĶǿ϶ǺöžͲһǽŽܵһ԰ɣܲǶ
İɣǱѾ͹ȥˡ½ǫ£˵ǹ磬бˣһоµĶԡ
ʲô¶ֻΪ½ǫʲô⣬Ҳ֪ǳԺһ֡
ٷԵˬ죬߳껹δҲҸ½ǫ˵ҪϾģôϡĶܳһѾܿˡ
극һ죬½ǫԹһķ£Ҳһ²ۡ
ҲԼĵ˵һ˵˷ййҲ泩˲١
ǲԷ̫ĸ²˾͹ȥˣĿĵ¡
߿ɫˣЩϢɣ컹кöҪɡ
½ǫ⻹ء
ʲô£뵽˸ղ½ǫ˵¶ֱ壬ĵ½ǫóȴ½ǫ˴ȥˣ˴ʡ
߻ΪʲôҹĶһ½ǫȥ·ˡ
ߣ
ʲôߴ߿ʼôʱ½ǫûˣ½ǫûɿڴӦ
½ǫǵΪʲôģ߻ỳϣӲף̥
˵Ժȱ½ǫ˵־ͲǺö϶壬ŲΪԼĿ˺ߵ塣
߻˵һ˵Ŀ֣Ŀ֡
½ǫ˵Ȼ˵Ŀ֣Ͳһ˳ʹࡣ
Ҳûֹ½ǫô£
½ǫóһ߿ԺͲ»Ϻˣһɾ
ʲô˵Ҫϣ
๫˵ɾĪ֮ǰࣿ룬ֵطȷʵ࣬Щʧ䡣
߲࣬ࡣ½ǫ룬չȥ
๫ҲࡣɬתͷͲÿʼ⡣
ԡ½ǫ˵ķɣ˼˵˷ʱ䣬Ͻ⡣
߲֪ǶզãЩ£˵ҪԱԣҪˡ
½ǫоıûкǰıʵǰûõĻᣬûԹ⵹ǼܣܻᶮһЩġ
õʵüεճƷʵƣŪʽһ⻬ģһƵġ
Ǹ⻬ĻãǸƵŪˡ
Ͻȥϴʵʱܽʵˡ
߸ղһֱµȥֻˣôʵģ˭ʵģ
ҡ½ǫһȻԼһʵģȥұˣԼһʵʱ̫ˣ߾̲סЩ
ڿǵһʵ飬ҾͷȥһǶԡ
áߵˣ֪๫Ҫô˿ڡ
л˵
̣ҲҪǳл2022-06-15 22:04:02-2022-06-16 23:42:19ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


132 
ؼ
ڶ, ȥԺ￴ˮأѾкܶΧſˡ
ˮ֮쿴ɫǳ࣬ҲӲ˲٣û˸Ҳ, èצצС, , ôһ˲ȼؾûа취ˡ
½ǫվ, ˵һԡ
๫ҲۿСèɵˮϲȳһСӡĳôһˣè˲֪жٱȥʱȻҪС
Χ۵˶ס˺, 뿴½ˮϲȳһӡӡ
Ĳ˲ȣоǲʯͷһӲ, ֺƽ, ѽţǲĴʯƵġ
ֻŶ, ű,·Ƕԡ
Ϊ½ᣬԲȲӡһԣֵĺ̡ܼ
˲, Ҫڵʹ, 뿴ܲܰѵϵˮѿ, ˺ðҲûá
½ǫ˵ƵóصĴ󿨳ѹһѹ, ѿɣ̫ˡ
½ˣҲ̫˰ɣôоģ
ʾķ½ǫЦ˵
ҶĽ½ǫһӵˣϣԼҵһλ֮ǣҲǴһЩɽĶ
½ǫ棬·Ӵﵽȫ·֮ǰֿԼǼ̰ٵѳǮȫ·ȫˡ
Щֿ̼½еİ֮ǰЩԱץץҵĳңһ㶼ҪǷ·һǮˣҲô죿
Ƕ½ǫ費ҪǮ½ǫ룬ߵ·ҲǼ·ȷʵûǮ
Щ·ɣȻԺڵߣͨҲ㡣
һǿĹĺã鷳ʹǵǣ
µҪԼˣ˲̫ܲࡣ
ˮ·¸Ȼˮ·ֵọ̈̄ǲҦӡ
ʳһĻӵʯˣʩڹ±ʳ
֮飬γͨ澫װ棬ƽ۰棬Ǯһ룬ɱҲˣֽźӡˢǺ
ֻͨÿƬװ˿ƬӲƤģƽ۰ʲôûˡ
鿪ʼʱ򣬻ϾͿˣˮ·Ĺ⻬ƽ̹Ӳɽ··ϸϽ½ǫȰѻʹĵˮ·Ȼٸϣܲܰϣϻûܡ
½ǫʥּ;úߵ·ûȫأϾߣ֪ȥ֮ٻˡ
ԭļƻƹˮ·ĺôȻΧļȫϣȻȫƹ㡣
ϽȥҲкôģϿźãƹ㵽ȫһЩһϻǮҲòˡ
ȥܼ֮˿˿ȥʹ˶࣬Ҳˡ
ĹԱ½ǫʦֵĺѣߵˣ½ǫǽ˹ͷĵĴ߻ȥˡ
Žø½ǫһϻǷĲŽԺ˻λδ֪
ߵʱ򣬰Ƕ᲻뿪½ˣĹٸǰһѹեǣǵ˿
½ǫǰ³
ٻ࣬ǲϵ֣Ҳܿ״¾顣
½ǫ˰ǽ⣬Ǿȫˡ
ǿǱʳʱǶûпʯ飬ֻƾճֵʳ
ǿ֮󣬾ԲԲˣԼƭˣ񵱳ʱҲһ㡣
ǶԼӵŲɣһ˵½ǫһжʵģǾ֤ˡ
ȥʱûʱôˣƵģһطϢϢ
ǻʱ򶼿ˣ·ֵ£ֱ׼ꡣ
ǵſڵʱ򣬵·ԾվӭǵĹԱ½ǫЩӦôôˣҶˡ
ߣ˵
½ǫҲˣæ³ףôôųεĹô𣿡
ף½ǫּ
½ǫ¹ӣǰܻ־롣
½ǫһּ
ʥּһѸӵݣǼνεĹ
ⷽû˵ĺϸڳ˵ӵҪñ֪
׶ʥּ֮½ǫȻȥһ£Ͻ硣
ν磬ݲͬˣǻˣ󳼶ͽᡣ
ϵˮ·ʲôӣô⻬𣿾ʲôʱ·
ǻɽ˲Ӧòƶƶôˮô˵ģӲģɽˮ·
ǵ⣬Ҳܺ棬ǫ˵ˮ·Ǹĸȥ翴𣿡
½ǫҡͷôȥ磬ĸ׸ҿġ
½ǫϹ࣬˵ĸһӣоͳһ龵һĶܴǿ龵￴ɽĳ
ɽҲͷϣһռ䣬Ƿ޷룬ǿ
дһǺ⣬½ǫ͸Ϲ࣬˵ɽ˿ǾǿһһԪˡ
ϵһٺƣǴĴţҶ½ǫ˵ɽ
½ǫ˵Ҳлȥ»£µܿࡣ
ǰǲЩģ½ǫĻ֮˼ı䣬кµģģҲڿʼ»ü
֮󣬻½ǫ˵Ҫȥĸסĵط
½ǫҲȥǰסĵط߻ȥúϢ
γȥһ꣬صϵʱ򣬶˿˿Լˡ
һȥ½ҫܹ˵Ļˣ˿˿㡣
˵ˣ߰ѺӱȦ̲סˣ̺˵ģȴںҪʱ뿪ˡ
ԺҲ뿪ˡ˿˿ˣԺȥҲҪһ
˵ȥµġ½ҫıߵĲӣ˵ǵĻȴίͰ͵ġ
۵İ̱Լķ䣬Ժ˯㽲£ʲô
ǳȥĹ¡½ҫ̵ȥˣʲôˣҲֻ֪ܸ˵ȥˣȥˡ
һСĶʲô£ʲôǾˡ
ȻȴҲ߻ˣȻƤܣǿ߽¡
˯ɣȴ˯˵һ۾ֲˡ
⻰һܣҲһޣǿˡ
½ǫʱ򣬿ľǱһ˯ŵˣŵ˴§סСɰҲ֪˻ΣֻСָץһ֣ƵģץĽġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


133 
ƫ
½ǫؾ, Ѹӵݣھո޺õʯдҦӵƽȻǽ˰֮ٿʯϡ
ϻдҦӵǰǻʺ˻, Ȼϰһᡣ
ʺ˵, ǳײ, Ͼֻһλʺ󣬻ȴ˵Ҧǻʺ, ţ
ϽǿʯϿҦʼǻʺðᵱʺҦűΪʺġ
ʺﲻǻϵԭ䣬ͷˣʵ
ְü˶½ǫˡ
ֻǱԽԽǰ, ôһֱڰ߽ǼҵټǺûʲô, һֱǻʺĸ׳, ʺĸҲǰˣ, Ǽȫˡ
ԻʺĸײʺȥԸ½ǫ, Ϣõϵ׳鹡
ɻʺȴҪԸ½ǫҲ֣ܳϲӣҲ, Ψ½ǫ, ǲ½ǫ, ôԺ̳лλ˾ֻ½ǫˡ
ڿǿ׳, ûиʮˣʺĸ˵ʱҪȻ첡˵ʱ˵
ʺ˵ףֲװݣΪϲ˵ʱ־ˡ
ֻƿף˰æ

½ǫϳʱݾͲͬˣԭƷԱйҲҪһģڵǻˣȻ͸ǰͬ
ϸ˲ʹͣΪ
ӶûзһǻϲǣûлὨҵ
֮ǰΪԳǻӵʱ򣬾͸Գɷ˸үڷ½ǫǻˣ͸½ǫ
Ȼ֪½ǫйǸĸҦǻŮˣҦĺ˭϶ӡ
ϸ½ǫʹֶ֮½ǫ˵ѻʹ·һ£ʱסڹߺ˿˿һӽ㡣
½ǫ˵Ҫȥ׼һ£³ʱʦָ˵ʺҪʹСŵ㡣
һʦ˵鵽ʺĵȥ֮ǰĴӣ˵ȥߵĸĸ½ļˣҲ֪Ҫʲô
½ǫЩˣ޷˵ǲЩˣ˵ǲТ˳
ߵĸĸ߸ˣȻ޵ģôܹ߲Т˳ء
ɫ̫õ˵֪ˣлʦǵĹģһ취
һûһȥԼҵĳло¥¥ͳж˴ĺܺãҲ˿׼¥ƹеǸºɫĸڸӵİ磬ǰǸĸЩٷ˵ˮˡ
߻˿ϼӣѾǳĴʦˣ׬Ǯǰ࣬ҲԼԺӣڴϼĸڣŮӹò
߻ȥ·ײһ뿴ˡԳɡ
ϱԳүݣǵ̳Ͼһı
ѾˣÿͷɢܣˣǴ޴С
ۿΪ˻ɱԼһңһ˵ȷֵ߾統żһʹ졣
ԳͲܿƵ뵽̳ϿѪȳ̲ס͸Ż˼
½ŻϽȥ߿
˵ˣϢϢͺˣ½ĵ£Ӳǽ˴ơ
һƹȻƳϲ߶סˣ֮ǰ๫ʱ򣬶๫Ǹףôǻˣ
ӣһõǸƵʱˣǴλϵġ
֮õĶǹ⻬ģûƵ˵߻ǾǸƵĸоá
һСľ뵽Ǵȥˡ
½ϵϢ˵زˣ̾ʹӵˡ
½˵ԼҪиܻܵˣҲ˵ֱQһֱʵܵأô档
½ЦŸ˵أҪȺü²ܳ
½׿ĶӣԣôҲͷи˵ӣ룬̺͵϶ƭҡ
½ǫصʱ½׾ܹƽʱ˿˿ϲ棬ôһˣ
½׾˵̺͵ƭҡ
ôƭˣ½ǫΪߺ½˵ʲôЦƭСأҲû⡣
˭֪½ȴ˵̺͵˵СܻܵСˣ˵ڵĶأĶôƽװһ˵ӡ
½ǫһ⻰۾͵󣬡ߣ㻳ˣǴΡ
߿ŴĻߣ˵ˡ
½ǫȻֿ࣬ǼȻˣҲһ˵顣
ٳ⣬⽫һӣŮܶŮ˫ȫˡ
½ǫ£ѽϸ˵ȥסһӵ˵ˡ
˵ˣٰ֮ȥҲҪſʼˡ
½˵ȥɣͲˣҪæ
½ϲǼʳ̣ȻǼǮˣ˰æ»ϲΪӲŸ˼
ڻźӣͷ̫ҽչˣڹһЩ
߸˿˿˵Ըʮ棬˿˿ϲʮӣоʮúöǳ⣬̾͵ͷӦ
Ҳ᲻̣˵ʱԳҲԶ˿˿ߵʱǿ˺һӡ
ϰ֮ǰҦס޹ָ½ǫǸǻϽ˻˼ģôÿ춼˴ɨȻûסÿ϶ƻͨ
ǰʱ½ָָƯ
½ǫһƯĽ˿ˡ
½Щͷ½ǫ
½ǫ½׵ͷҪ˵ЩˣȥҪסһ䡣
ʲôһ䣬˿˿Ҫŵһס½§סߵĲӣһԶֿӣְȥһԼϲסɣ㶼ôˣҪճҵˡ
½ǫ
Ա߿Ц˭ƽʱ˵˿˿˿˿һ׵϶ûˡ
½ǫϽװӣûϵСӶǲ֮ǰ£ڿʼҪһϸ
⻰½׺߶ùЦҲһϸӰӡ
ס֮󣬻ϰ˺ö๬ź򣬲һ̫ҽÿƽϵȵĲƷûжϹ
˵£ﶼòƽ⡣
ﻳǻϵһбҪô𣿴ʶӺʱ򣬶ûмôĹ
˵ˣûһۣǰҲᷳһϾͲϲСء
϶Ǹ˿˿ҲܿأǽеȥһƼԱǸ˿˿С԰ͻء
棿һֲǻҲ̫ƫˣ
ΣΣʮҲΪ˿˿ĺãϲŶ࿴˼ۣȫĺӶҦĺֻϲҦ磬Ȼϵ涼
⻰ǡɱȥⱲĵ¾Ҧ磬һ仰ӣ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


134 
м
ϵٶһʱùĻ̻, ˭Ҳ˵һҦӵĻͽߡ
Ϊ˱ӣûȥ½ǫкӵľͽԼĺȥͽ½ǫ, СһЩľȥ½һ档
½ǫΪ취ѻϴλ, ʹļ, Ҫúù滮·Ҫ, ˮ·
ˮ಻·췿ҲϣҪƹȥҪʱ䡣
Ȱѻʹĵͼһݣʵȥ滮Ҫ޵·
ڼļܹܵܶ˵԰æ
Ӷʮ, ʮţʣµ߻ӵʮʮ, ĻӶһȺűСӡ
½ǫ֮ǰӺ;Ż, ˶ôϲͶ, Ӻ;ŻͶ, ǰæЩ¡
λӲۣһһĸĽĵĺܡ
ǵĸλԭܵͣǸ½ǫϵãλƷ, ĲС
ʣµĻûа취ͽ½ǫ, ȥ˿˿, Ű˿˿, û׼Ҳʮõϵӡ
½ƽʱϲСһ棬ˣÿģúۣʮ֮⣬˺ڰͽĻʲôȤ
һһԷʱ½׸СƵ̾
½ǫ̾ʲôڹĲ̹ˣ
Ҳ̾Ҳ˿˿һÿҪӦһİˣķɡ
½ǫźôķ뵽ǰЩЩڣҲ°ɡ
½ǫߺ½˵ʹģɫģ¾ǺԸ񲻺;ͲǽӴ
½̾˿ССüͷĽأ棬ǵ߷ָҡ
ôССôôࣿ˲ŻῼЩɣһСӾ͸ӱģô࣬˭˵㲻ãֱ׳ظ㻹Ǹӡ½ǫ˵
ߵĵĳӣ㲻˿˿̻ˣ
½ǫһ񣬡˿˿ǸС˼СشҪǵͣǼСûеҪµ͡
Ц˵Ȼʺһϸ
½ף˿˿˭˵Ժ㲻ϲСѾͲˡ
½룬ʮ壬С
Ȼһ˵ˣСǸľͷ˶ǺһЩ
С˭½ǫʡ
δ򡣡½׸
½ǫˣôСûأҪСкˣ
ʣ˭˵δ»ûأ
Ҳ棺Ǵδǰδʣôѧģ˭˵ģ
ǡ˿˿תͷָָһֱտ֡
Ҫ̥½̫СֻúöߵĶӣ͸˼չš
ֿ½ǫɫ¶ԲϽϴҲ˵ة½׶ףԲżȻһΣû뵽˿˿ͼסˡ
½ǫ½Ӧòδ˼ֻ͵Сѧ˵ͣ˵ʲôǾͰѧʲô
ԺҪٸⷽ£µ֮Լδδ˵ˣﰵʾ˾׼ǸСˡ½ǫĿǰةҵӲ˳ۣʵةҵӣκҪ˿˿׵Ų˳ۣЩСƨɱҡĳ嶯
뷨һˣ˵Żߵġ
½ͷ½ǫδʲô˼
ԺҪףһֻܸһ˼½ǫŻ׾Ͳܳˣÿϵźϴ·ǳԷҪվӱ߸Ǽвˡ
½ŵķҡͷҲŲҪҲһӣҪһӣҲҪʮһӡ
½ǫһ룬֪СӲ˵Цѡ
Թߵǵ˵๫Ż֮Ͳҳˡ
С֪ϲ˻ϲŮˣ֮ҸŮȢӻС½ǫǲͬСϱ˼ܿȥġ
߶һ㵹Ǻ⣬˵Ǽ壬ԺӶŵŮǼҲˡ
½ǫȥ԰ɢ㷽Ϊ̾˵Щ죬һܸƣ㲻ԸǹԺͲˡ
ǱϾҲǳʧߵĵ˵סڹͷһǵĸﲻ죬ʹӣȥǱߴ߷ǿô죿
ʲô½ǫģ˿˿һԼ¾ͺãЩٹ˵岻;ͺˡ
֮ȻҶˣ½׳ȥҲȥʮӣʮ⡣
Ҳ߸ʮӵĸĵͦġ
ʮӵĸᣬʮ꣬߻ҪСһЩƽʱڻߵʱֵҲأ˽ȴܻá
ʱҲǱУͨһżᱧԹһЩȤʱ߽㹬аԣʱ򻹻ЩóԵĹ
߷ʮӸӺ񣬹ֲ˿˿ôԸʮһ棬ҲϲӴ

½ǫڳҪˮ·֮⣬ÿ컹Ҫϳֵһֵĳɢ֮󻹻ȥ鷿һֵۣ뿴Ρ
½ǫǰȻûЩİڻ֮ϵġ
»ϻἵһЩ
ƻҪѻ»λڣϳкüʮĻӣҴлʺ
ҪվҲվߣΪֻһɣǿ϶ûжӣʺλ
İѻϴӻλ׸˼£»
ǾҲǳ⣬ʱ˵ЩȮӵĻ½ǫǳ
֮󣬻Ͻģûмĸף´μʱɲԽ
½ǫ˵ܼĸףҲûϸĸ׼档
ԼԻ˵ĸǰյҼһ棬֮棬ҪУĸ˵ˣ棬
Ŵϲ˵ģ
档½ǫֻ˿ʱ鵽һſԸξĿƬԣ˸֣ԭ»ϲţξƬض°빦
Ϻ޲ھͻȥ˯һֱ˯ҦӼ档
ڶϳʱ˲½ǫһ˵˾
ߵĵȴҪĸ˾Ҳķǳҡ
ʵߵĵûҪֻΪ˵ĲһЩߵĵŵܵȥҪһӷ
λϸ״Ĵ󳼻˼˵½ǫԴɵĸĸԼ游ĸԼ˾̬ȣ֤һТ˳ˣպҲТ˳ϡ


135 
ŮԴBGM
λ󳼻˵ߵĸĸԼ½ǫ游ĸ;˾һȫӹ, ǻϲţԵʡ
ǣû뵽½ǫôһСʱ϶˲ٿ, Щ˾ȻҦĺô, Ǹ
µĴǾȻ˵½ǫ߲Т˳, ½ǫô࣬ƾʲôТ˳
ΪԼ½ǫʳ, ޵ȨͲƸ½ǫ߿϶ĵлҲТ˳
һϴԳǱ߾֤ԳɱǶ󻹲ΪʳɱǶԷô
Գɲ, ҪТ˳ο½ǫˡ
Ҹѹȥ, ֮Ͳ֮ˡ
½ǫȴԼվ˶ˡ
½ǫĸ, ˵Ժûаֹϵˣ㻹Т˳𣿡
λ󳼲м, Ҹĸô, Ǽҵ飬վ˵ۣ巢֮ĸĽҲǵԸ
ǽΪūأҲԸ⣿½ǫ
ȻԸ⣬͵Ǳ˸ĸ֮ǽΪū, ҲᾡܵΪһЩ顣ǹԱ˵
½ǫͷ, ӻͳһ,ǩ, ūڹУﲻнȥ·һ̫ɡ㿴ΰ
ܣһǼٵģǹԱŰˣΪʹˣżͿƫƫԸȥϷ˵׼ᱻ½ǫ˿ȥ
Ȼ½ǫ̾˰˹֮ǰҲٵģö˶ʶ첲ˣټʹˣȥˡ
˶ʶֻǿ״̬֪ЩͿˡ
Ҳ½ǫϵǷˡ
ּԼӡģԼԼ顣½ǫǳŵ˵
㣬޳ܡǹԱ˵ҵǩˣҲԸġ
ƫƫԱ߸ңԸģԸġ
һظ飬˵ȻԸˣȥɡ
Եһ¡˵˾Ȼ½ǫôҶЩȡ
½ǫ飬ջظղŵĻҾ͵ָĸŮ˹ϵ֮󣬻ҪТ˳ĸǾͰ˼ȥ̫ɡ
˻룬̫໹ɱˡ
ҲǮ˰£ЩǮֵȥ̫ġ
ϽĿ˵ĸϾϵˣǱû˹ϵȻûϵİˣ̸ʲôТ˳οǸ޳ȥûҪТ˳ĸǻиܵôТ˳ĸӦýܵȥһҵȡ֡
˵½ǫ游ĸʱҲһ̬ȣ˵½Ǽ޳ȥŮӦֳչ˸ĸûȥչˣ½ǫģûܹЩǵչˣТ˳ǡ
ɻĿϴǲ⣬ֽȥ˶ʮ֮ꡣ
ε֮󳯳Ҳ˻ϵ˼ˣ˭Ҳ½ǫĹϵȻӶġ
ʺѾûˣվڻʺǱ߾Ѱ·֮ǰӵĵҲˡ
Ǿ½ǫȻõϵϲȴֻһûк޷̳лλģҸӣ׵ʮӡ
Ǽ긻ǿûиʮ껹ˣʮʮѾˣҲûпܵġ
½ǫʱǲǵ˭ǱȥҪǱȨ˱Ȩǻܵǻ˭˵ҪԴ

ڶϣ⻻һѣһžӣžеԼѾûʱǷӢˣЩįҦʱĳࡣ
ҲҦɱ
ڴ¡įһǵвҦ˼ɵϣ˯˻ʱ
ʱһ½ǫ׼ʱſƬ
ſƬԸ˱ξ½ǫǰξһԼĸʮƵĻࡣ
ȻǸ֣ҲȥֺûϣϾ費ܱ
ξмҦһ߸Ʋӣȴ˵
չ˺½ǫһң԰ɣʵ֮˵
һɣֵĲС
ȻҦ̬䵭ϲҦ䵭ľôҦ˵ˣ˵ɡ
ɱͲɣǶ˸飬˵ԭµĻԲŻ˵ֺݻʵǰԵ
ξеҦӶ˵һɵķӣ֪ŷֻ½ǫȥæҲơ
֮߷һɵӣԭξģҦҪɡ
ͷ컹δȲĽȥ½ǫҹ
ɵķӽ½ǫ½ǫ˵һҪԱ˱ܣ½ǫһҸһԡ
½ǫһ⻰˵˭ҪһԣҪҲԼԡ
ϻӦ˵̾ͻȥҲɵһһɡ
ȥ׼ݲһģһûжװװԼԣжĸϳԡ
ԵĶҩԶҩ϶˵ôȵû֮Ҳ١

ʱڻʹ̥ȷʵо˱ȹʱҪ̫࣬ҽÿһЩӸ壬һЩḻָĦһоۡ
Ȼ½ǫҲĦ½ǫϾרҵģҲûչ˹ˣûо飬Ȼǲ繬Щ֡
ڰĦ½ǫû취ߣʹʧԼ˿ϿʲôʱӣʲôʱЩϣ߸ܲʹ꺢Ӻ˿ȫϣû֮ǰһģһ
ռڵҲˣȻͼֽ˹æһһСгһ̨Լģһ̨Ǹ½ġ
·Ѿû취гֻܿ½ǫ½档
½ǸС½ǫһС͵ֳÿӶССģر㣬Ҳرƽȣ뷭ѡ
Ǽҵ½Ȼ꣬ȴȱ˼ҵСÿһЩֳҲವġ
½׵±ֺҲʮӷϿ֮Сֻһߣ½ǫһ̨
ϾСﳵ
ϲų극ûһᣬߵˮˡ
½ǫϽϣСĸԤһ㶼¡
ʱ򻹿ʲôЦ߾ĸ첲˵ȥҪˣϴ˿˿ʱҪԱ߿ţҽˣ˵ʲô㶼Ҫˡ
½ǫ֪ΪβŸԼȥȻߣΪһЩֻȥԺ
ԺţＱĲУԭת
Ҫ¹˶֪ˣҲ˵ˣϲСӡ
һ뵽ҦŮҲڴǸŮ˾ͺˣкԺ󻹵취½ǫȢŮ˻Ǽ
Ҳ룬ǸҲֻŮ߸ʲôôСֵġ
ǺܿǾˣ˵Ŀⶼŵϣſڽȴ½ǫҲ̧ͷ
ѾǺˣȴ⣬ɫģǳλá
½ǫüգλܿ⣿ԣȼ⻹Ҫ
⣬˵Ķ߶·˳
ʱҲˣ½ǫϲ˸Ů
ŮԴBGMģ½ǫҲ˲첽߽ȥ߻ճŮ


136 
¶
˿˿۾, еĵطߣԽԽߣڶӳø½ǫ
½ǫźӸ˵ˣŮҡ
߸, ;һЩƣ֮, Ҳ, ͺȥһũƵġ
ŻǸС½ǫĵĻϲ,๫ҲܺÿǵŮضӢˬ
֮ǰ˿˿ʱǻ룬˿˿̫ƯˣԺᱻ۸СŮ, Ժ˵Ÿˡ½ǫЦ˵
ҲһЦ๫ҪԼ˵ĺһ
½ǫӽȥϴչ, չ,ԺܻһЩúܶ˺µ飬ǼһẦ, ǵСŮҲẦ°ɡ
˵, ˿˿ǰ͸ȡ˸СǵСŮʲôʡ
ղʱԼ˿ͽ֣½ǫ顣
£Ϊһ£ҲԺͽСɡ
½ǫҲûо,С, ͦɰ, С˿᲻Դ, һϵһǳԵʳ
Ĵ½ףһ̫һ䡣ƣƤܣҪ˯ˡ
һʱ˷˵̫ˣϿϢ½ǫµı죬壬һ˯ˡ
½ǫСŮʱ콵ףһֵ¾ھﴫˡ
Ҷ²ǲҦ֪ԼСŮصعƣǰҦǷڵ½Žɵȫŷˡ
˲²˵½ǫСŮ·ͶǼҡ
˵硣õķȥ²⣬û˵֮ġ
ԭǾ˸ŮŮŮӿһЩˡ
⺢ڲֳͬضһƽˣŮǳĿء
ڶϾ͹Ǻӣʹ챦ڳҲǷһϲã£ũ˰ҸС˹ź¹ʹ˷ء
Ƕǰļũ˰ʹ²Ȥǵע˹档
һӵĺӶǿֻ̫ӵĺӲŻƸΪ
ڻϻû̫ӣȴ½ǫĺӸ⹫ˣϵ˼Ƿ½ǫΪ̫أ
½ǫֻûжӣԺ󲻻ȢֻɿȢ˻ôҪӲУ
ЩǾûмרһģǲ½ǫһһӡ
Ϊ½ǫǰ̫ʢˣܰһӹߣȹ϶ˣĸŮˡ
Щǵ˼ֻˡ

Сȫ˶ܿģ˿˿ÿ˾ȥá
ϻ˰½ӽҲŮ
Сճʱ½ǫһ֮ٻ½ǫԽԽߣ͵ı仯˶ɰ˲١
½ɰСŮϲĲˣһԵ½˵Ǹ磬ԺһҪúõչá
½ĵͷ̷ģһġ
һԵ½ǫҡͷ㻹ǸСأ˭ҲչˣǰôԺôչСӵͽ
½¶ͷ½ǫְ֣Ǹ磬綼Ҫչ˵ܵõġ
Ǳ˼ңǼֻдչСӣСӾͿĵͺˡ½ǫ֪ټͥ˶̥֮ϴ󶼻ί˸ĸ֮⣬˭չһ˾˶ίɲ½ﲻ
ְ½׽йȥְֺ͵СԺ󣬻ǻһİ㣬ȻҲᰮãİƽķָǣƫ̻κһˣֻСǵĹעȻһЩ
ûоί½׸оǵķӦ֣һ³ԱҸ˻أϣٶܵòźء
½ǫһ⻰ˣ
½ͷܳȥˡ

½ǫһԽǿģʺԽǲġ
޸֮󣬾֪ϲϲϾǻʺƾʲôҦǰѹһͷҦĺҲҪѹĺһͷ
ʺ뵽ԼǸĺڻҳأҪ˵ʹˡ
ʺҪ½ǫʹ죬·Ѿ߲ͨˣȻǻʺ󣬿ȴ޷½ǫס˹ȥ½ǫһ¶
½ǫһԼ˳ӣŷķˣûӡ
ߵ̫˵Ը¹¶жˣˮ϶Ҳж
ǿԿһ¶ļΣˣǹôСһޣҲм
ʺ󣺡ĸɾһЩҪ°ѱ

޷̵ģߵĺ֮ιǳԷʱ˵ộ֪ǲǲˣҪҪ̫ҽ
̾ͷ¿ȥǼҵС
½ǫżοҲȣûθڡ
߽ȥӣֺӲûпޣǽ첻ޣƽʱҲٿޣ½ǫºǸư͡
С۾ģЦ
ƽʱٿޣҲôЦЦ˿ûҲư͡
½ǫǵģ⺢ӲǸоʹɣҲޣ޴Ҳ֪ﲻǻᵢ顣
߰Ѻӱһ£ﶼû쳣ǽ˴̫ҽ
ʺǱ˵½ǫǸ̫ҽˣ¶˷ܵĹâҩô飬һξͼЧˣ
ȥˣ±¶ҲûǱȥԼȥǱ߶š
̫ܿҽ͵ˣСһ飬û
ûΪλ᲻ˣ߿˿ǰιӣЩӶûгֹľҲޡ
½ǫ뵽һܣǲˣСӲŲԸˣ
СӳͲƽˣ˵׼ʲô֮ء
̫ҽ˵
ﻹԼͦõģûв̫ҽһ£ķ˲Ծ֮
̫ҽһʲô˺ʲôˣ̫ҽˮ﷢¶
Ϣŵòᣬ̾ź뿪ʹ
½ǫǰȻû˰ٵĿʲô磬Ҳ˵˽ĹסڹȷʵΣա
˰ţʲôԵĺȵõȫԼŵù׼ġ
û취һ¶Ȼ뵽˸¶Ҫӵĺǵĺӡ
Сڳ˵񣬲Ȼˡ
̽ȥ飬һ֪ͨ˻ϡ
֮ŭȻڻʹ¶Ǹ¶ǲǾҪ¶ˣ
̽˳£еĹˡǱĶ
ֻ飬ôɾҲ˿ټϻôȵŲ飬ֻжĿȫץ̿򣬲һ죬Ͳǻʺˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


137 
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ŭ, ˵ʺǶҦʹӵ£ڻʺָҶҦŮֱ֣ʺķţ乬
Ҳܡɡķ˻ʺ巸µļʮ֤, ʸ˻ϡ
гЩܳն, ˺öȥɱ½ǫ
Щ˱ץ˹ؽ˶ļ, Ѫӿû뵽ʺȻƤô
ûЩ֤ó, Ϊײϲ½ǫԶ½ǫ²ġ
Ϊ£ϻ׺úõĽ̸һԺԴǫԴһ
ױϴӦȴҲ½ǫᲢۣ
֮ǰһֱ֤ѹûиϿ, ԻʺļһĴһд, 粻
׽ʺһʣĶץ, ննŵ, в˽Ϊū
ô̵ĽʺһҸ, ŪóĻַ̻̣˺һĴʱҲסˣĸ飬ûϿĸôϣһ
ϾͲǼǵֵ, ʺһǻ֮ж, , ֻǵЩ, Ǿ֮ȴҪ˵ӣһҪһӶܿ࣬ܽͷ֮ޡ
Ҳвٴ󳼰飬ϻɿûɱʺ󣬶Ǹһأĸ뿪ǣûؾ
Ҷڿ޻ϴȣʵϸǷķǿຮ֮أ߽ˡ
ߵʱҲûǴͼѾʹӣ뿪ˡ
ʺҦӵŮʱǴ˰նʺʹǳ֮ܵ˺öϮ
ʹĸλ˵ʺ³ģＵһ½ǫ뷨ˡ
½ǫ˼µʱ䣬Ͱѻʹ·;·ȫ޺ˣȻ˵ƻȫƹˮ··ƽʡȥҲʡ˵Ҫƹг
֮ǰ˿˿ʮǸСֳҲ½ǫг°࣬ǴûԹ
½ǫʦּ˵Ǿ棬Ҳһ½ǫʦֵͬǼˣҲ׷׺档
ʦѧôǾͰⶫ⣬ûϰ°ʱǻǸϰӣӿɡ
½ǫĳԱ߿һг꣬ͷагԼҵĵԱÿڳϼȦ
·Ѿ󲿷ֶˮ·гˮ·㣬ռطҪ㣬гĳ̥Դȥ
½ǫг󲿷ľʵģֻһЩõ˽
ӣۼ۲ô󣬶һ
ǮĿǰ˺ͨ˵𣬵΢С˼ҵļͥܳܵļ۸
۸ֻݶ껹Ҫ۵ģǷ˿һüҼһܳԵ
½ǫĿ겻ǽۣ˶ԣʱ˵ǶˣǶʮͨ˼Ҳܳܵס
ʼǮ˼ҾһȥǺ½ǫҦӵ˵ɽǴ󲿷ֶг°࣬Ҳ½ǫȥѧϰгûôȽĴҲг·
½ǫ˵߲ͨ㣬ࡣ
ȷʵҲһҺĵ㣬ʲôʱйܿƵסģܶͻȻ˻߷ŸƨζȷʵҲǺǡ
˵ЩˣҵСţҲǲԸġ
Ƿ׷ȥ½ǫﶩгʱǷֲʽŮʿ
г˾ǱԵйʱŮ˶ҪҹʺܸߣÿԱ԰³·ԶĻһг
ʱ°ʱ侭ܿгŮ
ǵķΧˣǰŮ˺͸ĵλǳͣ½ǫ߿ĹԼ̶ŮԱ͸ҹʶͣʵˣλҲˡ
½ǫҲ֪һ㣬ܶණߵλǺںžܵõģʵλˣǮλˣȻܵõԼҪĶˡ
ˮ·глƶɸعԱȥ죬ˮ·̵ķɿ졣
½ǫȫضˮ೧гһӲԹ涨ŮԱҲҪֵأҪеŮȥϰࡣ
ȻҲǵ˼Сû˿⣬Լڸؽ׶԰СǼоۼһкʦܣŮ͸Ůʦܣ˳ٽѧϰд֡
Ҫÿ˶ܿȡһ󲿷˶ʶ֡
Ϊ½ǫЩҹȫľö˲١
ˮ·гЩҲˣһкܶѾģǰҲֹȳȻų߷֯
ȳгȻųгĸ񣬻ˮ·ԼȵȵһЩ߰
ΪЩѾһ˲ʮ
ʮ֮ÿģʽʮûиı䣬Ժ󶼲ıˡ
ԺĿռũҲˡ
ǰһƬأгԼһӡ
ӲѾ˸ƯĺשˣõҲˡ
ʮũͷֳһɽ㿪ɽϢдɽҰˡҩʣڴĿɡ
󣿡½ǫȽϸȤ
ֻлĹԱȨɿ󣬶ҲǱȽٵģ󲿷ͭǮٲһЩߡ
ʲôĶѣڿԼڿ󣬲һһܿĵطڣ޵ˡ
ǲ֪費ҪԼڣһ˵̫СڼӻУڿ
ʱ㿪ǰʮͬǣʮԺﻹǿҪ
ˡˣϷNPCģٵģҪý򣬻߳鿨ռϸ
ʮǰģʽʮԺӴѶˡʮˡ
ʮ˳üһģһһũ
˲ٽңĽҼѾʮˡ
˽ң񿨣һԱ
ע⵽񿨵ĿԱֶһɫĿء
ĿǰʮԱһȫˡ
ʮľòѾߣһũˡ
òѾߣǱũûֽƬˣҲϧ
ӿ˳󣬷̳ҲˣҲԱͷĹر࣬źӣȼ͵ıˡ
ҲһԶޣȼߵضãǵӰĸ߶˵ĻˣȻǮҲǳĸߡ
½ǫźӣǱ߿ûУҲϲЩٵС
ҲЩãЩ˾ǲϲʵһ𣬾ϲֽƬϹţЩ˾Ǻܴĸ
ĵʮһɽѰ󣬲ҿɣԼɵĲ
ѰҵķʽҲҪԼȥֻҪղų鿨Ŀ乤ǾͻԼȥɽѰң͸ϷϷһ򵥡
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


138 
½ǫҲ̫˰ɡ
˶˸ɺԱ¹֮, ÿ컹˹̶ǩԼռϵ
ռרŵĳأɸϷ࣬й̶NPC, ɾͿԵõϽ, ЩϾԱĵߡ
½ǫѧʱϷ, ˵̫ѣǷʱ, ÿ춼ҪڳһʱϷò°Լʱ䡣
ڵĹܶ࣬ЩҲȫߣһӦô๤еľ¥̣οƻſһ͹̳
ϷһȨ, ǰġķһ߳ɵһ, һҪһ߻Ҫȥ, ȻҪ̸ԼչСӣʱͰ͵ġ
Լ, ̲һ, Ѿˡ
ȻָһֻˮСĿֻгСѷĶϡ
ܲõС궼ܵڿˣҼСûֶʶ½ǫְ̧½кҽ־ᱳˣ
, ¶ȥ, ϶Ѿ, ĺ, ضǸš
˭֪½⻰̾סԼԴϣְ֣ǰˤһӣײԴʧˡ
˵գһ˫۾½ǫְ֣㲻ͷһСѰɣ
½ǫ
ߴͷ⻰˹
½Ϊ߻˵⵹ϣ˿˿ͷۡ
߰ѺӱʱϾޣǸԺԸ񣬲Ҹ顣
½ףʲô
Ȼûб̹һСǣʮҲͿʼˡ
˵Ǹѧϰֻ̫࣬ҪǵĳͿˡ
Ҳܶ˵ԲǰùϽҲö̫࣬ŲҪѧϰ
˿˿Ҫ̣̫ˣ˵ʮӾġ½һ˫ˮĴ۾װͼ߻
̬ȼֻҪ˿˿Ͳᱻˡ
ˣԸѧͲѧɡ½ǫ˵תˡ
߲֪½ǫ˵½׷ѧϰż׷ȥ½ǫ
½ǫ̬ΣһҪ½׶飬鳤˲ɵӣʲô˶ܰƭģŲҪԼĺӳĿ
˭֪û׷ȥ½ǫʹӷˣﻹһӡ
ŪһЩ⣬½Ϊ½ǫ˷ܵľܹȥ
½ǫѺӷϣͷóһ壻
ûĸСִܾܾӿԻȥĶ
ְ֣ҵĺðְ֡û뵽Լ黹ܵõ½￪Ļˣ̾Ҫȥȴ½ǫ̧һ¡
ԼҪģûķݡ½ǫ˵žȥԺʱҲһʱ们壬һЩۻҵļɣһҲɿ졣
½׿½ǫ·ಷɿ컬еӣĽĲˣ׷ںͷ½ǫְ֣Ҳһɣòã
½ǫһЩٶȣ½˵ⶫ̫Σգˤһۣʺ㡣
ҿͦɵģſ϶ɡ½ĽĲУҪ֪Σգְһѣ˴Լ档
С̫ΣˣҶǶãⶫһ㶼棬϶ˤñ˵ģҲͦ࣬Ĳƭ㡣½ǫһ˵棬һ߻ţ½׸նĹĵġ
½ҲˣĴվԭأǹ˵棬ҿǲ˵ģ
½ǫ˵ͣת½ߣͷ⣬شͿǸ档
½죬˵ش𣡡
½ǫ˵ҲûŭǼʣʮӸ˵࣬ΪʲôҪ飿ϸ˵࣬ôҪ飿ôΪʲôҪ飿Ƕ֪õĶҪȥȻ㲻ãΪʲôиŮ˶飿ְָղŲ滬һΪǺ𣿡
½üëССԴ˳˼ȷʵҶ˵Ҫ飬̫࣬ȴȥˣⶫãΪʲôҪȥأ
½ǫԴ˵ǲˣñˣͲ㿪ˣ˿˿Ժʲô¶Ҫ˹𣿡
ѽµĻߵ½׵Ľŵ£ûµԺֻܼˣûǰĺҵһõķԺķֻ˵һûأг滬岻º㣬Ҫӣѷ졣
ͷЩЩˣ֪½ܲö½ŻĬŻطˣڶƲһ졣
½ǫ½׳ͣȥһ󳼵ļ󳼹ְ󣬵ʦֵĵӣǵĹϵҲһЩ
Ǵ󳼹½ǫʦȴ½ǫ½ǫźӵŰݷãʹӶûдûдһ
½ǫԼ½ģˣ½׾ԼĹˣҪ½Ӫһİºû˰æĳ
½ǫǴ˵˿˿ȥŮһԷɣҪ̸Է
ʵ֮ǰ͸ʦֶģ˸ƻ½׿һĴΡ
֮ʦֶΪʦֶС檣һС檾Ǹһиӡ
ʦֶһȥԷˣ½״ȥŮһԷ
½״СǸʵĺӣӲˣټϵĳÿɰ谮Сӵĵλúܶ˶ҲûκδۣĵһǺܴġ
ְְһȺİ˳ԷҲûκεľҵĸĽ˼̡
ҵĸʲôɫ㣬ȴһˮС
վңǲˡ
ͬԷĻĸӣһͷԵкӣһƤŮӡ
Ƕ½׶ܺ棬̲ס
½״󷽷ĸǴ˸кǸкӺֵĿǸ𣿸ǵСµΪʲôôһ
ֶ񡣡ĸѵһ䣬úӸ½׵Ǹ
СкϵǸˣȴһӡ
½Ȼûаϣתͷ˿վԸǲ˵ˣĸǼҵôǴŸ˲ͬ
үҡĸ͡
½ƽʱ̸Ҳҵ˼ȫһ֪⣬ˣǶ𣿡
ҡͷ½ĸЦŵͷ˵ʶһЩ
СҲ˵Լд֣½˱Ƚϣԭϰֵ˳ԷҪվŰ
Թֱ֮ȥ˯˯üС档
ְԭԶٷֻվųԷ취ıԼΪıˣȻʹŻȥʦֶͷˣ½ٸȺСһߡ
ʦֶҲǸ˲ţ½ǫʦֶ˵Լмƻȫ˹Ȼ𳵡
ϵͳһҪŪ񣬵ʱŪ𳵣ִɶģȰϣȻŪ𳵣˵׼֪ԼҲܹĵء
Ժϵͳ˵׼Ҫ磬ǡϾһټأ˭֪ϵͳԺ᲻Щ̬ء
ʦֶ֪ʲôֻ˵½ǫ˵ڹϻеĳΪǰҲҪ
ڹʻͱȽһЩûŻɱǰĿ졣
ʦֶ˷ܣ½ǫһ滮ܽô죬ҪЩ

½˯ѹ˸˵½˻һŽȥ䡣
½Ǹ˸ղųԷʱСأ˵Сȥѧˣڶ顣
Ƕ顣½뵽ǸͷԵСӣһ̰治ˣڿ϶ʹɡ
½Ǹвסˣ˴ԼȥԺһ䡣
ߵ԰ûҵĺÿûйĻûɶɿģҪȥҰְֵʱСӵĿعȥ
ȥĹУһСк
һҲ飿͵ҵֽãҲ㣡
½ϤǸղһԷʱСк
ǸСкղŶ˵ʱҲʱΪСкǰԸ֪ԭС
ܹȥʱ򣬷ǸͷԵСкһ߰СƵڵϣȥǸСӵ֣ǸСӵֲȵƤˣһԵǿţûһܵġ
½ܹȥǸСкƿΪʲôҪ۸
˵ֿǸ߰꺢ӣǸΪʲô֣󡣡
ңСͷ½ףǵĸ˵ǵͣסˡ
Ȼ½ָͶִˣһĺӣǸôҴк
Ϊʲô½׵
͵ұѧд֣һѧдֻ֣к䡣Сҫ˵
½׿һȵ̬ǳˬȥ͸
Сķҵ֮ʹ˯˯ˣæ˹Ǹֿʲô
ȶִҵģǻͷԵСкָ½˵Ҹ͵ҵıд֣ҽѵ磬ܹ£ִҡ
½ص㣬ص㲻͵ʣǲѧϰд֣ԭ˶˵ʹ಻ѧʱ;һ¡
ڴԼѧ˻뷽跨бѧ;ʱҶҪõĺˡ
磬ѧϰдֵ֣ܵĲ֣Ҿû񶾵ĵܵܡ
ӿ˿½ףһǴ˼ݵСӣһ񣬵˼ͣ˼ҵָֻš
ֿǸСкĸ磬ҲǣΪһô͵أУѧд־͸Ӧˣ˶д֣δЧңһҪô־ʲôδӲҪǻϿȥ
Ϊʲôд־ϼһɶ񣡡½ˣ˵˶дʱġ
Ǵб͵ģȻһ£ȻΪʲôǧټƵĲñѧԼѧء
ҶˣǸȴܷǣΪְ˵ĵλͣ˶
˵ϼһǸȻСͻȡ֣ⳤ˻ܵˣ̧־Ҫ½ףҵĸϹϽסӡ
˵ǻϵӣ½ǫĺӡ
⻰ŵɫҰףһƨȥ
߶̫ˣ½ǫʦֶҲˡ
½ǫûһУ½׿жңȥ½׶飬Ժıˡ
ⲻĥ½ףҪ½׿ֵĳ󣬵ǿֵĳ󲻴Ӵ磬һʲôɵӡ
δҪǻϣ½Ϊĺӣ½׵̫ӡ
½״СͶһ棬ҪֻڻʹǸΪ
û뵽ڻջ񣬲֪λȥ½׻᲻ı⣬ѧϰˡ
½ĵ½ǫΪƽʱ½ǫڼҴӲӣ½Ҳְ֣ѣѲǺˣʮ˵һ仰нīߺڣְҲǺڵģ
½ǫ
ʮ廹˵ᣬĿ϶ҲãۣһѣҲᡣ½룬ʣְǲΪѧϰǼҸҿЩ㻹թ
½ǫѺӱСԸѧϰĴʵһһ׵ġǰְִˣְΪѧϰ·㣬´ξִòã
½ԭԸⱻǸԭˣίίı½ǫĲ˵ȻҲûĵطҾͺúö飬ñ˿Ҳ£Чġ
½ǫΪҪþأҵ̿涮¡
½ǫ˵½׶µʱԱߵ˶ˣ½ǫģȻһСǸСĶӡ
ʦֶǸ½ǫˣʦ岻ǿ˷Ҳֵѧϰ
ɽ½׾Ϳ˵㲻ǺˣԺҪҰְ档
һСӣôǴһ͸СѾһһģ֪ﻹûй桢Щֻ֪˺ã͸棬Ǹ˲ãͲǸ档
ְҪһҪɼԴˣ˵ļ²ҪܣܺԼ½ǫ˵Ÿʦֶ˵ԴԼСҲҪһͬʣǸСᱻ۸ԭӣ㣬ֵܽǲŻѧŰŲʣֵܽòŻˣҲûȥˡ
ʦֶԼ½ǫ治һȼģ½ǫˡ
֮ʦֶ˿Ǹ۸С˵Ҳĺӡ
֮ǰȴһֱŲʣȷʵ½׿˵ǰ㣬Ǹˡ
ԼĶ˵ĸ磬Ժ׼۸ˣԺһ֣ÿҶ飬Ҫٸ۸ΪҲͷ㡣
˵תͷӣ˵һˣһתŷַӲ֪ʲôʱιȥˣôʱ侹Ȼû˲д򡣡
ȥ֮󣬻Ͻ½ȥһ극ϴʱѾɡһʱˣ·飬½ǫ˵Ϊˣ·ҪƮˣϻˡ
½׽ȥʲôˣ½ί˵Ҳ飬ԺվųԷźˣҲӣҲ뱨Чҡ
Ͽôί㲻һȻǸ޵ӣ쿪ʼȥʮһ顣

ڶ½׾ȥѧϰˣСĻڹ飬첻Ҫ𴲣ҲܻһֱϷѧܻ½ȻǻӣҲŻһȥ
ʮҲСˣ⼸λӣʮʮ߻ӡ
ԷʱСϾʣһˣʸȥˡ
СԸԷҪ߱ŲſϳԣҲͳԼڣŲſ϶ԡ
ҲԹţ;ǿĶţֻЭˡ
½ǫҲûа취˵žͱŰɣȹˣ뱧Ըĸ׽ˡ
СھͲˣҪҸ硣
½ǫ취߶С˵ȥѧöˡ
Сߣѧʲô𣿡
ߵͷѧþĵطСúóԷԺȥϵģÿ춼ԹԳԷܽȥѧö顣
СһҪôϸ̳һڷҲҪȥѧã
½ǫ仰ͰСӺƵϲˣ˺üŰ˿˿ƭȥˣҲ̫˰ɡ
л˵
Ժƻĥһ¶̣Ժö̼̳½ǫλ
̣ҽôĥҺ£л2022-06-22 20:35:43-2022-06-23 20:57:17ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


139 
๫ҲҪס
½ȥϿ, һˣߺ½ǫʱҲӿԣһЩ
ʱֳһ£Ǳս£, ߹صسǽˡ
ĿǰбȽĽŽλ, Ҳƽ˱ս, û뵽ʮ꣬ǾȻٴ
̾ͽٴγ, ٴƯ̻
߲ųȥãߵڹ˳͵ϮѾռǳء
ڹ֮ôʹ죬ҪԭǴӣӵķؾǱ, Ǳ˿ϡ٣ϡȱ, 겻, طǴ
̫, ӹȥȻз, Ǿǹȥܿġ
ڼϴڹӦϣֱӾͰѴӵķظռˣռصĵһ죬ͰѴӺͻʺɱ, 踺ڷһ
½ǫϢʱĸ, ڹ, Ƕĸĸڹ, Ҳûȥ˽ĸڹ
ټϴ̫͸ˣ۴ӳʲô£֣ͺʲôôҶĴһ㣬½ǫ͸û˼ȥ顣
Ҳڶɻڹĺˣĸ򣬷ҪŵΣյĵطʲôͼ
Ƕڹ̫ģǾðѶӷŵ߿öӵõõչˣ
̾λȥʧȥ½ɳ½˧
߶ڴ̣ǶǼƫԶҲûɰǵĿֻţӲԾκεӰ졣
֮ǰ½ǫȫˮ·ôٶȼӿ˲٣͵Ҳӵķ㡣
гޣڲг·ٶı
ݵĳҲ̥ӵʡ
ǰҪƣ¿ͣǽ½ǫгֻ˿ְ峵Ҳʡˡ
Щֳгʻˮ·ϣƽ̹·óֽĥ̶ȡ
ԭ½ǫ׼׾ѥùսˣˡ
²ⳡҲ˶ãʵ̫ܵڹС٣󣬱۴ӾǸʵԶԶѹɸ˹ȥֻҪűģǸͿģܴӮⳡ̡
ЬӻǿʼˣԭЩæĺܣûжʱչҵ
ֽһרЬӵģЬӻѥ
һӵһ
˲̡̻
ӵʱʶԽ羹Ȼû̻Щֲ궼ôİԽǰĵطҲǽֹȼ̻񣬹ʱ˲ţԽҲûע⵽ϸڡ
ֶ̻׼ڿռĿ졣
֮ڿռ￪ռĹȻҲǱϾˣֻҪι˲ϣԶʮСʱĹ
Чʸһ֮⣬½ǫǵܱս½̻ЩҲǿըҩģɱʱǺܴģһ䷽ȥˣ֪ô죿
½ʱϿѧĲԭӿǸԸ
һ뵽ǻϵӣǱ㲻ͨĸǴ˻ʼң˵Լ֮޽ٵĽ½׶顣
½ȴûбϸܾһд־ͺˣǱĻϿζһӣеƤһЩĻŸɣҿΨ½ף˭÷ӶĿ࿴
ҲͰʱ䣬Ӿͱˣ½˵̵Ĳạ̃УҪϸǻһЩķӡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȻΪ½³ɽǣΪռ˴ˡ
ة˴£ԼСӰŽȥ½׵
ةӽϣ½״꣬ѾˣѾ¡дӡʫˣ֮ǰڼרŽ̵֮ҪӼġ
ôһŵСţҪһЦ
ÿ첻ҪԼͯ빬飬֮Ż
һѧʱͯ˯ϣ
ƽϣҲ첻飬ϺˣδԹ
ͯȴһͯҲǸСӣûүƽȻҪźү飬׼󣬾ͿһϢ˯ˡ
үҲǺϣϲһ˶飬ʱͯȥϢ߳ȥ棬ڵʱһ鷿顣
빬飬ҪһЩʱ˷·ϣҪĸ硣
ȥ·ϣ̲ͯסϣԹһʲô鰡ȻҪһҲˣȻҪүⲻǴСôͷ˶ЦϵǼҲЦ
ϣڱĿĻۣƽʱԹͯ˵һЩʲôҲӡ
ǽȴ˵໰Ժ㲻øˡ
ͯսͣ˵ˣȴдίԼ˵ûд
һԸŵֿͨ͸ͯ˵ЦǼʡ
ʲôͯ꿴һԼүѸٵıսͣү³
빬ӻ㵱һеĻ᣿ǶǼԴĻᰡֿԼүүϻۣûʶԲᣬûУɲüүô
ǸһվͯԼүί
˵ɱСǸҲǿϲ빬飬ȻϻүˣҲǵòĽ̵ߥүһүʧȥᣬ㵣𣿡
ͯƴͷԭôүһҲ
ͣϣгͣ׷ʲôΪү˶ҪȥȡҪѯʣͯôݳģһ㶼ƽȣүŲˡ
Ҫ㲻ǣϣԶͯ˵³
ңүҴˣҲˡͯûмүôƢȷе˵ûүƢүһֱԸ䵭ʲô鶼޸У˾Ǹ飬û˭˹Ҳû˭ǼСǴ˶
ͯΨһһүˣүϵ׽ʲôүԭʵǰֻϣԸЩС·ϰˡ
ҵδɣ㼸ĳպ󲻱źˡϣİ˸
Сûʲô˵ע⣬½Ҳ֪Ϸʲôֻ֪ǸСҪˣӾȤڿɾ͸Ȥˡ

Դ˸Ů֮رĵһǿƯС·СÿķʽȻСͷҲûж٣ҲСˡ
Сϲ۵·ɫ·ͻޣĺܣֻҪʲô鲻⣬ͻޣƤ𪣬ÿο֮۾Ǽⶼ÷ཱུģر
һȥС˷۵Сȹӣİ֮һ˰æ
СƯСȹȹ֮󣬵ͷȹȹϵƮ˵ƯƯ
ȹȹƮƮЦž
СЦҲƯƯ
ǺҲƯƯߴչȥСգȻСְһչȥס
һգҪͿСԱֶһ
½ǫѧС۵˵ߵ๫ҲƯƯ๫ҲҪס
⻰ߵùǺ㿪־úЦ̲סЦ๫ˣźӵ治Ҫôᡣ
๫ᣬ๫ҲƯ๫ҲҪס½ǫָԼ๫
߱źߣԼһƯȥɣҴȥ԰ͻ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


140 
ϸϲ
Сǳ, ԰֮󣬿ÿĻҪԼԴϡ
ЦͣСԴôһ, ô໨, ѡһԼԴϡ
С˿䲻ͬƷֵķɫ, ȫԼԴϣȫҪ
߿һԴĻСģ, Цǰϡ
½ǫοĵͷǵСȻһˣ꣬Ѿó˵˼άʽˡ
תͷ˿һδ๫ʲô˵ķʽ
½ǫһСӲѡ, ȫҪ, ֪ȫҪ, ѵǺ
ߣ
ȥҸ, ҿƯƯСԭת˸Ȧ, ȹƮͷԼСȹȹ
Ը񲢲½ǫ߿ģԭ½ǫҪС͸ŮӾ͸ôô뷨Լȥѡ
Сϲ˿, ϲ, ܽ, ԭԸ, ½ǫҲûжӸ档
СһֱԸԺѽ·ֵֻܿ½ˣСһǵĿֵСҲá
½ǫҲھ½ۣǻо仰˵ԽԽû׼СŮ֮ǸݽɫأΪִŷȹȹһͷСۻɱħء
½ǫСľԶˣ˼·֮ںС
ڶ飬㲻ԹȥߺֻÿԹԳԷʱ˯֣Ժͽһȥòã
С⻰űҪޣ뵽Լˣûа취ȥˣֹֻס˿ģСȭͷǿס˿ĳ嶯
ֶߺ½ǫƲסĹЦ
СԴǣˣˣ
˵½Ǳߣһһߣǳ졣
˵빬֮ѾþûмϣˣϵӦø˲Ŷԡ
ϣȴǰϵõռҲǿѧϰԱߣü˼ʱϣҲˣԷʱҲҪԱߡ
ʱʮȥʱҲӲһ档
½׾һ棬Ӱ۸а
ѧǺҵʱ䣬½׷ѧ̻֮ȥȥǱѧϰ塣
½ǫ֮ǰ˵õģѧϰ书ܿ࣬½ǫǰ½׽һС˵½׸ԵòУԼҲ뵱ѧرù
Ҳͽ̹ôһͽܣ½ǵڶ
ǳϲСһȻҲϲСֻС̫Ժ϶Ըѧϰ书½һϰµԾһ½ײ͵С̫
ǸС̫С˳ӣƤ𪣬˵ͶȲ
ҳúÿҪԸ˳½һ䣬Ͳ½ײˣܲɹں
½׿ɰƯС˳ӣϲҲǸտأϲƯϲСһ档
һ棬С˳ӵļѧ½ǫЩС˵Ĵģ˵ԺҾʦ֣ʦˣԺʲô£ʦְ
С˳Ը˳½Ҳҷֻ˫޹˳ͬС¹һ۾½ֱͷ
׼½׺ϲ͸½˵С˳ӲֹԺС˳ź̫ࡣ
½׾ʹС˳ӻȥˣ½ǫôһƯСк˵ԼôСͻǿˣ
½ôһ֮Ŷˣԭź½׵ġ
½˵ְ֮ǰ̹ңԼҪԼƸˣҲǸСӣչ˺Լˣչҡ
㻹ʦܣԺһˣҵİְֺ͵Ժİְֵá
ѯһС˳ӵļͥԭĸĸ˫˷˺ü֣빬̫ࡣ
ڼϳԸϲߺ½ǫԼҵӵĴ㡣
С˳ŵ֣˵ⲻϹأݱ΢Ļӵӣź½ףѾˡ
½ǫһԸعصˣ⺢ôֻţ°СӸŻˣûټ֡
˰½ԱߵڳС˳סԺӵϢŵһһѧһ䡣
С˸С磬۾˹ȥƯ磬ҵġ
½ǫСС˰Ư˵ġ
ҵġСģͬʱֺܰԵ˵Ҫģҵġ
ԣҪӱ˵ܷǶԼǱ˵ĸܡ߱ĸ
См²꣬˵ʲô˼ϲСͿժԼͷϣϲʲôҲץԼ档
˵ԣۿﺬᣬСȭͷޣ¿޳֮ȥѧöˣҪصȥһ͵͵Ŀޡ
½׿һҪ˵ӣ۵ĽС˳ӹòޣ档
С˲͸ˣǸСѣرױãܹ̾ȥһˡ
ת۾͵꣬½ǫ̻Ҳˡ
صĸ˵бݣҪ̫˯ϸһϲ
߻ô󣬼еľϲ½ǫģ½ǫǸֺˡ
½ǫʲôĺöֱõǰǰԤ档
ϴ½ǫǰԤ棬صĸ˵ϸöʱǵһθñ׵ʱ
Ǹʹã󣬾ǴƵҲƵ
ãƹȥÿȥҲǳࡣ
½ǫûԼȥƹ㣬˷⽨ҪԼĵȥƹ㣬϶в˵˲
ȻڱѾ뾭ѵһˣֲֲͬ
ͽȥ¥ֵطĲⷽ㣬ÿһ¥к
ⲻ½ǫĿģ½ǫĿôϤȻϰֶ
Ժǻ֮󣬾Ͱ¥ˣ˭///潵ץؽ
ûʵֻʱ˳ӦʱĹʱĹ
๫˵Ҫص¥뷨ʾʮֵͬ
˵Щ¥ŮǲˣмԸһеģЩΪԼ˱ȵģ
๫Ժϣе¥ţҲһ¡
ջ뵽һ๫˵ϲ͸//ף˵ϲ᲻ҲǷйصĶ
벻ʲôҲżգ๫ôܰ˼ͷ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


141 

ϳԷ֮ǰ, ½ǫȫ˶
½͵һ˫ЬϴεĻ½׾ϲĲˣεĺЬϲЬϴ, һС˵һٷֵ
õ֮͹˲, ֱӴЬӾҪȥһȦ
ס,ͷ캮ضģ㲻ӵЬӵ涼Ĳ, ЬӳȥǸˤۡ
½ǫҲ˵Ӵ㴩ﻬȦ񫣬ů֮󣬵ϵıѩ֮ٴȥ, Ȼ͸ûա
½׽رס˻ĺЬﻬȦˡ
СǶҪ˶ĶûκȤ, ½ǫ͸һż, ë׵ģرɰ
СϲĲ, ڻﲻ, СӣҪ½ǫһֱˣСżԼĺѡ
һһ壬½׵ԲεĻСǽ׵״塣
СҲϲ, ̾ϡ
, ½ǫ˿, ǰʮѩ, ûѩǸ̻ĺ
һ˵Ǵñů·ǳȥְָһϲ
Ⱥȥ·ˣ½ǫԭ⾪ϲҶһݵġ
½ǫЦôǵĴ׶ԣ
ѵǡ߷˿ԭΪ½ǫʲôںҲзݣǾͲܲˡ
⼸ûڹУǻԼļҡ
½ǫȥ԰Ǹ룬½ǫߺ½һ
߻뵽ǰ½ǫںϷ˸ֵĳ
̫ļ䣬̲ס´뿴๫ָ׼ʲô
ûеһƬ
½ǫǵ˺ģķһѶһ鲼š
ʲô½׺ܹȥƿϵһ˽ȥ
½ǫЦŰֽ̧ǿ鲼ƿˡ
ͷ˺ö̻½ǫվںһЩȼ
ߺͺֻವļ£СɵУөƵĹâ
!ƯС̲סָϵЩС㺰
ΪǾϲˣ˭֪ܿ죬ЩСըһɫ̻
̻·Ҫҹնһ㣬Ŀʡ
һʱߺ̶Ŵͣȫ˵
̻ԺܿǶܿΧľǻʹĻ϶ϵ̻
ǻΪˣٿ̻ķλ½ǫҵϷֵģڻҦˣ׷ڵϹݡ
ҲΪҦ·ˣ˿챸Ҫȥ½ǫ￴Ҧ
ҪΪ̫ˣԼгȥ
½ǫ̻ļ죬ֻ˼ɫģûκͼ̻ͨ
߸Լ½ûмǿҲǺ㹻ġ
ϲϲҵľϲȵ̻֮½ǫǡ
һСգð춼ز
½ǫһֱסСһסߣ䣬Ǹûȥˡ
ŻعǱûлӡ
ס½ףһߣŻص任·˹ͨ˵ˡ
ǱҪ˯ˣҪӼݡ
½ǫ˵ȴ˯ɣԼȥ
½ǫûһҴӼɴԼȥˡ
ҲûЩļ½ǫղˣ·Ϊβȵޣߵô죿
½ǫΪѵ˵˵ûԭ㣬ڻϼ㡣
⻰ģȻ޵
ﻹ˵ˡ½ǫӡ
һ⻰ڴ½ǫ˵ʲôˣ
½ǫϹࣺ˵Ҫϴ̬Σĳϣԭ㡣
ôĳϣʡ
˵ϼˣ˵ĳϣɵҲˣķҲˣ㻹ûɣǾĲϡ½ǫһĺ˵˵
⻰޲̾Ͱɵˡ
½ǫ˵ɵһγ̫࣬밴ҪÿһҪķ
ãͻȥԲṼ˵̾ͻȥķˡ
ַ꣬һ¡
֮ǰȥշʧȥǳصĳ¡˰̣ûܳɹĶسǳأһǳء
ǱȻƫƧ࣬Ҳ٣ϺʹǶ첻ǵƬˡ
ˣǾܴ裬벻ϧκδ۵
ߵҪ˰ڹˡ
ҪȥŽȥˣͰڹ˰ɡ
ǻϲܸŽȨɵŽ¸ŽȨŽڹˣˡ
˼ȥȻֳһ˿á
ʱƼ½ǫˣһʼǲͬģϾ½ǫҦĺӣԺλ½ǫô½ǫȥΣյ顣
ԸȥļλӶУȥ˾ǲӵֻǾ˷ʱ˷ѱйԼ硣
Ǵ˵ĻҦϱȻ£˵׼ҦӻԼһæء
½ǫҲ˵Լȥҩˣֻɽɿ̫˷ˡ
ջǴӦˣҪ½ǫһͬȥ˵׼ܿҦ·æء
ϸ½ǫʮǰȥϲģŽӸ
ʵ½ǫҪôˣҪǱȨ˱Ȩκ鶼ǳ˳
½ǫȥ˵£˵Ҫһһȥ
Щǣ·;ңԶСҲ֪ܲܵˡ
ˮ·Զ·ҲµˣһԴ̫ҽ͸ҩģҲ̫ҽæҽΡ
һҺþöûгˣλᣬСӺúü硣
СѾˣ½ҲˣһСˣԳԶˡ
СƽʱҲܽԸԶţ˵ţҪþúþö͵ˣ˼һգǾһȥ
ԼСӣ˸ʰһɫȹȹ
½˵ְȥ̣һȥѵǴһǰߴ̣ȥףʦܲܰĽãѽһСʹõģɱˡ
㻹ɱˣЦ֪ɱζʲô𣿡
½ףͶƵĴɱ˵ģɱǻˣֻл˶ɱ˲кӹ
Ҳ̫ϷˣôܴСһȥײͬ̾ǼȻ½ǫǾһĵ
ο½ǫ˽̸ʱ½ǫ˵Բһһ䣬ܰѶԷ仨ˮпܣҲ½ǫһȥ
û취ȥˣҪھǣƾľƣ˳ֽԼĽӸ½ף½׸ſ¡
½ױǰѱĽӾͷˣʦˣʵСӵĽҲͦõġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


142 

ϵ֪½ǫҪźһȥ, ǳĲͬ½ǫȥ̸
½ǫ˵鲻·ҴСȥʶҰ, ǵĳɳкܴİ
Ҫǳʶ, ȥ, ȥЩĵطУ֮, սҵʱ򣬴СȥǺôҲøһȥСĻҪ˵½ǫ˵˾ǿּ, ѺӺ׼ȥ
½ǫ̬ȴ,, ȻҾǹȥʮİչ˺ǵİȫ, ǵİȫ, δȥĶʮһڡ
ʵֶ˵ˣй˴սıըҩЩ˺ܶˡ
¶Էù, Զ빥ǿܻһЩ, վڶԷ֮, Ҳûʲô󰭡
϶Ÿ˵, ͬһһȥ
ʱǳﻹĲǶ½Ȼһӳˡ
ҿʼˣһս벻źӵˣ
˵°źźӾͱ˻ϵˣߵĶҪȥ
˵ǴźȥͶڹġ
Ҳ˵¹ʱ񣬲һֳ˵·Ǵŷģ½ź¹ǰߣú¹÷˵˵ġ
һףŵȴࡣ
һǰ˵Ҫźߣ˵źӳ˻ʵģﻹھأҪΪɶҲһأ
Ǻ¹ʱִҶˣټϹʱǳ̻˶Ϊ½ǫ͹һˣǶǴŷģǶɰæġ
¹Ȼ꣬Ŵһȴӹʿ
ˮ·ˣȫβ룬γ½ǫҲǼһصˮ
еĵ治ʵӿݣ·ѿǹٸû˼ʱ޲дӻȥ
ڵĻ޵úƣˣԳеĴСҲȥܣд½½ǫ½ǫͽ״ܡ
һ̫ѳֳϺأǶĵλֶأ˭˵
ʱ½ǫǼ鳼Ķĺ£һ㲻ãͷֶ̫ϸҲ̫пˡ
ǿ쵽߹صʱǱߵˮ·ѾĸһԵĲˣǵĳ·Ͼγ˹һѺۡ
Сͷ̽⣬ۣ
ЦŸȻСӵĵ㣬ǿɰˡ
½һԿЦĶ˵ΪԵ̫࣬ؽ·ѹѿˡ
СĹĵĿŸ磬ҲôСôҪѹ棬ҲӦǸѹĲŶԣ
СӶһ죬Ǿͽˡ
ųǽҲ绯أһܸһ㡣
һķĳУ涼гǽǰš
ǽǵʱλǰӭӣλۿɼɹˣƤӴֲˣ½һۣҲˡ
Ҳܵˣֻǵ̫ǿ
ڹҰǱߵƽضӴֿ׳һЩټǸսҲӦߵĶЩҲ˲٣͸ˡ
λ˵ĺأܼһ㲻ˣѾ޷սˡ
ԭһλر߹صĽ졪⽫
֮ǰ⽫ڹ͵Ϯټֲ㣬ǳأ˳¡λǰӭսȻλǳأˣ޷ٲμս⽫ٴζȥˡ
⼸ǿĳ˹ȵ˴
⽫ҲŽ£ٴοŽʮˣҲƲסıŽʹˣŽڣǶоˡ
ŽһԵ½ǫε˧Ҳˣڵսýָˡ
⽫һԵ½ǫᣬֵߣټϴҲӦþڷͷʢĻˡ
ߵϢǱһЩǻû˵½ǫһӵĸףҲ֪ľΪǴСڻʹŵĻӣӭսⲻǿЦô
⽫ЩƲ½ǫϾԷǻӣҲøԷӣֿ֮½ǫһӹźӣѾߡ̫࣬ӺƵģӵĲ
ʱһλܹţ˵ڹս飬˵ʱǡ
½ǫһǿ湻ŵİǻҪǰһͲǰ׼𣿡
⽫ԵһλʮģСڵ̫εֶǣ
˵ķݡ⽫½ǫǸȮӣᣬء
޷½ǫ˿С⽫ʮӣӲܲʮ꣬СӣȴûйĪѾսɳˣ
ʮСӶҪսˣ˿ˡ
½ǫ⽫֮ǰڹǲǺüζǰ֪ͨʱ䣬Ȼǡ
⼸Ȼûйȴû㡣
Ϸˣǣè׽׽˲̳Եһӣһצٷץס
⽫ȻǾ裬ɾҲþ
½ǫ˿ɫղűŵ˵ȥҲһţ˵һӭսǶˡ
⽫˵ΪˣӶƽϣ˵λӱһСӻϷ
͵͵Լ²ۣһĶͯ
Сָ⽫ĶӺƯ磬ҵģ
½׸Ͻסõͣˡ
СĿһۣ綼ѾһƯˣҲҪһ
½ǫС̫ˣƯ
߸С˵ǵôģûò
ǸС˼ʮС˵С˵ܿôࡣղ½ǫСʮӣģȴӢ£δ϶һλĽ
ԼŮ̾ͶСĺøж½˸ôôò˳ۡ
С½ǫҲò˳ۣһ½ǫžͲǻ̵ˡ
½ǫ֪ߵغ񣬾Ȼ˵Ҫһӭսǳ̻СӣʱҼأ
ȰסϣϴҳԶٺõģ˲ҩԱϡ½ǫ˽ϳԺúȺãʹźȥ⽫ǰŵĵطϢȥˡ
ȫϢȲ鿴һµΣȻԼĸϾѾٶ꣬ԼĸҲǺġ
Լӿռóļ/׽ǣϻҹ£ȥ·ϣ͵оǰоըɽڣ

⽫ĵĺܣĻӿžͲУ첻սϰɡ
˸׵ĵģ˵˲ôݶˣһϹָӵģû׼δս¸
⽫ѵ˶һǻӣˣ϶ǣǴʤ̣Ҳøᡣ
һϳԷ㲻׼˵СС⽫ĵĸԼĶ˵
˵ţ½׹ǣߺ󣬾ͿһԼµˣȻܹˡ
⽫ԼĶӸ
½װ˵񣬡⽫ûʲô£һ棬̫ˡ
ȥ䡣⽫ԼĶʹɫ׼˵úչ½ס
⽫ĶĲ⣬½ˡ
ûʲôÿģȲǾ⽫Ķ˵
˵ộƲ𣿡½ǰû֪ԼݻƲԼˣȻµСӳ⣬ǰһ￴Ŷʮˣ£ϡ档
ҡǺ˵
ˣ½
ʮꡣش
ʮꣿ㳤ùģһΪʮء½Ц˵
Ǻ
½ʲô
ѰѰش
ҽ½ס½˵ŸߵһƬտЩĵطҿ彣Ҳģһ
½ǫЩС˵ﶼдģǶϲ˱ԡ
ھǵʱΧСѧ䣬ǸʦǸºӣȲںò׿һѰɲҪԱô
ѰѧĹ򻹲ͬһ֣Ѱ͵ģ½ڼ͵ġ
ѰνԼҲҪν뿴ĻӵĶʵΣǰν֮ǰȴƼ½׶ϵĸ룬֣Ҳȡ
Ʋң½ײ˵㺦ˣȲ
ѰƢһӦԸ˳ôѧɣ赶Ūʺϸ㻹ǻȥѧѧ廨ȽϺá
˵⻰ǹ⳰½ףľԼ
½׺ЦһԼĽҰְ˵˵ʺ϶鲻ʺ䶼ǴѹĻ¸ǱǸ㣬ûӣ˾СǼüĿ㣬ΪǸһӣû뵽Ǹ޳֮ͽ޳֮ͽҰν
½˵꣬ת뿪һıӰ
Ѱջδһ䣬׷ȥ½׵ǰҸԣҽҪ㿴ӵĲԺϰͷ


143 
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½׼·, һҪԼܵļơ
ԭ½׻мڸС˱䣬С˵ĴԣǴСˣǽгͶơ
½뵽˴, γĽ,ҽձҪͶơ
ѰԼ, иƣԭһС, Ҳû뷨ˡ
浶ǹıһѣ½ԭǼƣΪȴһѰֻǱͨСһЩ, һЩʽˣɼ¾Ͱ˸ˡ
ŪĶ̫, ˲ǰۿ
½ǫ˵ϴһԶٺõ, ŪɶģýʿǶæˡ
, ʿʿй, Ƕ˱䡣
Щй˴󲿷ֶ⽫Ĳ£ȻʶѰٽ˭أСкҲ߰ģȻٽˣ˲ð
ǸСк, ǲǸСô, 㿴иء
ôǸ
˭˵, ҵܾܵǸ, СʱũæµظɻһǴͷĸ͵źżңǳҪһ
ҲǴĸŻһǮ˼ҵĸ
ϵĻӵĺӡ
Сٽǲǹأ
ôٽЩأٽҲǻϷˡ
͵͵˵ٽ书ҲզأƽﶼװҲҪˣǷˮת
˵ţͿѰ½һԶ½ҫһһͷ
½𽣣һֲ̡
˵ҲûΧ۵Ⱥһۣתߡ
Ѱĵ棬´ٱȣҵ״̬ã
½ûٴסˡ
ȥ֮󣬵ͰְѾϴ꣬һ·һˬ
ڵϵĵ̺ޡ
֮ǰ½ǫһֻӸǱţӶˣ½ǫΪϢϢ͸һֻСܡ
ֻСżҲûôױˡ
СڵϣżԼҼҡ
С½ײͬ½׺ܿʣϲСһ棬ܶԷĺÿֻҪԸ񲻴С
СͲͬˣϲƯС棬ܱΪƯСѺ٣ĸ磬ٸСһʱԸСһ棬ҲԸһ档
½߹ȥĶ棬С˵ղ㿴еǸƯǸܵСˣԺĪҪߵ̫
һԵ⻰߹½׷ʲô۸ˣ
ǵûС½װǷű˵һ顣
½ǫһ˵ı飬Ҿ֪ǻʲôˡ
ҲͬĵͷԺҪһˡ
СȴҡͷҪҪƯ档
½ǫһ⻰ͷۣŮ󲻻Ǹ԰ɣ
¹ԣֻܲƯ͹ˣҪõƷʡ½ǫһһСȴһ˫޹Ĵ۾ʲôӡ
½ǫ̾˿ûУ
СҡͷҪһ棬ߺÿˣûõƷʣǲǺʲôϵ
½ǫ
ߣ
½ףǻˣ߻˺ġ
½׾̫ˣˣСܾСǻģʱ㲻עһȭô죿
ССܽıڻСܲŲССܡ
Ǹɲĸ磬һȭô죿½֪˵ʲôԷ֮ĻС϶ģֻôһȭǳԵĻӡ
Сû˼ѿڶǾͿ֣ƯÿǾʣµĿͺˡ
ȫ˿Сһ˵⻰ٴ𾪣
ǴˣӦýСĲʶ˵ı죬Ҫ˵ĵҪԼȨһбˡ
ӻСѣԺкܶܶĻ̵߻

˲ٺþƺòˣǸ½ǫһͬǰĽʿǣ߾˼սʿǣǵƣõ˻⡣
ϳԷʱһС½ǫ˵׼ᣬôһ𳪳⽫ȴ輧;˹
½ǫһֱӴֲһ̶Ӯԭ˼ͷˡ
ԽҲ޳ַʱҦ˼Ӱ죬ΪľоԲԳ
ԼĲ¾Ȼ£ҲջֱӾ;ס⽫ӣ̫ʧˣ
⽫Ͻͷϴ˵߶ôôף̫ˡ
Щ˶ﳼļҾ죬Լͷģ֮ˡ
½ǫ⻰̲סЦˣЩŮӷǾǵɱͷɱͷŵţùصĹأҪǵΪڣӷ㻹ȥ˵²£Щ»зأôûǵأ
½ǫԲ⽫˵⽫Ҳ˴磬⽫ȥ˰ɡ
˶û뵽½ǫȻ˵ֻĿɿڴ
ʲôأȥ˰½ǫָָǰ棬㲻ȻھͿͷ㿴Σ
⽫亹ֱ˵裬½ǫԭ¡
½ǫɻ轣
轣ǻЩǿǵҲ̫ˡ
𽣣ʿɱ裬Ļӽңɱкڽس£ȻҪԴĻ㲻ºڽʿ𣿡
в½ǫ½ǫһף֮ǰǳأ֮ǰֶһǳأ㻹˵ǵģ
֮󲻵ûгͷǣǣǺþƺĳţ㾹Ȼ˵ҺǵģӦøмҡ
ɣ֮ļ˾ﳼļҾ죬˵ﳼļҾ춼Ҫȥ䵱˵ģˣĶȥӪﵱˡ
ΪѰղŸ½ױԵʱͷҲһ飬ڸҳҪ֪Ϣ϶ҪѪˡ
⽫֮ǰŮѰʮʱŵһӣôȥأصĽȥ轣ˡ
½ǫȥЩ輧;ǵı⽫˵ǰ㶼ô
ôһʣһﳼļҾ죬֮ǰϷģһǱģΪ֮ǰˣǱߵľӪ
½ǫһ⻰ǽһˣ⽫ߵĹԱôǶȹѹأе
½ǫǸ轣⽫޲ھͰ˸ɱˣƫƫ⽫黹ǺϷġ
ǻ֮һҪ컻ա
߿๫˵֮ǰᵽҪ߰칤ôͰǽҰɣȥǰߴ̣߰Ű칤ҲһȶĹ룬ԺҲٱ۸
ϴҺȵĶ̫࣬Ȼ½ǫ˵ǳ˳Գ˺ȡ
⽫ͷ轣̫۾ˣյйҪǣĻӻ˵ҪԼһȥӭսʵǲģĻװװͷˣԼȥˡ
磬½ǫ˶ڳڣһӭս
˵Ҫڳ¥ϿȻԼ๫
˵ףҲǲĵģϾսСС֡
½ǫȴڳǳ̫ѪˣҲ߻ŵ
½ǫ֪վ˱ըΧ⡣
оҲǳ׼ʱĵˣŻкܳһξĵطͣǵмĵŵףǿ½ǫڳſڣ̲ס¶˳Цݡ
ǵǺǣûǰߣѧթ
Ҳûߣ뿴½ǫҪʲô½ǫķ򺰵˵Ļӣӣô˵Ҳǲǵýһ磿
½ǫ΢ЦſǰûʲôʵʱҲϲ˴̣ʵˣܰѶԷˣÿ˵
Ӷ˵ʲô̫Զ
½ǫҲУҾһվǹҶ¡
½ǫװƣ̧֣ŲţǹˣҴһָǱһ̲⡣
й⻰̲סЦûô˸ӹ
⽫վڳ¥Ҳǳģ½ǫˣǵᣬµ˵һй˳ˣʹ򿪳ŰĻȾȻٹسš
µĽʿʣĻԸô죿
ԸҲҪǿȻǰңҲܲ⽫һȻֵµĽʿȻ𾴣⽫Ӹߴˡ
վһԵŽƲ⽫һۣĪĸо⽫ᡣ
ȻŽҲ½ǫ½ǫȻˣ˵ĵ
¥µ˻ڻະŶԻ
½ǫ㴵ţ˵󻰣ͽһүү
ûлҽүү½ǫЦżŭ˹
ǶӷĻ̫ˣûԼԹǽһǰȥ̽̽ʵ
һ˿Ҳһˣǳʱ¥ϵ˶ס˺
⽫ֵµ˸Ͻȥţ½ǫȻ䣬Ϳ½ǫǳװƵĴ˸ָȻǵضɽҡĺ¡¡һˣһٶ˲䱻ը⡣
Ѫζڳ˶ŵɵۣеСѾűͷˡ
ǵˣܣײйԼͱԼ̤˲١
ǿнԼסתҪ˳ˣȴ½ǫǺȷҪԭ·ֻҪǸҶһ£³͸һ
˵ٴξ֡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


144 
С
½ǫһ˵, йЩ˹Ȼˡ
ֹͣʱ½ǫ֮ǰǸ뷢䡣
Էףǵӽմôһ˵һ, д˶ǱԼ²ˤ, мǧ˲Ǳָɱġ
ӷֵķλ, ˳ֵķȥǶ˻δӽ, ٴ¡һҲըˡ
ֻʣ¼ǧˣûа취ֻܳˡ
ǰӻ½ǫ,Сˣ˵һӭս, Щʲô
бթ, սŵˣǷ̫ˣ½ǫûȥ׷Ķӵ, ת˿, ˳ǡ
ЩҲʧһ㣬Ӱ
Щڿռ鿨һ֣ʮˣռԱֽ࣬Ƭ, û˼û, ȫ
ҿʱӿռó, ٷŻȥ
Щֵŵȥ, Ϊˣûģȫ
ȱû˼룬´ǲŻжӦ䡣
˵Ƿδһ˶ֻһ
½ǫ֮ǰǳ½⽫һֱڴ̣нʿǵľҪݻˣÿӭһսµʱĶβܱסߣҲܴӮԷ
½ǫŵͽԷ仨ˮ˹Ŀ࿴ʿ
ӳŻʱ˶̬ȶˣ£ǿһĿ
½ǫЦĺеĽǽԼиĸףֽԼŮʱ֣ᷨ顣
⻰˵ȻˣĻӲиϵĵиӵи·ĺӣֲô
ļ˶ôԼһҲӵģȻղǵضɽҡĳûˡ
ڿʼ½ǫ˵ʲôﶼûлɣķӣĻȻϵʥּá
½ǫ֮󣬾͸˵پٰһϯף
һ˵Ŀ˾ֻԹߣǽܺþͺĳһ٣ƣõĽʿǻǺܸ˵һ¡
½ǫ˵Ƴһ⽫⽫ͷһҸ轣ˡ
½ǫĵͷۡ
Ѱҹûвμᣬ˵Լĸҹ轣ˣţΪ˵ѣǼ˵л˵ͷ׶Լĸ˵ֻ°ͶҪˡ
еأǿԼĸ輧һǰͷ轣裬һɶԸ׵
Сݵ˾ĸףǴ˿ĸȴΪ˻ĵ飬̫ʧˡ
ĿͶ½ǫ룬Լĸ½ǫǸжã½ǫĺӾǸǰţοһкˡ
½״Ӯһ㶼ģֵĲԼ̫ΪԼĸײ½ǫ
½ǫǻӣܸ½õĽͲһˣһӵôõ书½׵ʦжͿ֪ˡ
һʦضµһ
ȻͶ̥ܴӳ½ǫĶӣСС͵Ҳ˵һŮֻ½׵ϲ׸½ңҲ⡣
½ǫѰȵĿ⣬תͷ㿴ʲô
Ѱæͷϴ̬ȺܺãҲãԲѷСﲻãȥ̵ķ˼ԼĹһֱǸȴ֪οڡ
½ǫı鲻˵ѣ˵СӴֵĺѰǱ⽫̴ģЩ˼ҲĸҲһ¡
ǸֱӸȥ˵ˣ㶼Ҹ˵Ͳ˵𣿡½ǫ
½ôù⻰˹ȥ
ѰǸᣬǿеĶ߹ȥ½һ񣬡˵˻̵ķ˼ԼΪΣΣҲˣҲûбȸ˫ԴôͱȲء
½˵ĵͷľ򲻴
Ѱ佱ԼǸˣ½ָ̽һ
½˵̫ˣɡ
ѰҪ˵Щʲôӱקקͷ˺¹ץ˵磬һ档
Ѱдϲ½ǫӣһǸһǹ
ѡһԼδĶ϶ҪѡϾŮ˱ȸҪһЩøƯҲãλҲߣҪŮ˿ԸڽӴͲˡ
СҪʲô
ҼҡСǸôȥСӣϲСǺԼΧһɫݡ
Ѱһ⻰˵Сɱ½׺úƭˣò˶ܻùϲ
ʱͽйȥ½ǫ˵˵ǻؾʱԼҲȥ˵׼Ժܷɻڴˡ
ܿĵĸСһȥҼˡ
См䣬ΧһȦֱ½סС˳ӡСӺСܣԼѰ
С˵Ư๫СӺСǵĺӣ绹Ǹ磬С˳ɩӡ
Ѱһ⻰ӿˣһǿˡ
ЦʹҪʲô
˵ͱСһۡ
㲻˵СĿ
Ѱ
ѰĿ½׺С˳ӣ½ڱЦС˳һϰΪ
Ҷ죬Ҳűͣ뿴ʲô
ȻͿԼһЩ飬ʼѰΪ⣬Сż˵Ҳˣôˣֲǲ˵ΪʲôҲҪ
ѰڹͲһˣֻһߡ
ԭСúˣָоˡ
ǲֺùôڻͷأɲԺҲԼһˡ
ֺ˹ֺֻһˣֺˡ
ҧסˣɹһڲ
Сÿ˯ö磬ܿʹ˸Ƿ˵Ҫ˯ˡ
ѰΪԼˣȻͿְ˸ӹ˿ֱߵСżСżŵȻָָҪ뿪Ѱ˵С˯Сܵ
Ѱ
·𿴵Դϵʺһְͣ˵ҪĶҪͷƯҵˣҪȻҪ͵ˡ
Ѱ˿Ǹӣһͦѵģ۵ǿﵹҲԣ˻
ŵɫ԰ף̫ˣôһԱȣ½׷˸õѡ
ʱ½׻Ȱ˵˲ߣԷŽġ
ʲôС֪ʲô˼һ½ס
½Ҳûмˣֻ˵˾Զ뿪ǣ֮󣬾ͳˣˣÿˡ
С¶ĵͷԭƯ粻ÿˣͲˡ
Ѱ˸£Ͻ뿪
½׿ѰĲڣ߰ɣѰ˵½̽һѧ˾һͬȥ߱ġ
ߺ½ǫ극ˣСͰְ֣žžવܹȥǣְֺ͵𣿡
ߺֹǼˣԼһΣǲԸ
½ǫͷȻǼ꣬ʣ
С˵֮ͱˣÿˣְܸһˣҿ𣿡
½ǫ⻰һСδЩ̫ر˰ɡ
ʶΪ̫СͲ˵Ļһ¡
Сһĺ壬ܲȸһ飬ѧžη
½׻ʱſڱС˳ӽסС˳ӴóһӣǸղվģ˵Ǿͷġ
ҵģ½׿˿ӣô˸ԼͶ
ùӴ򿪣ͷһţͦģһţмӣдǱʼǣһ۾ϳϣּ
Ͽûк٣½׳ӣϣѧĿγд½׼Ĺˡ
½׻ûţȿЩʼǾ̲סüôԶҲѧϰϣ氮¡
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


145 
©Сް
Ȼ˵, ǶԷҲڰæΪãǼʼպã׼һͿһЩʼǵݡ
½ǫ߶С˯, һ˻طϣš
ϣǰƯһ, Ȼﻹ͸¶Űζ, ƾһֺ֣ܽ˿Ľȥ
ϣ˵ʲô, ʲôȻ˵½ȥĵطҹ²󣬽϶ഩ·ҪǱ߷ɳ, ɴҪǲҪ¹Ρ
ϣ˵ԶйȻʶ, ѧʶ, ȱ١
½׿һѣ˵ûа˴, Ҫǵ߶Щ, ÷
Ǹϣһţϣ˵ȻҪ
ҲҪǸӣҪÿ, ʵֶĽа
Ȼϣ˵һְǶôķ, ô, ɵľͻ˵ط
дͷ, дһʼƲϸǱ仨ˮ֮󣬾ͳ׷ˣֽ̽
˵ԼҲְú˵Ҫ齨һֻ֧иľӣ֪ܲ
ϣĹϵԣȻϣЩﻰҲϣһģСʺϸһ֣ȴϣ졣
ϣ˵һЩ⣬ϣ⣬ʱ⻹
ԴѰһ֪֮ȥӵݣ˶ԸƫжϣΪһӣȴδ˵ܶ飬Ҫӡ
лԼϣҲûͨδϵԼ
ǰûһ㣬ѰյĶԱȣϣǺϲˡ
˵Ҫ齨һֻ֧иľӣֻ˸İְֺ͵˵˻õ֧֮⣬ΪϵκһŮǸ뷨̫뾭ѵ֧֣뷽跨ֹ
ҪϣµĿΣǷһǰǰ֧
дãװŷｻС˳ӣʦܣһͬȥЩزһͬС͹ȥ˳Ҳʦһݻȥ
С˳⻰̲ס͵ЦʦҪֻ˳϶Ҫˡ
ʦҪģǸϣ˳½̸Ŀ˵
С˳ӻ͵Ц½͵Цʲô
С˳ǰСǸ½ദһʱ½һֱܵܣ½ǫҲԼĺӣʹȥ£ҲһЩʲôҲ˵֮ǰϣ˵лԼ㵹һһ⣬֪Σ
һʮְ꣬˵ҹ˶ʮȥ롣½״˸ǷˣȥϢɡ

һ磬СﻹĵͰְָ֮£Ūס
ߴȥʱɿһֻèץסһֱȸ׼ԡ
žžવܹȥҰèˣϾֻʣһֻСȸ
ͷһСȸֿ˿ϷŵСȸߵߣϵȸǻģϵֻĶԲԣ
С֣ԣ˾û˺ûʲô֪ˣһܶҲܷˡ
СͷҪֻСȸ߸ϽСҪ˻ġ
СãȻĿߣֻǲıˣˡ
ڻûãҪüŻ˳ˡĵĸ͡
ü졭Сͷ˵ҿԴȥʲôʱ𣿡
˵оͷƤ飬С⵨Ҳ̫˰ɣǵԼСʱǺĶ
ӣһ³ӣһʬ壬СʱµĶôСӵԸ񶼲ѵ½ǫ𣿲½ǫҲ
Դȥ߸˵ȥĵҲˣǻĵġ
ʲôСʡ
߾øЩ϶Ҳ˸˼·ȥŪСȹӵģÿʲôʱõòã
СһԼСȹȹŪ࣬ʱˣĶļɫСȹӣԼӺСżЩβܻŪġ
һһЩС֦һȦ׵դΧСȸΧб·ҲֹҰèԵСĸˡ
Էʱݵĸ½ǫ˵¡
½ǫҲܷѣҲûСӽӴΨһľ½ף½СʱҲ
СкҲһ£ֻҪԺ˷ƿС½ǫ룺ֻСﵱɣҲܺһ㡣
ʲôΪֹ㣬ԽԽʼԡ˹ĺɻȥˣЩΪѣعϡģûʲôѡҪҲûȥ˵ˣһʱҲزȥ
ѼһɱˣҲܳռѼҪСèСɱˣǾЩֲ̫ˡ½ǫ˵־ãССѼɱˣҲֲͦġ
ֻһĿڶԡ߿Ц½ǫ˵Сѳɱ˵ĻҲڿЦ
ֻУôʺҲ󣬵öѼ̫СˣʺС½ǫһķӰ߸Цˡ
˵ãҪѧɱԺҲһա
ɱѼҲһա½ǫ˵
˿ЦƵĶһ죬վֻСѼӡ
СģСС۾СѼӿܻһЩ
ϣǾ͸Сȥһֻ۵СѼӡ
Сϲë׵ߣ⻹һյë׵ĻĵͷȥСѼӣСѼҲžžવܹ
Сȥ˶򣬷СѼ۵Ľ
С۾ˣƯ
߸˵ԺıˣԺ㸺Ҹְһ
ҪԷ𣿡Сʡ
һҪԷˮô·ЩɲݿԸ̸ѡ߸ĵĽ⣬Ȼٸʾ
Сĺ棬ѧҲ档
ϻСѼӵѷŵ˴ߣһ۾һۣһ۾һۡ
ͺܿģҲûҪɱͼ
ΪʲôûжСȸôã
Сش𣺡СȸҵģСѼǵ͸ҵ˵ԺҵıҪչҵıСȸҵı
ߣϲ͵
Сصͷŵ˵Ͱְ͵ҶϲҶϧģ˵ŵ˲ܷŽСѼҲǻŵģҲܷŽǲǣǵϲ£Ҳ·Žһǲǣ
˵һƬ˯ʱ½ǫѧһСĻ½ǫЩ𣬡ҾȻôɱҰ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫СˣŻ˵һЩ˵ĵĻԺ˿˿һȥѧѧ˵ͺˡ˵
׼˯Сܹţźҵıˣ
һ⻰Ͻ·´½ǫ·һȥ
ѵһϣСѼӾͱŪˣ
ǿź󣬿СǸװСѼӵĺӣСѼãȻͷǡ
˿ⲻǻĺúõô
ˣСָСѼӣ˵˾ͳˡ
ߺ½ǫЦã½ǫͣᶯûΪʺˣҲʺʺʱǲҲǳģ
ССѼû˿ؿڣҵıû̫ˣǱ̫ˣϾͷڰְִ˯ɣһٽȥ
½ǫҪֻ֣ܳܳ㣿ǰְֵ©Сް
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


146 
Ը
Сٺ͵Ц, ½ǫû취˭Сأ¡
СѼӾ½ǫߵķٽС
֮һʱССѼչ˵ĺܺ, ˰СѼӵԼĺһĶԴ
ֻÿ춼ȥֻȥСȸô, һʼĽӲĸ, ˳ӣɢ˶ζֻ˼ʱ䡣
С˼, ֮ÿһѰҪֻСȸӰ֮ȫ޷־Լĸһ

½ǫ˼֮󣬾, ֮ǰǳء
ûףԼ, ս, ߵľһ˵Ͳˡ
ڿռ˼̨ڣŹȥ
֮ǰȻ½ǫġ, ǿĶ, ôôͷڵԲԲҲǺܴҵ˶Ҳһ˰ɣɱҲӡ
ⶫҲͶʯǰ, ôͷĶͶԷĳǽȥأ
ǰ˼, Ҳɻ, û֮ǰֶ½ǫĻɡ
ϴӴ˰̺, ڹĻѵ⣬ӳЦ˵ܲŴ˰̣󻹱ʲôԷĻӻʲôضɽҡķ̫Цˡ
ӱҳô˵˶Ļȥӹ
Ӹոյ׼ȥ½ǫûȥ½ǫ½ǫˡ
ЦһҲȥ㣬㾹ȻҵҪǸõضɽҡ½ǫж
ڴսۣ׼ȥӭսȻ¡죬¥Ǳ˴һȭҡΡ
½ǫ˸Ǽ̨ڵ˶עǼŴڣ뿴ǸʲôȻǾͿ֮ûãͷڵವһ·˳ȥ
ֹôССһҲ֪ܸܲǳǽһС
һСҲãһЩѳǽҳɸӣǿϧˣ֮󣬻Ҫ޲ǽǵûɡ
ڵ˳ǽϣҵĺ¡һ˲˶סˣе˾סͺð춼ûзӦеŵֱӹˡ
ĳǽΪ¡Ȼ
ǽվŵĵзʿ
ڶ֣˳ΰͶˡ
ͷͶǶԷӣ֮ǰ緢žԼǰûϢ˰֮ȥʲô½ǫʲôضɽҡķ
Ҫȡ½ǫͷȥúõøʺ͸λǿһֱеֻǹСµҷϣһСͲӵӣǸıĴӢۡ
ǵһڵ֮˲͹ˣ˶ҪֻҪܱסС½ǫүүС
ǶͶˣ½ǫȻҪǵߵĳǽ½һ飬Ȼˮࡣ
ǰĳǽɳ׽ճϼȥճשȻˮĽʵ
֮⼸ǳضؽҪ·ҪЩؼңʱ̻ȥȻСӵĿγ̫ˡ
ߵķɳ̫ˣҲ̫ߴþƤϵĿ죬һô죿
Ȼֻֻһ˵ƿ˵ʲôӶϲЩеûġ
˰ӹ֪ͨйõйʣµǳӡ
Ȼֻ֪Ҫ룬ʱʣµǳشˡ
ÿս˶ǼǧˣһӻǳغͺƽҲֵõġ
ڹһͬ
ȥ̵ʱߴһȥɽѰˮϡ
⼸Ȼ˲٣ǸƯĸ
ǱƯЩ˿϶ָӣǻĻӻᷨ
˵ҲᷨᷨҲ±ĻӸըɽڣȫԹԵߵ
ҵ˲֮󣬾ţɽ
ȥɽѡַһ򵥵ˮ೧֮
½ǫıеĻҪ磬½ǫȥ극϶ǻң̧ɾԺԸͺˣ㲻Ϊ
˵Ҳ¿˿˿СһȥˣҲҡ
½ǫ̲סЦıӣ㻹ͦίһȥø˵˵Ƕһ档
߶㿪ҵıӡ
ǰһֱôǰãô󲻵ˣ½ǫί
ˣܸǰһȻʮ꣬ԼӵĵˣȻܸʱ̸ȡ
½ǫ§סǵñǼȥ°ͣϰʮˣҲҪһʱ
Ǹһʱ򣬺񶼲ô˵ɡ뵽ʱ˵Ĺϵոռ棬һ㶼죬ӺСǶ½ǫ治ţĹϵܱܡ
½ǫҲ뵽˸ոմԽߵദģʽ
̲סЦмһֱûиʵҲ磬ԭ½ǫҲˣһ½ǫҲˣҲǴһġ
⻰Ǿȣ⻰ûƣ½ǫһڸЦ
תһ룬ԼֺγһΣ»ء
½ǫΪβռݱ˵ǡ
㣬֮ǰǹ𣿡
Ҳȷȷʵˣ˳ˣȻٴ۾Ҿͱ½ǫǰ˵Щ㺦£ĳӦͦǿˡ½ǫ˵ô񻰹£߶ˣһʶըҩֶߵĵӿ϶ǸʶʱǰСˡ
𣿡֮ǰ½ǫЩ磬ɽ续ΩΩФһֱΪ½ǫȥ磬ԭ½ǫǴɽģ
ֲãҸ֮ǰһֱǸɵӣ֮·űôӣޱȵţ壬֮ǰ壬˶ѡ
Ҳ̫ˣԭһӣ˼䣬ҪҪģǶǲǾÿˣߺ
ĿģΪߡ½ǫסߵ֣һﶼġ
ߺߵת˿˿ģƭˣ翴ôÿˣ˼һۣǸһҰɻˣ϶ƽɡ
˭˵ģ½ǫ뵽մԽ죬˵زЦһۣͷôһ꣬ɰҸ˻ˣ˵Ŀֵˡ
ȥģܰߡԽԽ죬๫ô˵һЩ˺ߵĻ
ûôҸʱһֱǰ֣㿴һۣ㻹ܶңֻ˯ʱ㱧һ½ǫһ߻䣬һ߰߱Լǰ㱧Ÿڵָжһˡ
ʲôһˣˣ
Ըˡ½ǫ̲סһѡ
㣡ءյĵԸҲ̫Ǹ˰ɣ๫˵ĳڣ


147 

˵ѵ⼸ǳ, ǸռǸЩģˣˡ½ǫԽǿߣԽûԼ, ϷϷԼҵķôˣ
˵ʲô, ֪֪һ˵, ǿ佱ĻǴϣһµظɻ, ﶼϣƯ߸о˵ĻԽԽˣȻ죬ǴԱߣһһĸ죬ѵԼʵǸŵĸ
½ǫȾԽԽ͸ĺɫ, ӱƽ˼Ѥɫʣˡ
ȼһĻ, ȲҪӶԷȡ
Ȼûг, ڷһֱ˺ֱС, ҪСѼӷŽǷʱ, ǲŽˡ
½ǫҵĻ·ɾϵĺСѼӽӽȻͽ˳ߺҹԡ

½ǫڹ, óǳػ, ڹûл, ڹϵ˼, жʮӣһ㲻ʲô
žڹ߻ӹ½ǫս
½ǫоԼһȤˬĵУһ֮һ˹Ʋ𳰷һȻٴˣ֮һ˶Ʋ𳰷һٴܣ÷ǳûȤˡ
߸ڣУ½ǫǰߴ̡
ַǳɵİ߻Ӹ׽ˣȻ߻Ӻӹһٴξٰ칦磬⽫裬Ѿ÷ǳˡ
ٰ칦֮û죬ˡ
½ǫˣȥҶҪ«ˣûꡣ
㣬һǳأˣ
ֱһʣµ
Ϊ֮ǰôʤ̣ʿǵʿѾˣǻǾǰ½ǫᶫս̫ˣҪϳɱС
½ǫҲᣬŽȥոǳأոһ
ûð£еĳǳضصҶѾʼؽˣ½ǫӡ
ڹдţ˵Ҫ̸УȻʹȥ
ڹĻϺסˣӦ̸С
̸½ǫӸˣûȤɱǣˣûϰ˸͹
Լʱ֮½ǫʹŽһȥˡ
ڹϲ඼ʮˣŻһ㶼Ǵ˰̵ӣ½ǫʱ򷴶ܸˡ
½ǫĵһ仰ǣҵܾˣˡ
仰½ǫŪˣ˵Ǻһ˵ŪһͰ£ȰȻһҲըɽڡ
ڹϲûЦһá
½ǫ
һܺôʶǲǣڹϽ£һҪ½ǫļơ
½ǫƫƫͲӣҲ棬ϲ˶ˣϼ
⻰һڣڵĿ˼룬ߵļλӡԼŭˣ޲ھͰ£öԻ񣡡
ڹֹ̧ǣǲҪǡ
ӺʹǣǵĻôǱ˸ˣ½ǫҲǻϵĶӰɣ϶½ǫ˵ˣʶ½ǫǻԨԴѵǵĻ½ǫ
ǲ²ʱ½ǫ˻ϵĶ棬Ǹ̸еģӻ㣬һҪʮƽһʮƽ𣬳ӵǮ֮⣬һƽԼ֮ǰǼ˷²ūˣÿ궼Ҫǽ
˵ŻóһݵӣЩǽĵӣ㿴Σ
ڹϿһݵӣȻһȰĿ½ǫЩ͹ɻûУһλ
ˡ½ǫûҲҪǵĹñɴзˣһˡ
ɶѣвܸ㴫ڽӴԺô̳лλڹϺ롣
Ѫܼ̳лλǳǻһ㹴ɡ½ǫ֣ҲҪзˣⱲֻһ˾㹻ˡ
һмӣĺҲɡ˵Ž˴˼СкƯˮۣѡȥ
½ǫƣоԼȥС½ͯ򰡡
ҵĺӻСѾˣġ½ǫ˵ҽ֪ͨһ㲻ӦҾͼҵʱܳ㡣
ڹҲ֪½ǫˣҪǼ򣬹Ƽ͵ñ½ǫˡ
½ǫҲûҪҪڹߵҲôãףҲù̫ˣ¿һƣԲڣûǸ
ڹֿ˿Ƿÿ궼Ϲĵӣ뵽½ǫᵽ㻹̫ʴˣһֱҲ޷ǹҵĻλɣҽ㣬ǻ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


148 
˿˿ģұҪ֧
㵱Ҳ˵ģ½ǫ
𣿡ڹӵʱ, ¶Ķǲм
ǲ䣬ΪλԼİŮ޸½ǫ룬İǼ٣ȥϸ档
ԭҴҵŮ޸, һͬʧ, ޸ֳֻ˶εѡ񡣡ڹϵ˵ҦʧٵϢ, ҲȥҦ䡣
Ǳ߱Ͼĵ, ͽԼŮ޸˴ӣŮ취ȥҦǸӡ
½ǫΪ֮󣬴ӱ䵽˱߾ŴŮĿе֪ҦѾϢǳ, Ҳֻйߡ
Ϊйߣɱı߾, ½ǫ֪ĿΪϱ, ½ǫҲκθмӵ
ȫҡڹ϶˵
ʱûҪ½ǫ, 뿪
ߵſڵʱ, ڹϿﻹЩѹŵķŭѵһ㶼ǺǸĸףȴҪףЧϿ⸱, ϶㡣
⻰ŭŽ, Ž֪½ǫļƻ, ߻λȻλһ˾õ, ҪŽİæ
ŽԼǮD׵İæ
ЩŽǮD½ǫεˣ͸۹ԼһЩƻǲȷܲܰѿأ̽˶֮½ǫǾ˸׵ĺ
ͷף½ǫԻϵĺޣŽڹĻʵ˵ֻǳķŭ
½ǫס˵øսʤӦøˡ
Ž½ǫ˵ȻЦͦصĸ½ǫȥˡ
ȥڹʵۺܿͽ⳥͹ˡ
½ǫóһֵǮ㽨裬Ϊ֮ǰսգ˶ˣŮ˺͸еıˣеĶˣֻʣһСˡ
½ǫøӱһж٣Ȼ֮ǰķӶ˵ؽ
֮ǰķӶһЩʵҺڹ¡˵ģסŲΣգγҪˮཨ죬Ҳһ죬ͳһķӣСԺӵģ滮ķǳİ
˽שøŮ͸Ƕμӵ
ߵʺֲ޻ףǷȥ
Ϊ޽ǳ࣬ٶҲǳ죬£һʵˮ·޽ˣˮĳǽҲ쳣ļ̡
ƯҪЩ½Ĵׯһ·ǿЩ½ķӣڶµͷ
Ūһ֮½ǫ⽫λã⽫˵λһؾ
·ϣ½ǫ˸صˮ·β룬е͵ϵģͷ·̰̫ԵģֱӾͰ⵱صĹԱµĹԱ·
ȥ·ÿټһΣһλȥǳ⣬ÿ·Ҫ޵ġ
˵ܹҶ̫ϸˣо仰˵úãҪ븻·Щ·޺֮󣬰ղкӹǮˣиǮǼҹĶˡ
⻰͵֣๫һĶǮ
ǮֻǵڶҪģһҪľߣӶߡ½ǫֿʼ˵һЩĻ
½ױÿǣǻһɡ
ĸĸãԺӵĳɳаӵԸ񲻻ȱݡ½ǫһĸ½׷
½ףԶҲԳɳа

ǿ飬ĴѾõϢ˵½ǫһֵضɽҡķ֮ǰҲҸŸˣԼҲը˽ڡ
ϻǿ̧ӭ½ǫ
ǳοͣظ˵ŲҦĶӣǱȳ㣬ûпˡ
дϯף½ǫεʤ
ȻǼλҲְ⽫˵ԼΣԼĶģʵǼ٣Ѱ½һϿβ档
½λҲˣͲڹмˣǸżӻһȥӼ顣
ǺͻǸѧǲͬǲ½ǫѧʱǰ㣬²ܻһμңǷѧ֮ؼҾͻؼҡ
½ǫ½˵㲻ͰȥססУĸоһоãӦˣ͸ĳ߶
½ȻϲλͦڴԳȥסĸоȥסˣܳΪˡ
СӶ뵱ˣ˿죬֮Сӡ
ϣ˵½ҪȥסУ£һ½ף˵Ҫ½̸̸
ҲΪ̸ı½סУ뷨
½ʵϲϣ죬Ȥ뿪̫ãȻһϣ뿴ϣûʲôı䡣
ϣ꣬ѾʮˣģҲӿһЩϴ½ǫٴοСоСС˵Ůϲĸѧԡ
ǰͦСģ˭С϶һ½δͷ
ԴѰ֮һԱȣȻǿεСɾϣԸϲһЩ
Լ뷨ΣհҲ½Ҳ뷨ٸϣ
ʱûߣװû˰ʾ뿪ı飬ôԱߡ
ְ֣С죬ʲô½ȿˣΪ֪ÿСһʱڵʱ򻹺ãᣬСӲϲְ־ͲһˣСǶְ֡
ϣ᲻ڣϣ϶Ҳ˼ڣְᡣ
˭֪½ǫ˵ҲߣС˵ôˣҾԸС˵ƽʱҸ죬㲻ҲԸԱߴôҶûи㣬㵹ȸˣ
½ǫװί½ףƽʱְ־ƭЭˡ
½Ҳ½ǫˣǸϣ졣
ϣӻóһӽ½ף㡣
ʲôǿñʼǣ½׾ϣ˹ιҲûˡ
˭֪֮дĶƵʮ˵ӡ
Щʲô˼½׵ĺıˡ
ϣ֮ǰ˵Ҫ齨һֻ֧иľӣҳŰһЩǵ궼СĲʮ꣬ʣµĶ꣬иճģǶһص㣬ǹ¶
ʵϣһû˵ЩǱĹ¶ܶӳͱɻ˲ŮӲյĶ࣬úÿһЩĻãһЩ˻߸̾ϲƯĸǳóľͲˣżҶҲ
Ժܶ˼¸֮ͻѡֱɱˣ˵ǼΪû˻
ϣҵľһЩĸʮӤʣµһЩ߰ģΪԭһӣܲܳúÿ˭֪ԽԽѿҲ˺üǮɴ༰ʱֹ˵ġ
һЩǽֱߵСؤϣˡ
Щûиĸûмͥ½ȥ̣ܽҲһЩ
Щϣûи½˵½׿ĳܡ
½׿Ҿڸ˵һ˵ԭԼȥģ㾹ȻΪȥˡ
½֪º鷳Ϊ֮ǰڱ߹صʱԹиԸ⣬иԸˣǵļҲԸ⣬ǵļ½׻Ǯߣǩ
½׾ΥĳԣҪĲһȺū
½ǫҲˣû뵽ϣΪ½ֵزϣҲǸʮһСƨôôأ
ӲҪϣ˰ɣ
½ǫ˽Υ֪֪ص˵ÿͷ
˿˿ģұҪ֧֣ҲῳҵͷҲ⼸ʮ»ΪСӺ֣Цһ󡣡ϣǷ
½ǫС̫ˣˣ˿˿Ҫˣ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


149 
ñ
ôС½ҪԼĶ, ôСӤͱҪСƨܾ̫ˡ
ǳ󣬻ҳϡϣ˵
˭չǣȥ½뵽ô޿СӾۼһҪûչ˾͸, ܵǡ
Ҵȥϣ, ǰͷ·
½ǫһҲȥô¶, ֯һ¶ԺˣЩСȻʱֵǮĸ, ҲСܣʵǲġ
߼½ǫСҪȥסСȥ, ʲô
ǲȥ档½ǫѴ˵һ顣
룬ȷʵǴ, һҪҳ룺˿˿ѾС, ʮˣʱöһ, Լȥɡ
½ǫЩ, ƽʱ߱ҪӰӣû뵽ҲȷúǶɳһ
ʮСѾֻǸСѧѣĺЩ
ŴСǿɱԽǸʱСҪĶʮҪˣʮܶ, ʮ͵үүˡ
δ˵۹ʮСӡ
½׽й,ҪôԼ, ǻ֮Ҫһ㱨
ߣʲôԼ, ͻְְ֣ܡ
½ǫſˣһ죬ߣô𣿡
½ۿҪʼˣϽϣһˡ
ϣĵͷ½֣δĸӴ½δɣҲ̫͹ˡ
½׵Ƹһ˵ĳ˲ܿƵıţϣҲ᲻÷ſ֡
ܳȥԶ½ɿ֮Уûɿ½׵֣Ƕ½׵һۺ衣
½׻ûôأתͷĲȻôˣǲ̫ܵ죬ܲˣ͸˵ˣ㻹ǸСӣҪǿֿ
ϣʲôǵֿ
½ĵĸͣҰְ˵˵ֿͲˡ
ϣֿħֵĵֿ𣿡
ԣ˼½׵ͷҲôɵ
ϣ
ϣЩӰõһԺ࣬סһ䣬СӤǱͬһһչǡ
Щ˳󶼻Ϊ½׵ұۣεˣϣЩӸԴԼֵܽһ
ةӣչЩӵǮ˵ʲô
½׹һɾ۾СӣСеĵӺСеĵӻһЩ½׺ϣΧ˹
½׿һ£ЩСӤţʣµĴһЩĺӾͼ½׸ǽһߵĿġ
ԺÿҪЩʿһѵϵΡҪ䡣
ЩСǲÿ࣬ǰڼʱʲôҪɡ
ǸĸȴǣǳԱ󻹱ˣһּ⣬ֻܳȥַܳԱůůĴ˯½׵ЩҪ˵ʲô
֮½ҲסУˣÿʱߣһҪѵһֻǿľӣ˶Ŀ࿴ҲôСҲܡ
½ȥӼϿεĵһ죬Ѱſڵһʹ˹
֮ǰ½˵Ҫ½׵İΪӼ˺üԺӺʹǵĺϿεԺͬѰֻ½׵İſԸ½׶Ӵ빴½ף½Ժ޸
½ʼ˵ԼаѰ֮ǰˣ½׵İδ򣬵½ײϲδ
½˵кü˵˵ƭȡ½׵Σ½״Ӧ
½ѰʼȻһЩ֪ܸģ书ƽʱԼʲôģʹӦ
½ϿΣڹӼſڿѵȺѰ
Ѱ֪½ײϲ˰ͽᣬװɺøƵߵ½ߣ졣
½׵δڣ˵δ̬ͦߣȻ½һ
ҲǣϾةҵӣôߵݣȴֻȢһ϶Ⱑ
ϣ⣬ûةүүֻίȢһıԼˣ½׳ɻ󣬴ȢС檣С檸ӴڽӴͺô
˭֪ǵϿεĽңͿϣ͸½Һλã׼ֽī⣬½׽йȥһ
˫Ѱ̾ͱϣżˡ
ϣûѰ񣬺ѰУֻһп޵˰ˡ

½ǫıûлϣδǰƹܻʳǽЩҲ½ǫͷˡ
Ҫǣռ½ǫըҩں͵׵֮ڵǹһ
ԭ½ǫԽǰѧǹôãԣ֪ǹôװԼĹ죬ڿռ˸ϸ̣Լϣɵǹ
˴ںǹʱ޵ˣѹ˭ᷴǻκξ˭Ǿ˭Ŀڡ
½ǫѾȲˣȥֻϵĻˣöġ
ʱĻʵ۲ûκε
½ǫǰһߺ½״֮ǰס˳ȥǸɿݵĻʵۣൽ
ûУǸİеĶΪλ
½ǫȴһûС
ţ˫־ͱһص˨
½ǫп˿־壬½ǫڵϣһ˩ŵˣƽ˵ģʱɱ㣬ֻ鵱顣
ŴͣŵĿ½ǫ֪һֱ֪
½ǫ͸ż䣬һֱ֪ҸĵҩҲɵĵҩֻĶҩֻµԶԶټҵĸס
ܣܣЩİǰΪ½ǫҪɱҪܣεС׿ڸ˵ģ˵Ҫϼ棬ƭҵģ
½ǫ⸱ӣ·ԼһɶķɣһȺĿƵġ
½ǫ룬ԼҪ񶾵ˣڻ϶߶˵Σٸٸμһҵĸףòã
Ϻ֪½ǫ⻰ΣգƴҡͷҶôãôģ׵磡
ôˣҶðҲɱ㣬ҵǻ̫ϻʣסôõĹֻǰѡ½ǫֽ˽ϵճªĺۼ˺ҵĸףĥ壬ݲ꣬㾹Ȼһм㣿ҵԳˣ
ɫҰܣﲻͣ߶ţ޴ûĥ̫ӲһֱܾޣһЩҲôĿ࣡ⶼԼԼѡԼ
½ǫɫ̫ˡ
˵ţ̧ڻϵĺһ£ΣȻһξ쿨
εξݲϲݣĥجΡ
½ǫɫԽԽѿĻϣ¶˴ñĿ⣬ĿƬһ˺ö࣬ԺᾭΣżһ죬ϰߵġ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


150 
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ɫ԰׵Ŀ½ǫȥıӰ, Ҫסȴ˵þˡ
űϣ߱ͷһƬ谵, Ҧӡ
ʱҦ, Լε˹, ҲķŭѵҦʱ㶪ҲҪߵԭô
ԭҪŴӵĻϺȻֹͣ˶Ӧ, ǱӦ

½ǫǻΪۣΪʺ
û˸α˻ϵλگ飬֮ǰһֱΪ̫ӣʼŴһֵĳ, ǷȨ½ǫ½ǫȫȨ
ڳмʦֵ֧, ةӻ½лԼ, ׵İæбȨ, ˭ҷԣ
Ϊ»⵽˺ܶ˵ķ, ǲܽһΪʺ󣬻ڲͣȰ½ǫȢһŮʺ
̫Ű壬ΪĹؾ͵أоǺܶԼŮʺ󣬾˻ʺ, Ҳá
Ͻ, ԺǰҲܸ˳һЩ
½ǫһɻؾǵ, Ҫ֮ǰ, ½ǫֻ˵ΪʺҪ֮½ǫɴּһ˵Ҫ½Ϊ̫ӡ
ӾŭˣһʺҲͰˣҪһ̫ӣԲУ
˫һ߿ʺ󣬵½ײ̫ӡ
ǣ½ǫߣҪʺԺҲģʺܷϣ½ǫڻᣬٹ꣬ˣ֪ڽӴҪˡ
½ǫǣܵһҪ̳ĻλģֻҪѭ򽥽˵Щǡ
ЭһԺ󻹻Э࣬½ǫһ㶼
ǻͷһУķǳʢ
ϻ̻ٹٺ;İǿͷ׵̻Ϊʲô񼣣׷˵½ǫǻ˳Ӧ⡣
½ǫǻĵһҪѧУһҪŪѧҳǮÿÿСӶѧ
½ǫȱľǮΪĿռڳһҪöٳöٳ
Ҫһ˶ϵ֣ǹԱֳˣ˵˶飬ƾ٣ҲҪôְλ
½ǫ˵ѧ֮ԸЩѧУӣĹҲҪˣЩСѧʶ֣һЩļͥСѧͿԽˡ
˽Լ飬ѧգʦרҵľרҵЩ½ǫ˵԰Щ¥ĲƷ̸ЩѧǣˮгȵȵĶŪһרҵ
ҿռѾ½ǫˣҲҪ˲ŰæԺ󹤳Ҫĳ죬Ҫ𳵣ЩҪԵ˲š
ҵһѧϰЩ֪ʶ
ǻ֮ǰһ˵ĽǶȥ磬Ҫ׬ǮЩطҪԼ⴫Ȼ˾⡣
ǻˣҶģ԰ҶһĹ˶ԿԱ
˭֪ЩʳطνҷչԽԽ㣬ʵ۾Խ㡣
Щ˵ǮǲõϵҪǮҦӾͻϸǮ
ϵĽƱȡ֮֮ߡ
ҴҸˣҲˣǿյ˰Щ˰Ҳ㽨衣
Ȼ½ǫͿʼһǽѧУԹҵĺôδĹһôôá
˵˼Ѫһ˷ܣɻҲжˡ
ǵһѧУ֮½ǫ˵Ů͸ҪѧǿƵġ
˭ҵĸĸúȥѧֱӹҪӣǾͲͬˡ
½ǫʼ϶˳ͱ˵ЩˣҲͬԼҵŮӺ͸ȥѧģǰ˵ʮ궼Ҫǳϸġ
˶ϰȥµʱʵطſٷſ
˭ͬ⣬˰ָǲ֪½ǫҪʲô½ǫ米ˡ
ЩǶڵˣ˵С£һֵ˶ʮ˲զ죿󶼲ܰô죿±ֻͶô죿
һǵҲϵɵģСЬô죿
ڵҦ¾鶼Ҧһ·ĵλȨ
ȣкɲܵɡ
ҦӵУҲѧУ
Эˣ˭ҲұԼȥ
ҸҪǣһƾٵĿĿ½ǫģĿǶѧУĿԼЩѧУǻô
ԱǿƾĿǻ˵ã½ǫˣǵλð֮ǰǻԸŮ飬һһ
±ϴҶͬˣ½ǫǲġ
Ͼ⾩ǣͷЩƫԶĳ߻ʵԶģǱĻʵ˵׼ˡ
½ǫĵڶ¾ͳһרżĲţ벻ͽнɣ֮ǰӾһŶ΢磬ֻڻϡ
ҲҪŪһֻĶ飬ÿƯƯģһոǿͷԴǿҲӡ
ȻŵȨ̫ˣһҲܲöǡ
׹ŶʱҲõĶ⡣
¾Ū˺üȶΪʺ󣬲ǰĻʺǰֻܴڻʹʱ
ǰ߰½ǫ⣬߰½ǫҡ
ΪһҰĸǰܹٵĿ࣬Ȼ֪Ҫʲô
ڰǮˣǰŮҲԼؤˣ֮ǰ˿֮ҲԼڹǱ߹±ɹӶϵ
¶˲ٹ棬ǾֻнԼͷ˲ܶġ
ɷʵ֮󣬲ÿиı٣ֻūԼˡ
Ĵ۾֮ǰĹȥź˵ĹѣҪҲһӦᣬֺ֮ˡ
뵽һԲߣȥ½ǫרŪһţЩҵʺϵĹô
½ǫǼԽԽˣãͽپҵɡ
˵ɾ͸ɣǹҵķչ׶ΣλҪ̫ࡣ
½ǫĹһһң˱ū׬Ķ࣬ҲеλһЩ
ūкܶƣĺҲūǵĺӲܿƾ٣ҲӣҲ뿪˼ң֮ȥȥģپ٣أҲÿɫ
һ˲ūо˱ͷʼǮ
ǮǮˣǲŹٸǸūپҵĲΪǰ£ǲҪЩԱһЩô
һЩܹǮūҲȥʣⲿų˺óһʱ䣬һūŵȥʡ
ȥ֮ǰһЩþƺ⣬һЩû׼˳һЩЩ£ֻҪָ֮һСˣЩҲûʲôӳūܹİ̫ˣϰˡ
սսȥˣеİûУЩԱ顣
ΪƽʱûĹԱУüΧһˣʮԼѡ


151 
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̫, ˸Żˣ򵥵˸еȵĹЩԱﻹûˣһѹ, ûеطסʱžȼס, ǹȶٰ֮ȥҪˡ
ū˶Щ, ǰ˵լԺиιϣĸĸū, ĸĸĸҲūÿظһĹһķʳһʹѾһ˺ӻū
Ϊȥ, żȻѼ֮ĴЩ, ĸӶȰԡ
ĸĸӻԼܵǮһֻԼѼ, ڸĹǮر͡
, һ׬Ǯ, òһ꣬ܰѺҲİȫ˶ˡ
֮ǰģԼһ˳ˣ֮ǰʱǰһʮǮĹǮû, , һ˱˵һ˿ĸо
ָоԭľګг, ˶
ȥһ, ö˶Ķˣܶū˶ȥԼ
ǵ˼Ҷ⣬еĻ́۸ģеȨѹ˵ģеĸɴǴǮЩūˣԺ󶼲ЩūǿǮ
Ǳˣ˵ģǮҲӦõġ
֮󣬺ܷŭȥ½ǫһ£Ժ˭ͨԼңǮȥٸȻٸǮҰù
ǺܶūǴ١׹ݣٸҲܲǡ
½ǫְ½˽ȥܣÿȥҸѯЩūûҪģо͵ˡ
ȻһЩȴЩū
½ǫˣ˭Ҫǲͬ⣬ʲô׹ݣʲôԹֱӸץū
Ϊ˱ʾ֧֣λӻةǶ˹Ӷϵ
½ǫٽд֣µҲЧ£Ѽūͷˡ

½ǫǹҲˣһǣһǡ
õڲţֵµ˵֮ǰԵѾûˣܶūūˡ
½ǫЦſǹ֮ǰ˵ʷҪϳūƶȵˣʧܵվ
֮ܳɹʲôʲôһӵĸ֮⣬һԭΪֻҪʵǿʲôʲô
̧֣ԶĻƿһǹ޴󣬻ƿ˲飬ӵڻƿͷĴϣ洰Ӷˡ
ͦ󡣡½ǫ˦˦֣Ǻ̫ˣۣҲҲԶҪĽ

߳ŲӣǸˡ
ǰŲӾǲţŻڽϹһ䣬ǻʺˣ·ǼҪ˵ˣǴҶ͸г
·г˷ǳĶ࣬гٶҲ·죬ܶʱ˿ˣವһԶˡ
ﵽܿжˣھҲΣա
ǵõһʱӣʱδǰķΪԼǸĸԱ
ڵľˮ·д̳ľ¥̣·Ǵɫ޵·ϹҸЦݣ·߲ؤڵˣʱʱѧУﴫʶ
֮ǰ๫˵Ҫһõ磬Ӧþ๫˵ɣ๫ˡ
һ뵽½ǫǾ̲ס๫ô۶ʲôƻãÿʣרһʱʱôõ๫Ҳڶ˰ɡ
·һӣһϤӰ
մӾ¥ȵԳɡ
̲סüô˻ţΪԳѾһ֪Ľˡ
ǻ̲ס
ϴμԳɵʱ񲣬ڿŲôˣͨľƹƵġ
ȥʣ˵Գʱ񲣬ʱѣҲ֪ķǲװġ
뵽һ£ԳǲǻסأԳǲÿ»õǮ
̫࣬ÿ춼ܿģԳ˷θˣѾܾöûˡ
룬ΪԼѾ£лг޵ģ룬Ժ׼ԳɷǮһȥԳɴϳļҡ
Գɱ˴ϳݺݵӵ˵ϡ
һԳѵʱģ뱨һӣû˼ֻпŶԷ״̬ʹ࣬Żõ⡣
Գʹ̧ͷߣߣΪʲôҪңϴεִңְҴҼϳΪסɱȫң㻹ϷŹ𣿣ǲϱǷ㰡
߿ŵҪվһŲؿϣվԣϱǷҵġ
ջؽţӵȥ
ߴԳһ·ӵ˾ͷ
ľǳԶһ·ţ·ĥƣƤⱻĥã죬˿ڲúƣҲŲ˼죬͵ûˡ

߿ԳɱߣԽԽԶ·ĹȥһԶ׵ʧ
߻ɵĻ˻ʹ½ǫڴǰ飬߻̧˫֣ߣ
ƽʱ߲ôĹǽȴʲôû˵߹סͷϡ
½ǫͷȥˣ
һȥˣҾҽúݣҲ
ǼҺƢҪ϶˺ֵܹ飬ھȥɱԣ½ǫ˵žҪȴ߱š
ˣѾˡ߽ͷؿϲ˲䣬Ҵһɡ
½ǫá
߱½ǫ뵽Ǹոճǻᣬ½ǫϲ˯ڹô꣬Ҳô࣬һũһϣƶУ½ǫûиıÿ챧˯ϰߡ
̲ס˹ǣ˸ոʱ£ʱÿ϶ҪجΣεֻصԳߣԳɸĥ
ŵʱҲܻᱻȥĿĥţӰ
ģԽԽ뵽ԳɣҲڻȥĿѡ
ڵÿεĻ䣬ǹ½ǫһĿڵģĻ䣡
Цʲô½ǫͷ˳һڡ
ЦסԼͣ˭ˣ
ҷôˣ½ǫ˵͵ֵ֣ͷһڣ𣿡
߿̲סЦЦ
Цʲô½ǫ
ҵǣˣٶڣҾûˡ
л˵
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152 

, ű½ͷġ
½ǫһ˺ӣһЩɵĶ綼ˡ
϶£ȥ
½ǫıţԴĲҲ,ҲǸӡ
½ǫԴ,ʮĺӣ
½ǫ½, ֻɿŵ,ȥӵʲô
߸󣺡úø˵
½ǫںǰҶ๫ˡ
߿һҪڸϾѾſˣŸЧҲôã϶Ҫġ
½Ѿ, Ѿϰ߳ԹˣΪ˲ео, װʲôûӡ
½ǫ, ſڴͬС˵½ףֿ˿ﱧŵı, ֿ˿һϮͷҵС˳,Ҫ̨磿СŮ
½ǫ֮ǰӽ£С˳ԼСŮһ죬æͷ
½תͷС˳ӣʦСŮ, ԸȻ, ģû׼ҲŮ
С˳Сһ,ʦôʦȡЦŮӣ
½ǫĻ, оһ˿˿΢
ǻѾмˣһתѾʮģˡ
½ףһ㶼ǸǸεɣϵǸɣвŮϲɡ
ٿС˳ӣȻҲǸСģȴǺ죬Ҳɿɰġ
½ϲЦŮӿĵĳС˳ӡ
½ײϲС˳˰ɣ
½ǫ˿С˳ӹȻǸС̫ܱ࣬ϣá
ϣӣˮ̫С˳ӹɶ£һģǰˣ֪֪ףûϱϵ½
ľcp
ְ֣ҵСͶѾѵ˺üˣһչʾչʾô½ͷڴĿ½ǫʡ
½ǫ뵽Ǹ¶Ժ֮ǰ½׸ϣȥܣ½׻ʱ㱨ɶ½˵ģۿ϶ͬ
ߣȥƣЩǡ½ǫһ𣬿ǵĺӵһζ³ɲɹ
ҵĺǣֵµı½ԼظҲǸС˰ɣ
硣½ǫ佱
Ǽ˿˿ɳĴˣҲſ佱
½׻С˳ӵԴһ£أ
С˳һãȻ
½ףְֺ͵佱ˣͲˣǲҲҪ佱ң
С˳Ӻ˼䣬ֺͷߵĲˡ
ôԽԽСˣ½ȥ§ļ򣬡øʦѧϰѧϰ
С˳Ӷ㿪Ը̫Ӵ
½ǫԽԽ˳ۣ˵뷨
ȴ½׸ϣһЩСǸһЩܸõչ˿˿
С˳Ҳչ˰½ǫ˵
վ˲ͬcp˷磬һ·һֱͷԴյһ𷴲ԷĿ
һֱ½׵䳡ǲͣ
ϣҲڣ书Ҳ赶Ūó¡
Ϊ˰½ףߣ˱飬󲼾˽⣬½˵Ǿʦ
ϣ½ǫˣڳʿ󣬸½ǫһ¡
½ǫû뵽ǻôһ£ЩСҲͦܳԿ࣬һɹڣҲ߸׳һЩ
½ǫĵͷУһЩ˸һ飬ԣӦýȫǰһǿҲսɱУҲԱ
½ĵͷã
ߣǻؼҳԷ½ǫһ ߣһҪȥ½ס
½ȴתסϣĸ첲ȥȾˣϲؼҳԷˡ
ϣĸ첲˺øǣ½ǫǵĵ˵ǲżͺȾƣôܸһȥȾƣ
ģǲȶࡣ½׻½ǫĶ˵СԾСˣӿɺˣƽʱһ㶼һÿζЦÿζȥ˵ǲеɵ
½ǫϣ̫ˣղſվCPˣС˳ôĹСԡ
½ǫֻĿһ뿪
ںͷ˾䲻׼ȾƳΪְľǿ
Ҳסĸ첲ôҾ˵˿˿СԸ䡣
½ǫͷ๫´ˣǲҪͷ๫һҹߴΣ
߾۾ѹĶ˵ͷأϹ˵ʲô
½ǫ˵ĺСġ
һԸŵǣÿζΪԼС̫ˣҲЩ
䣬ȻһҹߴΣǶЩӰ

½ǫŻʰȥ֪ͨȫǵһȥԱǣÿ춼¡
Ҳܵûõǣ
ӱսҲ
˵׼ȥսջ˵أ˼˵ûУ
֧ǻ֯ģôջ˵ġ
ҿǻӣרݵģǿźÿʵá
϶ǻΪ˺庢ӿģŪôһ֧飬ʵпðˣ㿴ƽʱʺͻӹǣ֪ˡ

Ȼ˵ųĻ浽һ죬ȴȫȥΧۡ
½״֧ʱ˶סˡ
ȻֻмʮˣҲʮ꣬һӣһ㶼ǻӡ
ǺͷǴչʾڳһ䳰Ļ˵ˡ
ڳĺܶƲ˵һЩĻǵǼԼ߱Լ׳ĸʱҲǲҿ˵ģ°ᡣ
һú;ǣִȫأȫ֪ǵĻһֻ֧иĶ飬ЩǳĿͨĸ
СҲ˸ѧͣ½ǫʱĿαǲǲʺŮӣΪͷȰŮӵݣ½׵к
СŮӣһЩʲôҪĻɾͲˡ
ҲûԺС˭ӵĸҪԽ̵С
Ȼʱ䲻ô࣬дɱ˽̣ӿռһ˼δĽ̿飬ﲻѧйҶ˵һԣȽСѧ˻ѧ
ʱռһЩҲСһо
Сⷽ滹ͦȤģСŪ˸ʵңСԾȥо
½ǫĻҲʼˣ𳵵ͬʱȫ졣
˷ܵߵ˵Ժ𳵿ʼˣҾʹȫصΣȥȥҲ·Զʱˡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


153 
ҩ
½ǫȫ, ֮ǰ˽һȫصزиصʺʲôݲͬĵطͬĹ滮еĵطز, еĵطԸ, иɫ, ѻͿԹͬչˡ
§ߵļûпգ
ЩڴǲŪʲôˣʲô
, ȥǮ֮ǰֻ֪жǮˣЩֻһ֣һŸоǵġ½ǫ˵
⻰ЩЦ, ๫ԽԽǸСƵˣʵ۵, һϲǮ
˵๫רһ顣½ǫչȥߵ, ϵ˵ҲһһӶϲǮ, ҲһӶϲ㡣
ǰҲɹ, һ½ǫҲģ߻Ứģ뿪ҲбˣһʱԽã½ǫԽԽճˡ
ڶ߾͸һȥǮˡ

Ѱ½ԽԽԶ, ÿҪ½һ˵ʱ, ϣϡ
ϣƽʱ, ˭, ʼ½ͦϲһ棬Ȥ
ǺϣǺϸĵȥ½ϲʲôҪʲôȥ˽ʲôȥʲôҲ˺ܶ๲ͬİúԡ
½Ҫ齨һֻ֧иľӣͰ½ѰôǵĻҲ;ΧЩ͸ˣһദʱҲˡ
ѰҪǵĹϵ֮о͸ӵѡ
ѾԽԽˣԭͱ½״꣬Ѿʮˣʮ͸ýģϵʮΪ˵½ס
̽½׶һ½׾ǰɱ̥
Ҳûϣ۳࣬ҲȻѧʷϣһЩոǿʮϣ϶Ҳ򲻹
ҪϣΧ½ףϣһ١
ϿΣϣճ½ף½˵仰У
ԽԽʮ굽ʮ꣬ˣʱ˷ѵ½׵ҲСˣһĸϣףͳûϣˡ
˸˵İ취½ҩ췹ˣ½벻޸ˡ
Ѱһʱ䣬ò׵ȵһϣ½ߵʱչȥ½˵õһĶҪҪȥҼƣ
ʲôĶ½״СĺöˣʲôĺóԵĺĺõĶûмʶһ㶼Ѱ˵ĺĶ
ҲƲˣҼôͲкˣø㱣ܣ˾֪ˣѰӦ˵ҾǸϵãŸ㣬һҶ
аɣȥ½ŷҲû¿ȥҪûʲôģ˾ǰߣϣȥ
ǰԸϣһ棬ԽԽϲϣһţ˭Ҳ˵һ鿴ͦ
ϣദøԷˮƵĳһϰߡ
ð뷨ʱԼҲһû뵽һȥģϣȤ
½½ǫڼ˵ϣ̫ˣǵô½ǫû˵ѵ˵ⷽ棿
½벻ͨԸҲûпأЩҲûж롣
ڶ磬ѰȲڹſڵ½ףȫ׼һж׼ˣ˵ϣҪŸĸȥ㣬ۺҲ²ڣǰµĺʱ
Ů˺͸Ƚڵģ½˯ˣ½ΪҲҪ޸ġ
ֻҪ½׳ף½ǫҲˡ
½ǫ˵ⱲӲȢˣҲӣϴλ˵Ҫ½Ϊ̫ӣ½ǫһҪ˵ʲô¾һҪȥģԤУ½Ժһ̫ӡ
Щǿܻ½ǫѹͬ½ǫ뷨ǵ½ǫЩǻ᲻ͬ½ʵ۾˵׼ˣ⽭ɽҪ˼̳еģЩ˵׼ͻĿ½׵๫ϡ
黹ûܳɣѰѾʼˡ
½׸Ѱȥңҽ컹ͦģ˶ˣҽôôȥˣȥˣ
ؾ֮½ǫ佫˵⽫裬Ժʲôشᣬͽ⽫ȥݡ
Ѱ裬ȭͷѹ˵ĸ׳ȥˣҲã徻
½ȥ˷䣬׼õ÷֭ݸ½ףȣȵ÷֭ʡ
½ȷʵͦϲĹ֭ӹһھͰѱӷˣѺȣûҼҵĺúȣ˵ĺĶأһЩóҿ
Ѱû뵽ͺһڣΪҩЧһЩ׼ôһ󱭡
ȫȹˣ½׽϶·߲ˣǾôһڣ
½׸о֣㲻ƭҹɣأ
Ѱ½׻ǱȵģϽװתƻ⣬ʵʵΪ㲻ôңҾţ취й桭
Ҳ˵ûкĶ½׿ֱҡͷ㶼ʮˣôôɣҲҲϲ棬Ҳûʲôġ
½Ӧˣڰ֣ˡ
㲻ߣѰǰ½ףȴ½׶㿪
ֵѰȲ½ףֻĿ½뿪ް취
ЩڣӦöһЩˣ½װסֱӲҲа
Ҳ֪һ÷֭ҩЧǿһͷˣͲô
ֻ͵͵ĸ½ףȥô
½״ҳȥ˹֣Ȼȥ˿·ߵˣݣǳ
Ѱʱ䣬ⶼһʱˣһûʲôҩЧɣĵĻȥˡ
ûһᣬ½׾;ЩȣΪ̫ȣŵµȣȴǳҪȥϣ
ϣȥˣҲ֪û
ԭҪعģȴתȥϣļҡ
ȥϣļңϣļͰϣİˡ
ÿֱͨӽȥУ͸Լһ
ʱ򣬿ϣߵСڣǼүˣ
С˿½׹ܸˣǼү첡ˣûûȥ㣬˿ȥɣû׼үһӾͺء
ˣʲôˣȥ½ЩģȻϣƽʱ֪飬Ҳû䣬ϣȷǺġ
̫ȣɹˣЩͷ۰ɡС˵
ǣҲȡ½ֲ̧˲Լͷϵĺȵˡ
˵žƿϣķţСûиȥϸĵİǹ˷š
ϣ̤Ͽһ飬죬̧ͷ½ףæôô죿ǲҲˣͽȥд
½׿ʱκ֪þ߹ȥסϣôô죬Ҷ౧һᡣ
ǰôܵ飬ܵҲǣǣ֡
ϣסֱȽϵϣܸܵԷ£ͨͨĿֹӲԭأԭЩͨ졣
˿̵ϣԼʲôˣ˺һᣬܵ½Դ°ͣǿеԼͷȥ½׵ı飬½Щ̫Ծ
ղȥʲôϣʶԾ½׵ļ˸ԼֿϸȥԷı顣
½ͷεͷһЩټҩЧԭ۾һ˹ȥ
ϣϽС˺ȥ򣬶ˣҪȥ֪ͨϡ
л˵
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


154 

غ½׵, ϣȻ̫֪˿׵Ĵ½ǫҲæĸˡ
ǿڴϻԲѵ½ף첽߹ȥ, ˵Ѿ˽ⶾҩ, Ӧù˶þѹˡ
⻰, һЩڴ½׵, ̲סޡ
˵Сʱ򣬻ʺ¶ʧȥС½ֱ¶תǳʹͷŭ, ΪʲôЩץĺӲš
Դ½ǫ˻֮ǵʳǳС, Ҳ½׺С˵, ҪԶǳԵε˸Ķ
ϣ, ܿ뷨, ϣϲ½׵ӣ¶
½ǫҲ뵽һ㣬ˣȥһ˿˿˭Թʲô
ϣ뵽ʲôҿѰҹ˿˿, ֪˵ʲô, ˿˿Ҳûи, Ī
½ǫѰ˭, ˼Ƭ̲ѰǸ⽫ôͲʲôˣᣬ˵׼
ܿ˻˵˼½ȥѰңûд̫þ뿪ˣ֮½ȥֿˣǶûٳԹκεĶ
½ǫһŭĽ˰Ѱץʡ
Ȼܷŭʱ˵黹ǽרҵȽϺãҲЧʡ
ǽѰץ֮½Ҳˡ
һҩȵıȽ٣ûʲô󰭣ϢһӾͺˡ
ͿΧڴߵļˣְֺ͵żվϣ
ϣԼţɫôã϶²һֱš
ǿɿ½Ҳ˲Լˣæǰæ˰졣
ϣ½ѹһԴ裬ЩվסҲιȥˡ
½ȷֵģϽ˰ȥ
Ҳ̫ˣԺչ˵˿˿ô½ǫȻȴϣ½δˡ
ߣ⺢æǰæģҲǲףҿŻУãһԺ˿˿ܣ˶򲻹˿˿
ҴˣҶ˿˿һָͷ̽˸ʬ½ǫߵ˵ϣĴһ
ֻ˵һܣСҲˡЦ˵
Ҳԣ˿˿书ǴҲ˿˿򡣡½ǫ˵
һûһţȻȸղŷ˲١
½׿ϣ뿪ķ˵ҲһأȻ䣬ҵĻأֻˣϴΰְʱ򲻻ڵ˵ۣû𣿡
½ǫϵףϹҲסôûأˣҸ˵㲻ô飬ûʮ꣬ô㶼ܴӦ޸
½ѵõһ죬˭˵Ҫˣʮ˵
Ͷˡ½ǫĵͷ֮ͲˣҪļסˡ
㱻ס£
½ǫϽϣ˵ĻǼǷĹǵĻǣá
½ףֿʼˡ
ܿѰˣ׷ǳϲ½ͽܣ˵Ѱɵ뷨ĲᣬѰѾˣǸ˺ü̡
ѰʣһˣҲѪܵġ
½ǫȥˣ缸꣬ȥѼˣ¥ûˣҲûȥˡ
ûѼʣ½ǫ˵͵¥ȥԼµѼӵĺ塣
ȥ½ǫ˵ȫ¥ţĳɾ¥̳֮泡
˭ҲץԺ˭УȡμӿƾٵĻᣬǵٵģֱӰְҿԻٱ
ԭЩ¥ˣ˲˵Ĳ˵Ҫٱͺˣ˭ûм˰ûеˣ̫˼ʵҲ±۲ٱ
öʮ꺮볯Ϊ٣˭öԼɴñ½ǫû˵檣ɼҲá
½ǫ˵ˣǰľˣԺľͲ׼ˡ
뷴˵㲻Ը檣ǰǽǹ˭ҰĲ˵ܲΪ췴ɣ˭˭˭Ϊȥ¥췴ˣȥ಻
Ƿ檷Ҳ͸ĳҡ
½ǫҲܲô£ɣ˶ƼˣϾҲǹŴ粽̫ˣҲܲˡ
ԭס񣺡粽󣿣

֮½˺һӣû뵽ԼôɵˣѰһ
ǵһμʱͿѰĿȴѰ
ϣ⼸춼ͦƵģ˵ҪһȥɢɢģһҲУ½ǫ˵Ҫһϣš
½ǫĵ£ճ飬ܳȥ棬Ҫٳ飬ġ
߷˵һЩ˸ȥӴˣžȥɡ
߻͵Ÿ½ǫ˵θϣһ𣬿ǲڵʱϣ̬ǷҲĺá
½ǫͷ˵ҲеһȷʵܿԷʵһ档ԣʲôʱˡ
½׽йǧ˵ǧܸС̫ܣ㻹ǸСӣûУ
½ײڵתͷ̫ˣҾǳ棬˵ʮʱҲ¿š
ȥ϶顣½ǫͷԡ
˵ȥ϶£·һһۣǶʮˣʱҲ̫ˡ
պãͻҲ޺ˣ½ǫ˵סߵ֣һҲþûһˣһڻ𳵳棿
ԭ½׺ϣһļƻһĿڼϣһˡ
ϣûбֳ˻ǲڣѾܳˣദĺȻҲȫ
СҲʮˣԽԽÿĳǼȫ˵ŵ㣬˫۾
½׵۾·̳Ҧһֻг֮ϲСӣͬ˾ûЧ
Сĵ۾ȴ˿˶ϲ
½ǫ֮ǰŪһʵ࣬רŽµĽ̲ģҲܸС顣
ȫһʮѧеͬѧϲСкŮǸϲҲΪǹԭ
γ棬½ǫǰͬѧҲϳˣһϳеСѶΧСת
½ǫһСкСߵĺܽ½ǫˣһֱעߵĶ
߱ԹһģɰҸæˣĿСģ
Цסĸ첲ӶˣǾ̫ǣѵʱٳְǡ
½ǫ룬֮ǰСΪΣգСҲѧ书
СȴԸ⣬͸ĽСǹСʺܸߡ
СתǹΣյǱˣ˭Ҳ˺С
½ǫסߵ֣ȥ羰ȺСˡ
л˵
˸л2022-07-09 23:53:38-2022-07-10 23:30:12ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


155 

Żоǿ, ټĵͼҲôĴ𳵴Ӿߣȥˣһ¡
СǶܿ, ½ǫ˵ٶȻ, Ҫ޶ͺˡ
Ҳ˵ʲô, ͵˵ԽǸͶˡ
֮½ǫÿ궼оµĶ·ؿ, ˿ڱˣ¥Ҳˣÿ˶ٶӣԼĹŮҲԳȥ, ԼĻȨ
½ǫһҪ, оˡ
½׵ֻľԽԽ, ŮӣʼĶﶼǹ¶, ûҪĸŮ, ŹҵķչŮҲԼĹСԽѵĽܷ·һЩ͸乤, ׬Ǯ
ŮļͥҲ⽫ŮӶ, ԼǮ˵, ǳ֮׬Ǯ, кܶ๤ֻոŮӡ
ܼ½׵ľӣǴãǺ޲öһЩŮ͸кӷûôֵǮˣǹﻹҪڽӴ˼룬Ҫӡ
һַһ£̫ϻˣʱݵͬһ߸ʬ
ֹ˲ʮʱ䣬һѽСӲҲˣ½ǫ˵øŮҲμӿƾ١
Щǿɲˣ󳼵ſڹţиϳ˵Ҫײӡ
½ǫͳȥײӰɣģ޾ԲײɹΪһײǰһǹ㡣
Ұ½ǫͣһᣬ̧ͷյķ򣬡Ҫٷԣ͸˵˵æǵȺԼǺԺˣ뷴ԶԲҵľԺǵĺҲϳõĻˣϲɡ
ˣЩ˿ܲȴ±ԼԼһֻҧͬ½ǫ顣
ǾþŮӺ͸μӿƾٿԣΣЩŮӺ͸ӴϻۣǶϣҲ㿼ġ
˭֪껹ĳһλŮ״Ԫ̽һλةҵСŮǸΪǵһŮˣҲοп˵
Щʼǿ֮󲻷ҲˣܶʶŮӺ͸ҲпܱкӻҪ
ϣҲ볯Ϊˣ½׸ٰ˻½׳ɻ֮ʹľӳˣ·һûиУʵֻҪദˣ֪ĸôŨ
½״ĸŮӵľӴ˵һ̾ʤˣҲǰսʤ˳Ϊʤ
СĳΪһȵѧԣܸ䣬͸һ
ܸСʱôεΣôɫͷ϶ôôİͰޣСҡͷ˵ⲻҪ˵ˡ
߻Ц˵СҲֻҪڵǰСŮˡ
СҲѡǳɻڶʱϾǱȴһӡ
ԭڸɻ֮ǰͨѾߣԷһӣﹴ
Ǹͨһ氮ΪȨΪ˼ҫòס
֮ĸǸ˵ȡλĻһ˵Ů˻ϣǵԷΪ˼ȥȡλȡ˻λ֮ٸ
ÿС˶ڷƨΣֻҪûи˵ЩΪǺõģļ̫¾ˡ
Ǻŷ˶ƭαװ
֮ǸͨѾ߻ĹűŹǸһ㡣
СЦһȻǶˣ˰ɣֱӰ˸ɱˣȥһԧɡ
С˵ǸѾѳˣȻŭһӣǺܿ߳Ӱ
Ȼ޹һˣҲǹҪСѾԻʧˣټϣһϣų˵ľȥ
೤мƵ˻ȥĲλһֱȥġ
½ǫԹ£ǺӴ͹ܲˣһ£СЩνĲиĺÿֻ֮ûһǰȥƵġ
СһȺ֮⣬ԽԽϽˣ˵棬ѿķ棬Щѧ˿½ǫҪ磬Ҳæ˺ܴһ
Ȼǳһ½ǫСΪ̫ӡ
֪½ǫ϶Ҫеһ̫ӣѾľˣûз½ǫ½ǫᣬһ½ǫǱá
½׳ϲоЩԵûκεȤСȷʵⷽĲܣСһֱǣᱻԼ뷨
½ǫ϶ҲҪλӣǾСΪ̫ˣһһϣһһһ⣬ͦá
ǰﰲװ·ƣ֮ͨǰ½ǫߵվڳ¥ȥſЧ
ʱʱ½ǫ߽¹⣬ѹѹһƬǵ·Ƶˡ
Ҫõĵʲôӡ
߿½ǫļϣﵹʮŰߣôļʵͿӣҪӡ
ʮһһ˲䣬еĴС·ȫƻͨ
е˶߳һ𻶺
Ҳһ𻶺ŵµôˣҲǳ㣬๫Ư
ĵİǸиƯĵƹ⣬Щ·ֻͨġ½ǫ˵ţռϵͳϢˣҪռ֮вϢ۾ȴһƵĻĶ
һٸѾ꣬һοЯһ˻صʵĻᡣ
ǡ
ѡǴʱƵģ֮ѡϣѡˡ
ŵʱת˿ߵߣѾٵˣԷͷ϶˰ͷ
ȥʱ᲻صµǸʱ䣬ֿԻصʱˡ
ȥҲνٿԴȥأʵ
ôʲôߺ
㣬ԸԸȥҵ磿½ǫ᲻úӣ뿪ҲУֻ㣬һãֻȥһ硣
ãҸȥ˵תͷ˿ԶĺǣѾǶһĴˣԼѾҪˣȥ磬ǲܿĸףлôΡ
Ҳܿɡ½ǫȷԤУܾĸ׻Ǹǡ
óֽʸд˵ĻҲһЩ̵ʱдĻȻֽԭأʯͷѹá
סߵ֣׼ˣǳȥµ硣
߿ڿе˼£һ˹ȥһ˲Ǳʧʱա
Ҷע·ƣŻЦû˷Ǻʱ뿪ġ
жڸлϻʺôӵõ硣
л˵
滹ʵƪķ⣬лһֱ׷Сʹǣǡ
һүֱЩ꡷Ԥѽ
飺Խִǰ֦Ǳļүĸ΢ΪүϲǿڸС
үȻ˵ȴҲ΢檣Ȣү
ү裬үǰ
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